Solicitud de embargo por publicación en revista indexada. / El estudio correlaciona inteligencia emocional y afrontamiento al estrés. Se trabajó con 546 estudiantes de psicología, usando muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Tiene un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo relacional, utilizó Escala de inteligencia emocional percibida (Wong & Law, WLEIS) y escala de modos de afrontamiento al estrés (COPE-28). Los resultados indicaron correlaciones positivas entre inteligencia emocional y afrontamiento centrado en el problema (p 0,01), así como correlaciones negativas entre inteligencia emocional y afrontamiento centrado en la evitación (p 0,01). Estos resultados están en la misma dirección de estudios previos. / The study correlates emotional intelligence and coping with stress. Working with 546 psychology students, using non-probabilistic convenience sampling. It has a quantitative relational approach, using the Perceived Emotional Intelligence Scale (Wong & Law, WLEIS) and the Coping Modes of Stress Scale (COPE-28). The results indicated positive correlations between emotional intelligence and problem-focused coping (p 0.01), as well as negative correlations between emotional intelligence and avoidance-focused coping (p 0.01). These results are in the same direction as previous studies. / Tesis

This study examines political engagement among Syrian students at the University of Jordan who are either refugees, asylum seekers or children of Jordanian mothers. By adopting Ekman and Amnå’s conceptualization of political participation and analysing 15 semi-structured interviews, I find that the Syrian students are both engaged in manifest and latent forms of political participation. The engagement is mostly canalised through individual activities rather than collective activities. Most importantly, the engagement is less common in domestic issues than non-domestic issues. When the students are engaged in domestic issues, it is mostly in latent forms of political participation and in private activities not risking revealing their opinions to the general public. Interestingly, I find that the students are interested in Jordan public affairs but that this interest is not transformed into political action aiming to affect Jordanian political decisions. The pattern of political participation in several ways corresponds with the students’ perceptions of risks. The Syrian students associate political engagement in Jordan with perceived risks such as being deported back to Syria or facing racism. Respondents expressed that they were not politically engaged because of the risks that it could entail and engagement in activities connected to Jordan public affairs seems to be perceived as more of a risk compared to being engaged in non-domestic issues. This seems to be particularly true for activities carried out in public. My findings are important as they shed light on political engagement in authoritarian contexts in the Global South and among marginalised non-citizens.

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar las primeras evidencias psicométricas del Inventario de Pensamientos Automáticos (IPA) de Ruiz y Lujan (1991). Participaron 556 jóvenes y adultos de universidades privadas de Lima Metropolitana; 215 varones y 341 mujeres entre 18 a 30 años (Media = 20,64; σ = 2,21); el diseño fue instrumental con muestreo no probabilístico de tipo intencional. Los resultados revelan que el IPA presenta ítems con contenido representativo y relevante; asimismo, la estructura interna obtenida a través del análisis factorial exploratorio reportó tres factores subyacentes (Catastrofismo, Externalidad, Egocentrismo). Su discrepancia con la versión original, señala la necesidad de renombrar los factores e ir hacia una nueva estructura interna del IPA, la misma que revela valores aceptables (.76 a .91). Se concluye que, el IPA debe ser interpretado de forma tridimensional; aunque es necesario un análisis factorial confirmatorio para corroborar estos resultados. / The objective of the research was to analyze the first psychometric evidences of the Inventory of Automatic Thoughts (IPA) de Ruiz & Lujan (1991). 556 young people and adults from private universities in Metropolitan Lima participated; 215 men and 341 women between 18 and 30 years old (Mean = 20.64; σ = 2.21); the design was instrumental with intentional non-probabilistic sampling. The results reveal that the IPA presents items with representative and relevant content; Likewise, the internal structure obtained through exploratory factor analysis reported three underlying factors (Catastrophism, Externality, Egocentrism). Its discrepancy with the original version points out the need to rename the factors and go towards a new internal structure of the IPA, the same one that reveals acceptable values ​​(.76 to .91). It is concluded that the IPA must be interpreted in a three-dimensional way; although a confirmatory factor analysis is necessary to corroborate these results. / Tesis

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka samband mellan stress, sömn och skärmtid på smarttelefon. Urvalet bestod av totalt 81 personer på ett universitet i södra Sverige. Två hypoteser testades. 1: hög grad av faktisk skärmtid är relaterat till en hög subjektiv stressupplevelse och hög grad av sömnbesvär. 2: Låg grad av stress är associerat med låg grad av sömnbesvär. Vid insamlingen av data användes, Perceived stress scale 10 (PSS-10) och Karolinska sleep questionnaire (KSQ). För att mäta skärmtid designades två frågor, en med syfte att mäta individers subjektiva upplevelse av mängden skärmtid och en för att mäta den faktiska mängden som kan utläsas via en funktion på individers smarttelefon. Resultatet för hypotes 1 visade att faktisk skärmtid varken samvarierade med stress eller sömnbesvär. Vidare jämfördes också gruppen hög faktisk skärmtid som översteg 29 h/vecka med stress och sömnbesvär. Resultatet indikerade att en hög faktisk skärmtid och stress inte korrelerade och hög faktisk skärmtid och sömnbesvär inte korrelerade. Resultatet för hypotes 2 visade en negativ signifikant korrelation mellan variablerna stress och sömnbesvär. Det innebar att höga värden på total KSQ, mindre sömnbesvär, korrelerar med låga värden på PSS-10, låg nivå av upplevd stress. Sammanfattningsvis visade studiens resultat att faktisk skärmtid inte samvarierade med varken stress eller sömnbesvär. Dock återfanns en korrelation mellan variablerna stress och sömnbesvär. / The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between stress, sleep and screen time on smartphones. The sample consisted of a total of 81 people at a university in southern Sweden. Two hypotheses were tested. 1: High degree of actual screen time is related to a high subjective stress experience and high degree of sleep disturbance. 2: Low levels of stress are associated with low levels of sleep disturbance. In the data collection, Perceived stress scale 10 (PSS-10) and Karolinska sleep questionnaire (KSQ) were used. To measure screen time, two questions were designed, one aimed at measuring individual's subjective experience of the amount of screen time and one to measure the actual amount that can be read through a function on an individual's smartphone. The result for Hypothesis 1 showed that actual screen time did not co-vary with stress or sleep disturbance. Furthermore, the group, high actual screen time exceeding 29 h / week was also compared with the variables stress and sleep disturbance. The result indicated that a high actual screen time and stress did not correlate, and high actual screen time and sleep disturbances did not correlate either. The result for Hypothesis 2 showed a negatively significant correlation between the variables stress and sleep disorders. This meant that high values of total KSQ, less sleep disturbances, correlated with low values of PSS-10, low levels of stress. In summary, the study's results showed that actual screen time did not correlate with neither stress nor sleep disturbance. However, a correlation was found between the variables stress and sleep disturbance.

The purpose of this grounded theory qualitative study was to examine the experiences of college students who defined themselves as high-risk drinkers in order to understand the meaning and purpose that engagement in such a leisure occupation held for them. By examining the world of high-risk drinking, the study also sought to develop an understanding of the impact that high-risk drinking had upon psychosocial development during the college years. Individual open-ended interviews were conducted with four male and four female participants (aged 21 to 27). The data were analyzed by three analysts utilizing constant comparative procedures. The findings revealed an emergent grounded theory indicating high-risk drinking adhere to the serious leisure hobby framework developed by Stebbins (2007). As such, the participants had a long-term time investment with drinking, developed special skills through sustained effort, solidified a unique identity as a hobbyist, found deep meaning and purpose through the hobby, and performed the hobby within a unique and special world in concert with other hobbyists. Their high-risk drinking provided structure and a sense of belongingness within the larger university context. Further, the findings indicate that across time, facilitating factors catalyzed their engagement in the hobby, while the moderating factors became less influential. The participants also believed that their highrisk drinking will easily diminish post-graduation merely by changing their life role and context. iv Envisioning high-risk drinking as a serious leisure hobby, rather than a psychiatric or medical disorder, provides an alternative framework upon which prevention and intervention programming may be focused. Occupational therapist could provide an important health care role on campuses by assisting students to (a) understand the factors underlying the appeal of high-risk drinking, (b) understand the implications that a restricted range of leisure occupations may have upon their health, psychosocial development, and occupational identity, and (c) explore alternative health-producing leisure occupations.

El presente proyecto de una aplicación móvil para estudiantes universitarios muestra la viabilidad de su ejecución en base a la investigación realizada a lo largo del trabajo, la cual permitió detectar que tras analizar el panorama actual, muchos de estos estudiantes encontraban una serie de barreras en la búsqueda de empleos relacionados a sus carreras,. Asimismo, lo anterior se ha visto acrecentado por la pandemia, pues, ha disminuido gran parte de la demanda en el mercado laboral, por lo que se optó por la realización de una aplicación que ayude a los estudiantes universitarios a conseguir prácticas en pequeñas y medianas empresas de una manera más sencilla, eficiente y directa. De esta manera nació SolusJob. SolusJob consiste en una aplicación que sirve como intermediaria entre estudiantes universitarios y empresas que necesiten de servicios específicos, lo cual les dará la posibilidad a los estudiantes de mostrar sus habilidades, dando la posibilidad de brindarles empleo a plazo fijo, con lo cual podrán cumplir con los requerimientos de prácticas pre-profesionales. Para poner en marcha este proyecto se hizo un análisis del mercado, además, se desarrollaron una serie de planes operativos, los cuales contienen una serie de estrategias necesarias para asegurar su viabilidad. / The present project of a mobile application for university students shows the viability of its execution based on the research carried throughout the project, which allowed detecting that after analyzing the current panorama, many of these students faced a series of barriers in the search for jobs related to their careers. Likewise, the above has been increased by the pandemic, since a large part of the demand in the labor market has decreased, so it was decided to carry out an application that helps university students to get internships in small and medium-sized companies in a simpler, more efficient and direct way. In this way, SolusJob was born. SolusJob consists of an application that serves as an intermediary between university students and companies that need specific services, which will give students the possibility to show their skills, giving them the possibility of offering them fixed-term employment, with which they will be able to comply with the requirements of a pre-professional internship. To start this project, a market analysis was carried out, in addition, a series of operational plans were developed, which contain a series of strategies necessary to ensure its viability. / Trabajo de investigación

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo determinar una solución a la problemática de no poder decidir que carrera reflejada los jóvenes en etapa escolar cursando cuarto y quinto de secundaria incluyendo a los que culminaron secundaria y no iniciaron sus estudios universitarios. El proyecto refleja un modelo de negocio Freemium basado en un servicio dónde el cliente experimenta con la aplicación durante siete días de manera gratuita, en caso sea de su agrado y cumpla con sus expectativas, tiene la opción de adquirir el servicio premium en base a dos planes, uno para alumnos que no tienen en mente ninguna carrera y otro para los que tienen una noción de que estudiar. Este servicio no cuenta con restricciones y ofrece una variedad de herramientas dividida en tres bloques. El desarrollo del trabajo de investigación empieza identificando una necesidad personal en distintos servicios, pero no en uno solo que aplique todos los demás. Por lo tanto, se aplicaron muchas entrevistas para identificar a mayor detalle la situación de los alumnos. Después, se realizó el planteamiento del proyecto al identificar las formas más eficientes de llegar al cliente, se establecieron dos segmentos, alumnos y profesores. Se prepararon los canales y medios de llegada a los dos públicos objetivos para vender mientras se cumplen las metas para poder adaptarse al mercado. Por ende, se realizó un plan financiero para lograr identificar una visión real sobre la rentabilidad y viabilidad del proyecto. / The present research work aims to determine a solution to the issue of not being able to decide which career choose reflected in youths studying in fourth and fifth grade of high school, including those who finished studies and haven’t started college. The project reflects a Freemium business model based on a service where the client interacts with the application for seven days at no cost. If they feel comfortable and meets their expectations, they can invest in two service plans, the first one for students who have no profession in mind and the second one for those who would like to explore requirements for entering a career field. This service has no restrictions and offers a variety of devices divided into three blocks. The development of the research work begins by identifying a personal need in different services, not only in just one but also one that applies to all others. Therefore, a considerable number of interviews were applied to identify meaningful details about the situation of the students. Afterwards, the project was carried out by identifying the efficient ways to reach the client, two segments were established, students and teachers. The channels and media to reach the two target audiences were prepared to market the service while achieving the objectives established to be able to adapt to the market. Therefore, a financial plan was made to identify a real vision about the profitability and viability of the project. / Trabajo de investigación

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar la relación entre la adicción a redes sociales y rasgos de personalidad en universitarios peruanos. Se contó con la participación de 813 jóvenes y adultos de Lima Metropolitana, cuyas edades oscilaron entre 18 a 36 años (Media = 20.69; DE = 3.94); 18.33 % son varones y 81.67 % son mujeres. Se administró, el Cuestionario de Adicción a Redes Sociales de Escurra y Salas (2014) e Inventario de personalidad “Big Five Inventory-15-P (Dominguez-Lara & Merino-Soto, 2018). Los resultados revelan que existe una gran relación entre la ARS con Responsabilidad, para Neuroticismo, Afabilidad y Extraversión la relación es moderada; para Apertura a la Experiencia, pequeña. Asimismo, las comparaciones según sexo, indican que las puntuaciones en los factores de personalidad son superiores en las mujeres; mientras que, los varones tienen puntuaciones más altas en las dimensiones del ARS. Se discuten los resultados y sus implicancias. / The present study aimed to examine the relationship between addiction to social networks and personality traits in Peruvian university students. 813 young people and adults from Metropolitan Lima participated; whose ages ranged from 18 to 36 years (Mean = 20.69; SD = 3.94); 18.33% are male and 81.67 % are female. The Escurra y Salas (2014) Social Media Addiction Questionnaire and the Personality Inventory “Big Five Inventory-15-P (Dominguez-Lara & Merino-Soto, 2018) were administered. The results reveal that there is a great relationship between SNA and Responsibility, while Neuroticism, Affability and Extraversion correlations are moderate; the lowest relationship is presented by Openess to Experience. Likewise, the comparisons according to sex indicate that the scores in the personality factors are higher in women; while, males have higher scores on the ARS dimensions. However, the magnitude of the difference is small for most. The results and their implications are discussed. / Trabajo de investigación

Research has shown that university students are extra vulnerable to experiencing loneliness because of the social, structural, and behavioral changes associated with starting to study at university. Studies have also shown that different attachment profiles can have an impact on an individual's experience of loneliness. A lot of earlier research has investigated loneliness as one whole concept, so the aim of the present study was to look into both emotional and social loneliness in university students and to understand their relationship with adult attachment. One-hundred and twenty-six university students over 18 years old answered De Jong-Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS) and Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) through an online survey. A quantitative between groups design was used to explore the specific aims of the study. For the statistical analysis the participants were divided into four groups based on type and amount of loneliness. The results of the study showed that emotional loneliness was associated with insecure-ambivalent attachment and social loneliness associated with insecure-avoidant attachment. Those with high levels of emotional loneliness had significantly higher levels of insecure-ambivalent attachment compared with those with high levels of social loneliness. Individuals with low levels of both loneliness types, had significantly higher levels of secure attachment and lower levels of insecure attachment compared with the other groups, which indicates that the more securely attached an individual is the less lonely he or she is. / Forskning har visat att universitetsstudenter är extra sårbara vad gäller upplevd ensamhet på grund av de sociala, strukturella och beteendemässiga förändringarna som är associerade med att börja studera på universitet. Studier har även visat att olika typer av anknytnings profiler kan ha en påverkan på en individs upplevda ensamhet. Mycket av den tidigare forskningen har undersökt ensamhet som ett enda koncept, så syftet med denna studie var att undersöka både emotionell och social ensamhet hos universitetsstudenter och förstå deras relation till vuxenanknytning. Deltagarna bestod av 126 universitetsstudenter över 18 år som svarade på De Jong-Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS) och Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) genom en webb-baserad enkät. En kvantitativ mellangruppsdesign användes för att undersöka studiens specifika syften. För den statistiska analysen delades deltagarna in i fyra grupper baserat på typ och mängd av ensamhet. Resultatet av studien visade att emotionell ensamhet var associerat med otrygg-ambivalent anknytning och social ensamhet var associerat med otrygg-undvikande anknytning. De med höga nivåer av emotionell ensamhet hade signifikant högre nivåer av otrygg-ambivalent anknytning jämfört med de som hade höga nivåer av social ensamhet. Individer som hade låga nivåer av båda typerna av ensamhet, hade signifikant högre nivåer av trygg anknytning och lägre nivåer av otrygg anknytning jämfört med de andra grupperna, vilket tyder på att ju tryggare anknytning man har desto mindre ensam känner man sig.

The purposes of this study were to examine the problems of international students, assess the intensity of these problems, and describe relationships between the intensity of the problems and the following demographic variables: age, gender, number of years in the study of English, number of years living in the United States, grade point average at North Texas State University, major area of study at North Texas State University, and country of origin. International students pragmatically view their sojourn in the United States as an educational experience that will allow them to improve their minds and to travel. Financial concerns were expressed by the desire to work either part time or during vacation periods. As a group, international students do not exhibit concerns which debilitate their movement toward established goals. However, there are individual students who are in need of cultural refraining, communication abilities, and coping skills.