This study aims to analyze in the geographical category rural space the agricultural production of the territory belonging to the region COREDE Fronteira Oeste do RS, through the contemporaneous acceleration, due to the Tecnic-Scientific-Informacional period following the globalization process f the economics. This region COREDE was analyzed from the intensification of the diffusion of modernization of fixed and flows and viewed as a functional place of spatial circuits of production and cooperation circles of agricultural production. Thus, it is understood that the region since past times os its production and reproduction strives to achieve new tecnological levels. Nowadays it reveals the investiments in advanced tecnology and determines this dynamic as a condition to ensure the production of other complexes that interact with it. The research standards pursued the methodology attending a critical comparative analysis. However, in this procedure it was decided to adopt two methods of investigation, a mixed qualitative and quantitative scheme to obtain the information. In this study, the combination of both criteria was considered essentially important to reach this purpose to offer a representation of the regional reality in nowadays and meet the formulated objectives. The data analysis showed the importance of the studied crops in the investigated region. Nevertheless, rice cultivation has been in the last decades the main agricultural production according to the analysis of historical research and qualitative assay. Today, rice production stands out compared to other crops produced. The increase in this production in the region and its maintenance identifies the specialization of the farming business. The specialization comes from the existence of an entire material and social structure formed by flows and fixed, built prioritizing the cultivation of rice, but serving other cultures, as soybean, corn and weath. The dynamics observed in the study area allowed to accept the idea that the current period reveals the region as a globalized space, and also that the region COREDE Fronteira Oeste is unique in its singularities. These arguments reinforce the idea of single space, uniqueness. / O estudo tem como propósito analisar na categoria geográfica espaço rural a produção agrícola do território pertencente à Região COREDE Fronteira Oeste do RS, à luz da aceleração contemporânea, promovida pelo período Técnico-Científico-Informacional acompanhando o processo de Globalização das economias. A Região deste COREDE foi analisada a partir da intensificação da difusão da modernização de fixos e fluxos e vista como um lugar funcional de circuitos espaciais da produção e de círculos de cooperação da produção agropecuária. Desse modo, entende-se que a Região desde períodos pretéritos de tempo de sua produção e reprodução empenha-se em alcançar novos níveis tecnológicos. No presente período revela os investimentos em meios tecnológicos avançados e determina esta dinâmica como condição de garantir a produção dos demais complexos que com ela interagem. As normas de investigação perseguiram a metodologia sistêmica sem deixar de atender a uma abordagem crítica nas análises comparativas. Para os procedimentos de obtenção das informações optou-se por uma forma mista de investigação, através dos métodos qualitativo e quantitativo. No caso deste estudo a combinação dos dois métodos foi considerada de fundamental importância para atingir o propósito de oferecer um retrato da realidade regional à luz do período atual e atender aos objetivos formulados. A análise dos dados demonstrou a importância dos cultivos analisados na Região estudada. Contudo, o arroz tem sido nas últimas décadas a principal cultura agrícola cultivada de acordo com as análises da série histórica investigada e recebendo apoio da análise qualitativa. Hoje, a produção de arroz se destaca frente às demais culturas produzidas. O aumento da produção de arroz na Região COREDE Fronteira Oeste, bem como a sua manutenção identifica a especialização empresarial desta lavoura. A especialização procede da existência de toda uma estrutura material e social formada pelos fixos e os fluxos, construída priorizando o cultivo do arroz, mas servindo às demais culturas, como a soja, o milho e o trigo. As dinâmicas observadas na área de estudo permitiram aceitar a idéia de que o período atual revela a Região como um espaço mundializado e, também, que ela, Região COREDE Fronteira Oeste, é única em suas singularidades. Estes argumentos reforçam a idéia de espaço único, de unicidade.

Nous présentons deux approches différentes pour décrire le couplage hydromécanique des géomatériaux. Dans une approche de type phénoménologique nous traitons le milieu poreux comme un milieu continu équivalent dont les interactions entre la phase fluide et le squelette solide constituent le couplage du mélange à l'échelle macroscopique. En caractérisant le comportement de chaque phase nous arrivons à décrire le comportement couplé du milieu couplé saturé.Nous utilisons cette approche pour modéliser des essais expérimentaux faits sur un cylindre creux pour une roche argileuse (argile de Boom). Les résultats expérimentaux montrent de façon claire que le comportement de cette roche est fortement anisotrope. Nous avons choisi de modéliser ces essais en utilisant une lois de comportement élasto-plastique pour laquelle la partie élastique est transversalement isotrope.Le problème aux conditions aux limites étudié met en évidence des déformations localisées autour du forage intérieur. Afin de décrire de façon objective le développement de ces bandes de cisaillement nous avons considéré un milieu continu local de type second gradient qui permet d'introduire une longueur interne. De ce fait nous avons pu étudier le problème d'unicité en montrant qu'un changement de la discrétisation temporelle du problème aux limites peut conduire à des solutions différentes.Dans la deuxième approche étudiée nous caractérisons la microstructure du matériau avec des grains et un réseau de canaux pour la phase fluide. À l'aide d'un processus numérique d'homogénéisation nous arrivons à calculer numériquement la contrainte du mélange et le flux massique. Cette méthode d'homogénéisation numérique a été implémentée dans un code aux éléments finis afin d'obtenir des résultats macro. Une validation de l'implentation est proposée pour des calculs en mecanique pure et en hydromécanique. / We present two different approaches to describe the hydromechanical behaviour of geomaterials. In the first approach the porous media is studied through an equivalent continuum media where the interaction between the fluide and solid phases caracterize the coupling behaviour at the macroscale.We take into account this approach to model experimental tests performed over a hollow cylinder sample of clay rock (Boom Clay), considered for nuclear waste storage. The experimental results clearly show that the mechanical behaviour of the material is strongly anisotropic. For this reason we chose an elasto-plastic model based on Drucker-Prager criterion where the elastic part is characterized by cross anisotropy.The numerical results of boundary value problem clearly show localised strains around the inner hollow section. In order to regularize the numerical problem we consider a second gradient local continuum media with an enriched kinematic where an internal lenght can be introduced making the results mesh independent. The uniqueness study is carried out showing that changing the temporal discretization of the problem leads to different solutions.In the second approach we study the hydromechanical behaviour of a porous media that it is characterised by the microstructure of the material. The microstructure taken into account is composed by elastic grains, cohesives interfaces and a network of fluid channels. Using a periodic media a numerical homogenization (square finite element method) is considered to compute mass flux, stress and density of the mixture. In this way a pure numerical constitutive law is built from the microstructure of the media. This method has been implemented into a finite element code (Lagamine, Université de Liège) to obtain results at the macroscale. A validation of this implementation is performed for a pure mechanical boundary value problem and for a hydromechanical one.

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar e desenvolver a teoria de equações dinâmicas funcionais impulsivas em escalas temporais. Mostramos que estas equações representam um caso especial de equações diferenciais funcionais em medida impulsivas. Também, apresentamos uma relação entre estas equações e as equações diferenciais funcionais em medida e, ainda, mostramos uma relação entre elas e as equações diferenciais ordinárias generalizadas. Relacionamos, também, as equações diferenciais funcionais em medida e as equações dinâmicas funcionais em escalas temporais. Obtemos resultados sobre existência e unicidade de soluções, dependência contínua, método da média periódico e não-periódico bem como resultados de estabilidade para todos os tipos de equações descritos anteriormente. Também, provamos algumas propriedades relativas às funções regradas e aos conjuntos equiregrados em espaços de Banach, que foram essenciais para os nossos propósitos. Os resultados novos apresentados neste trabalho estão contidos em 7 artigos, dos quais dois já foram publicados e um aceito. Veja [16], [32], [34], [36], [37], [38] e [84] / The aim of this work is to investigate and develop the theory of impulsive functional dynamic equations on time scales. We prove that these equations represent a special case of impulsive measure functional differential equations. Moreover, we present a relation between these equations and measure functional differential equations and, also, a correspondence between them and generalized ordinary differential equations. Also, we clarify the relation between measure functional differential equations and functional dynamic equations on time scales. We obtain results on the existence and uniqueness of solutions, continuous dependence on parameters, non-periodic and periodic averaging principles and stability results for all these types of equations. Moreover, we prove some properties concerning regulated functions and equiregulated sets in a Banach space which were essential to our purposes. The new results presented in this work are contained in 7 papers, two of which have already been published and one accepted. See [16], [32], [34], [36], [37], [38] and [84]

La présente recherche s’intéresse à l’identité que l’auteur élabore de manière singulière dans le texte. Elle révèle des procédures discursives, argumentatives et stylistiques qui constituent à la fois l’œuvre et son auteur. Si les enjeux du discours littéraire sont ceux qui préoccupent un écrivain africain soucieux de l’avenir de son pays, sa singularité artistique dépend moins de son origine africaine que de sa manière originale de s’intégrer dans la République mondiale des lettres, à partir du champ littéraire français, en fonction de l’ensemble des discours littéraires et sociaux qui traversent ce champ particulier. La recherche examine l’image discursive (ethos) qui se construit dans les romans de deux auteurs : Le docker noir (1956) et Les Bouts de bois de Dieu (1960) d’Ousmane Sembène ; Le Pauvre Christ de Bomba 1956 et Mission terminée 1957 de Mongo Beti – les deux « écrivains africains » les plus réputés qui ont publié leur premier roman avant les Indépendances. / This research focuses on the identity that an author uniquely constructs and elaborates throughout his works. In doing so, the thesis reveals major discursive, argumentative and stylistic aspects of the literary works as well as of the image of their authors. Although their writing may be concerned with the future of their country, the artistic uniqueness of the work depends less on one’s African origins, and more on his connections to The World Republic of Letters as a member of the French literary field, taking into account the totality of literary and social discourses that constitute this field. This study wishes to examine the discursive Image (ethos) of two authors – Ousmane Sembène (Le docker noir 1956 et Les Bouts de bois de Dieu 1960) and Mongo Beti (Le Pauvre Christ de Bomba 1956 and Mission terminée 1957) – two of the most acclaimed “African writers” published before the time of the African Independence (1960’s).

Orientador: José Luiz Boldrini / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T14:27:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Entringer_ArianePiovezan_D.pdf: 26392944 bytes, checksum: d4993ec89fdc9c9a41cd6fd1e6b28dd1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Neste trabalho analisaremos dois sistemas de equações diferenciais parciais não lineares de evolução associados a modelos de interação fluido-estrutura; esses sistemas foram obtidos utilizando as equações alfa-Navier-Stokes e a metodologia do campo de fases. O primeiro de tais sistemas modela um processo de mudanças de fases envolvendo solidificação e fusão de certos materiais e leva em conta tanto os fenômenos de condução do calor quanto o da convecção da fase não sólida. Esse sistema é formado pelo acoplamento das equações alfa-Navier-Stokes para fluidos viscosos incompressíveis com uma equação para a variável campo de fases, cujos valores determinam a fase do material (sólida, líquida ou mushy), e também com uma equação de balanço de energia interna, a qual determina a evolução da temperatura. O segundo sistema a ser estudado modela a dinâmica de vesículas em um fluido viscoso e incompressível. Tal sistema consiste do acoplamento das equações alfa-Navier-Stokes com uma equação para uma variável campo de fases, a qual neste caso determina a posição da membrana da vesícula que é deformada pela ação do fluido, bem como seu interior e exterior; esta última equação tem um termo descrevendo a interação do fluido com a membrana da vesícula. Para ambos os sistemas, provaremos a existência e a unicidade das soluções em espaços funcionais adequados / Abstract: In this work we analyze two systems of nonlinear evolution partial differential equations associated to models of fluid-structure interaction; such systems were obtained by using the alfa-Navier-Stokes equations and the phase field methodology. The first of such systems models a process of phase change involving solidification and fusion of certain materials and take in consideration both the phenomena of heat conduction and convection of the non-solid phase. Such a system is formed by coupling the alfa-Navier- Stokes equations for incompressible viscous fluids to an equation for the phase field variable whose values determine the phase of the material (solid, liquid or mushy), and also to an equation for the balance of internal energy, which determines the evolution of the temperature. The second system to be studied models the dynamics of vesicles in an incompressible viscous fluid. This system consists of the coupling of alfa-Navier- Stokes equation with an equation for the phase field variable, which in this case determines the position of vesicle membrane that is deformed by the action of the fluid, as well as it's interior and exterior; this last equation has a term describing the interaction of the fluid with the vesicle membrane. For both systems, we will prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions in suitable functional spaces. / Doutorado / Matematica / Doutora em Matemática

Le thème de cette thèse est l'analyse mathématique de modèles décrivant l'intrusion saline dans les aquifères côtiers. On a choisi d'adopter la simplicité de l'approche avec interface nette : il n'y a pas de transfert de masse entre l'eau douce et l'eau salée (resp. entre la zone saturée et la zone sèche). On compense la difficulté mathématique liée à l'analyse des interfaces libres par un processus de moyennisation verticale nous permettant de réduire le problème initialement 3D à un système d'edps définies sur un domaine, Ω, 2D. Un second modèle est obtenu en combinant l'approche 'interface nette' à celle avec interface diffuse ; cette approche est déduite de la théorie introduite par Allen-Cahn, utilisant des fonctions de phase pour décrire les phénomènes de transition entre les milieux d'eau douce et d'eau salée (respectivement les milieux saturé et insaturé). Le problème d'origine 3D est alors réduit à un système fortement couplé d'edps quasi-linéaires de type parabolique dans le cas des aquifères libres décrivant l'évolution des profondeurs des 2 surfaces libres et de type elliptique-parabolique dans le cas des aquifères confinés, les inconnues étant alors la profondeur de l'interface eau salée par rapport à eau douce et la charge hydraulique de l'eau douce. Dans la première partie de la thèse, des résultats d'existence globale en temps sont démontrés montrant que l'approche couplée interface nette-interface diffuse est plus pertinente puisqu'elle permet d'établir un principe du maximum plus physique (plus précisèment une hiérarchie entre les 2 surfaces libres). En revanche, dans le cas de l'aquifère confiné, nous montrons que les deux approches conduisent à des résultats similaires. Dans la seconde partie de la thèse, nous prouvons l'unicité de la solution dans le cas non dégénéré, la preuve reposant sur un résultat de régularité du gradient de la solution dans l'espace Lr (ΩT), r > 2, (ΩT = (0,T) x Ω). Puis nous nous intéressons à un problème d'identification des conductivités hydrauliques dans le cas instationnaire. Ce problème est formulé par un problème d'optimisation dont la fonction coût mesure l'écart quadratique entre les charges hydrauliques expérimentales et celles données par le modèle. / The theme of this thesis is the analysis of mathematical models describing saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers. The simplicity of sharp interface approach is chosen : there is no mass transfer between fresh water and salt water (respectively between the saturated zone and the area dry). We compensate the mathematical difficulty of the analysis of free interfaces by a vertical averaging process allowing us to reduce the 3D problem to system of pde's defined on a 2D domain Ω. A second model is obtained by combining the approach of 'sharp interface' in that with 'diffuse interface' ; this approach is derived from the theory introduced by Allen-Cahn, using phase functions to describe the phenomena of transition between fresh water and salt water (respectively the saturated and unsaturated areas). The 3D problem is then reduced to a strongly coupled system of quasi-linear parabolic equations in the unconfined case describing the evolution of the DEPTHS of two free surfaces and elliptical-parabolic equations in the case of confined aquifer, the unknowns being the depth of salt water/fresh water interface and the fresh water hydraulic head. In the first part of the thesis, the results of global in time existence are demonstrated showing that the sharp-diffuse interface approach is more relevant since it allows to establish a mor physical maximum principle (more precisely a hierarchy between the two free surfaces). In contrast, in the case of confined aquifer, we show that both approach leads to similar results. In the second part of the thesis, we prove the uniqueness of the solution in the non-degenerate case. The proof is based on a regularity result of the gradient of the solution in the space Lr (ΩT), r > 2, (ΩT = (0,T) x Ω). Then we are interest in a problem of identification of hydraulic conductivities in the unsteady case. This problem is formulated by an optimization problem whose cost function measures the squared difference between experimental hydraulic heads and those given by the model.

Ce travail de recherche est consacré à la différenciation individuelle (DI), une notion présente dans trois champs de recherche : l’identité, l’individualisme/collectivisme et la variabilité perçue dans les groupes. Avec des approches contrastées, ces trois courants ne situent pas la DI au même niveau d’analyse et adoptent des méthodologies différentes. En outre, dans ces travaux, la DI n’a qu’une place périphérique. Par conséquent, on ne sait pas exactement ce qu’elle recouvre. L’objectif de ce travail est d’approfondir le contenu théorique de la DI et de l’opérationnaliser plus précisément. Afin de comparer les méthodologies existantes, nous avons utilisé trois mesures de la DI. Une échelle générale et décontextualisée, des échelles spécifiques, contextualisées séparément et une mesure implicite fondée sur des descriptions de soi et d’autrui. L’impact du statut socioprofessionnel, du genre, du contexte et de l’ordre des descriptions dans la mesure implicite ont été examinés auprès d’une population de professionnels, agents de service et avocats. Les résultats montrent un fort impact des variables positionnelles sur la DI. Le contexte et l’ordre des descriptions ont également induit d’importantes variations. Cette recherche permet de mieux délimiter l’approche de la DI et d’étayer sa définition. La DI correspond à une norme socioculturelle induisant deux conséquences : la perception d’unicité et la recherche de différence, repérable dans les stratégies de présentation de soi. L’utilisation de mesures complémentaires semble indispensable car ces deux effets sont approchés par des mesures différentes, la mesure générale et la mesure implicite, respectivement. Sur ces deux mesures, la DI est plus importante dans les groupes dominants. Les échelles spécifiques correspondent à une mesure explicite qui produit des résultats inversés : davantage de DI dans les groupes dominés. Ce type de mesure révèle un refus des images respectives associées aux groupes dominants et dominés. Elle permet de comprendre que dans la vie quotidienne, la DI engendre de nombreux paradoxes par rapport aux besoins de conformité et d’affiliation groupale. Cette mesure reflète la gestion des contradictions induites par la DI aux plans identitaire et normatif. / The present dissertation is devoted to individual differentiation (ID), a notion that is present in three fields of research: identity, individualism/collectivism and perceived group variability. These three approaches do not consider ID at the same level of analysis and use different methods. Moreover, ID only has a peripheral place. Consequently, we do not know exactly what this notion covers. This work intended to develop the theoretical content of ID and operationalize it more precisely. With the aim to compare the existing methods, we used three measures of ID. A general and decontextualized scale, specific scales, separately contextualized and an implicit measure based on self and others descriptions. The impact of socio-professional status, gender, context and order of descriptions in the implicit measure were estimated within a population of cleaners and lawyers. Results showed a strong effect of status variables on ID. Important variations induced by context and order of descriptions were also observed. This research enabled to delimit ID approach and to develop its definition. ID refers to a socio-cultural norm that brings about two consequences: perception of uniqueness and quest of difference, located in self presentation strategies. The use of complementary measures appears necessary since these two effects are reached by different measures, general measure and implicit measure respectively. With these two measures, ID is more important in high-status groups. Specific scales refer to an explicit measure which produces the opposite result: more ID in low-status groups. This type of measure reveals a rejection of respective images associated to high and low-status groups. It enables us to understand that in everyday life, ID generates many paradoxes with regard to the needs of conformity and of group affiliation. This measure reflects the control of contradictions induced by ID that arise at an identitary level and a normative one.

Tato práce shrnuje autorův výzkum v oblasti teorie kvaternionových algeber, jejich izomorfismů a maximálních řádů. Nový úhel pohledu na tuto problematiku je umožněn využitím pojmu diskrétní normy. Za hlavní výsledky práce je možná považovat důkaz jednoznačnosti diskrétní normy pro celá čísla, kvadratická rozšíření těles a řády kvaternionových algeber. Dále větu, která umožňuje mezi dvěma kvaternionovými algebrami konstruovat izomorfismy explicitně vyjádřené v maticovém tvaru. A v neposlední řadě důkaz existence nekonečně mnoha různých maximálních řádů kvaternionové algebry. Výsledky uvedené v této diplomové práci budou dále publikovány ve vědeckém článku.

In my essay, I will explore how, as a primary teacher in a leisure home, I may try to communicate the value base we are to convey equal to the central content. It is in the sign of measurability that the school is now in the approach we applied to the students, that they have also begun to apply to themselves and their fellow human beings. They place their intrinsic value outside themselves and on results and other measurable things. I want to be able to work for them to attribute to them a self-worth and a good self-esteem, regardless of their study results or other measurable things. They live and breathe and it should suffice to acknowledge their existence and worth as fellow human beings. The questions that underlie this essay arose because I felt that we lack a dimension in discussions about the school that can highlight how we as teachers work with motivation or self-esteem. After all, trying to get students to approach new things they can't yet and trust in their own and the common life is, after all, perhaps the most important thing we can work on. I used two dilemmas where the students in their everyday situations at school express their despair and frustration at not really feeling that they are worth living as they are. I will then, through my questions, try to find out if there is any way to find a better way to equip them for life and its challenges. I start from a hermeneutic perspective to emphasize the importance of self-reflection as an important part of being able to meet and deal with myself, subject and object at the same time. I have chosen to use Gert Biesta's thoughts on what functions are at play when we talk about education. He wants us to focus on what these functions do for us so that we can discuss what is desirable based on it and not by simply looking at "what works" and what can be measured. Together with Biesta, Hannah Arendt's thoughts on the active life helps me in my search for an educational look at education that values people as complex beings and not just certain measurable parts of us. / I min essä kommer jag utforska hur jag som grundlärare inom fritidshem kan försöka kommunicera värdegrunden vi ska förmedla likställt med det centrala innehållet. Det är i mätbarhetens tecken som skolan nu befinner sig, och det mätbara synsätt vi applicerar på eleverna har de även börjat tillämpa på sig själva och sina medmänniskor. De lägger sitt egenvärde utanför sig själva, på resultat och andra mätbara saker. Jag vill kunna jobba för att eleverna ska tillskriva sig själva ett egenvärde och en god självkänsla oavsett studieresultat eller annat mätbart. De lever och andas, det borde räcka för att bekräfta deras existens och värde som medmänniskor. De frågor som ligger till grund för denna uppsats uppstod genom att jag ansåg att vi saknar en dimension i diskussioner om skolan som kan lyfta fram hur vi som lärare jobbar med motivation eller självkänsla.  Att försöka få eleverna att ge sig på nya saker de ännu inte kan och ha tillit till det egna och det gemensamma livet är trots allt kanske det viktigaste vi kan arbeta med. Jag har utgått från två dilemman där eleverna i deras vardagssituationer i skolan uttrycker sin förtvivlan och frustration över att inte riktigt känna att de duger som de är. Jag kommer sedan genom mina frågeställningar försöka undersöka om det finns något sätt att bättre rusta dem inför livet och dess utmaningar. Jag utgår från ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv för att poängtera vikten av självreflektion som en viktig del i att kunna möta och bemöta mig själv som subjekt och objekt samtidigt. Jag har valt att ta hjälp av Gert Biestas tankar om vilka funktioner som är i spel då vi pratar om utbildning. Han vill att vi ska fokusera på vad dessa funktioner gör för oss för att på så sätt kunna diskutera vad som är önskvärt och inte genom att enkom titta på ”vad som fungerar” och vad som kan mätas. Tillsammans med Biesta hjälper mig Hannah Arendts tankar om det aktiva livet mig i sökandet efter en pedagogisk blick på utbildning som värdesätter människor som komplexa varelser och inte bara vissa mätbara delar av oss.

In human-to-human contexts, display rules provide an empirically sound construct to explain intercultural differences in emotional expressivity. A very prominent finding in this regard is that cultures rooted in collectivism—such as China, South Korea, or Japan—uphold norms of emotional suppression, contrasting with ideals of unfiltered self-expression found in several Western societies. However, other studies have shown that collectivistic cultures do not actually disregard the whole spectrum of emotional expression, but simply prefer displays of socially engaging emotions (e.g., trust, shame) over the more disengaging expressions favored by the West (e.g., pride, anger). Inspired by the constant advancement of affective technology, this study investigates if such cultural factors also influence how people experience being read by emotion-sensitive computers. In a laboratory experiment, we introduce 47 Chinese and 42 German participants to emotion recognition software, claiming that it would analyze their facial micro-expressions during a brief cognitive task. As we actually present standardized results (reporting either socially engaging or disengaging emotions), we manipulate participants' impression of having matched or violated culturally established display rules in a between-subject design. First, we observe a main effect of culture on the cardiovascular response to the digital recognition procedure: Whereas Chinese participants quickly return to their initial heart rate, German participants remain longer in an agitated state. A potential explanation for this—East Asians might be less stressed by sophisticated technology than people with a Western socialization—concurs with recent literature, highlighting different human uniqueness concepts across cultural borders. Indeed, while we find no cultural difference in subjective evaluations of the emotion-sensitive computer, a mediation analysis reveals a significant indirect effect from culture over perceived human likeness of the technology to its attractiveness. At the same time, violations of cultural display rules remain mostly irrelevant for participants' reaction; thus, we argue that inter-human norms for appropriate facial expressions might be loosened if faces are read by computers, at least in settings that are not associated with any social consequence.