The present work explores my practice as a photojournalist researching anthropological issues in the Muslim world. I use the Hawzas, the Muslim Shi’a seminaries, as my case study to invite a visually informed approach to the human sciences, and promote a practical usage of aesthetics. Because of the dramatic disproportion between socio-cultural relevance and under-representation, the Hawzas offer an extremely valuable opportunity to research issues of Orientalism and Orientalist visual archives. By questioning my own fieldwork practice alongside the visual signification of the Hawzas, I reconnect the pre-production to the post-production phase, and encompass within it a shared outlook issues of both the Real and the represented. I posit the photograph within wider multimedia and multi-audience practices as a stand-alone communicative device and part of a montage to assess its communicative features in relation to the verbal as a caption, and to the visual, in montage. Through this, I distinguish a phenomenological framework of analysis to urge a radical rethinking of personal and social agencies, and suggest the notion of communicative hubs for today’s globalised identities. I evince the extent to which the digital is reshaping forms of visual-led and multimedia production, knowledge distribution and media consumption to finally contextualise the photograph as ‘semantics without ontology.’ I conclude by advocating my ideas of the ‘Meta- Image’ and ‘Public Cultures 2.0’ as two integrated formats for visual-led communication, digital media practice, social engagement and public impact as specifically addressing Muslim cultures.

Les mécanismes hyperstatiques sont souvent utilisés dans l’industrie pour garantir une bonne tenue mécanique du système et une bonne robustesse aux écarts de fabrication des surfaces. Même si ces assemblages sont très courants, les méthodologies d’analyse de tolérances de ces mécanismes sont difficiles à mettre en oeuvre.En fonction de ses écarts de fabrication, un assemblage hyperstatique peut soit présenter des interférences de montage, soit être assemblé avec jeu. Dans ces travaux de thèse, nous avons appliqué la méthode des polytopes afin de détecter les interférences de montage. Pour un assemblage donné, le polytope résultant du mécanisme est calculé. Si ce polytope est non vide, l’assemblage ne présente pas d’interférence. Si ce polytope est vide, l’assemblage présente des interférences de montage. En fonction du résultat obtenu, deux méthodes d’analyse distinctes sont proposées.Si l’assemblage est réalisable sans interférence le polytope résultant du mécanisme permet de conclure sur sa conformité au regard de l’exigence fonctionnelle. Si l’assemblage présente des interférences de montage, une analyse prenant en compte la raideur des pièces est réalisée. Cette approche est basée sur une réduction de modèle avec des super-éléments. Elle permet de déterminer rapidement l’état d’équilibre du système après assemblage. Un effort de montage est ensuite estimé à partir de ces résultats pour conclure sur la faisabilité de l’assemblage. Si l’assemblage est déclaré réalisable, la propagation des déformations dans les pièces est caractérisée pour vérifier la conformité du système au regard de l’exigence fonctionnelle.La rapidité de mise en oeuvre de ces calculs nous permet de réaliser des analyses de tolérances statistiques par tirage de Monte Carlo pour estimer les probabilités de montage et de respect d’une Condition Fonctionnelle. / Over-constrained mechanisms are often used in industries to ensure a good mechanical strength and a good robustness to manufacturing deviations of parts. The tolerance analysis of such assemblies is difficult to implement.Indeed, depending on the geometrical deviations of parts, over-constrained mechanisms can have assembly interferences. In this work, we used the polytope method to check whether the assembly has interferences or not. For each assembly, the resulting polytope of the mechanism is computed. If it is non empty, the assembly can be performed without interference. If not, there is interferences in the assembly. According to the result, two different methods can be implemented.For an assembly without interference, the resulting polytope enables to check directly its compliance. For an assembly with interferences, a study taking into account the stiffness of the parts is undertaken. This approach uses a model reduction with super elements. It enables to compute quickly the assembly with deformation. Then, an assembly load is computed to conclude on its feasibility. Finally, the spreading of deformation through the parts is calculated to check the compliance of the mechanism.The short computational time enables to perform stochastic tolerance analyses in order to provide the rates of compliant assemblies.

Esta tese procura compreender de que modo a elaboração modernista da colagem e da montagem no romance Manhattan Transfer, de John Dos Passos, expressa e ilumina processos sociais e políticos de seu tempo. Publicada em 1925, essa obra é a primeira a investigar as transformações pelas quais passava Nova York, desde a virada do século XX até o início dos anos 1920, por meio de uma experimentação formal então única na literatura dos Estados Unidos. Além disso, defende-se a especificidade do romance de 1925, o qual não seria apenas uma preparação para a trilogia U.S.A. (1930-1936), mas configuraria um retrato singular do espírito de sua época. A sua forma se revelaria, então, não ruptura, mas continuidade do projeto realista de interpretação da sociedade. Propõe-se igualmente desenvolver uma discussão sobre a complexa interação entre modernismo e cultura periférica no começo dos anos 1920, com base em certa tradição da crítica literária brasileira (da qual os grandes nomes são Antonio Candido e Roberto Schwarz) atenta às relações contraditórias entre o processo de modernização e a forma literária. Nesse sentido, busca-se entender de que maneira a cultura dessa ex-colônia refletiu, pela obra de Dos Passos, sobre a sua própria condição periférica no período em que os Estados Unidos cresciam como potência econômica e militar. Por fim, procura-se mostrar como Manhattan Transfer foi capaz de formular literariamente e tornar visíveis os nexos na época, nada evidentes entre a urbanização de Nova York, a industrialização, a guerra e as novas tendências imperialistas que começavam a despontar. / This thesis looks at how the modernist use of collage and montage in John Dos Passos Manhattan Transfer expresses and sheds light upon the social and political processes of its time. Published in 1925, the book is the first to investigate the transformations undergoing New York from the turn of the 20th Century to the beginning of the 1920s by means of a formal experimentation hitherto unique in the literature of the United States. Moreover, this thesis argues for the specificity of the 1925 novel, which should not simply be understood as groundwork for the U.S.A trilogy (1930-1926), but rather as a singular depiction of the spirit of its time. Its form, accordingly, would prove to be not a break, but rather an unfolding of the realist project of interpretation of society. The complex interaction between modernism and peripheral culture in the early 1920s is likewise addressed here through a discussion based on a certain tradition of Brazilian literary criticism (featuring, among its major authors, Antonio Candido and Roberto Schwarz) particularly attentive to the contradictory relations between the process of modernization and the shifts in literary form. In this regard, the analysis carried out seeks to grasp in what way the culture of this former colony reflected, though the work of Dos Passos, on its own peripheral condition during the period marked by the rise of the United States as an economic and military power. Lastly, this thesis aims to show how Manhattan Transfer was able to formulate literarily and render visible the links far from evident, at the time connecting the urbanization of New York, the process of industrialization and the new imperialist tendencies that were beginning to emerge.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcela Costa Lima Kuhn.pdf: 427250 bytes, checksum: de426ae47fa069d54c50570f93512ca5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This Master's thesis intends to understand Alfred Döblin's novel Berlin Alexanderplatz through Walter Benjamin's critic analysis. In order to do so, it will scrutinize the concepts of novel, experience, montage, choc and epic thought by both authors, and also by their main influences, namely, Lukács and Brecht. The aspects of the montage on the actual novel will be deeply considered, mainly because Benjamin points out in an essay about Döblin's novel, named Krisis des Romans that the montage is one of the most relevant aspects the novel delivers to German literature on the Weimar republic period. It will also be presented the changes the Grosstadt shapes into the 20th century subjects and therefore into the novels they write and read, in particular, Berlin Alexanderplatz. And finally, an investigation regarding the political relations between both authors / Esta dissertação de mestrado pretende compreender o romance de Alfred Döblin, Berlin Alexanderplatz, através da análise crítica de Walter Benjamin. Para tanto, serão escrutinados os conceitos de romance, experiência, montagem, choque e épica elaborados por ambos os autores e também por suas principais influências, nomeadamente, Lukács e Brecht. Os aspectos da montagem no romance Berlin Alexanderplatz serão considerados em pormenores, principalmente por que Benjamin indica, em um ensaio sobre o romance de Döblin chamado Krisis des Romans , que a montagem é um dos aspectos mais relevantes que o romance à literatura alemã no período que compreende a República de Weimar. Também serão apresentadas a mudanças que a Grosstadt traz aos sujeitos do século XX e por consequência às novelas que estes leem e escrevem, em especial, Berlin Alexanderplatz. E finalmente, será feita uma investigação acerca das relações políticas de ambos autores

Dans une époque qui manifeste une exacerbation de la représentation de soi (àtravers les réseaux sociaux notamment), notre objet d'étude propose uneréflexion sur la mémoire et la reconstruction d'histoires dans les pratiquesartistiques. Utilisant comme point de départ une production photographiquepersonnelle (Reprises), nous proposons une articulation entre théorie etcréation, dans une dialectique qui part de l'analyse des oeuvres personnelles,pour établir un dialogue avec des théoriciens et des oeuvres contemporainestraitant ces problématiques. Dans ce type de démarches rétrospectives quiréinterprètent le passé, les artistes travaillent à partir des traces matérielles etmnésiques, telles les images d'albums de famille, les archives, les documents oules témoignages. Mêlant des univers esthétiques différents dans une nouvelleunité, ils font coexister leurs propres images avec des sources existantes, des viesdisparues avec leurs propres existences. Leurs oeuvres deviennent alors unerecréation artistique et postulent un espace narratif singulier qui évoque unepoétique de la mémoire. Partielles et fragmentaires, elles donnent à voir unrécit reconfiguré par l'imaginaire et le montage. Elles dépassent le champstrictement photographique et ouvrent leur langage au dialogue avec les autresarts, prenant la forme d'oeuvres hybrides. Quelle relation établir entre mémoire,reconstruction et identité, entre histoire individuelle et histoire collective ? Si lepassé est métamorphosé, comment le reconstruire ? / In a time of exacerbation of the self-representation (through the socialnetworks, among other things), our subject of study proposes a reflection onmemory and the reconstruction of histories in the artistic practices. Using as astarting point a personal photographical work (Reprises), we propose a linkbetween theory and creation, in a dialectic that starts from the analysis ofpersonal works, to establish a dialogue with theorists and contemporaryartworks dealing with these issues. In this kind of retrospective approaches thatreinterpret the past, the artists work from the material and memory traces, suchas the images of family albums, archives, documents, or testimonies. Mixingdifferent esthetical universes in a new unity, they make coexist their ownimages with existing sources, disappeared lives with their own existences. Theirworks thus become a artistic re-creation and postulate a special narrative spacewhich evokes a poetics of the memory. Partial and fragmentary, they show anarrative reconfigured by the imaginary and the editing. They exceed thestrictly photographical field and open their language to the dialogue with otherarts, taking the form of hybrid artworks. What relation can be set betweenmemory, reconstruction and identity, between individual and collectivehistory ? If the past is being transformed, how to rebuild it ?

<p>Emhart Glass is the world’s leading manufacturer of equipment, controls and components to the glass container industry. The goal of this project has been to identify improvements and propose cost saving solutions when moving one of Emhart Glass work cells in Sundsvall. The changes shall result in improved work environment and increased product quality. The method contains value stream mapping, concept selection and P-FMEA and complies with Emhart Glass goal to become a more Lean focused business. The way of working with Lean Production is to systematically decrease waste and focus on value added activities. The improvements in the work environment areas consider physical, ergonomic and psychosocial aspects. Concepts for supply of material and assembly process were created from the results of the observation study and the value steam mapping. After evaluation of the concepts, kitting and assembly with one piece flow appears to be the most qualified concepts. Kitting and one piece flow leads to increased quality, improved work environment and reduced cycle time. Results from tests made with prototypes of assembly pallets gave valuable insights that helped refining the concepts. A risk analysis was made in form of aP-FMEA and it showed a critical failure mode that required action. Kitting was identified as a possible action to the critical failure mode, which strengthens the concept of kitting as a preferred method. The project also resulted in a layout which improves the work environment and renders the possibility of one piece flow assembly. In order to meet future requirements with decreased cycle times, Emhart Glass isrecommended to standardize kitting in pallets for all their work cells and develop their internal transport system with a time based truck transport process.</p> / <p>Emhart Glass är världsledande inom tillverkning av utrustning, kontrollsystem och delar till glasindustrin. I Sundsvall sker montering av glasformningsmaskiner och mekanismer. Målet med projektet har varit att i samband med flytt av en av Emhart Glass montageceller identifiera förbättrings­möjligheter och ge förslag till kostnads­besparande lösningar som leder till bättre arbetsmiljö och högre kvalitet. Metoden har följt Emhart Glass arbete mot en mer Lean-inriktad verksamhet och innehåller verktyg som värdeflödes­analys, konceptval och P-FMEA. Lean Produktion kan översättas till smal eller resurssnål produktion och syftar till att systematiskt minska slöseri samt sätta fokus på de värdeskapande aktiviteterna. Arbetsmiljömässigt behandlar rapporten de fysikaliska, ergonomiska och psykosociala aspekterna. Utifrån resultatet av observationsstudien och värdeflödesanalysen skapades koncept för materialförsörjning och montering. Att kitta materialet till cellen och montera i enstycksflöde var de koncept som efter utvärdering framstod som kvalificerade lösningar. Kittning och enstycksflöde leder bland annat till högre kvalitet, bättre arbetsmiljö och reducerad genomloppstid. Test genomfördes med prototyper till montagepaletter vilket resulterade i fler värdefulla insikter. En riskanalys i form av en P-FMEA genomfördes på material­försörjnings­processen. Felorsakerna talade ytterligare för att kittning är en bra lösning eftersom det är en process som kan appliceras som åtgärd till kritiska felsätt. Projektet har också lett fram till en layout där flödesmontering möjliggörs och en process där det termiska klimatet, ergonomin och montörernas egenkontroll i arbetet förbättras. För att möta framtidens krav med kortare genomloppstider ges förslag till att standardisera kittning i paletter för samtliga montage och bygga ut de interna trucktransporterna med ett taktat system för hämtning och avlämning av gods.</p>

Emhart Glass is the world’s leading manufacturer of equipment, controls and components to the glass container industry. The goal of this project has been to identify improvements and propose cost saving solutions when moving one of Emhart Glass work cells in Sundsvall. The changes shall result in improved work environment and increased product quality. The method contains value stream mapping, concept selection and P-FMEA and complies with Emhart Glass goal to become a more Lean focused business. The way of working with Lean Production is to systematically decrease waste and focus on value added activities. The improvements in the work environment areas consider physical, ergonomic and psychosocial aspects. Concepts for supply of material and assembly process were created from the results of the observation study and the value steam mapping. After evaluation of the concepts, kitting and assembly with one piece flow appears to be the most qualified concepts. Kitting and one piece flow leads to increased quality, improved work environment and reduced cycle time. Results from tests made with prototypes of assembly pallets gave valuable insights that helped refining the concepts. A risk analysis was made in form of aP-FMEA and it showed a critical failure mode that required action. Kitting was identified as a possible action to the critical failure mode, which strengthens the concept of kitting as a preferred method. The project also resulted in a layout which improves the work environment and renders the possibility of one piece flow assembly. In order to meet future requirements with decreased cycle times, Emhart Glass isrecommended to standardize kitting in pallets for all their work cells and develop their internal transport system with a time based truck transport process. / Emhart Glass är världsledande inom tillverkning av utrustning, kontrollsystem och delar till glasindustrin. I Sundsvall sker montering av glasformningsmaskiner och mekanismer. Målet med projektet har varit att i samband med flytt av en av Emhart Glass montageceller identifiera förbättrings­möjligheter och ge förslag till kostnads­besparande lösningar som leder till bättre arbetsmiljö och högre kvalitet. Metoden har följt Emhart Glass arbete mot en mer Lean-inriktad verksamhet och innehåller verktyg som värdeflödes­analys, konceptval och P-FMEA. Lean Produktion kan översättas till smal eller resurssnål produktion och syftar till att systematiskt minska slöseri samt sätta fokus på de värdeskapande aktiviteterna. Arbetsmiljömässigt behandlar rapporten de fysikaliska, ergonomiska och psykosociala aspekterna. Utifrån resultatet av observationsstudien och värdeflödesanalysen skapades koncept för materialförsörjning och montering. Att kitta materialet till cellen och montera i enstycksflöde var de koncept som efter utvärdering framstod som kvalificerade lösningar. Kittning och enstycksflöde leder bland annat till högre kvalitet, bättre arbetsmiljö och reducerad genomloppstid. Test genomfördes med prototyper till montagepaletter vilket resulterade i fler värdefulla insikter. En riskanalys i form av en P-FMEA genomfördes på material­försörjnings­processen. Felorsakerna talade ytterligare för att kittning är en bra lösning eftersom det är en process som kan appliceras som åtgärd till kritiska felsätt. Projektet har också lett fram till en layout där flödesmontering möjliggörs och en process där det termiska klimatet, ergonomin och montörernas egenkontroll i arbetet förbättras. För att möta framtidens krav med kortare genomloppstider ges förslag till att standardisera kittning i paletter för samtliga montage och bygga ut de interna trucktransporterna med ett taktat system för hämtning och avlämning av gods.

The relation between architecture and cinema has begun with the first steps of the technology of moving images at the beginning of the 20th century and it has continued progressively until now by importing various intellectual, representational, and practical devices from each other in order to reconfigure their own systems of knowledge. In this investigation, the fundamental elements of architectural design and principles of their organization are used in the field of cinema as a methodological tool to analyze the compositional features of narrative, mise-en scene and editing/montage. First of all, the end products of both domains are conceived as a form of composition, and in this respect, the compatibility of their design dynamics is examined. Secondly, the fundamental design elements and principles of both architecture and cinema are defined. Finally, in order to redefine the design process of a film and to reveal the existence of fundamental principles of architectural design in the process of filmmaking, a comprehensive and comparative analysis is made between the two fields.

Ce mémoire de thèse est composé de deux parties. La première présente les récents résultats concernant les gaz de Bose bidimensionnels (2D). Dans un gaz de Bose 2D homogène avec interactions, malgré l'absence de condensat de Bose-Einstein à température non nulle, une transition entre une phase normale et une phase superfluide a été prédite par Berezinskii, Kosterlitz et Thouless. Notre expérience a consisté à étudier cette transition pour un gaz d'atomes dans un piège harmonique. Pour cela, nous avons coupé un condensat de Bose-Einstein tridimensionnel en deux nuages 2D indépendants. Nous avons étudié à la fois la perte de la quasi-cohérence du système au dessus d'une température critique et la prolifération de vortex libres issus de la brisure des paires vortex/antivortex présentes dans la phase quasi-cohérente. La coïncidence entre ces deux phénomènes est typique de la transition prévue par Kosterlitz et Thouless. La seconde partie concerne la conception et la réalisation d'une nouvelle expérience de condensation de Bose-Einstein. Les dix années d'expérience depuis la création du premier condensat d'atomes froids ont été mises à profit pour construire un montage simple et robuste. La particularité principale de ce montage est la mise en œuvre d'un transport magnétique permettant aux atomes de voyager entre deux chambres distinctes, la seconde autorisant un excellent accès optique.