Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1962. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-119).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, and San Diego State University, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed May 8, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 244-259).

Thesis (M.S.)--Eastern Illinois University, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-70).

Thesis (M. Aud.)--University of Canterbury, 2007. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-75). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M. Communication Pathology)--Universiteit van Pretoria, 2001. / Summary in English and Afrikaans.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / verify and correlate the acoustic vocal modifications of filter and glottal source, perceptual hearing, laryngeal, sound pressure level (SPL) and self-reported vocal sensations, after the phonation in a glass tube immersed in water (PGTIW), on adult women. Methods: observational study cross-sectional quantitative analytical, composed of 24 adult women, with ages between 18 and 40 years (average 23,04 years), without laryngeal affections (LA) and without vocal complaints, being 12 in the study group (SG) and 12 in the control group (CG). In the EG was held the collection of the vowel /a:/, measure of SPL, videolaryngostroboscopy (VLS), execution of the technique of PGTIW in three sets of the 15 repetitions and, immediately after, the collect of vowel /a:/, measure of SPL, VLS and reporting of sensations in relation to voice. In the CG, the same procedures were performed, but instead the implementation of technical, the volunteers remained in silence. Was performed vocal acoustic analysis with the programs Multi Dimension Voice Program Advanced and Real Time Spectrogram (Kay Pentax®). Judges speech therapyst performed the analysis of spectrographies, with specific protocol and hearing perceptual with the RASAT scale and judges otolaryngologists performed the analysis of the VLS. It was used the statistical tests Wilcoxon, Chi-square and Spearman. Results: On the SG: improvement of the smoothed pitch perturbation quotient (sPPQ), voice turbulence index (VTI), Shimmer percentage (Shim) and Shimmer in dB (ShdB); improvement of breathiness in RASATI; increase of the tracing darkening of the fourth formant, the definition of the first formant, the definition and the number of harmonics; increase the SPL and sensation better voice; in the VLS, the laryngeal vestibule constriction did not change significantly. Positive correlation between sensation better voice and the definition of the second and third formants and regularity the tracing; between measures of Shimmer and breathiness; between the fundamental frequency and maximum instability. Conclusion: in the group of women without laryngeal disorders and without vocal complaints studied, the technique generated a reduction of of vibration glottal aperiodicity and the noise, with consequent improvement of the glottal signal. In VLS, the laryngeal vestibule constriction did not change significantly, this suggests that the technique does not cause laryngeal hypertension. / verificar e correlacionar as modificações vocais acústicas de filtro e de fonte glótica, perceptivoauditivas, laríngeas, nível de pressão sonora (NPS) e sensações vocais autorrelatadas após a fonação em tubo de vidro imerso em água (FTVIA), em mulheres adultas. Métodos: estudo observacional transversal analítico quantitativo, composto por 24 mulheres adultas, com idades entre 18 e 40 anos (média 23,04 anos), sem afecções laríngeas (AL) e sem queixas vocais, sendo 12 do grupo de estudo (GE) e 12 do grupo de controle (GC). No GE, realizou-se a coleta da vogal /a:/, medida do NPS, videolaringoestroboscopia (VLE), execução da técnica de FTVIA em três séries de 15 repetições e, imediatamente após, a coleta da vogal /a:/, medida do NPS, VLE e relato de sensações em relação à voz. No GC, os mesmos procedimentos foram realizados, porém, ao invés da execução da técnica, as voluntárias permaneceram em silêncio. Realizou-se a análise acústica vocal com os programas Multi Dimension Voice Program Advanced e Real Time Spectrogram (Kay Pentax®). Juízas fonoaudiólogas realizaram a análise das espectrografias, com protocolo específico e perceptivoauditiva com a escala RASATI, e juízes otorrinolaringologistas realizaram a análise da VLE. Utilizaram-se os testes estatísticos Wilcoxon, Qui-quadrado e Spearman. Resultados: no GE: melhora do quociente de perturbação do pitch suavizado (sPPQ), índice de turbulência vocal (VTI), Shimmer percentual (Shim) e Shimmer em dB (ShdB); da soprosidade na RASATI; do escurecimento do traçado do quarto formante, da definição do primeiro formante, da definição e do número de harmônicos; aumento do NPS e da sensação de voz melhor; na VLE: a constrição do vestíbulo laríngeo não se alterou significativamente. Correlação positiva entre a sensação de voz melhor e a definição do segundo e terceiro formantes e regularidade do traçado; entre medidas de Shimmer e soprosidade; entre frequência fundamental máxima e instabilidade. Conclusão: no grupo de mulheres sem afecções laríngeas e sem queixas vocais estudado, a técnica gerou redução da aperiodicidade da vibração glótica e do ruído, com aumento da energia harmônica e consequente melhora do sinal glótico; maior NPS, ressonância e projeção vocal, melhorando as sensações subjetivas à produção vocal; na VLE, a não alteração da constrição do vestíbulo laríngeo sugere que a técnica não provoca hipertensão laríngea.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:47:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2584404 bytes, checksum: e2a2c7e618dacf471fe8d3d19b90ed2d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Due to the development of computer technology and its presence in the daily routine of professionals and students, more resources have emerged with the aim of providing an efficient way to transmit and enhance knowledge in all fields of science. In medical and therapeutic offices, is commonplace to note the existence of computer tools such as visualization applications, games and simulators that enable therapeutic methods based on information technologies and communication. Due to the fact that Speech Pathology is a profession in constant development, this study proposes describing and demonstrating the importance of using technology in speech-language therapies. Thus, it was necessary to conduct a field survey for lifting the profile of professionals of speech pathology on the use of technology in their clinical practice as well as a literature search on existing applications in general healthcare and in speech therapy. Later, it was proposed the building of an application to support rehabilitation processes. It was noticed that there is need for research directed to the field of Speech-therapy concerning to the use of assistive technology for speech-language therapies. Although there are specific computer programs for rehabilitation, little is known about the evaluation and validation of these software in scientific literature. It was developed a game as a way to assist in the treatment of atypical swallowing. The game, called MOtrilha, can support therapeutic techniques for the correction of atypical swallowing. It is one more tool to help professionals and to motivate patients. / Em virtude do desenvolvimento da tecnologia computacional e sua presença no dia-adia de profissionais e estudantes, mais recursos tem surgido com o objetivo de proporcionar uma forma eficaz de transmitir e aprimorar conhecimentos em todas as áreas das ciências. Nos consultórios médicos e terapêuticos, é comum observar a existência de ferramentas computacionais como aplicativos de visualização, jogos e simuladores que possibilitam métodos terapêuticos baseados em tecnologias da informação e comunicação. Sendo a Fonoaudiologia uma profissão em constante desenvolvimento, o presente estudo propõe-se a descrever e apresentar o uso de tecnologias em terapiasfonoaudiológicas. Para tanto, foi necessária a realização de uma pesquisa de campo para o levantamento do perfil de fonoaudiólogos quanto à utilização de tecnologias na sua prática clinica, assim como uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre os aplicativos existentes na área da saúde em geral e em Fonoaudiologia. Posteriormente, foi proposta a construção de um aplicativo para o auxílio à reabilitação fonoaudiológica. Percebeu-se que há necessidade de pesquisas direcionadas ao campo da Fonoaudiologia concernentes ao uso de tecnologias de apoio a terapias fonoaudiológicas pois, embora existam programas computacionais específicos para a reabilitação, pouco se sabe a respeito da avaliação e validação dos mesmos respaldados na literatura científica. Foi realizada a construção do jogo MOtrilha como forma de auxiliar nos tratamentos de Deglutição Atípica. O jogo visa contribuir na facilitação e melhor aproveitamento das técnicas terapêuticas para a correção da Deglutição Atípica, sendo uma ferramenta a mais para o auxílio do profissional e motivação dos pacientes.

abstract: Lexical diversity (LD) has been used in a wide range of applications, producing a rich history in the field of speech-language pathology. However, for clinicians and researchers identifying a robust measure to quantify LD has been challenging. Recently, sophisticated techniques have been developed that assert to measure LD. Each one is based on its own theoretical assumptions and employs different computational machineries. Therefore, it is not clear to what extent these techniques produce valid scores and how they relate to each other. Further, in the field of speech-language pathology, researchers and clinicians often use different methods to elicit various types of discourse and it is an empirical question whether the inferences drawn from analyzing one type of discourse relate and generalize to other types. The current study examined a corpus of four types of discourse (procedures, eventcasts, storytelling, recounts) from 442 adults. Using four techniques (D; Maas; Measure of textual lexical diversity, MTLD; Moving average type token ratio, MATTR), LD scores were estimated for each type. Subsequently, data were modeled using structural equation modeling to uncover their latent structure. Results indicated that two estimation techniques (MATTR and MTLD) generated scores that were stronger indicators of the LD of the language samples. For the other two techniques, results were consistent with the presence of method factors that represented construct-irrelevant sources. A hierarchical factor analytic model indicated that a common factor underlay all combinations of types of discourse and estimation techniques and was interpreted as a general construct of LD. Two discourse types (storytelling and eventcasts) were significantly stronger indicators of the underlying trait. These findings supplement our understanding regarding the validity of scores generated by different estimation techniques. Further, they enhance our knowledge about how productive vocabulary manifests itself across different types of discourse that impose different cognitive and linguistic demands. They also offer clinicians and researchers a point of reference in terms of techniques that measure the LD of a language sample and little of anything else and also types of discourse that might be the most informative for measuring the LD of individuals. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Speech and Hearing Science 2011

Base teórica: Os principais sintomas motores da doença de Parkinson, rigidez, bradicinesia e tremor com a progressão da doença, frequentemente são acompanhados por alteração da deglutição que compromete consideravelmente a alimentação dos indivíduos com a doença. A alteração de deglutição está presente na fase oral, faríngea e esofágica e traz consequências para o individuo com doença de Parkinson, como desnutrição, risco de aspiração pulmonar e pneumonia. Apesar da doença de Parkinson (DP) ser primariamente considerada um distúrbio do movimento, algumas características não-motoras são típicas da doença, como alterações cognitivas, distúrbios do sono e distúrbios sensoriais. Objetivo: Estudar a correlação entre as alterações cognitivas e as alterações de deglutição dos indivíduos com DP. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo do tipo transversal e descritivo. O estudo conta com dois grupos: grupo controle, formado por indivíduos saudáveis, (n=47) e grupo de estudo formado por indivíduos com DP (n=47). Para avaliação cognitiva, foi utilizada uma bateria de testes cognitivos, onde foram avaliadas funções como atenção, memória, planejamento, funções executivas, entre outras. Para avaliação de deglutição, foi utilizada avaliação clínica, com base em protocolo, sendo possível avaliar estruturas e a função da deglutição, a fim de classificar o grau de alteração. Resultados: Dos pacientes com DP, 56 % eram do sexo masculino com média de idade de 62,0 (±11,0), escolaridade de 7,0 (±4,0), tempo de diagnóstico de 10,0 (±5,0), Hoehn e Yahr 2 (55%) e Hoehn e Yahr 3 (45%). Para o grupo controle, 56% do sexo masculino com média de idade de 64,0 (±7,0) e escolaridade de 9,0 (±4,0). Na avaliação miofuncional da deglutição entre grupo de estudo e grupo controle, foram observadas diferenças significativas como: face assimétrica p=(0,00), bochechas assimétricas p=(0,00), hipotonia do lado esquerdo p=(0,00), alteração do mentual (p=0,00), hipotonia de língua p=(0,00), tosse p=0,03), engasgos (p=0,00), projeção de língua (p=0,00), projeção de cabeça p=(0,00), resíduos alimentares (p=0,00), contração o periorbicular (p=0,00), deglutição normal (p=0,00), disfagia leve (p=0,04), disfagia leve a moderada (p=0,02). Na comparação do desempenho cognitivo entre os grupos, observou-se significância estatística nos testes de fluência verbal categórico (p=0,00), Rey Verbal A (p=0,00), Rey verbal I (p=0,00), Rey Verbal R (p=0,00). Para a associação entre cognição e deglutição em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson, observou-se o resultado significativo entre Rey Verbal I e deglutição normal (p= 0,02). Conclusão: Os pacientes com DP possuem maiores alterações cognitivas e de deglutição comparados ao grupo controle e o estudo apontou a influência da memória imediata de curto prazo na deglutição, tendo participação importante no processo de deglutição. Também foi possível observar a correlação da idade, H&Y e tempo de evolução da doença na deglutição. / Background: The primary motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease rigidity, bradykinesia and tremor with the progression of the disease are often accompanied by swallowing disorders which greatly compromises the power of individuals with the disease. Swallowing change is present in the oral, pharyngeal and esophageal and has consequences for the individual with Parkinson's disease, such as malnutrition, pulmonary aspiration and pneumonia. Although Parkinson's disease (PD) is primarily regarded as a disorder of movement, some non-motor characteristics are typical of the disease, and cognitive changes, sleep disorders and sensory disturbances. Objective: To study the correlation between cognitive impairment and swallowing disorders among individuals with PD. Objective: To study the correlation between cognitive impairment and swallowing disorders among individuals with PD. Methods: This is a study of cross-sectional and descriptive. The study has two groups: control group, consisting of healthy subjects (n= 47) and study group of individuals diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (n= 47). For cognitive evaluation, we used a battery of cognitive tests, which were evaluated functions such as attention, memory, planning, executive functions, among others. For evaluation of swallowing, clinical evaluation was used, based on protocol so it can evaluate structures and the function of swallowing in order to classify the degree of change. Results: Of PD patients, 56% were male with a mean age of 62.0 (±11.0), educational level of 7.0 (±4.0), diagnosis time of 10.0 (±5.0), Hoehn and Yahr 2 (55%) and Hoehn and Yahr 3 (45%). For the control group, 56% were male with a mean age of 64.0 (±7.0) and schooling of 9.0 (±4.0). In myofunctional evaluation of swallowing between study and control groups was observed significant differences as asymmetric face (p=0.00), asymmetrical cheeks (p=0.00), hypotonia the left (p=0.00), alteration of the mental (p=0.00), speaking hypotonia (p=0.00), cough (p=0.03), choking (p=0.00), tongue projection (p=0.00), head projection (p=0.00), food waste (p=0.00), the contraction periorbicular (p=0.00), normal swallowing (p=0.00), light dysphagia (p=0.04), mild to moderate dysphagia (p=0.02). In comparing cognitive performance between the groups there was statistical significance in categorical verbal fluency tests (p=0.00), Rey Verbal A (p=0.00), verbal Rey I (p=0.00), Rey verbal R (p=0.00). For the association between cognition and swallowing in people with Parkinson's disease was observed between the mean result Rey Verbal I and normal swallowing (p =0.02). The study also showed the influence of gender, age, disease stage and time of diagnosis in cognitive performance and swallowing. Conclusion: PD patients have higher cognitive and swallowing changes compared to the control group and the study pointed out the influence of short-term immediate memory in swallowing, with important participation in the swallowing process. It was also possible to observe the correlation of age, H & Y and duration of the disease in swallowing.

xiii, 205 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / This study examined idiom understanding in 120 neurologically healthy adults, ages 20-29 (20s Group), 40-49 (40s Group), 60-69 (60s Group), and 80-89 (80s Group) years old. Each participant was administered a familiarity task, definition explanation task, mental imagery task, and forced-choice comprehension task. Twenty idioms, 10 transparent and 10 opaque, were used with no supporting contexts. Participants were asked to rate the familiarity of each idiom, to provide a definition of each, to generate a mental image of each, and to select the best definition of each from among four options. It was predicted that younger and older adults would perform equally well on the comprehension task but that older adults would perform poorer than younger adults on the explanation task. Additionally, mental imagery of idioms was expected to become more figurative with advancing age, and participants were expected to perform better on highly familiar and transparent idioms than on less familiar and opaque ones. Participants rated all 20 idioms as highly familiar, with the lowest familiarity rating for participants in the 20s Group. No significant differences were found on the forced-choice comprehension task across the four age groups although the 20s Group scored the lowest among all age groups. The 60s Group performed significantly better than the 20s Group on the definition explanation task, but no significant differences were found between the other age groups. No significant differences were found in generating mental images between transparent and opaque idioms, and mental images tended to be figurative rather than literal for both types of idioms. The present study adds to our knowledge of idiom understanding across adulthood. Familiarity seemed to play a stronger role than transparency in idiom understanding in adults. Once an idiom was learned and stored as a lexical unit, people used the idiomatic meaning and generated figurative mental imagery immediately without accessing the literal meaning or the literal mental image. / Committee in charge: Marilyn Nippold, Chairperson, Special Education and Clinical Sciences; Roland Good, Member, Special Education and Clinical Sciences; Deborah Olson, Member, Special Education and Clinical Sciences; Nathaniel Teich, Outside Member, English