Der Beitrag untersucht die Filme WarGames (USA 1983), Krieg und Frieden (BRD 1982) und Der Dritte Weltkrieg (BRD 1998) als Dokumente aus der letzten Phase des Kalten Krieges. Die Filme behandeln Ausnahmesituationen, in denen jeweils die Grenzen souveräner Entscheidung in einer lebensbedrohlichen Krise verhandelt werden. Sie entwerfen eine mögliche Zukunft ebenso wie einen kontrafaktischen Verlauf der Geschichte. Ihre Dynamik beziehen die zwar fiktionalen, aber denkbaren Erzählungen aus der Spieltheorie, aus Simulationen und aus der Kraft der historischen Imagination.

I takt med Covid-19-pandemins framväxt har de flesta företag tvingats till en mer virtuell kommunikationsform där möjligheten till traditionella, fysiska interaktioner kraftigt minskat. Denna studie undersöker hur globala, multikulturella team upplever omställningen till ett mer virtuellt arbete och hur det påverkar deras möjlighet att vara kreativa. Det har tidigare genomförts en mängd forskning på kreativitetsrelaterade utmaningar som multikulturella team ställs inför. Det saknas däremot studier på de utmaningar som virtuella globala, multikulturella team möter, vars tillgång till traditionell kommunikation är begränsad. För att studera detta har en kvalitativ studie genomförts. De tre kreativitetsrelaterade huvudkomponenterna, kulturell mångfald, kommunikation och konflikt, har undersökts. Med bakgrund i dessas samspel och förhållandet till virtualitet och kreativitet resulterar studien i att omställningen till en mer virtuell miljö upplevs, av teamen, vara hämmande för kreativitet. Framför allt avsaknaden av informell kommunikation visas vara den huvudsakliga anledningen till detta. / Along with the Covid-19-pandemic, most companies across the globe have been forced to work in a more virtual way, where access to traditional, physical interactions has been reduced. This study therefore investigates how global, multicultural teams experience the adjustment to more virtual work and how it affects their perceived possibility to be creative. Previously, numerous studies have been conducted regarding creativity-related challenges that global, multicultural teams face. However, what seems to be missing is research on the challenges that virtual global, multicultural teams face, whose access to traditional communication is limited. To examine this a qualitative study has been conducted. The three creativity-related key components, cultural diversity, communication, and conflict have been analyzed. With a background in their interplay and their liaison to virtuality and creativity, this thesis concludes that the change to a more virtual way to work is perceived by the teams to have an inhibitory effect on creativity. The deprivation of informal communication is especially shown to be the primary reason for this.

This dissertation focuses on the problematic of the use of specific virtual representational methods and their influence on the construction of the new visuality. The aim of this dissertation is to show how computer simulations and visualizations used in medical imaging change the way of our apprehension of the world. Nowadays, within academic circles we witness both optimistic and sceptic theories concerning the effects of integration of computer technology and human apprehension. In this work we would like to answer the question about the type of knowledge we gain through virtual visualizations and we would like to prove that virtual simulations don't necessarily have to be a threat but, on the contrary, by developing visual imagination they can support new, creative apprehension of reality. Key words Linear perspective, logic of database, narrative, rhizome, scopic regime, simulation, simulacrum, virtuality, vision, visuality, visualization

Este proyecto se encuentra basado en brindar ayuda al público amante de las plantas, ya sea desde crear su vivero en casa, tener una amplia colección de plantas, mantenerlas como decoración para el hogar e inclusive para los que les encanta las plantas pero no saben cómo hacer crecer esa semilla como cuando el sembrío y/o germinación de plantas falla, es por eso que nace la idea de crear PlantApp que es un aplicativo móvil que busca conectar a expertos en jardinería con personas con este interés y que buscan un eficiente proceso de germinación y no presente problemas. Además, la aplicación también ofrece el área de Marketplace en donde se encuentran todos los productos necesarios de jardinería. Por un lado, para determinar que el proyecto sea viable se realizó una investigación cualitativa en las cuales se encontraron algunas barreras para este emprendimiento, una fue la desconfianza de los usuarios hacia la app, porque no es muy conocida en el mercado y además muchos de ellos esperan que cumplan las expectativas y que sea eficaz la comunicación con el experto y encontrar una solución al problema que presente el usuario en este camino. Por otro lado, se realizaron las entrevistas y cotizaciones pertinentes para la investigación cuantitativa del presente proyecto con diferentes tiendas en el rubro de la jardinería y del rubro del desarrollo web para poder llegar a realizar un flujo de caja eficaz a lo largo de los 3 primeros años y encontrar nuestro periodo de recupero óptimo. / This project is based on providing help to the plant-loving public, either from creating a nursery at home, having a large collection of plants, keeping them as home decoration and even for those who love plants but do not know how to grow that seed as when the sowing and / or germination of plants fails, that is why the idea of creating PlantApp was born, which is a mobile application that seeks to connect gardening experts with people with this interest and looking for an efficient germination process and not present problems. In addition, the application also offers the Marketplace area where all the necessary gardening products can be found. On the one hand, to determine that the project is viable, a qualitative research was conducted in which some barriers were found for this venture, one was the distrust of users towards the app, because it is not well known in the market and also many of them expect it to meet the expectations and to be effective communication with the expert and find a solution to the problem that the user presents in this way. On the other hand, we conducted interviews and relevant quotes for the quantitative research of this project with different stores in the field of gardening and web development in order to get to make an effective cash flow over the first 3 years and find our optimal recovery period. / Trabajo de investigación

The distance setting induced by the Covid-19 outbreak in 2020 forced many employees into a new work setting. The accounting sector was no exception, seeing an increasing rate of remote work further accelerated by the pandemic. It is well established that remote work has a variety of consequences, and that these can impact motivation. Therefore, this paper aims to identify and analyze the consequences of remote work on the motivation of a team within the accounting field. Specifically, the paper investigates a team of controllers’ perceptions of work-related changes and their consequences using Herzberg, Mauser, and Snyderman’s (1993) motivation-hygiene theory. Through qualitative interviews, the investigation found perceived changes in company policies, working conditions, recognition, and supervision to impact motivation differently between the respondents. Further, the study concludes that personal life and interpersonal relations are subject to changes in a virtual setting and had impacts on motivation on the team level while telecommuting. / Till följd av Covid-19 pandemin som bröt ut 2020 försattes många anställda i en ny, virtuell arbetsmiljö. Redovisningssektorn, som såg en ökad grad av hemarbete till följd av pandemin, var inget undantag till detta fenomen. Det är väl etablerat att distansarbetet hade flera konsekvenser, och att dessa kunde påverka motivation. Av den anledningen syftar denna uppsats till att identifiera och analysera distansarbetes konsekvenser för ett team inom redovisningssektorn. Mer specifikt undersöks en enhet som jobbar med ekonomistyrning och deras uppfattning av arbetsrelaterade förändringar och dess konsekvenser enligt Herzberg, Mausner, och Snydermans (1993) tvåfaktorsteori. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer fann studien att respondenterna uppfattade förändringar i företagspolicy, arbetsförhållanden, erkännande och övervakning och att dessa förändringar påverkade respondenternas motivation på olika sätt. Vidare dras slutsatsen att privatliv och mellanmänskliga relationer påverkade motivationen på teamnivå under distansarbetet.

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<p> In recent years, there has been a performance management revolution, making it especially critical that researchers study the informal exchange of feedback outside of the formal review. In this dissertation, I conduct two studies that focus on informal, constructive feedback. In study 1, I validate a measure that captures constructiveness of feedback and another that captures the degree to which work relies on virtual interactions. In study 2, I draw on interpersonal attraction theory to develop a dyadic model that tests three sets of hypotheses using polynomial regression and response surface methodology. First, I test the direct effects of leader-employee (L-E) relational attribute agreement on constructive feedback. Second, I contextualize this dyadic interaction by testing two moderators – gender similarity and virtuality of work. Finally, I examine constructive feedback as a mediating mechanism between L-E relational attribute agreement and three sets of beneficial (job performance and work engagement), consequential (turnover intentions and stress) and interpersonal (prosocial behavior and relationship conflict) outcomes. Overall, my hypotheses received mixed support. In L-E dyads with agreement at high levels of relational attributes, employees experienced more constructive feedback compared to those in L-E dyads that agreed their relational attributes were at low levels. Surprisingly, it was not the case that the extent to which leaders and employees agreed on their relational attributes (whether at high or low levels) was better than disagreeing for constructive feedback. The strength of the relationship between L-E relational attribute agreement and constructive feedback was marginally influenced by gender similarity, but not by virtuality of work. Finally, constructiveness of feedback mediated the relationship between L-E relational attribute agreement and work engagement. Overall, the results show that positive L-E work relationships are important for constructive feedback and motivating employees, especially when the leader and employee both view the relationship positively.</p>

This dissertation is a theoretical study of the role of virality/virulence as a predominant technological term in the reproduction of social and cultural information in the digital age. I argue that viral media are not new phenomena, only the name is new. Media have always behaved as viruses; it is only when they become hyper-intensified in digital technology that their virulent function surfaces in language and culture. The project examines processes of self-replication and evolution undergone by various new media phenomena as they relate back to the global profusion of social networks, data centers, and cybernetic practices. Drawing from several contributions in media theory, political and social theory, and critical media studies, I argue that digital media have a hyper-intensifying effect on whatever objects, subjects, or realities they mediate or represent; thus networked societies are virulently swarmed by their own signs and images in information. Through an examination of three primary categories of digital proliferation—language, visuality, and sexuality—I situate digital culture in a framework of virulence, arguing that the digital may be best understood as an effect of cultural hyper-saturation and implosion. I argue that virulent media networking processes come to constitute a powerful cybernetic system, which renders the human subject a mere function in its global operations. Lastly, I begin to develop a political critique of cybernetics, claiming that the proliferation of information, digital media, and communicative/representational technologies in the contemporary world emerges through an intensified ideological, economic, social, cultural, and metaphysical framework of productivism. This intensification engenders a system, or series of communicational circuits, whereby all techno-subjective activities are strategically stimulated, networked, recorded, and algorithmically appropriated to strengthen and reproduce 1) a global productivist system of cybernetics; 2) The material and ideological conditions for such a system to exist and thrive; 3) limitless virtual and digital production. / Ph. D.

This thesis concerns the 2.0 decade, the decade when the social web started to develop. The main research objective is to contribute to our embedment in Internet technology in a conscious and livable way. The thesis is part of a general attempt to improve our understanding of the transformation taking place in the development of the web. We live in a time when knowledge contexts are moving from expert knowledge towards conversational knowledge. My research is mainly presented in the form of five essays. This thesis can be described as a conversational analysis of knowledge processes during the 2.0 decade. The 2.0 decade came to life in the wake of the information technology bubble in the end of the 1990s. The first decade of the 2000s was the decade when &apos;the Web&apos; became &apos;Web 2.0&apos; and the energy of the Internet switched from monetary speculations to conversations. Everyone wanted to start conversations and build digital technology, which induced conversations. Like the concept Web 2.0, this thesis came to life in the wake of the information technology bubble. It presupposes the knowledge relation between humans and our technology to be conversational rather than rational. This basically means that digital technology is not a tool but an integrated part in the person assemblage. There are many important thinkers embedded in this thesis. Some of them are more important than others, notably Gilles Deleuze and Donna Haraway. However, the thesis does not analyze the text of other thinkers, it involves them in the conversation. Important concepts as assemblage, rhizome (Deleuze) and cyborg (Haraway) are participants in the text rather than being its objectives. They are part of the general experience behind the essays, together with all the persons I have linked up to and the digital technology I have tried to become with. To become with (or develop together with) technology means to acknowledge the idea that technology is more than a tool. It is something within, not something external.

En s'appuyant sur les outils fournis par la théorie de la littérature et la littérature comparée, cette thèse vise à mettre en évidence les relations entre la littérature hypertextuelle et la littérature potentielle développée par le groupe Oulipo (Ouvroir de Littérature Potentielle). Plus précisément, l'analyse des oeuvres hypertextuelles des principaux écrivains du groupe (Raymond Queneau, Georges Perec, Italo Calvino et Jacques Roubaud, sans que cela soit un obstacle à en convoquer d'autres) est une tentative de démontrer l'importance de l'Oulipo pour la naissance, le développement et la consolidation de l'hypertexte, compris comme une forme d'écriture multiséquentielle où différents fragments textuels reliés entre eux offrent un choix d'itinéraires de lecture. Cette conception structurelle du phénomène accueille à la fois les hypertextes sur support papier et les hypertextes numériques, tout en permettant de parcourir parallèlement l'histoire des littératures potentielle et hypertextuelle, depuis les années soixante (où sont forgés les deux termes), jusqu'à nos jours / The present dissertation aims to reveal the connections between hypertextual literature and potential literature developed by Oulipo (Ouvroir de Littérature Potentielle) using the tools given by the literary theories and comparative literature. More precisely, analysing the hypertextual works of the main driving forces of this literary group - Raymond Queneau, Georges Perec, Italo Calvino and Jacques Roubaud, among others - represents a way of proving the capital importance of Oulipo in the birth, developing and consolidation of hypertext as a form of multi-sequential writing, in which different parts of a text offer different itineraries for a particular reading. Conceiving this phenomenon structurally means including paper hypertexts as well as digital hypertexts, and makes possible a parallel journey along the history of potential and hypertext literature from the 1960s decade - where both terms where coined - to the present moment.