本論文所研究之課題係「基因轉殖食品之相關法律問題研究」，與基因轉殖科技有關之產品包括有基因治療藥劑、基因治療儀器、基因轉殖食品、基因轉殖作物等等，本文僅以基因轉殖食品作為討論對象，由於道德倫理等因素在此議題上較未如基因治療等其他議題重要，故在討論基因轉殖食品之產品責任時，問題亦較為稍微簡化。惟值得注意者，基因轉殖食品之研究及發展，多認因人類對於基因工程的認知有限，故無法預期基因轉殖作物的釋出於環境中，更無法確知基因轉殖食品供與人類或其他生物所食用消費時，是否具有不可避免之風險。在探討基因轉殖食品之相關法律問題前，應先對基因轉殖技術的特性有一初步了解，否則，無法判定能否將基因轉殖食品視同目前其他一般食品予以規範，故本論文先簡單介紹基因轉殖技術，再就目前我國就基因轉殖食品的法律管制作說明，包括基因轉殖食品的安全性檢驗及標示規定，並藉由其他先進國家相關規範的介紹，進一步檢討我國法規的妥適性。其次，再就基因轉殖食品對於既有的產品責任所造成之衝擊為分析，以檢討目前的產品責任規範能否解決基因轉殖食品所可能產生的問題。最後，試圖以本文檢討之結論，就我國目前基因轉殖食品之相關規範提出立法建議。

近年來，因為國內農業生產成本不斷提高、消費者型態改變以及我國加入WTO，使得冷凍食品業的經營環境受到相當大的衝擊。所以本研究利用個案研究的方式，深入探討冷凍食品業的關鍵成功因素，瞭解冷凍食品業者在環境的機會與威脅下，如何運用自己的優勢，繼續享有競爭優勢，以及所面臨的問題如何解決。 本研究獲得下列主要結論： 1.國內冷凍食品業的關鍵成功因素為急速冷凍技術、生產設備改良、品牌、產品創新能力及掌握通路的能力。。 2.從內外在環境分析及條件前提來看，個案公司最適合採取成長策略，才能發揮個案公司的核心能力，尤其是應該在短期對國內市場採行產品擴張策略，在中長期對國外市場採取地理擴張策略。 3.產品擴張策略包括：增加產品的特性、增加產品線的廣度、開發新生代的產品。 4.地理擴張策略則是將產品銷售到國外市場及利用國外廉價的資源以生產產品。

本文以事件研究法，討論美國食品暨藥物管理局在核准新藥上市的宣告效果。結果顯示在宣告日當天，各藥廠的異常報酬沒有顯著改變，但在宣告日的前五十天交易日可以觀察到顯著的累計異常報酬，根據美國食品暨藥物管理局的審核新藥流程以及學術性期刊對於新藥的臨床實驗數據探討，亦或是新聞對於新藥療效的提前揭露，推測皆會影響事件日之前的股價反應。進一步根據會計資料的觀察，新藥的核准上市，對於藥廠的營收雖沒有顯著改變，仍可以看出有增加的趨勢。最後，諸多新聞指出分析師對於新藥的審核過程中可以取得此藥物是否會通過美國食品暨藥物管理局的內線消息，結果顯示約有41％的分析師可以準確預測藥物是否可以通過，或許跟製藥業不同於其他產業的流程導致內線消息流出有關。 / In this paper, we use event-study to estimate the stock price changes of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) decisions on new products for pharmaceutical companies. We find that FDA decisions have insignificant effects in all countries on the drug approval date. The insignificant price changes accompanying FDA announcements approval suggest that drug results have leaked to the market. It is quite possible that the results of advisory are open to public and advisory committee are held before FDA approval, advisory committee can be viewed as important news source of drug approval. After the drug approved by the FDA, the new drugs may bring additional income to the companies. Although the accounting data are insignificant at five percent significant level, we still can peek that the companies with new approval drug have their EPS increase. Besides, 41% of analyst rates the performance of next quarter better than actual EPS at that time. The reason can be the access of undisclosed information about successful approval of new drugs.

民以食為天，食品是人類生活所必須，食品產業一般被視為傳統性產業，雖然遭遇全球金融大海嘯湧入，各國購買力普遍衰退，但人類對食品需求卻永遠存在，而且食品產業長期居於製造業產值的第九名之列，其產業發展的重要性，毋庸置疑。近年來面臨全球化、創新、環保、併購及食品安全等嚴峻的議題，不斷考驗著食品業者的經營智慧，展望未來面對環境的衝擊與競爭，除對食品產業建構產銷管理的機制,藉以提昇企業整體競爭力,並應分析產業面臨的環境趨勢與問題，思考企業與產品因應之道，才能找到適當的發展策略與方法，因應今後全球化的激烈競爭。 / Food is what matters to the people, Food is the humanity lives must, Although this wave finance tsunami engulfs the entire world, The global economy falls into the valley booming, but Food industry demand is actually forever exists. In recent years, Not only our country food industry faced with the overseas food big plant steep competition, Original material subjects and so on price intense shake, consumer diet custom change, food security, green environmental protection, innovation and globalization, The unceasing impact test domestic food entrepreneur, The present paper because of the case deliberation, The analysis domestic food industry superior inferiority, Development present situation and the future tendency, Because of the case company's competition and the development strategy, For faced with each challenge food entrepreneur reference in accordance to the countermeasure, Finally and will suggest the domestic food industry future diligently the new direction.

OrganiQ is a company aiming to become a trusted provider of high quality, tasty organic leafy greens that set’s a new culinary standard. OrganiQ’s produce is of the highest quality, grown without pesticides and other chemicals but provided exactly with what they need every single stage of their growth cycle. Organic produce consumers want to feel confident that they are buying food that has kept its organic integrity at each stage of the supply chain journey. In 2013, the organic market became attractive enough for foreign investors to open a branch of an organic chain of supermarkets in Tegucigalpa. Consumers within this market segment want their organic produce to be truly fresh, discarding the traditional marketing of fresh produce which was picked when it was still unripe hundreds of kilometers away for it to be displayed “fresh” on market shelves. By bringing the farm to city with our innovative farming operation we are able to deliver produce in which the organoleptic properties of our produce are enhanced, delivering a produce rich in taste with great appearance.

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凝聚員工創造永續發展的未來: 以一跨國食品公司為例 / Successful business leaders understand the importance of aligning talents behind the strategy in accomplishing goals. The fundamental element required to thrive and grow in this business environment is people – the energy, ingenuity and engagement of your workforce. By focusing on the research questions including (1) what drives employee engagement (2) why does engagement matter and (3) how does a firm enhance and sustain engagement, this research attempts to determine the drivers and impact of engagement and the means of bringing it alive to help organizations win. The key findings of this research are (1) engagement is a two-way interaction between the employee and employer and involves employees exerting discretionary effort over and above what is normally expected 2) the primary driving force behind engagement is the organization, its view of engagement and how it acts to create an environment conducive to engaging employees (3) engagement impacts business results in productivity, profitability, customer metrics, safety and retention and (4) engaging employees begins with understanding and aligning business and employee needs and require ongoing focus on changing behaviors, processes, and systems to anticipate and respond to organization’s needs. All levels within an organization, from leadership to frontline employees, must commit to making these changes.

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「提供健康天然的食品、讓生活更優質、讓身體更健康」是創業的願景，首先「提供孕婦機能型補膳營養食品」是邁向願景的第一步。本計畫是將在台灣研發製造的「滴雞精產品」推向大陸市場，以個人微信的微型電商直效行銷型式，鎖定懷孕婦女目標族群，作為＂提供孕婦每日營養必須的補膳食品＂。一份《中國人口與勞動問題報告》指出，2005～2020年，中國每年的孕婦和產婦至少有2,800～3,000萬名之多，將蘊育出週邊產品和服務年一萬億的市場規模，而在這所謂大肚子經濟 (2015,大肚子經濟)中，孕婦的保健品則被評估至少有300億人民幣以上的市場經濟。 滴雞精微商創業首先是代理芮鑫生技公司的產品「天然芝道滴雞精」，產品優勢關鍵在於採用＂靈芝飼料配方養殖的雞隻＂，經過一年高端天然漢方生技靈芝餵養，雞隻具有高度免疫力，滴雞精品質更為安全、營養。ANN美國自然醫學研究院一篇論文＂靈芝改善人類與動物的健康及環境＂指出，使用靈芝可以改善動物的健康，減少抗生素和殺蟲劑的濫用，牲畜產品的品質也可以因而改善。所以靈芝雞隻的滴雞精產品的獨特性是與其他競爭品牌最大的差異化，相信在營養補膳保健市場中將有發展潛力。 滴雞精創業第一階段商業模式是在上海地區採用微商B2B2C的營運架構，所謂微商即是利用微信交流平台，在朋友圈中做小型商業行為。本計劃將藉由「整合團購、利用集購、跨境代購」的整合方案核心概念，在擁有６億人使用互聯網的中國大陸市場拓展，此作法是因應個人微型創業，和暫時避開大陸對進口食品的商檢、稅率和審批程序，以及有待跨境電商法規完善和小三通政策再次開放前的策略。 滴雞精中國市場未來在第二、三階段將從上海拓展至南京、蘇杭等城市，以建構營養、健康、天然、安心、食品的商務平台，並擴及至手術病後的復原人士目標對象，同時朝向眾籌、眾創營運方式，成為團體組織型態的微信主，開創新市場與新商機。 創業初期將投入200萬元新台幣做為創業基金，第一年邀請二位夥伴共同負責採購、訂單管理和行銷宣傳活動，預計召募100-150位持續有效營運的微店主，獲得700多萬新台幣的營收，第二年及往後的資金和人力需求將視營業績效擴增，三年後預計可達到年營業額千萬新台幣的營收目標。

Kyoto University (京都大学) / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(工学) / 乙第12648号 / 論工博第4076号 / 新制||工||1546(附属図書館) / 29726 / (主査)教授 牧野 俊郎, 教授 吉田 英生, 教授 中部 主敬 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当