The purpose of this study was to investigate youth’s experiences of what meaning the nonprofit youth project Husby Marathon had on their social capital and self-identity. In order to answer the purpose a qualitative methodology was used based on interviews with four of the participant youths. Two teories were used, Social capital by Robert D. Putnam and Selfidentity by Anthony Giddens. The result indicates that the project has had a significant impact on the creation of social capital, in particular bridging social capital which was strengthened by an extended social network that the participants were offered. A strong social bond developed within the project, which also helped to strengthen the bonding social capital. Civic awareness was raised among the participants which also established a trust towards strangers and the society. Different parts of the project has given the participants opportunity to reflect on their identity. The participants have gained self-efficacy by learning goaloriented methods which has generated new and evolved self-identity. This has shown to increased the youths ability to make decisions and lifestyle choices. The results generated a development of three new concepts that are important for the integration of youth in suburbs. The two first concepts are "social self-identity" and "commitment-building social capital" and these two led to the final concept "social self-resource capital".

The aim of this paper is to examine how young men of foreign background are pictured in the realistic adolescence novels of 2009. In my process of work I have used a classical schedule for literature analysis from which I have worked out a few questions to use on my texts. The questions are related to the main characters and some of the most important minor characters – all are young men with foreign background – and focuses on aspects of for example where they live, who their friends are and what they think about and dream of. To put these pictures into a wider perspective I compare my results with the well known stereotype picturing of men with foreign background in media. I then discuss how or if this affects the young men’s picture of themselves and the majority society’s picture of them. Another part of my discussion is how school can provide good role models for their students and how and if we can work with these stereotypes. To relate to young men with foreign background I have used two culture studies. The result of my analysis shows that the picturing of young men with foreign background tends to be stiff and static and closely stereotype. My conclusion is therefore that the picturing of young men with foreign background in the realistic adolescence novels of 2009 is familiar to the ones we can see in media. And from looking at the two culture studies I used, I can see that the stereotype pictures tend to affect how these young men picture themselves and also how the majority society pictures them. This can in the long run be dreadful for the self-image of these young men.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the effects of gated communities in the increasing fragmentation of urban space and in the increasing polarisation among different classes in the Turkish context, more specifically in the capital, Ankara. Since the case study is based on an upper-middle class suburban gated community, first, suburbanisation &ldquo / as a wave of urbanisation&rdquo / is analysed. Then, the debates about the middle class and the transformation that this social stratum has undergone are discussed. Later, the formation of gated communities around the world and in Turkey are analysed within the general framework of the transformation of the urban sphere. Finally, the theoretical arguments are scrutinised by incorporating the findings of the case study carried out in Angora Houses. In this study Angora Houses is concluded to be a gated community which is &ldquo / fortified&rdquo / for the preservation of an upper-middle class lifestyle rather than for security concerns and which reproduces socio-spatial inequalities among Ankaraites rather than standing as only the expression of them.

Saint-Denis, ville populaire et limitrophe de Paris est particulièrement impactée par l’habitat insalubre. Comment une ville communiste qui promeut une politique inclusive traite la question de l’habitat insalubre et quels sont les enjeux géopolitiques derrière la résorption de cet habitat ? Concernant les bidonvilles, les élus de Saint-Denis se sont fait les porte-voix de cette question à l’échelle nationale et mènent plusieurs projets d’insertion sur le territoire. Ceux-ci relèvent plus, en l’absence de politique nationale, d’un bricolage et se heurtent au manque de moyens, au problème de relogement et parfois à la réaction de certains riverains. Quant à l’insalubrité des immeubles, elle persiste malgré trente ans de politiques publiques, en raison de la faible efficacité des politiques incitatives, de la paupérisation de la ville et de la logique de marché qui a attiré des propriétaires bailleurs d’abord intéressés par la rentabilité des biens. Depuis 2008, la municipalité concentre ses efforts sur le centre-ville via un important programme de rénovation urbaine (un Programme National de requalification des Quartiers Anciens Dégradés – PNRQAD), qui s’inscrit dans une stratégie de valorisation du centre-ville pour attirer des propriétaires plus à même d’entretenir le bâti. La mise en place du PNRQAD soulève des enjeux de peuplement, d’image et d’évolution sociologique du centre-ville, d’autant plus que les communistes sont politiquement en difficulté. Ils se retrouvent pris dans une contradiction majeure : changer l’image de Saint-Denis pour contribuer à un meilleur entretien du bâti favorise une évolution du peuplement qui leur sera défavorable électoralement. / Saint-Denis, a working class city in the suburb of Paris, is particularly impacted by run-down housing. How does a communist city that promotes an inclusive politics, addresses the question of degraded housing and what are the geopolitical stakes behind the resorption of this type of habitat? Saint-Denis’ elected officials have become outspoken on the question of slums at the national level and lead several projects for inserting their inhabitants in the territory. Those are however more akin to patch-up jobs considering the absence of a national policy and they face the lack of funding, the problem of rehousing, and sometimes negative reactions from other residents. With regards to apartment buildings’ insalubrity, it remains a problem despite thirty years of public policies. This is due to the low efficiency of incentivizing policies, city pauperization, and market-based solutions that attract landlords more interested in economic returns than good maintenance. Since 2008, city hall concentrates its efforts on the downtown area through a major program of urban renewal (PNRQAD), as part of a strategy to revalorize it to attract owners that would maintain housing’s upkeep. The implementation of the PNRQAD raises questions on issues of settlement, image, and sociological evolution of the downtown area, all the more so now that communists are faced with a rising socialist party. Communist elected officials therefore now face an internal contradiction: changing Saint-Denis’ image with the purpose of increasing the quality of housing conditions favors a settlement pattern that will be electorally detrimental to them.

The diploma thesis is dealing with the process of sanitation of the Prague suburb in Czech Budweis from 1950´s to 1980´s. The first chapter outlines the development of the Prague suburb from its early beginnings to the first half of the 20th century. The main concern of this work is put on the construction of the suburb which took place in the second half of the 20th century; moreover, the text refers to the sanitation works which were necessary to be made before constructing the new buildings which were constructed in this time period. There is Koldům form 50´s/60´s which was built by architect Bohumil Böhm. From the following decade, there is the department house called Družba which was designed by architects Ladislav Konopka and Alois Hlouška. The last building to be selected is the post office which originates in 80´s and it was also built by Ladislav Konopka. All chosen buildings are thoroughly discussed from the historical point of view; furthermore, the text also refers to the significance of these buildings and their present condition. The diploma thesis aims to depict in detail the phases of the sanitation of the Prague suburb. Through this description the text is trying to reveal the overall scope of the urban changes which took place in this oldest part of the city.

No description available.

[pt] Essa dissertação investiga o processo de urbanização ocorrido no Engenho de Dentro entre 1870 e 1906. Ao longo desse período, cujo início marca a implantação do sistema ferroviário de trens dos subúrbios, esta localidade, até então marcadamente rural, foi incorporada à malha urbana da cidade como parte da região suburbana que se afirmava. Para parte da historiografia tal processo seria um fruto direto das obras de intervenção e remodelação da região central da cidade ocorrida no Rio de Janeiro dos primeiros anos do século XX, em perspectiva que enfatiza o papel do Estado na definição das distinções e hierarquizações espaciais que marcam o mundo urbano carioca. Problematizando tais análises, o objetivo desse trabalho é compreender como os próprios moradores do local, em sua diversidade, foram parte ativa do processo de transformação e consolidação daquele território, do qual se apropriaram de formas variadas. / [en] This dissertation investigates the process of urbanization that took place in Engenho de Dentro between 1870 and 1906. During this period, which beginning marks the implantation of the railway system of suburban trains, this locality, so far markedly rural, was incorporated into the urban network of the city as part of the suburban region that was claimed. For part of the historiography, such a process would be a direct result of the intervention and remodeling works of the central region of the city occurred in Rio de Janeiro in the early years of the twentieth century, in a perspective that emphasizes the role of the State in the definition of the distinctions and spatial hierarchies that mark the urban world of Rio. Problematizing such analyses, the objective of this work is to understand how the inhabitants of the place, in their diversity, were an active part of the transformation process and consolidation of that territory, from which they appropriated in several forms.

Ce travail porte sur les justices seigneuriales des environs de Paris entre le règne personnel de Louis XIV, moment de réforme des ressorts des justices à l’intérieur de la capitale, de la création de la Lieutenance générale de Police et de l’Ordonnance criminelle de 1670, jusqu’à leur suppression au début de la Révolution française. Grâce aux documents seigneuriaux, des institutions monarchiques, des notaires et aux documents produits dans les tribunaux locaux, j’étudie les prérogatives de ces justices, leur organisation matérielle, leur personnel, leurs rapports avec les justiciables pour l’enregistrement et l’instruction des crimes, et ce que les crimes nous apprennent sur les relations entre les hommes autour de Paris. / This PhD deals with seigneurial justices around Paris between the personal reign of Louis XIV, moment of reform in administration of Paris and in criminal procedure, and the beginning of the French Revolution. Numerous types of documents have been used: documents from seigneurial papers, royal institutions, notaries and seigneurial justices. I oriented my researches on the way these justices worked, the links between the judges and the people, and how crimes’ features can inform us about the society.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:00:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2436.pdf: 415459 bytes, checksum: f3ac7d64da545327ef95198f75249eb2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-12 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / This research had the objective to enlarge and to deepen the suburb analysis, using as an object the Gonzaga shantytown, located in São Carlos, in the countryside of the state of São Paulo, and a neighborhood spotted by the population of the city as a troubled one, and the home of most of the criminals operating in the city, since it s one of the neighborhoods where most inhabitants have low incomes. Through the ethnography focused on the study of a case, the Gonzaga shantytown, I have revised the co-extensive relation between two generation universes: the adult and the infantile, investigating the sociability in the neighborhood, using as objects, the street, the relationships among the children, and also the relationships between the children, their parents and their relatives. In sum, I have investigated through the field research, the participating observation, the ethnography as the children are committed with the configuration, and the net of social activities in the neighborhood and how all that is represented and portrayed in the children s behavior and sociability, as much as in their ludic activities. In this research, the main role is played by the children, therfore the text was built from the children s point of view; they are interlocutors. Thus, the children were treated as subjects, capable of representing and signifying their own experiences, as actors and social agents that signify, and not merely re-signify their social environment, and that perceive the world and represent it in their own way. At last, this research shows how the Gonzaga shantytown s children represent and signify the neighborhood where they live in, and, because of the children, we are able to know the life experience of those who live in the suburbs or in shantytowns, which is different than the one presented by the tv channels and the newspapers, medias that do not realize the diversity of inhabitants in these neighborhoods. / Essa pesquisa teve por objetivo ampliar e a aprofundar a análise sobre periferia, tomando como objeto de estudos a favela do Gonzaga, localizada na cidade de São Carlos, interior do estado de São Paulo, bairro estigmatizado pela população sãocarlense, que o vê como um bairro problema , local em que reside a maioria dos criminosos que atuam na cidade, pois é um dos bairros que abriga a população de baixa renda. Através da etnografia focalizada num estudo de caso, a favela do Gonzaga, problematizei a relação co-extensiva entre dois universos geracionais: o adulto e o infantil, investigando a sociabilidade no bairro, tomando como objetos de análise, a rua, a relação entre as crianças, a relação das crianças com os pais e com a parentela. Em suma, investiguei através da pesquisa de campo, da observação participante, da etnografia como as crianças estão comprometidas com a configuração e a rede de práticas sociais no bairro e como isso está representado e reproduzido no comportamento e na sociabilidade infantil e nas suas práticas lúdicas. Nesse trabalho de pesquisa as crianças ocuparam lugar central, por isso o texto é a partir do ponto de vista das crianças, elas são interlocutoras da pesquisa. Dessa forma, as crianças foram tratadas como sujeitos capazes de representar e significar suas experiências, como atores e agentes sociais que significam e não apenas resignificam seu mundo social, que apreendem o mundo e o representam a sua maneira. Enfim, essa pesquisa mostra como as crianças da favela do Gonzaga representam e significam o bairro em que vivem e, através das crianças conhecemos a experiência de vida daquelas pessoas que moram em periferias ou em favelas que é diferente daquela veiculada por meio da mídia ou de jornais, que não percebem a multiplicidade de sujeitos que moram nesses bairros.

L’idée d’une thèse s’intéressant aux environs proches, au périurbain d’une ville vient d’une constatation : la plupart des études réalisées sur le phénomène urbain au Moyen Âge, que ce soient des monographies de villes, des études archéologiques…, traitent principalement de l’espace, de la topographie intra-muros. Ce travail a donc pour but d’étudier une ville dans un ensemble plus large, en examinant ce qui se trouve dans les environs proches de l’enceinte et en laissant de côté, pour une fois, l’intérieur des remparts. Dans cette optique, il étudie la composition, l’organisation géographique, et l’évolution topographique du périurbain de la ville durant une période allant de la fin du Moyen Âge à l’époque moderne. Il s’agit de se poser la question des rapports entre la ville et son périurbain, en voyant comment elle l’utilise et en quoi il lui est nécessaire. Afin de contourner l’écueil de la monographie, trop facilement susceptible de traiter d’un cas « exception », cette recherche met en comparaison trois villes de même nature, Reims, Metz et Strasbourg, toutes trois villes épiscopales, d’origine romaine et de plus de 10.000 habitants au cours de la période étudiée. / The idea of a PhD on the close vicinity, the ‘periurban’ area of a city, stems from an observation: most of the studies done on the urban phenomenon in the Middle Ages, whether cities monographs or archeological studies, focus mainly on the intramural space and topography. To the contrary, the current work aims to study a city in a broader whole, through the review of the close vicinity of the precinct, and ignoring, for once, which is inside the walls. In this regard, it studies the composition, the geographical organization and the topographic evolution of the ‘periurban’ area of the city, during a period from the end of the Middle Ages to the modern era. Its questioning focuses on the relationship between the city and its ‘periurban’, how it uses it, and how it needs it. In order to prevent the too common risk for monographs of addressing an ‘exception’, this research draws a comparison between three cities, Reims, Metz and Strasbourg, similar in that they all are Episcopal cities, of roman origin and counting more than 10.000 inhabitants during the period studied.