Thirty-six randomly selected and assigned, ninth grade, high school students participated in this study which was designed to examine the Impact of a summarization strategy on the comprehension performance of average readers under varied text pattern conditions. The strategy consisted of two phases. Phase I, called BACCA, included the processing steps of brainstorming, accuracy check and arrangement, completing, correcting, and adding. Phase II, DIGC, included the rules of deletion, invention, generalization, and combining to construct the summary. While the treatment group received Instruction with the summarization strategy, a control group received Instruction in question answering but no direct Instruction in summary writing. Results from a two-way analysis of variance conducted on comprehension performance indicated that a significant difference existed between the two treatment groups with regard to total comprehension scores. Differential performance was revealed for the selected text patterns. Performances on chronological and compare contrast passages were not significantly different between the treatment and control, while on the cause-effect passage, a significant difference was revealed In favor of the summarization group. For the naturally occurring text there was a significant interaction effect for treatment by time. Qualitative analysis revealed a difference in the quality of written summaries with regard to the number of main ideas, details produced, accuracy in reporting the content of the passage, and completeness of the writings favoring the treatment group. Finally, an attitude survey reflected positive opinions by the participants toward both conditions. / Ed. D.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the literacy environment at home, at school and in the community and the development of voluntary reading and thus a reading habit. This research is relevant as there is an alarming drop out rate, poor matriculation results and low scores in reading performance tests in South African schools. Many factors and possible causes can contribute to this, but a major problem is the lack of a reading habit, low literacy levels and an environment that is not supportive of literacy. As a result, many children are still leaving school functionally illiterate. In order to develop a reading habit, learners must get maximum support and encouragement from their literacy environment, as children learn from what is going on around them. The major role players in the learner's literacy environment, are the home and family (microstructure), the school and teachers, and his community which includes libraries (macrostructure). A literature study on the foundations, contexts and practices of literacy, voluntary reading and environmental factors that affect reading provides the theoretical basis and a conceptual framework for this study. The research method used is a case study with the focus on a sample of learners from Grade 3 - 7 from schools in the Highveld Ridge and Gauteng East area. Due to budgetary and logistical constraints, rural areas are not included. The empirical survey investigates various aspects of the literacy environment. The survey method, with questionnaires for learners, teachers and headmasters, was used. Both quantitative and qualitative methods are used to generate data. The findings are that many learners experience difficulties which hinder the development of a reading habit, for example: schools and communities do not have libraries, or access to them is limited; appropriate reading materials are not available; or learners do not have access to them; multilingualism is a major problem in a country with eleven official languages, as many learners have to learn and teachers have to teach in a language other than their mother tongue; parents are not literate and cannot help their children; socio-economic conditions are not conductive to reading; there is a lack of support from governmental at various levels. Although findings in a case study cannot be generalised, certain conclusions and suggestions can guide teachers, parents and librarians to create a more supportive literacy environment to encourage voluntary reading. / Information Science / M.A. (Information Science)

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-08-22T12:12:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Amir Aparecido dos Santos Piedade.pdf: 3269191 bytes, checksum: 7d0d87e8430683a7d54f05b105ff002a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T12:12:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Amir Aparecido dos Santos Piedade.pdf: 3269191 bytes, checksum: 7d0d87e8430683a7d54f05b105ff002a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research analyses the PNBE Teacher – The National School Library Program – 2010 and 2013 editions that acquired books that included the theory and methodology, designed to support the teaching of public schools teachers and also to encourage school libraries. Created by the Ministry of Education, this program was part of the public educational policy developed during the governments of presidents Lula and Dilma in order to contribute on the continuing education of Basic Education teachers. With the purpose of knowing the program and its implications in the continuing education of teachers, we have investigated the constitution of the school libraries and the book programs destined to public schools. It was through interviewing teachers in some schools that we tried to identify who was the professional to whom the program was designed: their education background, reading habits, knowledge of the PNBE Teacher, use of the school library. The impact of this program on publishing market and on books produced by authors to attempt the specificities of the call publications was also analyzed / Esta pesquisa analisa o PNBE do Professor (Programa Nacional Biblioteca da Escola) – edição de 2010 e 2013 − que adquiriu livros que contemplassem a teoria e a metodologia, destinados a apoiar a docência dos professores da rede pública de ensino e também fomentar as bibliotecas escolares. Concebido pelo Ministério da Educação, esse programa fez parte da política pública de Educação desenvolvida nos governos do presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva e da presidente Dilma Rousseff para contribuir na formação continuada de professores da Educação Básica. Para conhecer o programa e suas implicações na formação continuada dos docentes, pesquisamos a constituição das bibliotecas escolares e os programas de livros destinados à escola pública. Por meio de pesquisas com professores em algumas instituições de ensino, procuramos identificar quem era o profissional ao qual se destinava o programa: a formação, o hábito de leitura; conhecimento do PNBE do Professor, o uso da biblioteca escolar. Também foi analisado o impacto do programa no mercado editorial e nos livros produzidos pelos autores para atender às especificidades dos editais

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the literacy environment at home, at school and in the community and the development of voluntary reading and thus a reading habit. This research is relevant as there is an alarming drop out rate, poor matriculation results and low scores in reading performance tests in South African schools. Many factors and possible causes can contribute to this, but a major problem is the lack of a reading habit, low literacy levels and an environment that is not supportive of literacy. As a result, many children are still leaving school functionally illiterate. In order to develop a reading habit, learners must get maximum support and encouragement from their literacy environment, as children learn from what is going on around them. The major role players in the learner's literacy environment, are the home and family (microstructure), the school and teachers, and his community which includes libraries (macrostructure). A literature study on the foundations, contexts and practices of literacy, voluntary reading and environmental factors that affect reading provides the theoretical basis and a conceptual framework for this study. The research method used is a case study with the focus on a sample of learners from Grade 3 - 7 from schools in the Highveld Ridge and Gauteng East area. Due to budgetary and logistical constraints, rural areas are not included. The empirical survey investigates various aspects of the literacy environment. The survey method, with questionnaires for learners, teachers and headmasters, was used. Both quantitative and qualitative methods are used to generate data. The findings are that many learners experience difficulties which hinder the development of a reading habit, for example: schools and communities do not have libraries, or access to them is limited; appropriate reading materials are not available; or learners do not have access to them; multilingualism is a major problem in a country with eleven official languages, as many learners have to learn and teachers have to teach in a language other than their mother tongue; parents are not literate and cannot help their children; socio-economic conditions are not conductive to reading; there is a lack of support from governmental at various levels. Although findings in a case study cannot be generalised, certain conclusions and suggestions can guide teachers, parents and librarians to create a more supportive literacy environment to encourage voluntary reading. / Information Science / M.A. (Information Science)

Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie är att undersöka vilka lässtrategier som tidigare forskning anser främjar mellanstadieelevers läsförståelse, samt om det finns lässtrategier som gynnar goda respektive svaga läsare. Studiens resultat bygger på 16 publikationer som har tagits fram genom databassökningar och manuella sökningar. Publikationerna har analyserats och kategoriserats in i olika scheman för att underlätta arbetsprocessen och möjliggöra ett så transparent resultat som möjligt. I resultatet framkommer ett flertal lässtrategier som visar god effekt för elevers läsförståelse. En stor del av forskningen baseras på lässtrategiprogram där enskilda lässtrategier är sammansatta och analyserade i en helhet. Forskning visar att såväl svaga som goda läsare är i behov av lässtrategiundervisning, samt att sådan undervisning bör bedrivas kontinuerligt under en längre tid. Många forskare betonar även vikten av att lärare bör modellera lässtrategier i undervisningen för att skapa en gynnsam undervisning samt att en god kännedom om sina elever är till stor fördel för både lärare och elever.

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This Bachelor’s thesis in Creative Writing examines how to use metaphors and poetic language in Easy Language/Easy Readers novels. The purpose is to find out how a poetic approach to Easy Language can contribute to a more artistic and literary way of writing, while still keeping in mind the target readers of the text. These readers often face challenges when it comes to reading texts written in standard language. The method includes an analysis of two Easy Language novels in Swedish, Vilhelm Moberg’s Sista brevet till Sverige retold by Johan Werkmäster and Det som inte får hända by Emma Frey-Skøtt, as well as experimentation with writing a new text. The conclusion is that there are many ways to use metaphors and poetic language without making the text more difficult. / <p>C-uppsats i Kreativt skrivande</p>

This study analyzes ten beginning-level, Spanish-language graded readers in an attempt to answer the question of how much vocabulary do students need to know before being able to successfully participate in an extensive reading program. The study also analyzes the vocabulary taught in a beginning-level Spanish textbook to determine how well this vocabulary reflects the most common words in Spanish according to a frequency dictionary. It was found that a lexicon of 5,000 words was needed to obtain a sufficient level of comprehension in order for extensive reading to occur and that the textbook examined in this study did not present vocabulary that was extremely reflective of the most common words in the Spanish language.

The thesis is focused on the role of fathers represented in different lifestyle magazines for women. There were selected two kinds of magazine brands for women from different social-economic groups. The representative magazines from higher social-economic groups were chosen Elle, Harper's Bazaar, Cosmopolitan and Marianne. The representative magazines for women from lower social-economic groups were chosen Vlasta, Chvilka pro tebe, Žena a život and Překvapení. There were found only articles which show man as father, including description, in all selected magazines. The terms were generated according to the method of open coding from each article. Then they were merged into superior categories. The final categories served as a tool for describing representation of father, as he had been described in the individual magazines. From individual magazines we moved to the whole groups of magazines, which were designed for the same social-economic groups of women. Differences and similarities in the representations of fathers were found not only between the groups but also inside of the groups themselves. Nevertheless, our work has successfully shown that there were significant differences in the descriptions of the father in the magazines for different social-economic groups of women.

World of Warcraft and World of Warcraft: Chronicle I are in this essay analyzed as motivators for reluctant readers. World of Warcraft: Chronicle I is analyzed from small-scale and large-scale intertextual comparison to Greek and Norse mythology. The aim of this essay is to introduce alternative literature outside the literary canon in the EFL classroom in Sweden. The aim is to connect gaming an outside school activity with reading. The analysis is divided into three parts, the first part focuses on the amount of reading that is done while playing a game like World of Warcraft. The second part focuses on intertextuality in the Chronicle to Greek and Norse mythology. Lastly, how the knowledge of intertextuality in the Chronicle can be used to interact with likeminded people by posting on forums in discussed. The goal is to connect gaming and reading to motivate reluctant readers.