中共於2013年11月召開十八屆三中全會，並發佈《中共中央關於全面深化改革若干重大問題的決定》這份16個改革方向和60個改革要點的決議中，有關司法改革部分以「法院去地方化、去行政化」受到高度關注。2014年10月中共的十八屆四中全會以依法治國作為主軸，並具體化「法院去地方化、去行政化」的改革路徑，提出「推動省以下地方法院人財物統一管理；探索建立與行政區劃適當分離的司法管轄制度。」此次司法改革議題是針對中國法院體制提出結構性的變革，改變了以往程序技術性的改革。目前，綜觀臺灣學界，以「現行中國法院體制之沿革與弊端；中國歷次司法改革之改革核心要點」兩大互動關係作為分析，較為罕見。本研究旨在廓清「中國推動依法治國下之法院體制改革核心」，內容以「憲法－法律－司法政策」作為分析架構，研究中國法院的人事與財政制度，透過法條解析與最高人民法院歷屆的《五年改革綱要》，了解中國法院的結構性弊端成因與進入高度成熟市場經濟的司法改革關注重點。以透析中國司法制度在現行法律規範的框架下，法院人財物與法官管理體制所呈現出嚴格屬地化原則的運行模式，進一步檢視中共十八大三中與四中全會所提出的法院去地方化、去行政化之改革路徑與核心。主要研究成果，發現以下訊息：以省級高等法院作為跨行政區劃管轄制度的基礎才是法院去地方化的改革關鍵。然而，中國所選擇的北京市與上海市的跨行政區劃的法院管轄之試點改革，仍然局限在一個省級框架內部，新設置在直轄市的中級法院仍舊是「同級黨政機關決定法院的財政人事」制度模式。若能作到省級高等法院切斷與省級人大人財物的供給，將觸及到中共十八大三中與四中全會所提出結構性司法改革之真正核心。 / The Third and Fourth Plenum of 18th CPC Central Committee passed the Decision on Major Issues of comprehensively Deepening Reform and Decision on Major Issues of comprehensively promoting the Rule of Law. The most important proposals concerning China’s judicial system reform is centered on the Court independence from localized political authority and bureaucratized. The current situations that Court’s independence and judge’s independence seem difficult in China is partly due to administration and localization. Up to now, it’s one very pressing issue in judicial reform is to properly deal with the multiple relations related with judicial system, under the Constitution of PROC. The relations include the external relations with CPC , power authority , administrative authority and citizen. The internal relations contain power allocation , supervision and restriction and personnel administration with the Court. This study aims to clarify the orientation of judicial system reform under China’s deepening the Rule of Law and it will focus on how the China’s Court to be apart from localized political authority and bureaucratized.

金融科技之網路借貸平台(P2P Lending或Alternative Lending Platform)在互聯網、物聯網、帳聯網、大數據、社群媒體、行動科技等磅礡發展之下，有效地在存貸業務範疇之出借人和借款人匹配連結起來，在傳統金融機構無法滿足其投資與融資需求情境下，創造出嶄新的商業模式、營運模式。 本研究蒐集三個國外的個案研究：美國的Lending Club、英國的Zopa、香港的AMP，再貫穿以兩個模型分析：Mark W. Johnson等學者提出的 - 商業模式再創新 (Reinventing Your Business Model)、以及Michael E. Porter提出的 - 波特的競爭五力分析 (Porter five forces analysis)。 融合學術架構、產業實務，透析出網路借貸平台的關鍵成功因素，並萃取精華而提出對政府主管機關、金融科技平台業者、傳統金融機構之建言與芻議，期臻拋磚引玉與產業借鍳之效。

當全世界風起雲湧將目光投注中共自2004年開始建置之「孔子學院」佈局全球，甚至引發新一波中國「文化威脅論」之際，中共另一「軟實力」（Soft Power）卻正悄悄崛起，其受中共國家領導人重視程度較「孔子學院」有過之而無不及，定位與位階也遠遠高於「孔子學院」之上，那是直屬中國文化部之海外「中國文化中心」。 　　中共於海外設立「中國文化中心」是其整體文化「走出去」戰略實踐方案之一，具有因應國際背景與現實需求、提高國家文化地位、擴大對外影響力與軟實力、以及加深中西文明對話與認同的目的；而在海外設立文化中心是二戰之後全球主要強權國家普遍採用的文化「走出去」戰略，是其推廣本國文化、傳播思想價值、樹立國家形象的重要方式，也是提升國家軟實力重要平臺。 　　在中共30年傲人的經濟發展下，自江澤民於1988年在非洲模里西斯及貝寧設立海外「中國文化中心」開始，目前已在全球建成30個海外「中國文化中心」，預定在2020年達成建設50家的目標，確定從「經濟走出去」到「文化走出去」之戰略布局。近年來，隨著中國國際地位和影響力的迅速提升，海外「中國文化中心」的發展來到前所未有的機遇；惟全球設立家數與主要強權如法國、英國、德國等，仍有相當差距且分布不均，未來中共如何運用中國綜合國力及落實提高國家軟實力，明確制定宏觀總體戰略布局以展現全球文化「魅力攻勢」有其迫切性與挑戰性。 / When the world pays more attention to the Confucius Institute, which has been built by the Chinese Communist Party since 2004, even sparked a new wave of culture threat theory, the other soft power of the Chinese Communist Party is quietly rising. That is the Overseas China Cultural Center, which is affiliated with the Ministry of Culture of the People's Republic of China. It is not only highly valued by the leaders of the CCP than the Confucius Institute, but also has a much higher position and rank than the Confucius Institute. 　　The Overseas China Cultural Center is one of the practices of its comprehensive culture going out strategy by the Chinese Communist Party. It has the purpose of improving the national cultural status, expanding its influence and soft power in response to the international affairs and realistic needs, and deepening the dialogue and identity between Chinese and Western civilizations. The establishment of the Cultural Center abroad is a major policy of culture going out strategy between great powers around the world after World War II. It is an important approach to promote national culture, disseminate ideological value and establish a national image. It is also an important platform to enhance national soft power. 　　In the 30 years of economic development of the Chinese Communist Party, President Jiang Zemin has set up the first overseas China Cultural Center in the Republic of Mauritius and the Republic of Benin in 1988. So far, it has been built 30 Cultural Centers in the world. China Cultural Center is also scheduled to reach 50 targets by 2020. The layout of going out strategy was transitioned from economy to culture. In recent years, with the rapid advancement of China's international status and influence, the development of overseas China cultural center has come to unprecedented opportunities. However, there is still a considerable gap in the number of centers with great powers, such as France, the United Kingdom, and Germany, etc. How can the Chinese Communist Party employ its comprehensive national strength and implement the national soft power in the future, and it is urgent and challenging to formulate the overall strategic layout to demonstrate the global cultural charm offensive.

全球化下，企業之競爭日益激烈且為了整合資源與拓展新市場，全球跨國購併案件逐漸增加。全球跨國購併案件增加的同時，也彰顯了財務顧問在跨國購併案件中扮演之角色與價值。財務顧問之職責主要為客戶降低各方面之成本，以及為客戶談妥好議價、購併後帶來綜效。本研究主要從財務顧問之角度出發，探討不同特性財務顧問之價值以及聚焦在跨國購併案件。跨國購併案件較複雜，更能彰顯財務顧問在跨國購併案件中之價值與效應。 本研究主要從兩個角度探討不同特性之財務顧問，分別為精品（Boutique）之財務顧問以及過去績效好之財務顧問，探究兩者在跨國購併案件中能為主併公司帶來多少價值。更進一步探究，在不同且複雜之交易特性下，不同特性之財務顧問在跨國購併案件中能為主併公司帶來何價值。 本研究之結果發現，精品（Boutique）財務顧問與過去三年績效佳之財務顧問，兩者皆能為主併公司帶來顯著的正向效應。且在跨國購併案件中，若被併公司屬於未上市公司，兩種特性之財務顧問皆能為主併公司帶來顯著之正效果。進一步發現，精品（Boutique）且過去三年績效佳之財務顧問，能為主併公司帶來較大之價值。在跨國購併案件中，不僅在被併公司為未上市時帶來顯著之正效應外，且在交易特性為非現金支付的情況下，也能為主併公司帶來顯著之正向價值。 / This study examines the value of financial advisors for acquirers in cross-border M&As and the impacts of deal outcomes. Two hypotheses are tested in the study:“Boutique” financial advisors create much more values for acquirers in cross-border M&As. The other one is financial advisors whose prior client performances were good, create much more values for acquirers in cross-border M&As. The study finds that“Boutique” financial advisors and financial advisors whose prior client performances were good both can create positive value for acquirers in cross-border M&As. Moreover, both can deal with complex transactions. While the target are private firms, both can create positive value for acquirers in cross-border M&A. In conclusion, the“Boutique” financial advisors whose prior clients performances were good create much more values for acquirers in cross-border M&As, and it can deal with more complex transactions.

本研究操弄受試的食物剝奪程度以及鋰鹽（LiCl）去價值程序，觀察此兩種實驗操弄對於大白鼠舔舐行為的影響，以探討飢餓驅力調節完結行為的機制。實驗一連續觀察8天大白鼠舔舐15%蔗糖液的表現，結果顯示初期兩天剝奪受試和自由吃食受試的舔舐表現並沒有顯著差異，第三天起剝奪組才顯著高於自由吃食組。實驗二待大白鼠習於食物剝奪狀態下舔舐15%蔗糖液之後，進行僅舔舐空管的消除情境測試。實驗結果顯示將剝奪狀態改為自由吃食，不論有無接受誘因學習都不能降低受試舔舐空管的表現。實驗三則待大白鼠習於食物剝奪狀態下舔舐25%蔗糖液之後，接受空管測試（實驗三A、B、C）與舔水消除情境測試（實驗三B、C）。實驗三結果如同實驗二，將剝奪狀態改為自由吃食，不論有無接受誘因學習都不能降低受試舔舐空管或舔水的表現。實驗四使用柳橙香料配加蔗糖液（20%）進行舔舐訓練，以僅含柳橙香料水進行消除情境測試。實驗結果顯示受試不論是由剝奪狀態轉為自由吃食，或由自由吃食轉為剝奪，都顯示出當驅力高舔舐表現高或驅力低表現低的現象。實驗五進行鋰鹽去價值實驗，大白鼠先擁有舔飲柳橙香料糖精液（實驗五A）或草莓香料食鹽水（實驗五B）的經驗後，再進行鋰鹽去價值程序。實驗結果顯示大白鼠唯有舔舐香料糖精液或香料食鹽水後接受鋰鹽注射才能降低其舔舐香料水的表現；糖精－鋰鹽配對、糖精－鋰鹽配對後再舔飲一次糖精液，以及香料水－鋰鹽配對都無法降低受試舔飲香料水的表現。糖精或食鹽水只要和鋰鹽配對過，便能產生味覺嫌惡。本研究結論如下：（1）飢餓驅力調節舔舐行為的能力只顯現在舔飲蔗糖液以及舔舐柳橙香料水的消除情境測試中；（2）香料與糖精或香料與食鹽必須同時呈現與鋰鹽配對才能降低香料引發舔舐行為的能力。 / The effects of food deprivation and lithium chloride (LiCl)-induced devaluation on licking behavior were studied for the regulatory mechanism of hunger drive on licking behavior. The first experiment for measuring the licking of 15% sucrose solution for 8 days and found that deprived subjects did not lick more than non-deprived ones until the third day. In the second experiment, the rats trained to lick 15% sucrose in a food-deprivation state were shifted to a non-deprivation state and tested under extinction procedure by using the empty tube. This shift in deprivation did not suppress licking in empty tube test for subjects with or without incentive learning experiences. In the third experiment, the rats trained to lick 25% sucrose in a food-deprivation state were shifted to a non-deprivation state and tested in empty tube (Exp. 3A, B, C) or water-licking test (Exp. 3B, C) conditions. Independent of incentive learning, the shift in deprivation did not suppress licking in these two kinds of extinction conditions although the concentration of sucrose was increased. In the fourth experiment, rats were trained to lick 20% sucrose mixed with orange flavor and tested in orange flavor water-licking test condition. Deprived rats licked more than non-deprived ones in the test condition whether they were trained under deprivation or non-deprivation. In the fifth experiment, rats were trained to lick orange flavor saccharin solution (Exp. 5A) or strawberry flavor sodium chloride (NaCl) solution (Exp. 5B) and then tested by the LiCl devaluation procedure. Flavored saccharin or flavored NaCl paired with LiCl suppressed rats to lick flavored water. But none of saccharin paired with LiCl, incentive learning after saccharin devaluation, and flavored water paired with LiCl had any significant effect. Saccharin or NaCl paired with LiCl could induce taste aversion. In conclusion, hunger drive modulating licking behavior was only found in licking sucrose or the flavored water-licking test condition. Further, only flavored saccharin or flavored NaCl solutions paired with LiCl could suppress licking flavored water.

工業的發達與否代表一個國家國力的強弱，故欲使我國達已開發國家之林，提昇整個工業或產業的升級，已經是刻不容緩的事。近年來，政府致力於發展新的高科技產業，同時，對於傳統工業也以獎勵或鼓勵技術升級的方式，以提昇整體產業競爭力。其中包含了所謂"傳統工業技術升級計畫"。 　　所以，本文欲藉助對數線型模式，針對"傳統工業技術升級計畫"，來建構及解釋一些模式，並提出建議，以期傳統工業升級計畫，能更符合每個產業的要求。 / Modernization of Industry represents the powerfulness of a country. It'surgent to upgrade the inndustry, so that our country become a developed country.The government has been making every effort on new hi-tech industries lately, at the same time, the government also provide different incentives to upgradethe tradional industries. This way would increase the competitiveness of ourone of the incentives is that the government provided the so called "Conventionalindustries upgrading program" 　　In this paper, we use loglinear models to analyze the data given by those companies that participated "Conventional industries upgrading program". Based on the models, we shall make some suggestions and conclusions.

大多數學者通常從後殖民的觀點閱讀佛斯特的《印度之旅》(A Passage to India, 1924)，因此，他們的批評大多聚焦在「對他者的再現」(the representation of the other)。然而，這些學者忽略了在《印度之旅》中，自我與他者的交會乃是旅行的結果。雖然探討《印度之旅》中種族間互動的評論不在少數，但旅行的概念卻常被視為理所當然。如同小說標題所示，《印度之旅》乃是一趟從英國至印度的旅行，因此，本論文擬以「旅行敘述」(travel narrative) 的觀點閱讀《印度之旅》。然而，「旅行」一詞的意義到底為何？根據《牛津英語大辭典》，「旅行」大致意味著空間上的移位。然而，本文企圖以「暴露於他者」(exposure to the other)、「自我的去疆域化」 (deterritorialization of the self) 與「變成他者」 (becoming-other) 重新定義旅行。 既然旅行涉及自我與他者之間的互動，本文先援引列維納斯 (Emmanuel Levinas) 的「他者的倫理」(ethics of the other) 來區分「激進他者」 (radical other) 與「抽象他者」(metaphysical other)。接著，本文引用德希達 (Jacques Derrida) 對列維納斯的閱讀與他對「悅納異己」(hospitality) 的討論，以進一步闡述他者的概念。為了探討自我在他者影響之下的轉變，本文亦運用德勒茲 (Gilles Deleuze) 與瓜達里 (Félix Guattari) 的「再疆域化」(reterritorialization)、「去疆域化」(deterritorialization)、與「變成」(becoming) 的概念。這些理論的整合導出了伊斯蘭 (Syed Manurul Islam) 所區分的兩種旅行──靜止旅行(sedentary travel) 與遊牧旅行 (nomadic travel)。 本文共分五章：〈第一章：導論〉、〈第二章：理論架構〉、〈第三章：靜止旅行〉、〈第四章：遊牧旅行〉與〈第五章：結論〉。〈第二章：理論架構〉主要闡述上面所提及的理論家。〈第三章：靜止旅行〉藉由費爾亭 (Cyril Fielding) 與何德蕾 (Adela Quested) 闡明靜止旅行的概念。相較於費爾亭，何德蕾的例子較為複雜，因為她經歷了兩次去疆域化的過程 (第一次在馬拉巴山洞裡，第二次在法庭上)。〈第四章：遊牧旅行〉則聚焦在摩爾夫人 (Mrs. Moore) 這個角色上。這章的編排不僅與小說劇情的時間性一致，也企圖呈現摩爾夫人所經歷的三個階段的轉變。 / Most critics tend to read E. M. Forster’s A Passage to India (1924) from the perspective of post-colonialism, and therefore, the focus of their criticism is often on the representation of the other. However, these critics neglect the fact that the encounter of the self with the other in A Passage to India is in fact a result of travel. Although there is much discussion on racial interaction in A Passage to India, the concept of travel is more than often taken for granted. As the title of the novel indicates, A Passage to India deals with a travel from England to India, and hence, this thesis examines the novel from the perspective of travel narrative. Yet, what does the term “travel” signify? According to Oxford English Dictionary, travel generally refers to a displacement in space. Nevertheless, this thesis tries to re-define “travel” in terms of exposure to the other, deterritorialization of the self, and becoming-other. Since travel narrative deals with the vacillation between the self and the other, this thesis begins with Emmanuel Levinas’s ethics of the other to distinguish the radical other from the metaphysical other. Next, this thesis includes Jacques Derrida’s theories of “hospitality” for further elaboration on the concept of the other. In order to probe into the transformation of the self under the influence of the other, this thesis also employs Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s ideas of “reterritorialization,” “deterritorialization” and “becoming.” The compilation of these theories, finally, amounts to Syed Manurul Islam’s division between two kinds of travel—sedentary travel (travel without traveling) and nomadic travel (traveling without return). This thesis is divided into five chapters: “Introduction” (Chapter One), “Theoretical Framework” (Chapter Two), “Sedentary Travel” (Chapter Three), “Nomadic Travel” (Chapter Four) and “Conclusion” (Chapter Five). Chapter Two, “Theoretical Framework,” is an elucidation of the above mentioned theories. Chapter Three, “Sedentary Travel,” illustrates the concept of sedentary travel by exploring Cyril Fielding and Adela Quested. Adela’s case is much more intricate when compared to Fielding’s, for she goes through two instances of deterritorialization: the first in the Marabar Caves and the second in the court. Chapter Four, “Nomadic Travel,” focuses on the character Mrs. Moore. The exploration of Mrs. Moore not only corresponds to the chronological sequence of the plot but also aims to explain the different stages of transformation Mrs. Moore undergoes.

過往研究指出當個體受到社會排斥威脅後，可能產生兩種相反的行為，一者是具攻擊性的行為，而另一者則是希冀與其他人連結之親和傾向。本研究提出社會排斥之兩階段模式，認為當個體受到排斥威脅時，會同時有兩種不同的行為反應，一個是『避免傷害』，當此反應被激發時，被排斥個體會展現出『戰或逃』的行為傾向；而另一個反應則為『尋求歸屬』，在此反應被激發時，被排斥個體則會展現出『親近與示好』的行為傾向。而個體會出現何種反應，端視其之後互動的對象本身的屬性而定。若後續互動對象與先前排斥者間具有高相似性，此拒絕相似線索會引發個體展現出較高的戰或逃行為。相對的，若是後續互動對象所具有的特性與其自身之特性具有高相似性，亦即具有接納相似線索時，個體則會出現較多的示好行為。而這種隨著後續屬性，個體會出現不同反應歷程的假設在已完成的四個實驗中獲得初步的驗證。 實驗一（83名實驗參與者）採取2 (社會排斥：有、無) × 5 (類別相似線索：高拒絕線索vs.中拒絕線索 vs.高接納線索 vs.中接納線索 vs. 中性線索)之混合設計，結果發現受社會排斥威脅者會有較高意願加入帶有高可能接受線索之團體、較不願意加入帶有高拒絕線索之團體。實驗二（47名實驗參與者）採取閾下觸發來操弄社會排斥威脅，顯示社會排斥的確會讓人加速處理那些與拒絕者與可能接受者相關之訊息。而實驗三（74名實驗參與者）重複驗證了實驗一之發現，並且發現受社會排斥威脅之參與者在反應時間上會較快決定拒絕帶有高拒絕線索之團體，也會較快決定加入帶有高接納線索的團體（兩者皆對比於對中性線索團體之決策反應時間）。 實驗四（75名實驗參與者）則採取2 (社會排斥：有、無) × 2 (認知負荷：高、低) × 3 (類別相似線索：高拒絕線索vs.高接納線索vs. 中性線索)之混合設計，並發現當被社會排斥者處於高認知負荷狀態時，他們雖然還是能使用拒絕線索來選擇團體，但卻不會使用接受線索，顯示拒絕相似性線索為較為優先之線索。 實驗五A（67名實驗參與者）則採取2 (社會排斥：有、無) × 2 (性格回饋：有、無) × 4 (類別相似線索：拒絕線索對象vs.接納線索對象vs. 中性線索對象vs.原拒絕者)之混合設計，並發現當被給予性格回饋之後，受社會排斥威脅者會對於帶有接納線索的對象有較高的評價。而實驗五B（31名實驗參與者）採取2 (社會排斥：有、無) × 4 (類別相似線索：拒絕線索對象vs.接納線索對象vs. 中性線索對象vs.原拒絕者)之混合設計，發現受到社會排斥威脅者會對於帶有拒絕線索的對象及原拒絕者都會有較低的評價。 而實驗六與七則認為當個體對於相似性線索的認知被去、再類別化作業改變時，個體的反應也應隨之改變。實驗六採取（51名實驗參與者）則採取3 (社會排斥組別：社會排斥一般作業組、社會排斥再類別化組、控制組) × 4 (類別相似線索：拒絕線索對象vs.接納線索對象vs. 中性線索對象vs.原拒絕者)之混合設計，並發現當受到社會排斥者完成再類別化作業後，比起完成一般作業的參與者，他們對於原先帶有拒絕線索對象的評價會提升，而他們亦會提升對於原拒絕者的評價，顯示再類別化作業可以讓受威脅者感知到互動對象跟自己可以共屬另一個有意義之團體、自己與互動對象是相連結的，因而提升對這些對象之評價。 實驗七採取（46名實驗參與者）則採取3 (社會排斥組別：社會排斥一般作業組、社會排斥去類別化組、控制組) × 4 (類別相似線索：拒絕線索對象vs.接納線索對象vs. 中性線索對象vs.原拒絕者)之混合設計，並發現去類別化作業可以削弱類別相似性線索，因此使得受排斥者降低對原先帶有接納線索之對象的評價，亦會提升原先帶有拒絕線索對象之評價。換言之，由於去類別化作用會降低被威脅個體與互動對象的連結感，亦即他們對於互動對象與自己的相似性知覺會降低，個體因而降低對此類對象之評價；另一方面，去類別化作用也會降低帶有拒絕線索對象以及原拒絕者的相似性知覺，因而提升對於此類對象之評價。 綜合以上所述，本研究以一系列之研究來檢驗：個體受到社會排斥後，後續互動對象身上之類別相似性線索如何影響受威脅者之反應傾向。實驗一至五發現，當個體被社會排斥之後，他們對於那些帶有拒絕線索的個體會展現出戰或逃的行為傾向，並對帶有接納線索的個體展現親近與示好之行為，而拒絕相似性線索較為優先。而實驗六及七分別使用『再類別化』及『去類別化』兩種作業來改變類別相似性線索，來改變受社會排斥威脅者對於接納線索的知覺使其後續行為隨之改變。 / Previous research shows that social exclusion may cause either fight-or-flight behavior toward innocent people or a substantial increase in affiliation behavior. A two-stage model is proposed to explain people’s reactions after experiencing social exclusion. For these threatened individuals, groups that resemble their rejecter would provoke a defensive attitude and hostile behaviors. These individuals also show hospitality to those groups that resemble themselves to gain inclusion. The former process is more primary than the other. Experiment 1 (83 participants) and 3 (74 participants) used a scenario story to manipulate social exclusion. Groups with different categorical cues categorical similarity cues were provided. The results suggested that people after experiencing social exclusion tended to reject groups that resemble to previous rejecter. By contrast, groups that fit the characteristics of the target person were much preferred and received more resources. The second experiment (47 participants) used subliming priming to manipulate social exclusion. Main dependent measure was the decision time of lexical decision task. As predicted, compared to participants in control condition (all priming words in random order), those in social exclusion condition (being primed with rejection-softball and inclusion-enjoy-learning) processed rejection associated words (related to the reject group) and acceptance associated words (related to the perspective group) significantly faster than no association words. Experiment 4 (75 participants) used a 2 (social exclusion vs. control condition) x 2 (cognitive load: heavy vs. light) x 3 (categorical similarity cues: high rejective cue, high perspective cue, irrelevant cue) mixed-design. The results indicated that the excluded participants who had a heavy cognitive load could only avoid groups that resemble the previous rejecter and showed no preference for groups that might be suitable for them. To defend is the primary process. From experiment 5A to experiment 7, cyberostracism was employed to manipulate social exclusion. Experiment 5A (67 participants) used a 2 (social exclusion: social exclusion condition vs. control condition) x 2 (personality feedback: feedback vs. no feedback) x 4 (categorical similarity cues: rejective cue, perspective cue, irrelevant cue, rejecter) mixed-design. It was found that only those who with perspective cue could receive better evaluation from excluded participants. Experiment 5B suggested that excluded participants would evaluate people with rejective cues worse than those who in control group. The experiment 6 and 7 used decategorization and recategorization task to change the perceptions of categorical similarity cues. Experiment 6 (51 participants) showed that recategorization task could weaken the effect of the rejective cue and thus excluded participants would give better evaluation to people with rejective cue than participants in social exclusion only condition. Experiment 7 (46 participants) suggested that decategorization task might weaken the effect of perspective cue and therefore the evaluation tended to decrease for people with perspective cue. Eight experiments provided convergent evidence to this study to suggest that categorical similarity cues of possible affiliated people could elicit different reactions from excluded people.

Kyoto University (京都大学) / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 甲第19058号 / 人博第711号 / 新制||人||171 / 32009 / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科共生人間学専攻 / (主査)教授 齋藤 治之, 教授 服部 文昭, 教授 壇辻 正剛 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当

奇異值分解(singular valve decomposition)是一個重要且被廣為運用的矩陣分解方法，其具備許多良好性質，包括低階近似理論(low rank approximation)。在現今大數據(big data)的年代，人們接收到的資訊數量龐大且形式多元。相較於文字型態的資料，影像資料可以提供更多的資訊，因此影像資料扮演舉足輕重的角色。影像資料的儲存比文字資料更為複雜，若能運用影像壓縮的技術，減少影像資料中較不重要的資訊，降低影像的儲存空間，便能大幅提升影像處理工作的效率。另一方面，有時影像在被存取的過程中遭到雜訊汙染，產生模糊影像，此模糊的影像被稱為退化影像(image degradation)。近年來奇異值分解常被用於解決影像處理問題，對於影像資料也有充分的解釋能力。本文考慮將奇異值分解應用在影像壓縮與去除雜訊上，以奇異值累積比重作為選取奇異值的準則，並透過模擬實驗來評估此方法的效果。 / Singular value decomposition (SVD) is a robust and reliable matrix decomposition method. It has many attractive properties, such as the low rank approximation. In the era of big data, numerous data are generated rapidly. Offering attractive visual effect and important information, image becomes a common and useful type of data. Recently, SVD has been utilized in several image process and analysis problems. This research focuses on the problems of image compression and image denoise for restoration. We propose to apply the SVD method to capture the main signal image subspace for an efficient image compression, and to screen out the noise image subspace for image restoration. Simulations are conducted to investigate the proposed method. We find that the SVD method has satisfactory results for image compression. However, in image denoising, the performance of the SVD method varies depending on the original image, the noise added and the threshold used.