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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

大學校院輔諮中心輔導服務品質評量指標之建構與影響因素的分析研究 / The study of the fundamental indicators construction and the assessment of counseling service quality in university counseling centers

汪慧瑜, Wang, Hui Yu Unknown Date (has links)
本研究主要目的在根據落差理論建構大學校院輔諮中心輔導服務品質指標與輔導服務品質影響因素,並編製「輔導服務品質量表」及「輔導服務品質影響因素量表」以探討大學校院輔諮中心輔導服務品質現況。依此目的,本研究首先對專家學者、學務長、輔諮中心主任與學生等23人進行訪談,歸納出大學校院輔諮中心的輔導服務品質包含六大指標:「有形性」、「可靠性」、「反應性」、「保證性」、「體貼性」、「認同性」。影響輔導服務品質有四個影響因素,管理階層認知向度、品質承諾向度、輔導服務人員之知能與態度與宣導與溝通向度。   本研究以德懷術專家諮詢編製輔導服務品質量表與輔導服務品質影響因素量表。   本研究以問卷調查法探討輔導服務品質與影響因素之間的關係與大學校院輔諮中心輔導服務品質的評估。研究對象為98所大學校院輔諮中心的379位輔導老師,與24所學校的1343名學生。資料分析的方法為t考驗、單因子變異數分析、逐步多元迴歸分析。   主要研究結果如下:   第一,不同背景輔導老師方面:(一)公立學校和私立學校的輔導老師對於其所服務學校輔諮中心的輔導服務品質與輔導服務品質影響因素的評估沒有差異。(二)一般大學和技職院校輔導老師對於其所服務學校輔諮中心的輔導服務品質與其影響因素的評估沒有差異。僅在影響因素的組成因素「員工適配」方面有差異。(三)北一區、北二區、中區以及南區四區大學校院輔諮中心的輔導老師對於其所服務學校輔諮中心的輔導服務品質與輔導服務品質影響因素的評估沒有差異。僅在輔導服務品質指標的「有形性」方面有差異。(四)男性和女性輔導老師對於其所服務學校輔導服務品質的評估沒有差異,但是對影響因素的評估有差異。(五)不同年資輔導老師對於其所服務學校輔諮中心輔導服務品質與輔導服務品質影響因素的評估沒有差異。(六)不論是主任、專任輔導老師、專任心理師、資教輔導老師對於其所服務學校輔導服務品質的評估沒有差異。在影響因素方面,輔導主任的評估都較其他老師較好。(七)不論輔導老師的背景為輔諮專業、相關科系或是非輔諮專業,對於其所服務學校輔導服務品質與輔導服務品質影響因素的評估沒有差異。在影響因素方面組成因素方面有差異。(八)不同教育程度的輔導老師對於其所服務學校輔導服務品質與輔導服務品質影響因素的評估有顯著差異。   第二,不同背景學生方面:(一)男學生和女學生對於其所就讀學校輔導服務品質的評估有差異。(二)公立學校和私立學校學生對於其所就讀學校輔諮中心的輔導服務品質的評估沒有差異。(三)不同性質學校學生對於輔導服務品質的評估有差異。(四)不同年級學生對於輔導服務品質的評估有差異。(五)有接受輔導服務經驗的學生比無接受輔導服務經驗的學生對輔諮中心輔導服務品質的評估較好。   第三.輔導服務品質指標與輔導服務品質影響因素組成因素之間的關係。(一)「品質承諾」、「控制力」對於輔導服務品質的「有形性」較具有預測力。(二)「員工適配」、「目標設置」、「加強宣導」、「工作標準化」與「學生需求調查」對於輔導服務品質的「可靠性」較具有預測力。(三)「員工適配」、「水平溝通」、「加強宣導」、「學生需求調查」、「監控系統」與「工作標準化」對於輔導服務品質「反應性」較具有預測力。(四)「員工適配」、「控制力」、「加強宣導」、「水平溝通」、「監控系統」與「學生需求調查」對於輔導服務品質「保證性」較具有預測力。(五)「員工適配」、「加強宣導」、「工作標準化」對於輔導服務品質「體貼性」較具有預測力。其中「員工適配」為主要預測變項。(六) 「品質承諾」、「加強宣導」、「水平溝通」、「團隊合作」與「目標設置」對於輔導服務品質的「認同性」較具有預測力。   最後,根據研究結果對輔導實務工作及未來相關研究提出建議以供參考。 / The main purpose of this research was to construct fundamental indicators of counseling service quality, develop an inventory of counseling service quality, and assess counseling service quality of university counseling centers. This research was conducted under three processes. First, semistructured interviews of professional scholars, deans of student affairs, directors of counseling center and students were conducted. Six indicators of counseling service quality were obtained from analyzing the responses as follows: tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and identification. The determinants of counseling service quality involved managers’ perception of students’ expectations, management commitment to service quality, counselors’ competence and attitude, as well as propagation and communication. Several specific criteria emerged for each of the determinants. Second, the inventory was constructed under the framework of literature review and Delphi method. The inventory was finally sent to 379 counselors and 1343 students from 24 universities in Taiwan. The data was analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, and stepwise regression. Our findings are summarized below: First, regarding counselors of different backgrounds: (1) No differences were found between the public and private university counselors in perceived counseling service quality. The same results were found between counselors of differing seniority. (2) The perceived “employee-job fit” of university counselors was better than that of those from vocational university. (3) The perceived tangibility of the first district in northern universities was greater than that of southern universities. (4) There were disparities in the assessment of determinants of counseling service quality between male and female counselors. The same was true with counselors of different professional backgrounds. (5) The perceived counseling service quality of the director and counselors with doctorate degrees from the university counseling center was better than that of other counselors. Second, students with different backgrounds: (1) The perceived counseling service quality was different between males and females, universities and technological universities, different grades, and possessing or not possessing prior counseling experience. (2) No differences were found between public and private university students in perceived counseling service quality. Third, the relationship between counselor service quality indicators and factors of counselor service quality: (1) The criteria of management commitment to service quality and perceived control were the two major factors in predicting the tangibility of counseling service quality. (2) The criteria of “employee-job fit”, goal-setting, propagation-enhancement, task standardization, and student request investigation were the five major factors in predicting the reliability of counseling service quality.3. The criteria of “employee-job fit”, horizontal communication, propagation-enhancement, student request investigation, supervisory control systems, and task standardization were the six major factors in predicting the responsiveness of counseling service quality.4. The criteria of employee-job fit, perceived control, propagation-enhancement, horizontal communication, supervisory control systems, and student research orientation were the six major factors in predicting the assurance of counseling service quality. (5) The criteria of employee-job fit, propagation-enhancement, and task standardization were the six major factors in predicting the empathy of counseling service quality.(6) The criteria of management commitment to service quality, propagation-enhancement, horizontal communication, teamwork and goal-setting were the four major factors in predicting counseling service quality. Based on the results of this study, we have proposed some suggestions and provided reference materials for the counseling profession as well as for the pursuit of further research in this area.
22

台灣房地產景氣循環之研究-生產時間落差、宣告效果、總體經濟之影響 / Real Estate Cycles in Taiwan -- The Influence of Construction Lags, Preannouance Effect, and Macroeconomic Variables

彭建文, Peng, Chien-Wen Unknown Date (has links)
本研究主要依據國內房地產市場的特性,以生產時間落差、預期景氣與宣告效果、以及總體經濟等三個項目為主軸,針對房地產市場的景氣現象進行探討。首先,由生產階段的生產時間落差為出發點,探討房地產景氣與政府政策衝擊對生產時間落差的影響。再來,探討房地產次市場間的互動關係,瞭解預期景氣與宣告效果對不同房地產次市場景氣的影響。最後,探討總體經濟對房地產景氣的影響。在上述理念體系下,本研究進行各項理論的推演與實證分析,所得結論說明如下: 一、房地產景氣對生產時間影響部份 本文以建照面積與使照面積數量之波動關係,分析房地產景氣對生產時間落差之影響,結果發現使照面積與建照面積間存在穩定的長期關係,但建照可能因景氣不佳而取消,此使得長期建照面積大於使照面積,且建商會視房地產景氣的變動而調整興建速度。當房地產市場景氣時,興建速度較快,不景氣時興建速度較慢,使得生產時間落差會因房地產景氣變動而有所不同。另外,建照面積與使照面積間的關係亦會因政府相關政策的改變而產生衝擊,進而改變生產時間落差的長短。 由此觀之,國內房地產市場應較無預售制度的國家有較佳的市場調整機制,不過國內房地產景氣的波動卻依然劇烈,其原因可能在於政府決策與執行有相當長的時間落差,往往造成介入市場的時機不恰當,使得政府政策不但未能發揮反景氣循環的功能,反而成為助漲、助跌的促媒。另外,建築投資業缺乏健全管理亦是可能的原因之一,造成市場良莠不齊,在未經協調而彼此競爭下,往往錯誤評估個別預期銷售額而惡性競爭所造成。 二、預期景氣與宣告效果對房地產景氣影響部份 透過不同次市場的連結,本文發現當政府政策提前宣告時,將會有明顯的宣告效果產生,使得建商雖面對節節高昇的空屋率,依然大量搶建,但建照面積的增加則會促使房價與租金下跌。當前房地產市場的長期不景氣,政府未充分掌握房地產市場的景氣波動,並審慎評估政策的可能衝擊可說是問題的關鍵。此也意味,若政府日後真有必要再對房地產市場實施類似管制措施時,實應於事前進行謹慎的評估,並慎選實施的時機。 其次,市場參與者的預期在市場運作過程中扮演相當重要的角色,對於不同次市場景氣之影響亦不相同,當預期資本利得愈高時,會使房價上漲,但租金卻會減少,因為屋主願意以相對較低的租金將房屋出租,並由長期的資本利得中獲得補償,此可解釋為何國內長期租金與房價比長期偏低的現象。不過,近年來房地產市場面臨相當長時間的不景氣,加以921大地震對於國人傳統「有土斯有財」的理財觀念應有相當程度的衝擊,在預期資本利得相當微薄、甚至為負的情況下,未來租金可能回到較合理的水準。 三、總體經濟度房地產景氣之影響部份 本文檢視總體經濟變數對不同地區房地產景氣的影響,發現不論台北市或台北縣的預售屋房價與貨幣供給、空屋數、建照面積等變數均具有長期均衡關係存在,表示房地產景氣會因總體經濟變數與房地產市場本身供需變化而調整,但在考量結構變遷下,預售屋房價與建照面積間之關係已有所改變,意味未來在分析兩者間之關係時必須更加慎重。 其次,空屋數對於預售屋房價的影響彈性相對大於貨幣供給以及建照面積的影響,且相關變數對於台北市預售屋房價的影響相對大於台北縣,但台北縣預售屋房價消弭均衡誤差的速度較台北市為快,此乃因台北市住宅供給與需求彈性相對較小,當其他影響變數發生變動時,其預售屋房價受到的影響相對較大,故一旦偏離均衡時,必須花費較長的時間來調整。此結果亦顯示,要解決房地產市場長期的不景氣,從消化空餘屋著手最為有效。另外,不論台北市或台北縣預售屋房價與其他變數間的短期領先或落後關係並不明顯,此可能是因房地產市場自1986-1990年這一波房地產景氣後,已產生結構性變遷所造成。 / This dissertation consisted of three relative essays about real estate cycles. The first paper explores the influence of the real estate cycles on construction lags by analyzing the fluctuations of total floor areas of building permits and usage permits as a reflection of construction lags. Results support that a long-run equilibrium is existing between them; however, building permits may be dropped during a downswing market. In addition, the duration of construction lags is affected by changes in the real estate cycles and by the impacts of policies. During a time of strong market, the duration of construction lags is cut shorter and is extended when the market is depressed. The second paper presents a simultaneous equation to examine how expectation of market participants and preannouncement of zoning control influence real estate cycles through three housing submarkets: rental market, sales market, and new construction market. One interesting finding is that, before the government announced a change in its zoning policy, builders constructed at maximum capacity despite fact that the real estate market was already depressed. Such construction only worsens the real estate market condition and extends the duration of depressed period. Another interesting finding is that the expected real estate cycles have different effects on rent and housing price. Although high capital gain expectations drive up the housing price, rent continues to decrease. A high vacancy rate, although decreasing the housing price, has little influence on construction starts. The last paper examines the long-term relationships between real estate cycles and macroeconomic variables by using cointegration test and error correction model. I found that both housing price of Taipei City and Taipei County do have long-term relationships with money supply, vacant houses, and new construction, but when considering market structure change, the relationship between housing price and new construction will change. I also found that the vacant houses have more influence on housing price than that of money supply and new construction, and the influences of these three variables on housing price are more sensitive in Taipei City than Taipei County. These results reflect the market structure of Taipei City and Taipei County is different, and the importance to solve vacant houses problem. Another surprise finding is that short-term lead or lag relationships among these variables are not significant. One possible reason is the structure change of real estate market after 1990.
23

我國偏遠鄉鎮數位落差之跨年度比較分析 / Longitudiual Analysis of Digital Divide in Taiwan’s Rural Areas

林绣雯, Lin, Hsiu Wen Unknown Date (has links)
自2005年起政府投入經費執行「創造偏鄉數位機會推動計畫」,由教育部協調統合各部會資源,共同推動縮減城鄉數位落差,於台灣地區300偏遠鄉鎮設立168個數位機會中心(Digital Opportunity Center, DOC),協助民眾增進資訊應用能力,以期有效縮減城鄉間的數位落差。政府投入大量資源,建構良好的軟硬體設施,提供偏遠地區居民一個好的上網環境,乃為降低偏鄉地區數位落差的不公平現象,提供偏鄉地區民眾在資訊經濟時代能夠有取得資訊的公平機會。 本研究乃透過台閩地區數位落差調查2004年到2006年的數據資料,了解台灣地區各鄉鎮之數位表現在各個面向上是否有提升,更進一步探究,政府偏鄉數位落差政策實施的區域,其數位表現分數之起伏;其次,政府根據2002年之調查界定政策實施的區域,至今數位能力較低之鄉鎮地區是否已有變化?有哪些鄉鎮並未被列入政策實施之重點區域,但卻為數位能力落後之鄉鎮? 本研究所使用的方法為次級資料分析法,資料來源為行政院研究考核委員會於九十三至九十五年,委託學術團體、民間單位進行之三次台閩地區數位落差調查。研究發現,偏鄉地區民眾數位能力低於非偏鄉地區民眾,近年來偏鄉民眾之數位能力雖有進步,但是進步幅度仍小於非偏鄉地區民眾。 在設置數位機會點鄉鎮,其數位表現分數雖低於未設置數位機會點鄉鎮,但設置數位機會點鄉鎮民眾之數位能力確實有進步,且進步幅度大於未設置數位機會點鄉鎮之民眾。數位機會中心點之政策內容,乃為加強民眾在資訊近用上之取得與資訊素養能力之提升,研究發現,民眾網路取得機會增加,但是電腦設備的近用性仍然不足,在資訊素養的提升上是有幫助的,而民眾在工作應用、生活應用與資訊蒐集上之提升,乃政策預期以外之收穫。最後,偏遠程度的確是判斷該地區之數位能力一項重要的依據,然而僅以偏遠程度來判斷該鄉鎮之數位能力,卻是不太精確的,因此在數位落差嚴重鄉鎮之界定上,應以數位落差指標取代地理偏遠指標進行界定,將能夠更精確的界定出數位落差嚴重的鄉鎮,並與數位落差政策作連結。 / In the digital era, computers and networks are important tools to broadcast information among people. People who live in urban areas have deeply felt the convenience that information can rapidly bring about. People in rural areas can not enjoy such benefit since. However, there has been the digital divide due to difficulties to access to resources, inadequacy in computer equipment, non-popularity of network use, and poor ability to use information technology. In order to reduce the gap of digital divide between urban and rural areas, Ministry of Education has implemented the 4-year project for Shortening Digital Divide between Urban and Rural Areas by setting up digital opportunity centers (DOCs). It is estimated that 300 DOCs will be set up in 168 rural areas nation-wide. The Research, Development, and Evaluation Commission (RDEC) conducts the digital divide survey every year since 2001. It aims to evaluate the status of information infrastructure implementation and the results of digital divide reduction. The Digital Performance Score for the individual called Digital Score that was derived from the cross indicator weighting analysis by AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) was helpful in comparing the digital ability among different groups such as people in rural and urban areas. There are three research questions in the thesis. First of all, I use the secondary data, the digital divide survey from 2004 to 2006, to realize the current situation of digital divide in Taiwan. The results reveal that, during 2004-2006 the Digital Score of people in urban is higher than in rural area. People in urban areas made greater progress compared with those in rural area during the three years. People in rural areas still can not catch up with the people in urban. Secondly, to evaluate the performance of DOCs in rural areas, I have chosen 27 rural towns where there are DOCs during 2005. After comparing the towns with DOCs and those without DOCs, the results show that the towns with DOCs have greater improvement for Digital Score. The third research question to assess the categorization of rural areas is appropriate to compartmentalize the Digital Divide areas. A previous study “Strategic Formulation for Public Information Centers in Rural Areas” published in 2002 by the RDEC, has categorized towns in Taiwan into rural and urban areas by geographic and demographics indicators, such as population density and the convenience of traffic. The study uses the secondary data of 2005 to redefine Digital Divide areas by cluster analysis and find that Digital Divide areas are different from rural areas. To categorize digital divide areas, using digital divide indicators is more appropriate than geographic and demographics indicators.
24

臺灣升大學重考生的自我評價與情緒困擾 / The self-evaluation and emotional disturbance of college entrance examination retakers in Taiwan

林正山, Lin, Jeng-Shan Unknown Date (has links)
本研究的主要目的在試圖提出一個架構,說明臺灣升大學重考生的情緒困擾問題,並描述出在此問題上,社會教化內容可能扮演的角色。經由文獻探討自我信念與情緒困擾間的關連,以及社會文化對個人情緒困擾的可能影響方式,研究者提出了「情緒困擾之整合性概念架構」作為說明重考生情緒困擾問題的起點,此架構主張:覺察自我落差導致了人們的情緒痛苦,而社會價值觀念不但形塑了人們的外在評價壓力,社會教化的內容也會經由影響個人的自我信念(含導引自我標準、預期自我信念及實際自我信念),對人們的情緒與行為產生重要的影響。 本研究的主要研究對象為:台北市某著名升大學補習班的197位重考生,其中121位為高中升大學重考生,其餘76位為高職升大學重考生。研究的工具除了Rosenberg自尊量表(RSE)、貝氏憂鬱量表(BDI)以及症狀檢核表焦慮分量表(SCL-A)外,還包括自行編製的「自我期許問卷」(可得到受測者所填寫的導引自我標準,以及他在這些標準上自評的各項自我落差量及落差覺察頻率),以及課業自我落差評量。 實徵研究的方法和結果可分為幾個部分,分別說明臺灣升大學重考生情緒困擾問題的不同面向: (一) 在情緒困擾相關評量上,對重考生及其他同齡學生(高三學生和大一學生)的狀況進行調查與比較,以巨觀描繪出臺灣升大學重考生的情緒困擾問題。研究結果發現:重考生較其他同齡學生具有更高的憂鬱和焦慮,而在自我落差評量方面,他們具有較高的自我落差覺察頻率,以及較大的課業自我落差量。 (二) 以大學生及重考生樣本,實徵檢驗自我落差量及其覺察頻率是否能有效預測人們的情緒困擾狀況,以瞭解本研究所提出來的概念架構是否可以用來說明臺灣學生的情緒困擾問題。研究結果顯示:學生的自尊、憂鬱以及焦慮都可以由一些自我落差評量有效解釋,然而由於重考生所具有的一些特質,使得自我落差評量對於重考生組內差異的解釋力多數比它們在大一樣本中為。 (三) 對高中升大學重考生的導引自我標準進行內容分析,以檢視社會教化內容與個人導引自我標準間的關連。由內容分析的結果可以發現:重考生的導引自我標準受到社會教化內容很大的影響(特別是升學觀念的社會教化),因此重考生的導引自我標準並不是散亂地分佈,絕大多數的項目可群集為二十一個類目,至於其餘的項目則是少見且較不具重要性的。 (四) 依據前述內容分析的結果,分析升學在臺灣社會中可能具有的社會心理意涵,並探索性地描繪重考生的心理處境。由內容分析發現:重考生的導引 自我標準包含很多與升學有關的價值觀(至少佔 46 %),由於這些價值觀在重考生群體中的普遍性與重要性,本研究將它們統合成一個整體結構,推論出升學在臺灣社會中可能具有的六種社會心理意涵:(1)「受高等教育,以取得謀職、營生的優勢」;(2)「具有豐富的學識,前途看好」;(3)「享受自 由學風,拓展自我潛能」;(4)「表現出眾,讓人看得起」;(5)「善盡本分,能榮顯父母師長」;(6)「戰勝自己,達成對自己的期許」。 在上述的整體結構中,由於「順利升學,取得文憑」居於最為核心的地位,因此重考生對於自我的評價普遍會受到他們對自己升學表現的預期很大的影響。「升學在臺灣社會中可能具有的社會心理意涵」與「個別重考生的心理處境」兩者之間的關係,彷彿就是「完整的圖像」與「殘缺的圖像複製品」兩者之間的關係,儘管複製不可能完美,使得後者在顏色上可能會比原圖較像 濃或是較淡,在色調上可能會比原圖像較為明朗或是更為陰鬱,然而,它們之間的共同點是,後者都可以在前者上面找到它相對應的部分(但僅為圖像的局部),使得個別重考生的心理處境與集體的社會升學觀念間,即使存在著許多表象的差異,但它們之間至少仍保有一種「理解的可滲透性」。 最後,本研究除了根據研究所得的結果,說明研究結果的意義並提出一些後續研究建議外,也討論了臺灣的升學主義解構運動,主張欲有效解決升學主義下臺灣的教育問題,需經歷一種「進步的問題轉換」,方能有效突破臺灣在教育改革中所面臨到的瓶頸。
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社會工作碩士班研究生實習內涵之研究─期待與實際之間 / A study on field education of social work graduate students-between learning expectation and reality

廖偉迪, Liao, Wei Ti Unknown Date (has links)
社會工作實習教育使學生有機會將在課堂所學的概念、原則、理論、方法活用在實習所遇到的真實案例之中,是最能將技術、知識與價值整併的學習方式。過往文獻指出碩士班的學生自我期待與主動性較高,機構督導與學校督導之要求也較高,然而,碩士班研究生對於主體高度之期待與實際實習之間是否存在落差?若有實習期待落差,對於實習收獲與對社會工作專業知情行意向之影響為何?而實習期待落差、實習收獲與社會工作專業知情行意向又受到哪些因素影響而加劇或削減? 為探討此一問題,本研究以網路問卷為主,紙本問卷為輔,調查國內15間將社會工作列為必修課程之研究所,以社會工作碩士班二年級以上,有過碩士班實習經驗之研究生為調查對象,共回收185份有效問卷。透過獨立樣本t檢定、卡方檢定、皮爾森積差相關、單因子變異數分析進行統計檢定,再由階層迴歸與路徑分析建構實習期待、實習收獲與知情行意向之路徑圖。分析結果如下: 一、超過半數的碩士班實習生有實習期待落差的經驗,除了事務或庶務的工作顯示實際接近或大於期望,其餘各項實習項目皆存在期待落差。 二、實習期望落差會因實習前是否到機構拜訪以了解該單位的實習相關訊息、機構督導學歷、實習生對先前實習經驗整體評價與學生身分而有所不同。 三、實習收獲主要受到實習期待落差之影響,另外,實習收獲隨著與機構督導的關係、是否有訂定書面的實習契約、學生身份、先前實習經驗整體評價、機構督導學歷、實習前是否至機構拜訪而有所不同。 四、對社會工作專業的知情行意向隨著與學校督導的關係、實習前是否請教同學相關的實習資訊、組織氛圍、實習地點、機構督導學歷而有所不同。 據此,本研究針對實習生、實習機構、學校、專業教育組織提出以下建議: 一、對碩士班研究生,建議實習前可至機構走訪,以瞭解實習機構之概況與實習機構內容;其次,可在實習前找尋合適的社會工作機構兼職,以增加工作經驗以及實習機會;每次實習前應調整心態,使過去經驗成為收獲之基石;選擇不同的實習領域和工作方法,以免因噎廢食;在實習期間積極而主動的溝通,並參與最後的實習評估。 二、對於實習機構,建議機構透過良性溝通、實習計畫的討論、實習契約的簽訂以降低實習生的期望落差;其次,機構督導應配有較有意願、社會工作專業背景之督導進行實習督導;而督導教學方式應配合實習生適性發展,參考國內外採行之實習督導教學方法。 三、學校部分,可考慮安排人力負責與實習機構之接洽事宜,學校督導應適時拜訪機構及早發現機構與實習生之間的落差;學校應主動釋出相關訓練機會,使學校與機構督導的互動更加密切;學校可開拓周遭的社區資源,以建立學校和機構或社區的合作模式,創造碩士班研究生的優質實習機會。 四、社會工作教育專業組織與各教學單位可適時創造議題,鼓勵專業教育與實習教育的相關研究;其次,亦應與實務界、學生共同討論國內實習教育標準的訂定及評估方式,以培養出才情兼備、知行合一的社會工作研究生人才。 / Social work practicum could play a role in bridging the gap between theory and practice. Previous studies revealed that MSW graduate students, school teachers and the field instructors all have high expectation on how much the MSW students will learn from the process . This study aimed at examing the gap between learning expectation and reality of practicum period from a viewpoint of MSW graduate students. Moreover, whether the gap would impact the gains from practicum and students’ attitudes towards social work profession was what author concerned. Thus, the subjects of this study were the MSW graduate students who had done practicum during graduate study period. Internet questionnaire survey method was adopted to capture the experiences of this population. Total 185 questionnaires were compeleted. Based on statistical data analyses, the study findings are as follow: 1.More than one-half graduate students experience gap between expectation and reality at prior practicum. Besides, the gap existed in almost all of the social work fields except general affairs. 2.The learning gap is the most important mediator of the gains from practicum. Independent variables as “to visit institution before practicum”, “educational background of field instructors”, “evaluation of prior practicum experience”, and ”student status” demonstrated a significant effect on expectation gap. 3.The gains from practicum were correlated with “relationship with field instructor”, “whether sign the practicum contract”, ”student status”, “evaluation of prior practicum experience”, “educational background of field instructor”, and “to visit institutiton before practicum”. 4.Independent variables as “relationship with school instructors”, “asked schoolmates for practicum-related information”, “institutional climate”, “field locations”, and”educational background of field instructors” were significantly associated with the attitudes towards social work profession. Findings of the study highlight the importance of reducing the gap between learning expectation and reality. Finally, based on the conclusions above, several recommendations are offered for graduate students, field institutions, schools, educational organizations, and advanced research.
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以資料採礦方法探討國內數位落差之現象 / Effect of Digital Divide in Taiwan: Data Mining Applications

林建宇, Lin,chien yu Unknown Date (has links)
全球化時代與資訊化社會的來臨,電腦與網際網路成為生活中不可或缺的要素,儘管至2008年為止,我國有將近七成的民眾透過網路科技享受到更多的便利性,但社會上仍存在著數位落差(digital divide)的問題,數位落差除了使得資訊窮人(information-poor)不易取得資訊,亦將對其經濟、人權等各方面造成影響。故研究目的在利用資料採礦的應用,配合SPSS Clementine 12.0的軟體,探討數位落差的現象,並嘗試找出形成數位落差的影響原因。   本研究主要投入人口統計變數以及生活型態變數,並藉由C5.0決策樹、C&RT分類樹,以及CHAID分類樹建立模型,透過這三個分類迴歸樹的模型,發現到「年齡」、「教育程度」、「地理區域」、「個人資產狀況」、「經濟主要來源:子女」、「個人每月可支配所得」以及「收入來源:薪資」共七項變數同時對民眾是否成為數位落差中的資訊富人(information-rich)有著較重要的影響性,因此,研究最後依據此七項進行政策建議,以提供相關單位之參考。 / In this globalized and informational society, computers and internet networks are essential elements in our daily lives. Until the year 2008, almost 70% of population in Taiwan has enjoyed greater conveniences through networking technologies. However, the issue of “digital divide” remains, where information-poor cannot obtain information easily, and the issue affects the society in terms of economies and human rights. Consequently, the purpose of this research is aimed to find the reasons behind “digital divide” using data-mining techniques with SPSS Clementine 12.0 statistical software.   The research will input demographic variables and life-style variables. Using C5.0 decision tree, C&RT tree, and CHAID methodologies to build model, and subsequently discovers that whether the 7 variables - “age”, “level of education”, “location”, “personal asset status”, “main source of income: children”, “monthly personal disposal income” and “source of income: salary” will have significant impacts on information-rich population within “digital divide”. Therefore, the research recommendations will be provided according to the results from these 7 variables.

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