Orientador: Prof. Dr. Adalberto Mantovani Matiniano de Azevedo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Políticas Públicas, São Bernardo do Campo, 2018.

Abstract This paper is a peer-review about social workers´ experiences and descriptions of making individual assessments of their unemployed clients when working toward self-sufficiency and eventual obstacle for making them. The paper also deals with how social workers prioritize their work tasks. The study was conducted through interviews with five social workers at the same workplace. The results have been analyzed using theories of discretion, street-level bureaucrats and client dimensions within a street-level bureaucracy. The result shows that lack of time and limitation of discretion have negative influences in the social workers’ ability to make individual assessments. The result also shows that individual assessments are foremost made when the clients mismanage their planning and are risking not getting their application for financial assistance approved. Further the results show that the processing of applications and payment of financial assistance is a priority task since it is considered to be most important to clients and result in the greatest consequences for both social workers and clients if not performed. The discussion that follows is about the possible consequences of prioritizing work tasks this way. / Sammanfattning Denna uppsats är en kollegiegranskning och handlar om socialsekreterares upplevelser och erfarenheter av att göra individuella bedömningar av sina arbetslösa klienter i arbetet mot självförsörjning och eventuella hinder för dessa. Uppsatsen beskriver även om hur socialsekreterare prioriterar sina arbetsuppgifter. Studien har genomförts genom intervjuer med 5 socialsekreterare på en arbetsplats. Resultatet har analyserats utifrån teorier om handlingsutrymme, frontlinjebyråkrater och klientdimensioner inom en frontlinjebyråkrati. Resultatet visar att tidsbrist och begränsningar i handlingsutrymmet båda är faktorer som har en negativ påverkan på en socialsekreterares förutsättningar att göra individuella bedömningar. Resultatet visar även att individuella bedömningar främst görs när en klient misskött sin planering och riskerar avslag på sin ansökan om ekonomiskt bistånd. Vidare visar resultatet att handläggning av ansökningar om och utbetalning av ekonomiskt bistånd är en prioriterad arbetsuppgift då den anses vara viktigast för klienterna samt resulterar i störst konsekvenser för både socialsekreterare och klienter om den inte utförs.

Befattningen enhetschef innefattar mängder av krav från brukare, anhöriga, politiker och även krav som följer med uppdraget. De arbetssituationer som chefer hanterar kan kräva resurser och stöd som underlättar och gör arbetet hanterbart. Lagförändringar inom funktionshinderomsorgen som skett de senaste åren och har gjort att förutsättningarna för enhetscheferna har ändrats (Socialstyrelsen, 2018). Syftet med denna studie är att belysa enhetschefers arbetssituation inom funktionshinderområdet och uppmärksamma det stöd som underlättar arbetet samt de strategier som enhetscheferna använder sig av. Datainsamlingen genomfördes genom öppna intervjuer med åtta respondenter. Intervjuerna transkriberades och analyserades genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet visar att intervjuade enhetschefer upplever en hög grad av administrativt stöd från IT- och HR-avdelningarna. Brister i enhetschefernas arbetsmiljö uppstår också när möjligheten till ersättare är begränsad. Fysisk närhet och personligt förhållande till chefskollegor är en viktig aspekt av enhetschefernas stödsystem, men detta kan även vara en börda. Belastningen är stor i proportion till arbetets tids- och resursaspekt. Det finns en oförståelse från politikerna och ledningen när det gäller verksamhetsområdet och utformandet av insatserna för att tillgodose brukares behov. Aktuell studie bidrar med en förståelse av brister i enhetschefers arbetsmiljö vilket är en utgångspunkt för att skapa hållbara arbetsförhållanden och verksamheter med god kvalité. / The position as unit manager includes a number of demands from users, relatives and political decision makers as well as the demands of the assignment itself. The work situations that managers deal with may require resources and support in order to make the work manageable. The change in legislation of disability care during recent year has changed the conditions for unit manager (The national board of health and welfare, 2018). The aim of this study is to highlight the support the unit managers need and the strategies that they may use in order to function in a changeable and stressful work situation. The data collection of the study was conducted through open-ended interviews with eight respondents. The interviews were then transcribed and analyzed by a qualitative content analysis. The result shows that the interviewed unit managers experience a high level of administrative support from the IT and HR departments. Deficiencies in the unit managers' work environment arise when no substitute managers are engaged. Our interviews indicate that the burden of the unit manager’s assignment is too large in proportion to the time and resource that are allocated for the work. There is also a lack of understanding from politicians and management to design efforts that is needed to meet the needs of the end users and the unit manager. Physical closeness and personal relationships to senior colleagues are an important aspect of unit managers’ support system, but this can also be a burden. Current study contributes to an understanding of shortcomings in the unit manager's work environment, which is a starting point for creating sustainable work conditions and activities with good quality.

This theses, called "Chances and restrains in social worker's profession in Ústí region" is dealing with social worker's profession in self-government context. It's setting off social workers from non-profit organizations. During beginning it's talking about theoretical basis, inevitably bound with social work's field, with focusing on social worker as part of assisting profession. It is, in particular, about opportunities or on the contrary about restrains/limits/barriers, which affects this field of specific self- governing area - Štětí city. Concretely it is about participants, which have here influence on life of local people/potential clients. All under surveillance of superior agency - higher self-government area - social work's methodologists of Ústí region. Research part of this thesis is based on semi-structured interview of previously mentioned participants, which gives overlook how each and every one of them sees limitations in practical social work's overlooks. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

No description available.

Uppsatsens syfte var att öka förståelsen för hur utredande socialsekreterare i arbetet med barn och unga förhåller sig till insatsen kontaktfamilj och vad som påverkar deras bedömning av den. I studien användes en kvalitativ metod och sammanlagt genomfördes nio intervjuer med yrkesverksamma socialsekreterare som arbetar med barn och unga. De teoretiska perspektiv som använts i studien är utvecklingsekologi och gräsrotsbyråkrati. Studiens resultat visar att kontaktfamiljsinsatsen är en insats med blandade åsikter och erfarenheter av. Det skiljer sig emellan socialsekreterarna vad som bedöms vara barnets bästa och det finns även en delad bild gällande om barnen har nytta av insatsen om den är riktad till barnets vårdnadshavare. Resultaten visar också att det saknas kriterier för när insatsen ska användas samt att de få riktlinjer som finns belyser när insatsen inte ska användas. / The purpose of the study was to increase the understanding of how Child welfare social workers address the intervention contact family and what factors impact their assessment of it. The study uses a qualitative method, and nine interviews were made with social workers who work with children and youngsters. The theoretical perspectives used in the study is ecological systems theory and street-level bureaucracy theory. The result of the study shows that the contact family is an intervention with divided views and experiences. What is seen as the best interest of the child differs between the social workers and there is also a divided opinion regarding the benefits for the children if the intervention is targeted at the parents. The results also show a lack of criteria of when the intervention should be used, and the few existing guidelines highlight when the intervention should not be used.

Syftet med uppsatsen är dels att undersöka socialsekreterares upplevelser av stödinsatser till personer med missbruksproblem, med särskilt fokus på tillämpningen av tvångslagstiftningen Lag (1988:870) om vård av missbrukare i vissa fall (LVM), dels huruvida socialsekreterare upplever etiska dilemman vid bedömning av LVM och hur sådana dilemman kan hanteras. Uppsatsen bygger på en kvalitativ studie där totalt sex semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med socialsekreterare i olika kommuner i Sverige. Genom en tematisk analys, har vårt empiriska material analyserats. Teman som framkom var handlingsutrymme utifrånRiktlinjer och samarbete, Bedömning av helheten, Motivationsarbete, Tankar om tolkningsutrymme samt vård och Etiska dilemman. Det empiriska materialet har även analyserats med hjälp av tidigare forskning och teoretiska begrepp, det vill säga gräsrotsbyråkrati och handlingsutrymme. Resultatet visade att socialsekreterarna upplevde att samarbete med kollegor, teamledare och chefer var viktigt vid inledning av LVM. Vidare menade de intervjuade socialsekreterarna att riktlinjer och lagtext tydliggör när tvångsomhändertagande ska tillämpas. De uppgav dock att lagtexten är en svårighet på grund av tolkningsutrymmet. Etiska dilemman som lyftes av socialsekreterarna hängde samman med att klientens självbestämmanderätt försvinner vid tillämpning av LVM, samtidigt som klientens liv är i fara om LVM inte tillämpas. / The aim of this study was to examine the experiences of social secretaries, in support measures for people with substance abuse problems, with special focus on the application of the law Lag (1988:870) om vård av missbrukare i vissa fall (LVM). Additionally we examined potential ethical dilemmas and how these are handled by the social secretary. The study is based on a qualitative study where a total of six semi-structured interviews were conducted with social secretaries from different municipalities in Sweden. Through a thematic analysis, our empirical material was analyzed. Themes that emerged were Room for maneuver based on guidelines and laws, The overall assessment, Motivational work, Thoughts on room for interpretation, Care and Ethical dilemmas. The empirical material has been analyzed with the help of previous research and theoretical concepts. The results showed that the participants' collaboration with colleagues, team leaders and managers was important when initiating compulsory care. Further, the respondents emphasized that guidelines and legislation clarify when compulsory treatment is to be applied. However, the social secretaries stated that there were difficulties with the scope for interpretation. An ethical dilemma highlighted by the social secretaries was that the client's right to self- determination disappears when applying LVM, at the same time as the client's life is in danger if LVM is not applied.

Research shows evidence of overrepresentation of culturally and linguistically diverse children enrolled in special education services, a positive correlation between parent involvement and academic success, and a plethora of barriers impeding active 6 parent participation in IEP development. Barriers include language, culture, low income, . and school climate and team dynamics. The aim of this study was to explore: (a) In what ways do special education teachers engage with culturally and linguistically diverse families from low-income homes in the IEP development process? (b) In what ways do special education teachers address culturally and linguistically diverse children's educational needs while also addressing both legal and workplace expectations? (c) In what ways do special education teachers develop IEPs with culturally and linguistically diverse families from low-income homes addressing both legal and workplace expectations? These questions were addressed qualitatively utilizing Moustakas's heuristic inquiry. Deductively exploring themes using Lipsky's street-level bureaucracy framework exposed challenges special education teachers in this study had addressing both legal and workplace expectations, such as meeting IDEA 2004 mandates. With a systems theory approach, themes and subthemes were identified as being interconnected. Power imbalances between stakeholders and socioeconomic differences across families appeared to be the most prolific barriers impeding parent participation. Inductive analysis explored emergent and uncovered themes elucidating what it meant to be a special education teacher.

Studien har som syfte att utveckla förståelse och kunskap om biståndshandläggares agerande inom äldreomsorgen. Studien avser att belysa och fördjupa förståelsen för dilemman och svårigheter som kan uppstå i handläggningsprocessen samt hur dessa kan hanteras. Studien teoretiska ansats utgår från gräsrotsbyråkrati samt olika copingstrategier och etiska aspekter. Det empiriska materialet har inhämtats genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med biståndshandläggare. Resultatet påvisar att de upplevda svårigheterna finns i samverkan, inom organisationens struktur samt arbetet med kunder och deras anhöriga. Biståndshandläggare hanterar dessa svårigheter genom kollegialt stöd samt från kollegor och närmaste chef. Vidare framkommer att biståndshandläggare är omfattande. Individen behöver hantera flera saker samtidigt. Deras upplevelse är att det inte alltid finns tillräckligt med resurser för att utföra sitt arbete på ett tillfredsställande sätt. / The purpose of this study is to expand the understanding and knowledge of the professional role of Social service officers in elderly care. The study intends to shed light on and deepen the understanding of the dilemmas and difficulties that may arise in the trial process and how these could be handled. The study’s theoretical approach is based on street-level bureaucracy as well as different coping strategies and ethical aspects. The empirical material has been obtained through semi-structured interviews with Social service officers. The results shows that the perceived difficulties exist in collaboration, within the organization's structure and in the work towards clients and their relatives. Social service officers deal with these difficulties by finding support from collegial meetings, as well as from colleagues and the immediate foreman. Furthermore, it appears that Social service officers is a diverse professional role where the individual needs to handle several arrents at the same time, and the experience is that there are not always enough resources to carry out their work in a satisfactory manner.

This diploma thesis concerns the topic of inclusive education in the Czech Republic with a focus on school counseling staff as the main representatives of street-level bureaucracy in the process of inclusive education. The general aim of this study is to examine the situation after the implementation of the Amendment No. 82/2015 Coll. of the Education Act from the point of view of school counseling staff. Moreover, the study also examines whether the current position of street-level bureaucracy in the inclusive education process is well-set and whether the current system settings meet the needs of the recipients of service. The objectives are fulfilled via qualitative research, particularly eight semi- structured interviews with school counseling staff and two semi-structured interviews with NGO representatives, and analysis of relevant public policy documents. Based on the qualitative research among these respondents, it concludes that the work concluded that there is scope for improvement in many ways in the current form of inclusive education in the Czech Republic, especially in staffing, financial support and mutual communication and cooperation among the actors involved.