INTRODUÇÃO: A obesidade grave dificulta fisicamente a avaliação da composição corporal. OBJETIVO: Desenvolver equações para estimativa de gordura corporal (GC) em obesos grau III. MÉTODOS: Adultos obesos graves tiveram a GC estimada por bioimpedância elétrica (BIA impedância de 5, 50, 100 e 200kHz) e por método de referência (pletismografia de deslocamento aéreo - PDA). Avaliaram-se os limites de concordância e seu coeficiente de correlação (CCC). Novas equações preditivas foram desenvolvidas por análise de regressão multivariada. RESULTADOS: A GC estimada por BIA e PDA foi similar para a população estudada (64,8 ± 15kg vs 65,6 ± 16kg, p>0,05). Ambas tiveram boa acurácia, precisão e CCC, porém a sua comparação teve amplos limites de concordância que variaram de -10,4 a 8,8kg. A equação residente de BIA aplicada em mulheres superestimou a GC (-1,3 kg; p<0,05) e em homens subestimou a GC (5,6 kg; p<0,05). Novas equações preditivas de GC foram criadas, para BIA de freqüência de 50kHz, Horie-Waitzberg & Barbosa-Silva1: GC1 (kg) = 23,25 + (0,13 × idade) + (1,00 × peso atual) + (0,09 × Resistência 50kHz) (0,80 × altura) e para BIA de frequência de 100kHz, Horie-Waitzberg & Barbosa-Silva2: GC2 (kg) = 23,97 + (0,10 × Impedância 100kHz) + (0,11 × idade) + (0,99 × peso atual) - (0,80 × altura). CONCLUSÕES: A equação residente no aparelho de BIA foi inadequada para estimar a GC em pacientes obesos grau III. As equações desenvolvidas especialmente para esta população forneceram estimativas de GC mais precisas (melhores limites de concordância, precisão, acurácia e CCC). / RATIONALE: Severe obesity limits physically the body composition assessment. AIM: To develop equations of body fat (BF) estimative in severe obesity. METHODS: Severely obese adults had BF estimated by bioelectrical impedance (BIA impedance of 5, 50, 100 and 200kHz) and reference method (air displacement plethysmography - ADP). The limits of agreement and of concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) of the data were evaluated. New predictive equations were developed by multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS: The BF estimations from BIA and ADP were similar for the studied population (64.8 ± 15kg vs 65.6 ± 16.4kg, p>0.05). Both had good accuracy, precision, and CCC, but their comparison had wide limit of agreement with range from -10.4 to 8.8kg. The home BIA equation overestimated BF in women (-1.3 kg, p<0,05) and underestimated BF in men (5.6 kg; p <0.05). BF new predictive equations were generated, for BIA with 50kHz frequency, Horie- Waitzberg & Barbosa-Silva1: BF1 (kg) = 23.25 + (0.13 × age) + (1.00 × current weight) + (0.09 × Resistance 50kHz) (0.80 × height) and for BIA with 100kHz frequency, Horie-Waitzberg & Barbosa-Silva2: BF2 (kg) = 23.97 + (0.10 × Impedance 100kHz) + (0.11 × age) + (0.99 × current weight) - (0.80 × height). CONCLUSIONS: The home equation on BIA was inadequate for estimating BF in severely obese patients. Equations developed especially for this population provides more accurate BF estimative (better limits of agreement accuracy, precision and CCC).

A doença renal crônica é uma das maiores causas de enfermidade e óbito de gatos geriátricos e carreia o declínio da função renal. A forma crônica é caracterizada por persistir um período prolongado de tempo e de prognóstico reservado. Atualmente, a reposição hídrica, a hemodiálise e o transplante são as opções de terapia. Como a terapia com células-tronco tem sido extensivamente estudada nos últimos anos devido a sua capacidade de melhorar a função de órgão lesionados, inclusive os rins, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do transplante de células-tronco de tecido adiposo de gatos, bem como estudar a contribuição de exames complementares laboratoriais e de imagem na evolução terapêutica dos animais. As células provenientes deste tecido apresentaram morfologia fibroblastóide; aderência ao plástico; diferenciaram em osteócitos, condrócitos e adipócitos e expressaram marcadores de superfície característicos de células-tronco mesenquimais. Além disso, quando injetadas em camundongos imunossuprimidos nude não apresentaram formações tumorais. Para triar os animais com a doença renal crônica para este estudo foram realizados exames de sangue, urina e ultrassonografia de 97 animais, destes, sete animais tiveram o perfil escolhido e foram incluídos. Neste estudo os animais foram divididos em 3 grupos: placebo (A); terapia celular (B) e terapia celular associada a reposição hídrica (C). Os resultados demonstram que não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos, mas isso se deve ao tamanho de nossa amostra. Entretanto verificamos que 2 animais apresentaram discreta redução da creatinina sérica. Considerando o perfil das citocinas séricas, constatamos aumento significativo da IL6 dentro do grupo A; a IL10 se comportou de maneira diferente entre os grupos, havendo um discreto aumento no grupo B e significativa redução do grupo A e a TNF&alpha; não alterou ao longo do tempo. Sendo assim, a inoculação endovenosa de células-tronco do tecido adiposo pode prevenir a progressão da doença de forma sutil. / Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most commom causes of illness and death in geriatric cats and leads to a loss of kidney function. The chronic form is characterized by persisting an extended period of time and it has a poor prognosis. Currently, fluid replacement, hemodialysis and kidney transplantation are the treatment options. As the stem cell therapy has been extensively studied in recent years due to its ability to improve the function of organ injured, including the kidneys, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of transplantation of stem cell derived from adipose tissue of cats as also study the contribution of laboratory exams and imaging in therapeutic evolution. Cells from adipose tissue showed fibroblastoid morphology, adherence to plastic; differentiated into osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes and expressed surface markers characteristic of mesenchymal stem cells. Furthermore, when injected into immunocompromised nude mice showed no tumor formation. To screen animals with chronic kidney disease for this study were performed blood tests, ultrasound and urine of 97 animals, these seven animals had chosen profile and were included. In this study the animals were divided into three groups: placebo (A); cell therapy (B) and cell therapy associated with hydration (C). The results show that no significant difference between the groups, but this is due to our sample size. However two cats with CKD of group B experienced modest decrease in serum creatinine. Regarding serum cytokine expression profile, we found a significant increase of IL-6 in the group A; the IL10 behaved differently among the groups, with a slight increase in group B while group A presented significant reduction and TNF&alpha; and did not change over time. Thus, the intravenous injection of stem cells from adipose tissue may prevent the progression of disease in a subtle way.

Dans différents types de cancers, notamment dans le cancer du sein, il existe une population cellulaire à l’origine des mécanismes de rechute de la maladie plusieurs années après la fin des traitements initiaux, caractérisée par des propriétés de cellules souches et une chimiorésistance unique dont le mécanisme est inconnu. Pour ces raisons il est important de comprendre les mécanismes et de connaître les acteurs physiologiques impliqués à la fois dans la régulation des cellules souches normales et cancéreuses. Le CD10 est une endopeptidase zinc-dépendante capable d’inactiver un certain nombre de peptides impliqués, entre autre, dans le développement de la glande mammaire. Nos recherches ont permis de montrer que la population cellulaire exprimant le CD10 dans la glande mammaire était enrichie en cellules souches/progéniteurs communs précoces/cellules myoépithéliales. Nos résultats suggèrent que l’adhérence des cellules souches au stroma via l’intégrine β1 et le clivage de certains peptides par le CD10 sont des éléments clés du micro-environnement permettant le maintien du réservoir de cellules souches et de progéniteurs précoces dans la glande mammaire. Le tissu adipeux est également un des constituants majeur de l’environnement de la glande mammaire et joue un rôle dans la sécrétion de facteurs de croissances également impliqués dans l’homéostasie du tissu mammaire. Nos résultats ont suggéré qu’en plus de son rôle nourricier, le tissu adipeux pouvait constituer une source potentielle de cellules souches épithéliales luminales pouvant ainsi être considérée comme une nouvelle source cellulaire à l’origine de certains cancers du sein. / In breast, the existence of cancer stem cells has been demonstrated and that explain a number of observations as tumour heterogeneity. Other studies have demonstrated the resistance of radio and chemotherapy by different innate or acquired stem cell specific mechanisms that could explain relapse few years after the traitment. For all these reasons, that is very important to understand these mechanisms and to know physiological actors both implicated in the regulation of normal or cancer stem cells. CD10 is a zinc-dependant metallo-endopeptidase that inactivates a number of signalling peptides that could be implicated in mammary growth and differentiation. We have showed that CD10+ cell sorted population is enriched in Stem Cells/Early Common Progenitors/MyoEPithelial cells. We demonstrate that the protease activity of CD10 and the adhesion function of beta1-integrin are required to prevent differentiation of mammary stem cells/early progenitors. Taken together, our data suggest that integrin-mediated contact with the basement membrane and cleavage of signalling factors by CD10 are key elements in the microenvironment that maintains the progenitor and stem cell pools in the mammary gland. Adipose tissue is also a major component of the mammary microenvironment implicated in its homeostasis by the secretion of soluble factors. Our results suggested that the adipose tissue could be considered as a potential source of stem cells that differentiated into the luminal epithelial lineage involved in some breast cancers.

Fibrose du tissu adipeux humain: relations avec l'élasticité du tissu, des changements de poids et les comorbiditiés de l'obésité.Contexte Le remodelage de la matrice extracellulaire (MEC), e.g. la fibrose, est une altération pathologique du tissu adipeux sous-cutané (TAsc) dans l'obésité. La fibrose du TAsc est associée aux troubles métaboliques et à la perte de poids à la chirurgie bariatrique (CB). Un outil non-invasif a été développé pour évaluer l'élasticité du TAsc (la VS) et son lien avec les comorbidités de l'obésité.Hypothèses 1) La VS associée aux troubles métaboliques prédit la perte de poids et les améliorations cardiométaboliques à la CB; 2) La VS est liée avec les collagènes et avec d'autres caractères du TAsc; 3) la VS change avec le remodelage de la MEC du TAsc durant la perte de poids; 4) le développement de l'outil évaluant la VS est utile dans la pratique clinique. Méthodes Une étude clinque a été réalisée chez plus de 100 obèses candidats à la CB, avec les mesures transcriptomique, histologique et secretomique in vitro et ex vivo pour évaluer des altérations du TAsc. La validation de l'outil a été aussi réalisée. Résultats 1) La VS est associée à la fibrose du TAsc, aux paramètres biocliniques, aux anomalies cardiométaboliques chez les obèses morbides; 2) La VS pré-CB prédit la perte de poids d'un an à la CB; 3) Le TAsc subit un remodelage majeur durant la perte de poids, en particulier une augmentation des collagènes qui est lié à une élévation de la dégradation des collagènes, à une diminution du pontage de la MEC, non à un changement détectable de la VS. Ces observations suggèrent une adaptation adéquate de la MEC du TAsc durant la perte de poids. Conlusion : L’exploration du remodelage du TAsc (e.g. la fibrose et la VS) est un intérêt principal dans cette maladie complexe. / Context Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, e.g. fibrosis, is a hallmark pathological alteration of subcutaneous adipose tissue (scAT) in obesity. ScAT fibrosis associates with metabolic disorders and bariatric surgery (BS)-induced weight loss. ScAT fibrosis increases mechanical stress on adipocytes and induces fibro-inflammation. A non-invasive tool was recently developed to evaluate scAT stiffness, shear wave speed (SWS) and its link with obesity comorbidities. Hypotheses 1) SWS associates with metabolic disorders and predicts BS-induced weight loss and cardiometabolic improvements, 2) SWS is explained by collagen deposition and other structural features; 3) SWS changes with scAT ECM remodeling during weight loss; 4) developing a relevant tool to measure SWS is helpful in clinical practice.Methods We conducted a clinical study in more than 100 obese candidates for BS, combined with a series of in vitro and ex vivo transcriptomic, histological and secretomic measures of tissue alteration. Validation steps were realized to confirm the clinical use of the tool. Results 1) SWS associated with scAT fibrosis, various bioclinical parameters, cardiometabolic abnormalities at baseline in morbid obesity; 2) pre-BS SWS has a predictive role in one-year BS-induced weight loss; 3) scAT underwent major remodeling, particularly collagens accumulation, during BS-induced weight loss. This was related to increased collagen degradation, decreased cross-linking, but not with detectable change in SWS. These observations reflected an adequate ECM adaptation during fat mass loss. Conclusion Exploring scAT remodeling (e.g. fibrosis and stiffness) is of main interest in this complex disease.

Au cours de l'obésité, le Tissu Adipeux blanc (TAB) est le siège d'un important remaniement de sa Matrice Extracellulaire avec des amas fibrotiques autour des adipocytes et des vaisseaux. Cette organisation caractéristique semble avoir une incidence dans la physiopathologie de l'obésité. Les composés spécifiques à la Membrane Basale ont été mis en évidence autour des adipocytes et des cellules endothéliales et leur expression est fortement induite dans l'adipocyte obèse. L'expression de COL4A1 est positivement corrélée à l'insulino-résistance de sujets présentant une obésité modérée. De plus, dans un autre groupe de sujets massivement obèses candidats à la chirugie bariatrique, la diminution de l'expression génique de COL4A1 est à relier avec l'amélioration de l'insulino-résistance après l'intervention. Enfin, nous observons que, dans le TAB, l'expression de COL4A1 est positivement associée à l'expression génique de deux facteurs de croissance pro-fibrotiques, le TGF 1 et le TGF 3, dans le TAB. La culture tridimensionnelle d'adipocytes ou de cellules endothéliales exposés à ces deux facteurs induit un phénotype fibro-inflammatoire dans ces types cellulaires. Néanmoins, le traitement par le TGF 1 ou TGF 3 induit uniquement dans les cellules endothéliales une sur-expression de COL4A1 et non dans les adipocytes.En conclusion, nos données proposent un nouvel acteur de la fibrose du TAB au cours de l'obésité, la Membrane Basale adipocytaire et vasculaire, participant ainsi à la dysfonction tissulaire et métabolique. / During obesity, White Adipose Tissue (WAT) undergoes an important remodeling of its Extracellular Matrixwith fibrotic depots around adipocytes and vessels. This typical organization seems to have an impact in the pathophysiology of obesity. Basement Membrane components were detected around adipocytes and endothelial cells and their expression were significantly increased in obese adipocytes. COL4A1 expression in WAT is positively correlated to insulin-resistance parameters in moderate obese subjects, and its reduction is associated to insulin-resistance improvement after gastric bypass in a group of morbidly obese subjects. Finally, we demonstrated a postive correlation between COL4A1 expression and two pro-fibrotic growth factor (TGF1 and TGF3) in obese WAT. In vitro treatment of isolated adipocytes and endothelial cells with these TGF isoforms induced inflammatory and fibrotic phenotype. However, TGF1 and TGF3 exposure only provoked COL4A1 over-expression in endothelial cells, and not in adipocytes. In conclusion, our work have highlighted a new actor in WAT fibrosis during obesity, adipocytes and endothelial cells Basement Membrane, participating in the pathological alterations of obese adipose tissue and metabolism.

The timing of cell differentiation is important for development and renewal of well functioning organs and tissues. One protein involved in this process is Preadipocyte factor 1 (Pref-1). Most likely, the role of this protein is to maintain cells in an undifferentiated state. The work presented in this thesis, has employed the rat as an animal model for the studies of Pref-1. Rat models of obesity (Zucker, ZO) and type II diabetes (Goto-Kakizaki, GK) were used to determine metabolic influence on Pref-1 and adipokine mRNA expression in adipose tissues. The Pref-1 cleavage product was purified from rat amniotic fluid and physicochemically characterised. Concentration of Pref-1 in serum, amniotic fluid and urine was determined by ELISA. Soluble Pref-1 and the compartmentalisation of the protein were highly similar to what had previously been demonstrated in mice and humans. Immunohistochemistry studies displayed similar staining patterns of Pref-1 in adrenal glands, ovaries and pituitary glands of non-pregnant and pregnant rats. This suggests that pregnancy do not influence the protein expression of Pref-1 in these organs. In the GK rats, Pref-1 mRNA was altered and a decrease in the visceral compared to subcutaneous adipose depots was demonstrated, in contrast to the ZO rats. Additionally, adiponectin, leptin, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA levels were altered in the diabetic strain, indicating that this animal model expresses many of the typical features of type II diabetes. In conclusion, the rat is an appropriate model for studies of FA1/Pref-1/dlk. Pref-1 is highly elevated in fetal and maternal serum during pregnancy. However, the expression of Pref-1 in some endocrine tissues did not alter due to pregnancy. The mRNA expression of Pref-1 was altered between adipose depots and demonstrated to be affected by metabolic disturbances in the animals.

A caquexia associada ao câncer deflagra, entre outros sintomas, uma acentuada redução de peso, além de um estado sistêmico inflamatório. O tecido adiposo branco é um importante órgão endócrino, capaz de sintetizar mediadores pró-inflamatórios, que contribuem para tal inflamação sistêmica. Há uma relação direta entre o aumento da ativação da via do receptor Toll-like 4 (TLR-4) dependente do fator 88 de diferenciação mielóide (MyD88) e a inflamação, e portanto, foi objetivo do presente estudo examinar o papel desta via no TAB subcutâneo de pacientes com câncer e caquexia. Os dados obtidos apontam que a via do TLR-4 dependente do MyD88 mostrou estar afetada no TAB destes pacientes. / Cancer cachexia triggers, among other symptoms, severe weight loss, as well as chronic systemic inflammation. The white adipose tissue (WAT) is an important endocrine organ, capable of synthesising pro-inflammatory mediators, which contribute to systemic inflammation. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are pointed out to be responsible for WAT catabolism activation, increasing lipolysis and also contributing to cachexia associated systemic inflammation. There is parallelism between increased activation of the myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) dependent Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) pathway and inflammation, and thus, the objective of this study was to examine the role of one such pathway in the inflammation of subcutaneous WAT in cachectic cancer patients. The data show that MyD88 dependent TLR-4 pathway is affected during cachexia.

A caquexia associada ao câncer, cujo mais notável sintoma é a rápida e severa perda de peso, afeta cerca de metade dos pacientes com câncer e está presente na grande maioria (mais de dois terços) dos pacientes com câncer em estágio avançado. Estudos recentes têm mostrado que mediadores inflamatórios desempenham um papel importante no desenvolvimento e manutenção da caquexia associada ao câncer, sendo esta hoje em dia definida como uma doença inflamatória crônica e sistêmica. O tecido adiposo branco é um dos primeiros compartimentos do organismo afetados, sofrendo uma elevada taxa de lipólise. Atualmente este tecido é considerado um órgão endócrino, secretando ativamente hormônios, proteínas e citocinas, capazes de regular diretamente o metabolismo. Um ponto comum na expressão das citocinas pró-inflamatórias pelo tecido adiposo e a lipólise é a ativação do fator de transcrição nuclear kappa B (NF-<font face=\"symbol\">kB). A alta taxa de secreção de citocinas pró-inflamatórias e PGE2 contribuem para a inflamação sistêmica característica da caquexia. O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar a via de sinalização clássica do NF-<font face=\"symbol\">kB: Expressão gênica (Ikkalpha, IKKbeta, Ikkgama, IkBalpha, IkBBeta, p65/RelA e p50) e avaliar a ligação das proteínas p65/RelA e p50 à região promotora alvo do NF-kB (5\'-GGGACTTTCC-3 \'). Além disso, estudamos o papel do TNF-alfa e da PGE2 na ativação da via do NF-<font face=\"symbol\">kB. O estudo envolveu 35 pacientes: 10 no grupo controle (C, pacientes em tratamento de hérnia) e 25 no grupo tumor (câncer gástrico), subdivididos em peso estável e caquéticos. O grupo caquéticos (TC) consistiu de pacientes com perda de peso não intencional declarada > 5% nos últimos 12 meses, fadiga e aumento da concentração sérica do marcador inflamatório proteína C-reativa (Evans et al, 2008). O grupo de peso estável (T ) consistiu de pacientes em tratamento de câncer, sem perda de peso não intencional declarada > 5% nos últimos 12 meses. Parâmetros bioquímicos foram analisados e correlacionados com os dados disponíveis. Os resultados de expressão gênica mostraram p65/RelA (p = 0,0101), IkbAlpha (p = 0,0287), IkkAlpha (p = 0,0306), e IKKbeta (p = 0,0141), significativamente mais expressas no grupo Tumor e p65/RelA (p = 0,0101), também no grupo caquético. TNF-alfa induziu maior ativação do NF-<font face=\"symbol\">kB em comparação com PGE2 (p <0,0001). Propomos que a expressão das proteínas da via clássica de sinalização do NF-<font face=\"symbol\">kB no tecido adiposo branco serviria como um marcador precoce da inflamação sistêmica característica da caquexia associada ao câncer. / Cancer Cachexia, whose most notable symptom is severe and rapid weight loss, affects about half of all cancer patients and is present in the vast majority (more than two thirds) of patients with advanced cancer. Recent studies have shown that inflammatory mediators play an important role in the development of cachexia, nowadays envisaged as a chronic inflammatory disease. The white adipose tissue is one of the first compartments of the organism affected in cancer cachexia, and suffers a high rate of lypolisys. This tissue is an endocrine organ, secreting several hormones, proteins and cytokines, capable of directly regulating intermediate metabolism. Adipose tissue up regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and PGE2 secretion contribute to systemic inflammation. A common pathway in the regulation of the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lypolisys in the white adipose tissue is the activation of the nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-<font face=\"symbol\">kB). The pourpose of the study was to examine the NF-<font face=\"symbol\">kB classical signalling pathway proteins gene expression (Real time PCR - Ikkalpha, IkkBeta, Ikkgama, IkBalpha, IkBBeta, p65/RelA and p50) and the evaluation of the binding of p65/RelA and p50 to the target promoter region of NF-<font face=\"symbol\">kB (5-GGGACTTTCC-3). Additionally, we examined the TNF-Alpha and PGE2 role in activating the NF-<font face=\"symbol\">kB pathway by gene reporter assay. The study involved 35 patients: 10 in the control group (C, hernia patients) and 25 in the Tumour group, further divided into cachectic and weight stable. The Cachectic group (TC) consisted of patients with a self-declared unintentional weight loss of >5% in the previous 12 months, fatigue and increased inflammatory marker C-Reactive protein (Evans et al, 2008); the weight stable group (T) consisted of patients in treatment for cancer without declared weight loss >5% in the past 12 months. Biochemical parameters were analysed and correlated with the available data. Gene expression results showed p65/RelA (p = 0.0101), IkbAlpha (p = 0.0287), IkkAlpha (p = 0.0306) and IkkBeta (p = 0.0141) to be significantly more expressed in the Tumour group and p65/RelA (p = 0.0101), also in the cachectic group. TNF-Alpha elicited higher NF-<font face=\"symbol\">kB activation as compared with PGE2 (p <0.0001). We propose that NF-<font face=\"symbol\">kB pathway related protein expression in White adipose tissue may serve as an early marker of cancer-related systemic inflammation.

Pretendeu-se, no presente estudo, verificar a segurança e a eficácia do transplante de células-tronco derivadas do tecido adiposo (ASC) em ratos com UC induzida por ácido trinitrobenzenosulfonico (TNBS). A população celular foi isolada do tecido adiposo por dissociação mecânica e cultivada. O comportamento celular foi verificado por meio da morfologia, proliferação, viabilidade, capacidade de aderência à superfície plástica e parâmetros de diferenciação osteogênica, condrogênica e adipogênica. Os animais foram avaliados, considerando-se os aspectos clínicos, macroscópicos, microscópicos e bioquímicos. No modelo experimental de UC, a infusão de ASC reduziu significativamente a presença de aderências entre o cólon e órgãos adjacentes, bem como diminuiu a quantidade de células inflamatórias na mucosa lesada. Conclui-se que as ASC podem promover e/ou acelerar o processo de regeneração da mucosa intestinal inflamada e assim, serem empregadas como uma opção terapêutica com amplo potencial de aplicabilidade no tratamento da DII. / It was intended in this study verify the safety and efficacy of the transplantation of adipose derived stem cells (ASC) in rats with ulcerative colitis induced by trinitrobenzenosulfonico acid (TNBS). The cell population was isolated from the adipose tissue by mechanical dissociation and cultured. The cell behavior was verified by the morphology, proliferation, viability, ability to adhere to the plastic surface and parameters of osteogenic differentiation, adipogenic and chondrogenic. The animals were evaluated, considering the aspects clinical, macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical. In experimental ulcerative colitis, infusion of ASC significantly reduced the presence of adhesions between the colon and adjacent organs and decreased the amount of inflammatory cells in the injured mucosa. It is concluded that the ASC can promote and/or accelerate the healing process of the intestinal mucosa inflamed and thus be employed as a therapeutic option with wide potential application in the treatment of IBD.

A forte associação entre obesidade e resistência à insulina denota a participação do tecido adiposo na patogênese das anormalidades metabólicas encontradas no Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Entretanto, a falta de tecido adiposo também pode desencadear sérias complicações metabólicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o papel do tecido adiposo sobre as anormalidades metabólicas apresentadas pelo modelo experimental de DM induzido por estreptozotocina no período neonatal em ratos, caracterizado pela reduzida massa adiposa e presença de resistência à insulina na idade adulta. Cinco grupos de animais foram experimentados: controle não diabético (C); diabéticos tratados com: insulina (I); pioglitazona (P); ou metformina (M) e; grupo diabético não tratado (D). Verificamos que apenas os grupos I e P recuperaram o peso corporal e a massa adiposa, concomitante à uma melhora na responsividade à insulina. A normalização da massa adiposa observada nos grupos I e P está relacionada a aumento na expressão gênica de fatores de transcrição diretamente relacionados à adipogênese, assim como a um aumento na incorporação de glicose em lípides. Assim, a manutenção da massa adiposa exerce um papel-chave no controle metabólico apresentado por este modelo experimental. / A strong relationship between obesity and insulin resistance denotes the participation of adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of metabolic abnormalities seen in Diabetes Mellitus (DM). However, not only the excess, but the lack of adipose tissue can also trigger serious metabolic complications. The present study aimed to verify the role of adipose tissue on metabolic abnormalities seen in a DM experimental model induced by streptozotocin during neonatal period in rats, characterized by reduced adipose mass and presence of insulin resistance during adulthood. Five experimental groups were performed: non-diabetic control (C); treated diabetic with: insulin (I); pioglitazone (P); or metformin (M) and; non-treated diabetic (D). We verified that only I and P groups recovered body weight and adipose mass, concomitant to an improvement of insulin responsiveness The normalization of adipose mass in groups I and P is related to increased gene expression of transcription factors directly related to adipogenesis as well as increase in glucose incorporation into lipids. Therefore the maintenance of adipose mass exerts a key role in the metabolic control presented by this experimental model.