Detta examensarbete har genomförts på Schenker Logistics AB där målsättningen har varit att analysera den nuvarande returprocessen och därefter presentera eventuella förbättringsförslag. Den information som ligger till grund för resultatet av detta arbete har införskaffats via observationer och intervjuer med de personer som arbetar i returprocessen. Analysen som utfördes resulterade i att ett flertal brister kunde identifieras i returprocessen. Alla dessa brister bidrog till att komplikationer uppstod vid returhanteringen av gods på Schenker Logistics AB. Några exempel på brister som identifierades är att gods som var i godkänt fysiskt skick, returnerades till Schenker Logistics AB utan angiven orsak till returleveransen. Dessutom dokumenterades inte skadeorsaker hos någon part i försörjningskedjan, vilket bidrog till att Schenker Logistics AB var ovetande om skadans uppkomst samt vem/vad som bidrog till att skadan uppstod. Ytterligare brister som kunde identifieras i returprocessen är att fraktsedlar med ett specifikt nummer ofta försvann, fraktsedlar som är synnerligen viktiga för att Schenker Logistics AB ska kunna hantera returgodset. Vidare identifierades brister i form av omotiverat antal hanteringsställen av returgodset både internt på Schenker Logistics AB men även externt. Detta utgör en risk till att returgodset kommer i kontakt med vanligt gods, men även att det kan uppstå fysiska skador på både returgodset och det vanliga godset. Utöver dessa brister finns det några fler som omnämns och förklaras mer i rapporten. De förbättringsförslag som presenteras i denna rapport innefattar förändringar som kan leda till att returprocessen på Schenker Logistics AB, men även i hela försörjningskedjan, blir mer kontrollerad och hållbar jämfört mot dagens situation. Förutom en halvering av antalet scenarier som uppstår på Schenker Logistics vid mottagandet av returgods, kan dessa förändringar även bidra till kostnadsbesparingar i form av hanteringskostnader och administrativa kostnader hos både Schenker Logistics AB och deras kund Shell. / This examination report has been carried out at Schenker Logistics AB where the objective has been to analyze the current return process and then to present possible improvements. In order to analyze the return process there was a necessity to obtain information of the present situation. The information has been acquired through observations and interviews with persons that work in the return process. The information that was obtained made it possible to analyze the return process. The analysis that was carried out resulted in identification of several shortcomings in the return process. Every of these shortcomings contributed to complications with handling of returns at Schenker Logistics AB. An example of a shortcoming that was identified is that undamaged goods were returned to Schenker Logistics AB without specified reason for the return delivery. Moreover, there was lack of documentation of damaged goods, which contributed that Schenker Logistics AB was unaware of what causes the damages. Additional shortcoming that could be identified in the return process is that waybills with a specific number often disappeared; waybills which are highly important to Schenker Logistics AB in order to handle the returned goods. Furthermore, several unjustified transportations of the return goods took place both internally at Schenker Logistics AB but also externally. This was a risk as the return goods could come in contact with ordinary goods; but also that it could contribute to physical damages on both the return goods and the ordinary goods. In addition to these shortcomings some more is mentioned and explained further in this report. The proposed improvements presented in this report include changes which can highly improve the return process at Schenker Logistics AB, but also in the entire supply-chain. The return process would most likely, after an implementation of the improvements, become more controlled and sustainable compared to today's situation. These improvement proposals can reduce the number of scenarios by half, scenarios that arise at Schenker Logistics AB when receiving the return goods. These changes can also contribute to saving in costs, in form of handling costs and administrative costs, at both Schenker Logistics AB and their customer Shell.

Most companies have a bottleneck in their production, that is a constraining re-source. When the demand is higher than the capacity in the constraining resource it is impossible to produce the demanded output. This problem leads to delayed deliveries, unhappy customers and ultimately to decreased revenue. Bottlenecks therefore has a significant role in production and must be handled thereof.MW Power in Sävsjö, Sweden designs and manufactures water and steam boilers for the customer's unique needs. MW Power invested in a new plasma cutting ma-chine but the machine has not reached the expected capacity. The capacity prob-lem is due to time consuming set-up times, machine care and material supply which makes the plasma cutting machines utilization rate 37.5 %.The study’s purpose aims to maximize the material flow through the plasma cut-ting machine. In order to answer the purpose, two thesis questions are used: “How can increased machine time in the plasma cutting machine be achieved?” and “How can the ma-terial flow to and from the plasma cutting machine be improved so that the actual capacity can be increased?”To answer the thesis questions, the study had a deductive approach in which ex-isting theories has been applied to real life case.In order to streamline the plasma cutting machine and the processes directly re-lated to it, the material flow upstream, the material flow through and the material flow downstream of the plasma cutting machine has been mapped and analyzed. In order to maximize the flow of material through the plasma cutting machine, setup times must be reduced to increase the capacity.The plasma cutting machine requires maintenance by the operator at regular basis where the nozzles and other consumables in the plasma cutting machine burner must be replaced. A SMED-analysis has been undertaken which shows that the internal set-up operations should be converted to external set-up operations. Re-placement of nozzles and consumables should be an external set-up operation and this can be achieved by purchasing more burners.The plasma cutting machine also has access to unmanned production which will be able to increase the capacity, since it can be running after hours.The material flow upstream and downstream must be improved through better planning of cutting orders and with a more efficient return flow. Prioritizing mate-rial supply to the constraining resource is crucial to secure that material shortages do not occur in the plasma cutting machine.If the study proposed measures are implemented, the material flow through the plasma cutting machine will be maximized. / De flesta företag har en flaskhals i sin produktion, alltså en begränsande resurs. När efterfrågan är större än kapaciteten hos den begränsande resursen kan den mängd output som efterfrågas ej levereras. Detta leder till försenade leveranser, missnöjda kunder och i förlängningen till minskade intäkter. Flaskhalsar har därför en betydande roll inom produktion och måste därför hanteras.Företaget MW Power i Sävsjö konstruerar och tillverkar kundanpassade ång- och hetvattenpannor. Företaget har investerat i en ny plasmaskärmaskin som inte har nått förväntad kapacitet. Problemen är bl.a. att ställ, maskinvård och materialtill-försel tar lång tid vilket gör att plasmaskärmaskinens utnyttjandegrad endast är 37,5 %.Syftet med studien är att maximera materialflödet genom plasmaskärmaskinen. För att uppfylla syftet kan detta brytas ner i två problemfrågor. Dessa är; Hur kan maskintiden i plasmaskärmaskinen ökas? samt Hur kan materialflödet till och från plasma-skärmaskinen förbättras så att utnyttjandet av den verkliga kapaciteten ökas?För att svara på problemfrågorna har studien haft en deduktiv ansats där befintliga teorier genom litteraturstudier tagits fram för att sedan applicerats på verkligheten.För att kunna effektivisera plasmaskärmaskinen och processer direkt anknutna till denna har materialflödet uppströms, materialflödet genom och materialflödet ned-ströms från plasmaskärmaskinen kartlagts och analyserats.För att maximera materialflödet genom plasmaskärmaskinen måste ställtider minskas för att kunna öka utnyttjandegraden och därmed nyttokapaciteten.Plasmaskärmaskinen kräver underhåll av operatören vid jämna mellanrum där munstycken och andra slitagedelar i plasmaskärmaskinens brännare måste bytas ut. En SMED-analys har genomförts där det framgår att interna ställ bör göras om till externa ställ. Byte av munstycken och andra slitagedelar är idag ett internt ställ vilket kan göras om till ett externt ställ genom att köpa in fler brännare.Plasmaskärmaskinen har även tillgång till obemannad styrning vilket kommer kunna öka nyttokapaciteten eftersom den då kan vara igång utanför ordinarie ar-betstid.Materialflödet uppströms och nedströms måste effektiviseras genom bättre plane-ring av skärordrar och ett effektivare och minskat returflöde samt genom att prio-ritera materialtillförseln så att materialbrist ej uppstår i plasmaskärmaskinen.Om studien föreslagna åtgärder genomförs kommer materialflödet genom plasma-skärmaskinen att maximeras.

<p>Detta examensarbete har genomförts på Schenker Logistics AB där målsättningen har varit att analysera den nuvarande returprocessen och därefter presentera eventuella förbättringsförslag.</p><p>Den information som ligger till grund för resultatet av detta arbete har införskaffats via observationer och intervjuer med de personer som arbetar i returprocessen.</p><p>Analysen som utfördes resulterade i att ett flertal brister kunde identifieras i returprocessen. Alla dessa brister bidrog till att komplikationer uppstod vid returhanteringen av gods på Schenker Logistics AB. Några exempel på brister som identifierades är att gods som var i godkänt fysiskt skick, returnerades till Schenker Logistics AB utan angiven orsak till returleveransen. Dessutom dokumenterades inte skadeorsaker hos någon part i försörjningskedjan, vilket bidrog till att Schenker Logistics AB var ovetande om skadans uppkomst samt vem/vad som bidrog till att skadan uppstod. Ytterligare brister som kunde identifieras i returprocessen är att fraktsedlar med ett specifikt nummer ofta försvann, fraktsedlar som är synnerligen viktiga för att Schenker Logistics AB ska kunna hantera returgodset. Vidare identifierades brister i form av omotiverat antal hanteringsställen av returgodset både internt på Schenker Logistics AB men även externt. Detta utgör en risk till att returgodset kommer i kontakt med vanligt gods, men även att det kan uppstå fysiska skador på både returgodset och det vanliga godset. Utöver dessa brister finns det några fler som omnämns och förklaras mer i rapporten.</p><p>De förbättringsförslag som presenteras i denna rapport innefattar förändringar som kan leda till att returprocessen på Schenker Logistics AB, men även i hela försörjningskedjan, blir mer kontrollerad och hållbar jämfört mot dagens situation. Förutom en halvering av antalet scenarier som uppstår på Schenker Logistics vid mottagandet av returgods, kan dessa förändringar även bidra till kostnadsbesparingar i form av hanteringskostnader och administrativa kostnader hos både Schenker Logistics AB och deras kund Shell.</p> / <p>This examination report has been carried out at Schenker Logistics AB where the objective has been to analyze the current return process and then to present possible improvements.</p><p>In order to analyze the return process there was a necessity to obtain information of the present situation. The information has been acquired through observations and interviews with persons that work in the return process. The information that was obtained made it possible to analyze the return process.</p><p>The analysis that was carried out resulted in identification of several shortcomings in the return process. Every of these shortcomings contributed to complications with handling of returns at Schenker Logistics AB. An example of a shortcoming that was identified is that undamaged goods were returned to Schenker Logistics AB without specified reason for the return delivery. Moreover, there was lack of documentation of damaged goods, which contributed that Schenker Logistics AB was unaware of what causes the damages. Additional shortcoming that could be identified in the return process is that waybills with a specific number often disappeared; waybills which are highly important to Schenker Logistics AB in order to handle the returned goods. Furthermore, several unjustified transportations of the return goods took place both internally at Schenker Logistics AB but also externally. This was a risk as the return goods could come in contact with ordinary goods; but also that it could contribute to physical damages on both the return goods and the ordinary goods. In addition to these shortcomings some more is mentioned and explained further in this report.</p><p>The proposed improvements presented in this report include changes which can highly improve the return process at Schenker Logistics AB, but also in the entire supply-chain. The return process would most likely, after an implementation of the improvements, become more controlled and sustainable compared to today's situation. These improvement proposals can reduce the number of scenarios by half, scenarios that arise at Schenker Logistics AB when receiving the return goods. These changes can also contribute to saving in costs, in form of handling costs and administrative costs, at both Schenker Logistics AB and their customer Shell.</p>

Geschäftsprozesse im Verwaltungs- und Dienstleistungsbereich werden häufig durch den Eingang von Dokumenten angestoßen. Hierfür ist es unerlässlich, dass sie den richtigen Mitarbeiter im Unternehmen oder der Organisation erreichen. Oftmals sind jedoch dem externen Sender die internen Organisationsstrukturen nicht klar, so dass eine zentrale Stelle angeschrieben wird. Diese muss dann das Dokument, basierend auf seinem Inhalt, an die zuständigen Kollegen weiterleiten. Dies kann beträchtlichen personellen Aufwand mit sich bringen. In der Forschungsarbeit wird ein System entwickelt, das diese Aufgabe maschinell erfüllen soll. Hierzu werden verschiedenartige Klassifikationsverfahren erprobt und hinsichtlich ihrer Verlässlichkeit beurteilt. Weiterhin werden Verbesserungen gegenüber gängigen maschinellen Verfahren angestrebt.

The application of the wrinkle measuring method described in Müller et al. (2017) and the subsequent evaluation algorithm of a range of deep-drawn samples were used to determine the influences and interdependencies of blankholder force, tool temperatures, and drawing height on the formation of wrinkles in paperboard. The main influences were identified and quantitatively evaluated. For the given experimental space, a regression function was derived and validated in further experiments. It was shown that a quadratic regression was superior to the previously used linear regression. The findings were discussed and compared with the results of similar experiments from past publications. Special attention was given to the wrinkles formed and the resulting quality of the formed paperboard cups. The restrictions of the data acquisition from the measuring method that was used and limitations of the model were presented to demonstrate the reliability of the results.

[pt] Sepse é considerada uma carga na saúde e na economia global. No Brasil, a sepse é a principal causa de morte em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, bem como uma das principais causas de mortalidade hospitalar tardia. Nesta tese, inicialmente apresenta-se um relatório epidemiológico brasileiro de sepse contemplando 10 anos utilizando dados do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Em seguida, mostra-se um estudo que apoia os estabelecimentos de saúde na avaliação e otimização de seus protocolos clínicos de sepse usando técnicas de mineração de processos. Um protocolo clínico consiste em um plano de cuidados bem definido, que inclui uma ordem clara e tempo para a execução de intervenções com resultados esperados. Durante a execução deste estudo, identificou-se a falta de técnicas de mineração de processos para a otimização de protocolos clínicos. Assim, neste trabalho foi proposta, implementada e testada uma nova técnica de mineração de processos que auxilia usuários na otimização de seus processos. Esta técnica foi aplicada para a melhoria de protocolos clínicos. A técnica desenvolvida (Multi-CAT) identifica e destaca um conjunto de atividades e subsequências que promovem resultados positivos ou negativos, considerando múltiplos critérios simultâneos. A técnica foi aplicada com sucesso em um protocolo clínico de sepse, na qual foram adquiridas mais recomendações de otimização do que foi previamente obtido em análise manual. Conclui-se que a técnica desenvolvida apresenta grande potencial para auxiliar na otimização de processos com bom desempenho. No cenário de testes mais complexo, com 58 atividades, 50.000 casos e 14.451 variantes, Multi-CAT utilizou 2,04 minutos para executar a análise. Para finalizar, a ferramenta foi validada em dois processos distintos, indicando potencial para ser aplicada em outras áreas de negócio. / [en] Sepsis is considered a worldwide health and economic burden. In Brazil, sepsis is the major cause of death in Intensive Care Units, as well as, one of the main causes of late hospital mortality. In this thesis, we first provide a 10 years population-level epidemiology report of sepsis in Brazil, using data from the Brazilian Unified Health System. Secondly, we present a research study that supports health care facilities in the evaluation and optimization of their sepsis clinical pathways (CP) using process mining techniques. A CP consists of a well-defined care plan, which includes a clear order and time for the execution of interventions with expected outcomes. During the execution of this study, it became clear for us the lack of existing process mining techniques for the optimization of CPs. Thus, we proposed, implemented and tested a novel process mining technique that supports users to improve their processes and we applied it for CP improvement. Our developed technique (Multi-CAT) identifies and highlights a set of activities and sub-sequences that provide positive or negative outcomes considering multiple simultaneous criteria. We successfully applied our technique in a real sepsis CP, and we acquired more optimization insights that we got in our previous manual analysis. We conclude that Multi-CAT has high potential to help in the optimization of processes with a good performance. In the most complex test scenario, with 58 activities, 50,000 cases and 14,451 variants, Multi-CAT took 2.04 minutes to execute the analysis. Finally, the tool was validated in two different processes, indicating potential capability to be applicable to other business areas.

The aim was to analyze processes selected SMEs (small and medium enterprises) and to suggest possible improvements in the selection processes. In the initial stage, I deal with study of professional literature Czech and foreign authors. I used the information to write a review of the literature. The Part of my work is devoted to the description of the company and also describe the key processes. The findings gave me the possibility of a comprehensive perspective on the issue and used to create a design of the possible improvements in selected processes.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:56:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4341.pdf: 3523829 bytes, checksum: c8f8e2af0018506bb783b5898011090f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-29 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / Fructose (C6H12O6) is a monosaccharide with increasing industrial interest, and with some advantages over other sugars, facts that have motivated many studies about its production from its aqueous solution, by crystallization. Fructose crystallization occurs, in general, with the addition of ethanol as anti-solvent, aiming the reduction of its solubility and metastable zone width. Addition of ethanol makes feasible fructose crystallization, however, generates other negative factors to the process, as economically, because of its cost, as environmentally, because of the generation of the mother-liquor as a highly concentrate ethanol residue. These factors motivated the study of separation and reuse of the mother-liquor, recycling both ethanol and the diluted solution of non-crystallized fructose back to the process. Besides, the process was integrated into the calcium gluconate enzymatic production, through the reuse of its byproduct as raw material of the process of this work. Because of the absent of experimental data in literature, some methods of calculation of the vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) of the ternary solution were tested and compared, providing the choice of some of them to determine the equilibrium data. The method which obtained the best results was the AUNIFAC, and this method was used to provide the energy calculations of the process, by the evaporation and distillation temperature calculations. The cost of energy together with the replaced ethanol, were used to determine the operational cost, allowing the comparison of different operational conditions of the global process. With temperatures above 100°C in laboratorial experiments, the solution became yellow, a behavior of fructose caramelisation. It can occur because of the thermal degradation of fructose producing hydroxymethylfurfural and it prejudices the crystallization process. Because of it, it is necessary to avoid temperatures above 100°C. Finally, the integrated process made feasible crystalline fructose production by crystallization. / A frutose (C6H12O6) é um monossacarídeo com crescente interesse industrial e algumas vantagens quando comparado a outros açúcares, fatos que tem motivado estudos de sua produção a partir da solução aquosa, via cristalização. A cristalização de frutose ocorre, comumente, com a adição de etanol como antissolvente, visando a diminuição de sua solubilidade e da largura da zona metaestável. A adição de etanol à solução viabiliza a cristalização, entretanto, gera fatores negativos ao processo, tanto economicamente, por agregar custo ao processo, quanto ambientalmente, pela geração do licor-mãe como um resíduo altamente concentrado em etanol. Tais fatores motivaram o estudo de um processo integrado com separação, via destilação, e reuso do licor-mãe da cristalização, reaproveitando tanto o etanol quanto a solução aquosa diluída de frutose não cristalizada. O processo foi integrado também ao processo produtivo de gluconato de cálcio, utilizando como matéria-prima um subproduto de tal processo. No estudo da destilação da solução ternária, devido à ausência de dados de equilíbrio líquido-vapor (ELV) na literatura, foram estudados métodos de obtenção do equilíbrio, métodos estes que foram testados e comparados para avaliação da possibilidade de utilização dos mesmos. O método que obteve melhores resultados, o A-UNIFAC, foi utilizado nos cálculos das temperaturas das operações de evaporação e destilação, possibilitando os cálculos das energias envolvidas no processo via balanços de energia. Tais energias, bem como o etanol reposto no processo, foram utilizadas para determinação do custo de operação da planta, possibilitando a comparação de diferentes de operação do processo. A partir de ensaios em laboratório, notou-se a formação de cor amarelada, característica de caramelização da frutose em temperaturas acima de 100°C. Tal característica pode ter ocorrido pela desidratação da frutose formando o hidroximetilfurfural e mostrou-se prejudicial à cristalização sendo necessário, portanto, evitar temperaturas acima de 100°C em todo o processo. O processo integrado viabilizou a produção de frutose cristalina por cristalização.

The work deals with Process Management and its influence on efficiency and productivity of companies. By remodeling of processes, it is possible to ensure more fluent and easier production. An essential tool for labour analysis was Structured Process Analysis.

Neste trabalho, foi estudado o desempenho de um sistema constituído de torres de resfriamento e a sua integração em uma planta industrial de hidrogenação de butadieno. Caracterizou-se o desempenho das torres de resfriamento com base em um modelo fenomenológico, cujos parâmetros foram obtidos a partir da medição de variáveis operacionais reais. O processo de hidrogenação foi configurado em um simulador de processos, sendo o caso base estabelecido nas condições de projeto. Elaborou-se um módulo específico referente às torres de resfriamento, que foi integrado ao processo configurado no simulador. Em seguida, analisaram-se as interações das condições operacionais da torre de resfriamento no desempenho do processo industrial. / In the present work, the performance of a system composed of a cooling tower integrated in butadiene hydrogenation plant was studied. An experimental investigation was made to characterize the cooling towers based on a phenomenological model and in real process conditions. The hydrogenation process was configured on a process simulator and design specifications were considered as base case. A cooling tower module was developed and integrated to the process simulator. The interaction of the cooling tower system and the plant operation was investigated.