根據經濟部投資審議委員會公佈的資料顯示，歷年來台商在大陸投資的區位選擇戰略已由南向北遷移，尤其是江蘇、浙江的投資金額約佔51％以上，2005年以後這種趨勢還在持續的往長江三角洲前進。而內政部資料在大上海地區有60萬台商，其家庭高中以下就學子女至少約有一萬餘人，但是此地區的華東與上海兩所台商子女學校，所招收的學生總人數卻遠低於預估人數。我政府基於輔導立場，應該更進一步瞭解其間辦學的問題，藉以在輔導政策上提升對此一地區台商子女就學與教育的服務。 透過文獻、資料與訪談、問卷的實施，發現大上海地區各類型的學校與教育資源非常豐富，台商子女現在的就學環境不再似2000年以前那樣的窘困，由於大陸教育主管不斷的釋出各項優惠政策、台商投資的在地化趨勢、台籍幹部被取代的情勢等因素都有可能牽動台商學校的招生前景，這些問題都為政府輔導台商學校的政策，埋下許多的變數。2010年8月起，兩所台商學校在中學部的轉學生人數竟同時有較大幅度的成長，這個現象卻未反映在台商子女返台升學的選擇上，倒是藉學測成績留在大陸申請進入高校升學的人數開始增加。 政府向來肯定台商學校在大陸辦學有其需要與價值，在台商學校面對主客觀辦學的壓力下，本研究在今後的輔導政策上，對政府的建議是：一、協助台商學校發揮台灣教育的特色；二、協助學校能合法的擴大辦理招生與經營範圍；三、對其他非台商學校的台商子女宜加強教育政策的宣導；四、提升國內大學教育素質，以吸引台商子女返國升學的意願。 / According to information released by the Ministry of Economic Affairs Investment Commission, location choice strategy of Taiwanese investors in mainland have been migrated from south to north over these years, in particular of Jiangsu and Zhejiang. After 2005 this trend continues forward to the Yangtze River Delta. The Ministry of the Interior data shows there are over 600,000 Taiwan businessmen in Shanghai, and at least about one million school children among these families. However, the total number of students enrolled by two Taiwanese Children's schools is far lower than the estimated number. Based on the position of guidance, our government should further understand the problem to enhance the education services of Taiwanese children's schools through the counseling policy. Through literature, information, interviews and the implementation of the questionnaire, I found various types of schools and educational resources in Shanghai. There is no longer difficult for Taiwanese Children choosing schools now as before 2000. Reasons like the mainland education authorities continue to release various preferential policies, the trend of localization for Taiwanese investors, and the replacement of Taiwanese managers, may affect the prospects of enrollment for schools. These problems are also the reasons for government making policies. Since August 2010, there is a big growth of transfered high school students enrolled by two Taiwanese schools, but not reflected in the return students. This may due to the new policy of admission for mainland colleges. The government has always affirmed the need and value of Taiwanese children`s schools. In the case of the running pressure of schools, the proposals through my study are: 1.To help on the school show the characteristics. 2.To assist schools that can legally extended to apply for enrollment and scope. 3.To enhance the advocacy of education policy for non-Taiwanese school children. 4.To upgrade the quality of domestic universities to attract Taiwanese children willing to return to study in Taiwan.

本研究旨在探討臺北市立高級中學教師組織運作成效。其中教師組織主要是指「學校教師會」，運作成效則包含「強化組織運作」、「促進校園民主」、「提升教師專業」等三個層面；並分析「強化組織運作」、「促進校園民主」與「提升教師專業」三層面間的相關程度；進而利用開放問卷了解學校教師對未來教師組織發展的期待與展望。 研究採問卷調查法，對象為臺北市立高級中學編制內正式教師，問卷共寄出400份，回收326份，回收率81.5％，剔除無效問卷25份，尚餘有效問卷共301份。在統計上採用次數分配、平均數、標準差、t考驗、單因子變異數分析與積差相關，並就單因子變異數分析呈現差異者再以薛費法或LSD法來進行事後比較。最後根據文獻探討、問卷調查與開放問卷結果，歸納結論如下： 一、「學校教師會運作成效」屬中高程度，「強化組織運作」、「促進校園民主」層面屬高程度，「提升教師專業」層面屬中高程度。 二、各背景變項對「學校教師會運作成效」，在高中校史較短與較悠久、男性、任教年資較淺、曾兼任學校行政職務教師高於一般教師。 三、各背景變項對「強化組織運作」層面運作成效，在任教年資較淺、曾兼任學校行政職務教師高於一般教師。 四、各背景變項對「促進校園民主」層面運作成效，在高中校史較短、男性、任教年資較淺、曾兼任學校行政職務教師高於一般教師。 五、各背景變項對「提升教師專業」層面運作成效，在普通高中、高中校史悠久、任教年資較淺、曾兼任學校行政職務教師高於一般教師。 六、「強化組織運作」、「促進校園民主」與「提升教師專業」三層面間達相關性顯著且為高度正相關，各面向間亦達相關性顯著且為高度或中度正相關。 七、高中教師期待未來教師組織能參與教育政策制定、強化教師組織運作、提升教師專業素養，在不影響學生受教權的前提下，積極爭取教師權益。 最後，根據上述研究結論提出建議，供學校教師組織及其他研究者參考。 關鍵詞：學校教師會、教師工會、教師組織運作成效 / The purpose of this study is to investigate the operational effectiveness of high school teachers organizations in Taipei. The teachers organizations mainly refer to Teachers Associations at high schools across the city, operational effectiveness includes three aspects: strengthen organization operations, promote campus democracy and enhance teachers' profession,by analyzing the relationships between these aspects, and the author tries to understand what teachers are thinking through open questionaire about the future development of teachers associations. 400 copies of the questionnaire were sent to high school teachers in Taipei , 326 were returned, the recovery rate was 81.5%, including 25 invalid questionnaires returned. The statistics methods we used include: mean, standard deviation, T-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlations. If one-way ANOVA showed significant differences between data, Scheffe method or LSD was applied for furthur comparisons. Finally, the major results were summarized as follows: 1."The operational effectiveness of the teachers association at high schools" was scored medium to high. "Strengthen organization operation", "promote campus democracy" was scored high, and "enhance teachers' profession" was scored medium to high. 2.Teachers who are younger/male/have administrative experiences, or teach in a younger school scores higher than other teachers in "The operational effectiveness of the teachers association at high schools". 3.Teachers who are younger/have administrative experiences scores higher than other teachers in "strengthen organization operations". 4.Teachers who are younger/male/have administrative experiences, or teach in a younger school scores higher than other teachers in "promote campus democracy". 5.Teachers who are younger/have administrative experiences, or teach in a older school or in a normal high school as opposed to vocational schools scores higher than other teachers in "enhancing teachers' profession". 6."Strengthen organization operation", "promote campus democracy" and "enhance teachers' profession" are highly correlated to one another positively. 7.High school teachers are expecting that in the future teachers organizations can participate in the formulation of education policy, strengthen the operation of teachers associations, help enhance the professional skills of teachers, and actively fight for the interests of teachers while not affecting students' right to learn. Finally, we made some recommendations for teachers associations across the city and other researchers for reference, based on the above research findings. Keywords: teachers associations, teachers unions, operational effectiveness

本研究旨在瞭解臺北市國民小學校長空間領導與學校組織創新之現況，探討不同背景變項知覺程度之差異，分析校長空間領導與學校組織創新之相關情形，探究校長空間領導對學校組織創新的預測力，並建構國民小學校長空間領導與學校組織創新的結構方程式模型。 本研究採問卷調查法，共計抽樣100所學校，發出970份問卷，回收764份問卷，獲得有效問卷619份，可用率為64%，且經由描述統計分析、因素分析、t考驗檢定、ANOVA變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關分析及結構方程模式分析獲得研究結果。 本研究獲致結論如下： 一、臺北市國民小學校長空間領導達高程度表現，以「融入課程教學」構面發展最佳。 二、臺北市國民小學學校組織創新達高程度表現，以「公共關係創新」構面發展最佳。 三、臺北市國民小學以學校規模49班以上、男性、在現職學校服務年資5年以下與兼任主任職務之教師知覺校長空間領導程度較高。 四、臺北市國民小學以學校規模49班以上、男性、30歲以下、在現職學校服務年資5年以下與兼任主任職務之教師知覺學校組織創新程度較高。 五、國民小學校長空間領導與學校組織創新之間存有高度正相關。 六、國民小學校長空間領導對學校組織創新具有預測力。 七、國民小學校長空間領導與學校組織創新結構方程式模型獲得支持。 最後，本研究依據研究結論提出建議，俾供國民小學校長、教育行政機關與未來研究之參考。 / This study aims to investigate the relationship between the principal’s space leadership and school organizational innovation of elementary schools in Taipei City, to explore the diversity of different background variables in the principal’s space leadership and school organizational innovation, as well as to construct the theoretical model for these two elements. The data were collected from 100 elementary schools in Taipei City, and 970 questionnaires were distributed, with 619 valid samples. The effective rate was sixty-four percent. The collected data was analyzed by the method of descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and SEM. Below are the conclusions of this study: 1.The level of the principal’s space leadership in Taipei City schools is high, and the performance in the dimension of “integrated curriculum and teaching into space” is outstanding. 2.The level of school organizational innovation in Taipei City schools is high, and the performance in the dimension of “public relations innovation” is outstanding. 3.In Taipei City, the elementary school teachers who work in the large size school having over forty-nine classes, who are male, whose years of in-service experience are under five, and who work as directors have higher perception on the principal’s space leadership. 4.In Taipei City, the elementary school teachers who work in the large size school having over forty-nine classes, who are male, who are under thirty years old, whose years of in-service experience are under five, and who work as directors have higher perception on school organizational innovation. 5.High significant positive correlation presentes between the principal’s space leadership and school organizational innovation. 6.The principal’s space leadership has a predictive effect on school organizational innovation of elementary schools. 7.The results of this research support the theoretical model constructed in this study. At last, according to the above conclusions, the study offers suggestions for elementary school principals, education administration authorities and future research.

本研究旨在探討國內校長服務領導與學校效能關聯性之實際效應量，採用後設分析法進行數據分析與討論，藉由整合17篇文獻及研究數據，探討校長服務領導與學校效能之關聯性，並分析調節變項所帶來的影響力。 本研究提出以下三項結論如下：壹、校長服務領導與學校效能在整體層面間具有高度且正向的關聯性；貳、整體校長服務領導與學校效能分層面間具有高度且正向的關聯性；參、校長服務領導與學校效能關係間存在調節變項，包括任教階段及碩士學歷比等研究特徵具有調節作用。 最後，根據上述研究結論，提供相關教育相關人員與單位研究建議作為參考，並提供未來研究建議作為後續研究者研究之依據。 / The main purpose of this research is to prove the correlation between principals’ servant leadership and school effectiveness in Taiwan. The present research employs meta-analysis as methodology based on the findings of 17 master theses concerning principals’ servant leadership and school effectiveness, and moderator the two variables as the relationship between study characteristics are. This result indicates as following: 1.There is a positive and high correlation between whole principals’ servant leadership and school effectiveness. 2.There is a positive and moderate correlation between whole principals’ servant leadership and school effectiveness. 3.Education ratio and school location is the variable that moderates the effect size of principals' servant leadershiand school effectiveness. Based on the above findings, the researcher provided several suggestions for school leadership, education practices and future research.

本研究主要目的在於探討桃園縣公立國中校長學校行政領導的基本理念、分析目前桃園縣公立國中校長學校行政領導的現況、以及不同背景變項（性別、最高學歷、現職、現職服務年資、服務年資、學校類別、學校規模）的教師，對於校長學校行政領導的看法，並根據研究結果提出建議，以提供校長、教師、教育行政機關及後續研究之參考。 為達上述目的，本研究採用文獻探討與問卷調查方法，研究範圍包括：桃園市、蘆竹鄉、大園鄉、大溪鎮、龜山鄉、八德市、平鎮市、中壢市、楊梅鎮、觀音鄉、新屋鄉、龍潭鄉、復興鄉等十三個鄉鎮市內的公立國民中學合計48所；而以桃園縣公立國民中學校長、主任、組長、導師及專任教師為調查研究之母群體，問卷調查之對象，採用分層隨機取樣方式，發出問卷1048份，實得有效問卷643份，問卷資料處理採用電腦統計套裝軟體（SPSS for Windows）中的次數分配、平均數、獨立樣本ｔ考驗、單因子變異數分析等方法，進行統計分析，經資料整理與研究結果，獲得結論如下： 一、桃園縣公立國中校長學校行政領導具備的特質，具備程度最高的是 「誠實互信」、「守法力行」、「清廉無私」；最低的是「友善幽 默」、「研究創新」。 二、桃園縣公立國中校長學校行政領導面臨到「家長忽視教養責任」、 「市場機制」校際競爭、「顧客導向」學生選校權、「學校規模過 大，設備不敷使用」、「經費短缺不易維修設備」的困境。 三、桃園縣公立國中校長學校行政領導具體的做法，表現程度最高的是 「親自參加教師婚喪喜慶」、「定期召開行政會報協調業務」、「不 受利誘清白辦學」；最低的是「廣開言路接受建議」、「凝聚教師向 心力對抗外在壓力」、「校園規畫考量學校發展」。 四、不同背景變項教師，對於校長學校行政領導具備特質的看法有顯著差 異，包含男性高於女性、校長高於教師（含導師）、校長高於教師 （含導師、教師兼行政人員）、教師兼行政人員（含校長）高於教師 （含導師）、現職服務年資「3年以下」高於「10年以上」、「偏遠地 區」高於「一般地區」、學校規模「13~36班」高於「60班以上」。 五、不同背景變項教師，對於校長學校行政領導面臨困境的看法有顯著差 異，包含女性高於男性、「師範院校畢業」高於「研究所碩士班畢 業」、教師（含導師）高於校長、教師（含導師、教師兼行政人員） 高於校長、教師（含導師）高於教師兼行政人員（含校長）、現職服 務年資「10年以上」高於「3年以下」及「4~6年」、服務年資「16年 以上」及「9~15年」高於「3年以下」、「一般地區」高於「偏遠地 區」、學校規模「60班以上」高於「12班以下」、「13~36班」及 「37~59班」。 六、不同背景變項教師，對於校長學校行政領導具體做法的看法有顯著差 異，包含男性高於女性、「研究所碩士班畢業」高於「師範院校畢 業」、校長高於教師（含導師）、教師兼行政人員（含校長）高於教 師（含導師）、校長高於教師（含導師、教師兼行政人員）、現職服 務年資「3年以下」高於「10年以上」、「偏遠地區」高於「一般地 區」、「12班以下」及「13~36班」、「37~59班」高於「60班以 上」。 七、桃園縣公立國中校長對於學校行政領導具備特質與具體做法方面，其 整體表現受到國中教師的肯定 。 根據研究結果與結論提出以下的建議： 一、校長多關注「友善幽默」、「研究創新」特質之培養。 二、校長可多著力於親職教育活動，以落實家庭教育。 三、校長須發展學校特色，因應「市場機制、顧客導向」帶來的衝擊。 四、校長可建立與教師良性溝通互動平台。 五、校長須發展學校願景，才能凝聚教師向心力。 六、校長對於校園規畫，可多考量學校未來的發展。 七、主管教育機關對學校經費編列，可給予較大之彈性空間 。 八、為因應有限的教學資源，主管教育機關應儘量降低學校班級數。 九、未來的研究可增加廣度與深度。 / This main purpose of the research lies in discussing the basic concepts and analysing the present situation of the principals’school administration leadership of the public junior high school in Taoyuan County as well as the teachers from the different background variable (including sex, the highest school record, current position, service period of current position , service period, school category, school scale) , regarding to a view of principals’school administration leadership , and puts forward the proposals according to the results, provides reference to the principals, the teachers, the educational administration institution and the following research. In order to reach the above goals, this research uses the literature discussion and the questionnaire survey method. The research scope includes 48 junior high schools which are in the local 13 townships and towns ,such as Taoyuan City, Luchu Township, Dayuan Township, Dahshi Town, Kweishan Township, Pader City, Pingj City, Chungli City, Yangmei Town, Kwanin Township, Shinwu Township, Lungtan Township, Fu-hsing Township and so on . But take the principals, directors, group leaders, homeroom teachers and subject teachers of the public junior high school in Taoyuan County as the population of investigation and study. Objects of the questionnaire survey select the stratified random sampling method, which sends out asked volume 1,048,and obtains effective asked volume 643.The asked volume datas’processing uses the computer statistics software (SPSS for Windows) , including the Frequence, the Mean , the Independent-Samples T Test, One-Way Anova and so on ,in order to carry on the statistical analysis. After organizing the data and investigate the result, obtains the conclusion as follows: 1.Principals’school administration leadership of the public junior high school in Taoyuan County possess the special characteristics,the most highest is " honest and trustworthy", "obeys the law energetically puts into practice", "incorruptible and selfless";the most lowest is "friendly and humorous", "the research innovation". 2.Principals’school administration leadership of the public junior high school in Taoyuan County face difficult positions,such as "the guardians neglect the education responsibility", "the market mechanism" of the interscholastic competition, "the customer guides" that students have the right to choose the school, "the school scale oversized, equipment is insufficient ", "funds is not enough to maintenance equipment easily" . 3.The concrete procedure of the principals’school administration leadership of the public junior high school in Taoyuan County , the most highest degree is "attends the teachers’marriages and funerals in person", "convenes the administration conference regularly to coordinate business", "is not tempted with the promise of gain to run a school"; the most lowest is "encourages the wide airing of views accepts suggested", "condenses the teachers’ centripetal force resistance external pressure", "the campus plans considers the school development". 4.The different background variable teachers,as regards the principal school administration leadership possess the special characteristics view reveals the difference obviously, contains the male to be higher than the female, the principal is higher than the teacher (includes homeroom teacher), the principal is higher than the teacher ( includes homeroom teacher, teacher concurrently administrative personnel), the teacher concurrently administrative personnel ( includes the principal) is higher than the teacher ( includes homeroom teacher), service period of current position "below 3 years" is higher than "above 10 years", "the remote district" is higher than "the general area", the school scale "the 13~36 classes" is higher than "above 60 classes". 5.The different background variable teacher,as regards the principal school administration leadership faced with the difficult position view reveals the difference obviously, Contains the female is higher than the male, "the teacher graduates colleges and universities " is higher than "graduates from research institute ", the teacher ( includes homeroom teacher) is higher than the principal, the teacher ( includes homeroom teacher, teacher concurrently administrative personnel) is higher than the principal, the teacher ( includes homeroom teacher) is higher than the teacher concurrently administrative personnel ( includes the principal), service period of current position "above 10 years" is higher than "below 3 years" and "the 4~6 years", service period "above 16 years" and "the 9~15 years" is higher than "below 3 years", "the general area" is higher than "the remote districts", the school scale "above 60 classes" is higher than "below 12 classes", "the 13~36 classes "and" 37~59 classes ". 6.The different background variable teacher, as regards the principal school administration leader concrete procedure view reveals the difference obviously, Contains the male is higher than the female , " graduates from the research institute " is higher than "the teacher graduates from colleges and universities ", the principal is higher than the teacher ( includes homeroom teacher), the teacher concurrently administrative personnel ( includes the principal) is higher than the teacher ( includes homeroom teacher), the principal is higher than the teacher ( includes homeroom teacher, teacher concurrently administrative personnel), service period of current position "below 3 years" is higher than "above 10 years", "the remote districts" is higher than "the general area", "below 12 classes" and "the 13~36 class", "the 37~59 classes" is higher than "above 60 classes". 7.The special characteristics and the concrete procedure of the principals’school administration leadership of the public junior high school in Taoyuan County acquires positiveness from the public junior high school teachers . According to the research results and conclusions,the suggestions are as follows: 1.The principal pays more attention to raise the special characteristics of "friendly and humorous"and "the research innovation" . 2.The principal may focus on parents-teachers education activities,carring out the family education. 3.The principal must develop the school characteristic, to deal with the impact of "the market mechanism and the customer guides". 4.The principal may build a flat-top platform to communicate with teachers benignantly. 5.The principal must develop the school vision in order to condense the teachers’centripetal force. 6.The principal should consider the school future development while planning the campus policy. 7.A chief education institution arranges the school funds may give more flexible. 8.For the limited teaching resources, the chief education institution ought to reduce the number of school classes as soon as possible. 9.The future research might increase the breadth and the depth.

本研究旨在瞭解臺北市國民中學家長會之運作現況，分析家長會參與學校事務、學校支援方面的認知與成效，再依據研究結果，提出建議，做為家長會運作之參考。 本研究方法為問卷調查法。研究對象為臺北市家長會成員。問卷回收後分別以描述統計，獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析等統計方法分析。根據研究結果將結論分析歸納如下： 一、臺北市國民中學家長會在會務推動方面受家長肯定，惟家長普遍對家長會功能認知有偏低現象。 二、臺北市國民中學家長會運作在校務參與方面最重視班級經營。 三、臺北市國民中學家長會願意協助學校發展，其中人力或財力為協助學校最直接且有利的方式。 四、臺北市國民中學家長會運作正常，具備組織與成效，且對學校教育效能有所助益。 五、臺北市國民中學家長在家長會的參與及運作時不受其背景變項影響。 最後，依據研究結論，提出幾點建議提供家長會、學校、主管教育行政機關及後續相關研究做參考。 / This study aims to understand where PTA (parent teacher associations of Taipei city’s junior high schools) stands, assessment of current operation and function and involvement regarding to the parents. Based upon the full analysis, we made suggestions for PTA. Questionnaires are given to respondents who were parents, splintered by groups for the sake of statistics of those samples. We have achieved the following conclusions: 1.Parents felt positive to PTA for pushing forward agenda, but had low comprehension as to PTA’s functions. 2.PTA in daily operation placed most importance was class operation. 3.Parents were willingly to support school, by means of most straight forward: either manpower or financial support. 4.PTA remained well operational, organized and efficient, which enhanced scholastic functions. 5.PTA were not affected by background of parents (income and social status, etc.) According to the research result, we had achieved the conclusions and would like to propose to PTA, schools, and the scholastic administrative unit for better understanding and further improvement.

19世紀英格蘭社會，對於運動史研究來說是很重要的時期。本研究將從19世紀的英格蘭談起，藉由公學校在運動發展中的影響力，來討論與理解跑步運動在19世紀公學校內的發展脈絡以及現代化的過程為何？19世紀在有能力就讀公學校，還有劍橋、牛津大學等中上階級們的影響之下，促使了「現代運動」的形成。同時，這些在運動發展上握有權力的中上階級們，在運動發展的過程中，塑造出了「業餘精神」，藉此來強調運動的高尚和階級的優越性。本文將從19世紀初期討論到西元1908年倫敦奧運。從公學校早期具有娛樂和暴力性質的跑步運動談起，在19世紀中歷經校長改革和學生們投入後，跑步運動中娛樂與暴力性質越來越少，加入更多工業革命發展下所帶來的現代元素。19世紀後半葉，公學校內跑步運動發展逐漸成熟，討論規則制定的情況漸少，描述比賽舉辦情況漸多。在公學校外，許多田徑俱樂部和越野賽跑俱樂部在公學校或是大學校友們的支持下成立。1880年業餘田徑協會成立，統一各地俱樂部和規則紛亂的局面，負責掌管英格蘭地區有關田徑運動的一切事宜，這也是公學校內討論跑步運動規則情況減少的原因。1908年倫敦在畢業於公學校校友的牽線下舉辦奧運，並與美國在跑步賽場上因為「業餘精神」和規則發生了些紛爭。至此，我們可以看出19世紀英格蘭公學校跑步運動的發展狀況，以及了解公學校跑步運動發展與現代運動出現間，部份的互動關係和影響。 / The nineteenth cenry is an essential age for Sport history, especially in England. This research attempts to comprehend the revolutionary transformation of British sporting culture by studying running. During the Victorian era, running, as a sport category, includes hare and hounds, cross-country running, handicap, steeplechase and track events which is a little bit different from the modern Athletics. The research focuses on the public schools’ students, their relationship with athleticism, running sport and the society in the nineteenth-century England. As its main concern is the role of the public schools played in the the transformation of British sporting culture, the dissertation begins with the education system of the public schools and the running in the old times . Then, it turns to the transformation of athleticism and the renovation of running in the public schools by discussing what, why and how it happened? The third chapter moves to the modern running games held in the public schools, and the interaction between the public schools and the amateur clubs. The Amateur Athletic Association, established in 1880, played an important role in the history of running sports and had significant effects on Amateurism. Finally, the dissertation concludes with the 1908 London Summer Olympic to see the spread of public schools’ amateurism.

「十年樹木，百年樹人」，教育乃百年大業，影響國家民族前途至鉅。而教師工作滿 足的程度，除影響其服務精神與態度外，並進而影響其教學成效與對學生的培育。至 於學校行政人員，除從事教學工作外，並肩負推動教學工作與組織運作的使命，可見 其對教育工作的成敗有決定性的影響。然而學校行政人員管理動機的強弱，內外控的 信念，又與其工作滿足程度密切相關。因此，本文擬從理論與實證兩方面，檢視我國 國「學校行政人員管理動機、內外控制與其工作滿足之關係」，並據以提出結論與建 議，以供參考。 本論文共五章。第一章緒論：說明研究動機與目的，並提出研究假設。第二章文獻探 討：就管理動機、內外控與工作滿足三方面，探討其涵義與相互間的關係，以為本研 究之理論依據。第三章研究方法：詳細說明本文之研究設計與實施。第四章結果與討 論：乃就所得資料之統計結果，加以分析與討論。第五章結論與建議：乃依據理論探 討與實驗發現，歸納成結論，並據以提出建議，以供參考。

輓近領導理論的發展，極力強調有效領導除應因時、因事、因境而制宜外，且應因 人而異。就學校而言學校結合了許多不同特質的成員，校長如何因材器使，事竟其 功，俾使學校有較佳的組織氣氛，則是領導上一個重要問題。有鑑於此，本文期從 理論上之深入探討及實證性事後溯因研究，來檢視我國「國中校長領導型式、教師 人格特質與學校組織氣氛的關係」，並據以提出結論與建議，以供參考。 本論文計分五章，第一章為諸論，旨在闡述組織氣氛的重要性，強調校長應配合個 別差異，彈性運用傾導型式，以發揮領導型式，以發揮領導的效能。第二章為文獻 探討，乃就領導型式，人格特質與組織氣氛三方面，深入探討其涵義與相互間之關 係，以為本文理論根據。第三章為研究方法，係將本文之研究設計與實施，做一詳 細說明。第四章為結果與討論，乃就所得資料之統計結果，加以分析與討論。第五 章為結論與建議，則根據理論分析與實證發現，提出結論與建議，以供參考。本文 合計約八萬字。茲將本研究之結論，扼要敘述如下： 1.學校組織氣氛確因校長領導型式之不同而有差異。 2.教師人格特質與學校組織氣氛有相關存在。 3.校長領導型式的運用若能配合教師人格特質之不同而異，則學校組織氣氛較佳。 #2810794

本研究探討韓國中等學校職前師資培育制度內容並進一步展望未來發展。本研究所獲得之主要結論如下： 目前，韓國的師資培育課程，可大分為師範學院課程和非師範學院課程。師範院校的課程有國立和私立師範學院之分；非師範學院課程有普通大學的教職課程和教育系及教育研究所課程。透過這樣的多元和開放性的師資培育，來充足教師的來源。但是，在課程設置和管理上，只是讓學生能獲得教育職業科目的資格，就連師範校院也出現了與普通大學相似的傾向。引導學生研究教育和改善教學方法不夠，應須提高師資的品質。 因此韓國係以所修課程及學分數作為專業科目（即任教科目）的認定標準。另外韓國的中等學校教師的資格係採兩分級制，獲得一級正教師資格者為，基礎學歷需有碩士學位。二級正教師資格者為，基礎學歷獲有學士學位。 依據研究結論，本研究提出以下建議。 1. 建立完善的教師資格檢定制度。 2. 建立師資培育機構、學校、社區密切合作的制度。 3. 在韓國中等學校職前師資培育階段中應需較長之教育實習時間。 基於以上的研究對於教育行政機關、大學校院、及中等學校、未來後續研究提出建議，俾供兩國建構師資培育制度之參考。 / The purpose of this research was to study pre-service education system of Korean and secondary school Teachers. The conclusions and implications of the present study are summarized below: The training curricula for Korean teachers can be divided into two parts; One is the curricula for normal universities and the other is for non–normal universities. The courses for normal universities are separately designed for national normal universities and private normal universities. And those for non-normal universities are for general universities and the department of education and graduate institute of education. The diversity and open teacher educational system can suffice the need for teachers. However, as far as curriculum designing and curriculum management , it can only help students obtain teacher’s certificates. This even happens to students in normal universities. The problem arise because the system is lacking in guiding students how to study education and optimize teaching methods. The system should enhance the quality of teacher training. The number of credit points one obtains serves as criterion for professional curriculum. Moreover, teachers in secondary education can gain two kinds of certificates. Teachers who have a master degree can receive “The firth grad teacher’s license ” and those who have a bachelor degree can obtain “The second grad teacher’s license ”. Suggestion of some ideas to improve the teacher education areas follows: 1. To establish complete certain of the teachers rating system. 2. To establish teacher education system, the secondary schools and community which are closely related to one another. 3. More time is needed for practicing teachers in Korea. According to the conclusion of this study, I hope it will be some help to the construct of secondary school teachers education system. Moreover, the study gives some suggestions to the educational administration, unive rsities , secondary schools, and the further study.