Cette recherche s'articule autour du rituel du mariage chez les Ait Soukhmanes. Il s'agit de voir comment évoluent la pratique et l'oralité dans une communauté en pleine mutation. Le cérémonial est présenté dans son contexte global, et ses constituants sont analysés et interprétés en fonction des micro et macrocontextes. Les chants rituels collectés en contexte de performance en deux périodes différentes ont fait l'objet d'une étude détaillée en référence aux approches ethnolinguistique et herméneutique. L'analyse thématique a permis d'identifier les actes de paroles exprimés, de relever et de développer les thèmes et les croyances transversaux. L'approche littéraire s'est focalisée sur les procédés stylistiques récurrents. A travers les représentations que ces chants véhiculent, le rapport entre le texte et le contexte global est établi, le portrait de la femme idéale brossé et le sens de l'honneur dégagé. Ensuite, ont été mis en exergue les différents facteurs qui influent sur la pratique rituelle. Le constat est que les croyances et les représentations sont plus résistantes que les pratiques qui s'adaptent au mode de vie tout en subissant des influences extérieures. Quant à la conscience identitaire, elle a été traitée dans le cadre de la globalisation où la culture, en particulier les expressions artistiques, sont un lieu de négociation, de résistance, d'affirmation ou d'aliénation. Mais les outils et les mesures prises pour la préservation et la dynamisation de l'oralité ne peuvent pas remplacer l'oralité primaire dans son rôle social et identitaire. La question est comment lui assurer les conditions de survie au sein du groupe. / This research approaches marriage ceremony among the Ait Soukhmanes by investigating how this practice and related oral literature evolve amid deep social and cultural modifications. The ceremony is presented in its global context and its constituents are analyzed and interpreted according to micro and macro contexts. The study focuses on the comparison of songs collected in their context of ritual performance in two different periods of time. The songs are analyzed with reference to the ethnolinguistic and hermeneutic approaches. The thematic analysis makes it possible to identify the link between act and spoken word in the performance as well as cross-cutting themes and beliefs. The literary approach has focused on the recurring stylistic processes of the songs. The relationship between the text and the overall context is established through the representations that these songs convey, such as the image of the ideal woman and the sense of honor. In the second part, the different factors influencing ritual practice and festive groups are highlighted. The conclusion is that beliefs and representations are more resistant than practices, these latter adapting to the way of life while undergoing external influences. The process of identity construction has been treated in the context of globalization where culture, especially artistic expressions, are a place of negotiation, resistance, affirmation and/or alienation. However, we see that the policies adopted to revitalize orality do not replace the primary orality which is preserved only when it is present in the community life. The open question remains how we can assure the conditions of the survival of oral literature.

The research was designed to investigate the effects of AIT-082, a derivative of the purine hypoxanthine containing a para-amino benzoic acid moiety, on neural cells. AIT-082 has been shown to possess a number of neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties and to enhance memory. Furthermore, AIT-082 is undergoing clinical trials as a potential treatment for Alzheimers disease.<p>The first part of the study investigated the ability of AIT-082 to influence cellular ATP levels in cortical neurons. Decreased energy metabolism is a key point in Yings (Ying, 1996a) theory of the development of Alzheimers disease. Previous work with AIT-082 had shown that it could protect hippocampal neurons from cellular damage caused by sublethal doses of glutamate. Specifically, AIT-082 prevented neurite degeneration. Also, AIT-082 was shown to increase mitochondrial membrane potential, especially at the distal tips of the neurites, in hippocampal neurons. I hypothesized that AIT-082 was protecting the neurons by increasing the ability of the mitochondria to generate ATP and thereby increasing the amount of ATP available to the cell. ATP was collected and measured from cortical neuron cultures that were exposed to glutamate, AIT-082, glutamate and AIT-082. The ATP levels were compared to the ATP levels from cortical neuron cultures that were exposed to vehicle for glutamate and AIT-082. The results did not significantly increase ATP levels in cortical neurons following glutamate exposure. <p>The next set of experiments involved investigations into the ability of AIT-082 to influence phosphorylation events in neural cells. AIT-082 shares some neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties with a group of drugs called the immunophilin ligands. The neuroprotective properties of the immunophilin ligands are mainly due to their ability to influence protein phosphorylation by inhibiting the activity of calcineurin a protein phosphatase. The first set of experiments used western blot techniques to measure serine peptide and threonine peptide phosphorylation levels in proteins from whole brain homogenates that were incubated with vehicle, AIT-082, and GMP. Both AIT-082 and GMP caused an increase in the level of serine peptide phosphorylation compared to vehicle but only the increase caused by GMP treatment proved to be significant. Further, threonine phosphorylation levels were significantly increased by GMP but not AIT-082. Phosphorylation levels of short peptide sequences containing either a phosphorylated serine or threonine residue were also measured in neuronal and astrocytic cultures. The neuronal cultures were exposed to 4 h of hypoxia to mimic the conditions of reduced energy availability observed in Alzheimers disease brains. Astrocyte cultures were exposed to 4 h of hypoxia/ischemia for the same reason. Both cell types were allowed to recover for 0, 1, 4, 12 and 24 hours with or without AIT-082 following the insult. AIT-082 treatment did not significantly affect phosphorylation levels of proteins harvested from either neuron or astrocyte cultures at any time period. I conclude therefore, that AIT-082 is not able to influence phosphorylation of the short amino acid sequences containing phosphorylated serine or threonine residues that could be detected by the primary antibodies used in my experiments.

The research was designed to investigate the effects of AIT-082, a derivative of the purine hypoxanthine containing a para-amino benzoic acid moiety, on neural cells. AIT-082 has been shown to possess a number of neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties and to enhance memory. Furthermore, AIT-082 is undergoing clinical trials as a potential treatment for Alzheimers disease.<p>The first part of the study investigated the ability of AIT-082 to influence cellular ATP levels in cortical neurons. Decreased energy metabolism is a key point in Yings (Ying, 1996a) theory of the development of Alzheimers disease. Previous work with AIT-082 had shown that it could protect hippocampal neurons from cellular damage caused by sublethal doses of glutamate. Specifically, AIT-082 prevented neurite degeneration. Also, AIT-082 was shown to increase mitochondrial membrane potential, especially at the distal tips of the neurites, in hippocampal neurons. I hypothesized that AIT-082 was protecting the neurons by increasing the ability of the mitochondria to generate ATP and thereby increasing the amount of ATP available to the cell. ATP was collected and measured from cortical neuron cultures that were exposed to glutamate, AIT-082, glutamate and AIT-082. The ATP levels were compared to the ATP levels from cortical neuron cultures that were exposed to vehicle for glutamate and AIT-082. The results did not significantly increase ATP levels in cortical neurons following glutamate exposure. <p>The next set of experiments involved investigations into the ability of AIT-082 to influence phosphorylation events in neural cells. AIT-082 shares some neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties with a group of drugs called the immunophilin ligands. The neuroprotective properties of the immunophilin ligands are mainly due to their ability to influence protein phosphorylation by inhibiting the activity of calcineurin a protein phosphatase. The first set of experiments used western blot techniques to measure serine peptide and threonine peptide phosphorylation levels in proteins from whole brain homogenates that were incubated with vehicle, AIT-082, and GMP. Both AIT-082 and GMP caused an increase in the level of serine peptide phosphorylation compared to vehicle but only the increase caused by GMP treatment proved to be significant. Further, threonine phosphorylation levels were significantly increased by GMP but not AIT-082. Phosphorylation levels of short peptide sequences containing either a phosphorylated serine or threonine residue were also measured in neuronal and astrocytic cultures. The neuronal cultures were exposed to 4 h of hypoxia to mimic the conditions of reduced energy availability observed in Alzheimers disease brains. Astrocyte cultures were exposed to 4 h of hypoxia/ischemia for the same reason. Both cell types were allowed to recover for 0, 1, 4, 12 and 24 hours with or without AIT-082 following the insult. AIT-082 treatment did not significantly affect phosphorylation levels of proteins harvested from either neuron or astrocyte cultures at any time period. I conclude therefore, that AIT-082 is not able to influence phosphorylation of the short amino acid sequences containing phosphorylated serine or threonine residues that could be detected by the primary antibodies used in my experiments.

This study takes an Institutional and Evolutionary Economic (IEE) approach to exploring the Taiwan lobby in the United States. This IEE approach encompasses many fields and borrows theory from diverse disciplines. These range from evolutionary psychology, political economic thought, organizational theory, economics, history, to other helpful tools in understanding economics and institutions. My study starts with some preliminaries, a history of the U.S. and Taiwan, an extensive survey of literature in the field, then dives into the exploration of U.S. arms sales to Taiwan 1950-2010. It should be here stated that, to my knowledge, this is the first time such a time span has been tackled on the issue anywhere in international academia. What is so fortuitous is the fact that the Taiwan Relations Act was adopted in the middle of this 60-year timeframe, giving my study the ability to compare two 30-year timeframes. I then put this into the context of the Taiwan lobby while putting the Taiwan lobby in the context of arms sales. The four lobbies explored are: 1) The U.S.-Taiwan Business Council, 2) TECRO, 3) AIT and 4) FAPA. These institutions are explored from the: 1) individual, 2) structural and 3) structure of interaction perspectives. My main drive is to understand the structure and structure of interaction of the Taiwan lobby and to apply this with a practical understanding for a student of management. I offer my own model about what makes a lobbyist successful in his art, craft and business.

Based on Construal Level Theory (Trope &amp; Liberman, 2010), the present study examines the impact of temporal distance on moral concern. A manipulation on individuals’ mind-set has been made in to abstract (High level) versus concrete (Low level) mentality to inspect the ability to effect peoples’ moral concern. Our first hypothesis is that future-oriented people should show more moral concern than present-oriented individuals. Present-oriented people should, however, after an abstract manipulation show a higher moral concern, correspondent with future-oriented individual’s moral concern. 176 undergraduates from a Swedish university participated in the study. The respondents were asked to answer a questionnaire, and a scale was used to measure the individual temporal perspective (Consideration of Future Consequences scale, CFC) and then a manipulation was made. Half of the participants were allotted an abstract (high level) manipulation, and the other half were given a concrete (low level) manipulation. The manipulation was followed by a questionnaire that measured the moral concern, in the form of blame, attributed to morally questionable actions. We found a positive correlation between temporal focus and moral concern. The manipulation however showed no effect of abstraction on peoples’ moral concern. Nor did a two-way between subjects ANOVA show a significant interaction between temporal perspective and abstraction, providing no support for our second and third hypotheses. An environmental impact on the respondents is discussed as a possible reason for the results not being fully consistent with previous studies. For future research we suggest similar longitudinal studies, which would supply researchers with the opportunity to study the long-term effect on different types of moral.

Submitted by Reginaldo Soares de Freitas (reginaldo.freitas@ufv.br) on 2017-04-25T16:46:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 490812 bytes, checksum: 3c1e1b2cb62a1eb96c79234d9d23bdfe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-25T16:46:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 490812 bytes, checksum: 3c1e1b2cb62a1eb96c79234d9d23bdfe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000-03-20 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / O presente trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de Strelitzia reginae, escarificadas com ácido sulfúrico e colocadas para germinar a diferentes temperaturas, e determinar o estádio de maturação dos frutos que proporcione melhor qualidade das sementes. Para isto, foram conduzidos dois experimentos. No primeiro, as sementes foram escarificadas com ácido sulfúrico concentrado por 0, 3, 5, 7 e 9 minutos. Em laboratório, as sementes foram colocadas em rolo de papel-toalha e levadas para o germinador regulado às temperaturas de 25o, 20-30o e 30oC. Foram avaliados a germinação e o vigor. No teste de germinação, aos 30 dias, avaliaram-se as plântulas normais (germinação), anormais, as sementes duras e mortas. O vigor foi avaliado pela primeira contagem da germinação, pelo comprimento de radícula e pela velocidade de germinação. Em casa de vegetação, à temperatura ambiente, as sementes foram semeadas em leito de areia, à profundidade de 2 cm. Foram avaliados a percentagem de emergência e o número médio de dias para a emergência das plântulas. No segundo experimento, as sementes foram colhidas em três estádios de maturação do fruto (verde, seco-fechado e seco-aberto) e tratadas com ácido sulfúrico por 0 e 7 minutos. Em laboratório, foram colocadas em papel-toalha e levadas para o germinador à temperatura de 25oC. Em casa de vegetação, as sementes tratadas com ácido sulfúrico por 0 e 7 minutos foram semeadas em leito de areia à profundidade de 2 cm. As avaliações foram as mesmas do primeiro experimento. A escarificação com ácido sulfúrico foi parcialmente eficiente para superar a dormência das sementes de S. reginae causada pela impermeabilidade do tegumento. A maior emergência foi obtida quando as sementes de S. reginae foram escarificadas com ácido sulfúrico por sete minutos. Maiores percentagens de germinação e vigor foram obtidos quando as sementes foram colocadas para germinar à temperatura de 25oC. As sementes devem ser obtidas, preferivelmente, de frutos colhidos nos estádios verde e seco- fechado, por apresentarem maior qualidade fisiológica. Alta percentagem de sementes duras indica que tempos superiores de imersão deverão ser testados. / The objective of the present work was to evaluate the physiological quality of Strelitzia reginae seeds, which were scarified with sulphuric acid and germinated under different temperatures, as well as to determine the stage of fruit maturation that give the best seed quality. Two experiments were conducted sulphuric acid, for 0, 3, 5, 7 and 9 minutes. In the laboratory, the seeds were wrapped up in paper towel and placed into a germinator at the temperatures of 25o C, 20o-30o C and 30o C. Germination and vigor were evaluated. For the germination test, at the 30th day, normal (germination) and abnormal plantlets, hard and dead seeds were evaluated. Vigor was evaluated by the first germination count, radicle length and speed of germination. Seeds were sowed in sand beds, 2 cm depth, in greenhouse, at room temperature. Percentage of emergence and average number of days for plantlets emergence were assessed. In the second experiment, seeds were harvested in three stages of fruit maturation (unripe, dried-closed and dried-opened) and treated with sulphuric acid for 0 and 7 minutes. In laboratory, they were wrapped up in paper tower and placed into the germinatior at 25o C. These seeds were then sowed in sand bed, 2 cm depth, in greenhouse. The evaluations carried out were the same as in the first experiment. The scarification with sulphuric acid was partially efficient to overcome the seed dormancy in Strelitzia reginae, that was caused by tegument impermeability. The greatest emergence rate was achieved when seeds of S. reginae were scarified with sulphuric acid for 7 minutes. Greater germination and vigor percentages were obtained when seeds were placed to germinate at 25o C. Seeds should preferably be obtained from fruits harvested at unripe and dried-closed stages, as they present better physiological quality. High percentage of hard seeds indicate the superior times of immersion need to be tested. / Não foi localizado o curriculo lattes do autor.

The distribution of electricity is a natural monopoly. The infrastructure of the electricity grid is divided into areas and the distribution system operator (DSO) has concession for the distribution of the defined area. The concession is governed by laws and regulation.The Swedish Energy Markets Inspectorate (Ei) is the national regulatory authority. The continuity of supply of electricity is a part of the regulation. The incentive is given by a revenue cap regulation which may result in a reward or penalty.The performance indicators are a measure of the continuity of supply and used in the calculation of the revenue cap regulation.The Master thesis aims to specify the possible consequences for the electricity distribution system operators and their customers utilizing the electricity grid in case of a change of the current methods used to measure the continuity of supply in Sweden.With the current methods, the Ei regulation for year 2016-2019, is the continuity of supply in the local electrical grid estimated from a view where each disruption is treated equal and therefore is SAIFI and SAIDI used. In the regional electrical grid is another method used to measure the continuity of supply, estimated from a view where the loss of supplied energy is considered, therefore uses PNS and ENS. In the documentation is the term ILE used for ENS and ILEffekt for PNS.The Master thesis is constructed to analyze new performance indicators for the local and regional distribution grid. The new performance indicator is the mathematically instrument to measure the continuity of supply and is supported by analytically advantages and disadvantages.The result shows the choice of performance indicators cause a great impact in the revenue cap regulation. AIT, AIF corresponds to ENS and PNS, respectively, divided by power. The three most important results are given by:1. Mathematical and theoretical results show that ENS, PNS are not good indicators individually or in combination with SAIDI, SAIFI and CEMI4 as power consumption within each customer group varies in the local electrical grid.In the regional electrical grid, power consumption may also vary between the norm period and the supervisory period, which means that ENS, PNS can sometimes be misleading.2. The inclusion of power disruption over 12 hours generate stronger incentives in the regulation. Because it requires long term planning to avoid interruptions exceeding 12 hours. The difference is shown mainly in local electrical grid with the indicators SAIDI, SAIFI and CEMI4 and gives a slight increase in rewards in the regulation. This affects the DSO’s and their customers with a marginal difference.3. In the short term, the introduction of AIT, AIF as quality indicators means that customers who consume more power within their customer group get higher-value interruptions. An interruption of a high-consumption customer would then be prioritized compared to a customer with a lower consumption. One way to counteract this is to use CEMI4, in order to capture these customers' interruptions in the regulation.In the long term, the regulation does not become cyclically sensitive, meaning that reasonable rewards or penalties are made. This should benefit a long-term planning of the electrical grid, as the DSO’s do not have to compensate for this. / Det elektriska distributionsnätet är ett naturligt monopol. Infrastrukturen av nätet är uppdelat i områden och där nätägaren har nätkoncession för området som omfattas. Koncessionen är styrd av lagar och reglering.Energimarknadsinspektionen (Ei) är en tillsynsmyndighet som arbetar med uppdrag från regeringen. En del av tillsyn för energimarknaden, är reglering av leveranssäkerhet i det elektriska distributionsnätet. Incitamentet i regleringen ges av intäktsramens begränsning vilket kan resultera i en ökning eller minskning av intäktsramen.Kvalitetsindikatorer är ett matematiskt verktyg för att mäta leveranssäkerhet och används i regleringen av intäktsramen.Examensarbetet syftar till att synliggöra de möjliga konsekvenserna för nätföretagen respektive deras kunder av olika förändringar av de mätmetoder som används för att uppskatta leveranssäkerhet.De mätmetoder som används styrs av indikatorer. Indikatorer som mäter antal avbrott per totalt antal kunder kallas SAIFI. Indikatorer som mäter tid för dessa avbrott per totalt antal kunder kallas SAIDI. En annan metod är att de ingående indikatorerna ska mäta icke levererad energi eller effekt och då kallas de ILE respektive ILEffekt.Energimarknadsinspektionen har inför reglerperioden år 2016-2019 tillämpat SAIDI och SAIFI för kunder kopplade till lokalnät och ILE och ILEffekt för kunder och gränspunkter inom regionnätetExamensarbetet är utformat för att analysera nya typer av kvalitetsindikatorer i lokalnät och regionnät. De nya kvalitetsindikatorerna är olika matematiska verktyg för att mäta leveranssäkerheten och motiveras med analytiska för- och nackdelar.Resultatet visar att valet av indikator har stor betydelse i intäktsramens reglering. AIT, AIF motsvarar ILE respektive ILEffekt dividerat med effekt. De tre viktigaste resultaten ges av:1. Matematiska och teoretiska resultat visar att ILE, ILEffekt är inte bra indikatorer enskilt eller i kombination med SAIDI, SAIFI och CEMI4 då effektförbrukningen inom varje kundgrupp varierar för lokalnät.I regionnät så kan effektförbrukningen också variera mellan normperiod och tillsynsperiod vilket ger att ILE, ILEffekt ibland kan bli missvisande.2. Avbrott över 12 timmar genererar ett starkare incitament i regleringen. Eftersom det kräver långsiktig planering för att undvika avbrott som överstiger 12 timmar. Skillnaden visas främst i lokalnät med indikatorerna SAIDI, SAIFI och CEMI4 och ger en svag höjning av tillägg i regleringen sett på en systemnivå. Det påverkar nätföretagen och deras kunder med en marginell skillnad.3. På kort sikt innebär införandet av AIT, AIF som kvalitetsindikatorer att de kunder som förbrukar mer inom sin kundgrupp får högre värderade avbrott. Ett avbrott hos en kund med hög förbrukning skulle då prioriteras före en kund med lägre förbrukning. Ett sätt att motverka detta är att använda CEMI4 för att fånga upp dessa kunders avbrott i regleringen.På lång sikt innebär det att regleringen inte blir konjunkturkänslig, vilket innebär att rimliga tillägg eller avdrag görs. Det borde gynna en långsiktig planering av elnätet då elnätsföretagen inte behöver kompensera för detta inom regionnäten och lokalnäten.

(EN) Presented PhD thesis was aimed at the utilization of desorption ionization mass spectrometric techniques to study different types of biological samples. An important part of this thesis was the construction of a universal platform for ambient ionization techniques (AIT) in mass spectrometry (MS) for the experiments performed in combination with desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) and desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization (DAPPI). Initially manual platform for AIT was during the development rebuild into a motorized platform operated by software via user interface of the mass spectrometer. Using the motorized platform it was possible to carry out a one- dimensional (1-D) and two dimensional (2-D) samples analysis with a defined step size of imaging. Platform designed for AIT in MS was tested in DESI-MS mode by model analyte Rhodamine B and by plant samples which were represented by Aconitum plicatum. The platform was also tested on biological samples of vernix caseosa using DAPPI-MS ion source. Model analyte rhodamine B was in DESI-MS technique used to study the basic desorption ionization processes occurring in the DESI during the sample analysis. In order to highlight the surface structures the colloidal solution of ferrite nanoparticles was added into the sprayed liquid. For...

Digital transformation is a challenging undertaking for most businesses. It disrupts prior organizational processes and structures and affects the way leadership is manifested. Leadership literature has historically focused a great deal on the leader’s perspective, even so in discussions concerning digital transformation. Scholars agree that followers are an essential part to leadership, yet their perspective is often overlooked in the discussion. This study focuses on the follower experience in digital transformation. Based on a review of extant literature, I structure a theoretical framework comprising several concepts such as; AIT, context, leadership style, digital mindset and digital fluency. I have collected data through semi-structured group-interviews and have adopted a narrative analysis to interpret the data collected from 21 respondents, from three different sectors, that have experienced digital transformation as followers. The insights from the study deepen our understanding of the follower’s perspective of digital transformation and highlight three areas of import for a successful digital transformation; trust, stress and work-life balance. I conclude the study by outlining directions for future research. / Digital transformation är en utmaning för de flesta företag. Det är disruptivt och utmanar tidigare organisatoriska processer och strukturer och påverkar hur ledarskap manifesteras. Ledarskapslitteraturen har historiskt fokuserat på ledarperspektivet, även så i diskussioner om digital transformation. Forskare är överens om att följare är en viktig del av ledarskap, men deras perspektiv förbises ofta i diskussionen. Denna studie fokuserar på följarupplevelsen i digital transformation. Baserat på en genomgång av befintlig litteratur, strukturerar jag ett teoretiskt ramverk som omfattar flera begrepp så som; AIT, kontext, ledarstil, digitalt mindset och digitalt flyt. Jag har samlat in data genom semistrukturerade gruppintervjuer och har antagit en narrativ analys för att tolka data som samlats in från 21 respondenter, från tre olika sektorer, som har upplevt digital transformation som följare. Insikterna från studien fördjupar vår förståelse av följarens perspektiv på digital transformation och lyfter fram tre viktiga områden för en framgångsrik digital transformation; tillit, stress och balans mellan arbete och privatliv. Jag avslutar studien med att föreslå riktningar för framtida forskning

Submitted by Caroline Falcao (caroline.rfalcao@ufpe.br) on 2017-05-22T17:27:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese_BeatrizLavoranteFinal_BC.pdf: 2045652 bytes, checksum: 19f106b93f6d316fc93419a636ca837a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-22T17:27:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese_BeatrizLavoranteFinal_BC.pdf: 2045652 bytes, checksum: 19f106b93f6d316fc93419a636ca837a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / O Complexo Industrial Portuário-SUAPE, localizado no complexo estuarino de Suape (Pernambuco, Brasil), conta com grandes empresas das mais diversas atividades produtivas. A região possui grande importância ecológica e econômica e estudos relatam a ocorrência de modificações fisiográficas, hidrológicas e ecológicas desde a implantação de SUAPE. Segundo estudos ecotoxicológicos realizados, a área apresenta contaminação moderada e variável. Contudo, ainda não foi possível indicar quais substâncias poderiam estar relacionadas com a toxicidade das amostras ambientais. Neste sentido, o teste de Avaliação e Identificação da Toxicidade – AIT surge como uma importante ferramenta, pois permite a identificação de contaminantes potencialmente causadores da toxicidade. O emprego de um ensaio ecotoxicológico rápido com um organismo-teste sensível antes e após as manipulações de AIT é necessário para este tipo de análise. Os náuplios de copépodos, dentre estes o da espécie Tisbe biminiensis, têm sido indicados para avaliação de amostras de água marinha devido a maior sensibilidade dos estágios larvais, porém o teste normalmente é realizado em microplacas o que o torna bastante laborioso. Este trabalho teve como objetivos aprimorar um protocolo para realização de bioensaios com náuplios de T. biminiensis e avaliar sua sensibilidade usando uma substância de referência, no caso o sulfato de zinco. Posteriormente, o teste foi empregado na avaliação da toxicidade de amostras de água superficial coletadas em diferentes pontos de Suape entre os anos de 2011 e 2013. Visando aumentar a sensibilidade do método, além dos parâmetros de mortalidade, desenvolvimento e inibição, também foram avaliados tamanho e estágio de desenvolvimento dos copepoditos. Para AIT foram estudadas amostras de água superficial coletadas em Abril e Setembro de 2013, sendo realizadas análises químicas de metais, amônia, hidrocarbonetos e agrotóxicos neste último mês. O tempo de duração do teste foi definido em 72 horas. Os testes de alimentação utilizando as microalgas Chaetoceros gracilis e Thalassiosira fluviatilis com e sem adição de ração para peixe demonstraram o pior desempenho de T. fluviatilis sem adição de ração como alimento. Foi verificado que o desenvolvimento nas concentrações de C. gracilis superiores a 2,5 x 105 células mL-1 foram estatisticamente maiores do que controle (água do mar sem adição de alimento) quando na temperatura de 28°C após 72 h. Entretanto a 25°C após 72 horas, apenas a partir da concentração de 5,5 x 105 células mL-1 de C. gracilis, o desenvolvimento dos náuplios para copepoditos foi superior ao controle, indicando que a temperatura de 28°C promove maior desenvolvimento. Logo, foram definidas as seguintes condições para o teste: concentração de C. gracilis de 2,5 x 105 células mL-1 , temperatura de 28°C e um tempo de 72 h. Após os sete testes de sensibilidade foram estimadas as CE50/72h, CL50/72h e a CENO em 3,25 ± 0.59; 3,46 ± 0.72 e 2,0 mg L- 1 para o ZnSO4.7H2O, indicando que os náuplios de T. biminiensis são tão sensíveis quanto outros copépodos frequentemente empregados em estudos ecotoxicológicos. Avaliando-se amostras de água superficial coletadas na região de Suape verificou-se a presença de toxicidade sub-letal para os náuplios de T. biminiensis, mais associada ao mês de Setembro, início do período seco. Dentre os parâmetros avaliados, a inibição foi o que mais indicou toxicidade, seguido pelo desenvolvimento. Apesar da obtenção das medidas dos comprimentos total e da cabeça (geral e por estágio de copepoditos) e da frequência de estágios reduzirem a praticidade do método, em um dos pontos de coleta elas aumentaram a detecção de efeitos tóxicos. O estudo de AIT indicou que os compostos orgânicos, os metais e a amônia seriam os principais agentes causadores da toxicidade das águas de Suape, sendo os resultados da caracterização da fase I do AIT considerados bastante complexos. Nas análises químicas, os Hidrocarbonetos Aromáticos de Petróleo Dissolvidos ou Dispersos estavam em níveis subletais, os agrotóxicos não foram detectados e houve diminuição das concentrações de Fe após a macroalga Ulva sp. A adição de novos parâmetros no teste com náuplios T. biminiensis foi importante para confirmação dos resultados obtidos. A variedade de agentes tóxicos indicados pode ser atribuída à diversidade de atividades realizadas na área, às diferentes influências sofridas pelos pontos estudados e ao regime de chuvas, marés e correntes, indicando a necessidade de monitoramento e avaliação constantes das condições ambientais da região. / The Suape estuarine complex (Pernambuco, Brazil) is located close to the industrial port complex-SUAPE which includes major companies from various productive activities. The region has great ecological and economic importance, and studies have reported the occurrence of physiographic, hydrological and ecological changes since the implementation of SUAPE. According ecotoxicological studies, the area has moderate and variable contamination. However, has not yet been possible to indicate which substances could be related to the toxicity of environmental samples. In this sense, the test for Toxicity Identification and Evaluation - TIE emerges as an important tool because it allows the identification of possible toxic agents. The use of a fast ecotoxicological test with a sensitive test organism before and after the manipulations of TIE is required for this type of analysis. The copepod nauplii, among these the species Tisbe biminiensis, have been indicated for evaluation of samples of estuarine and sea water due to increased sensitivity of the larval stages, but the test is usually performed in microplates which makes it very laborious. This study aimed to improve a protocol for conducting bioassays with nauplii of T. biminiensis and evaluate their sensitivity to zinc sulphate, a reference substance. Subsequently, the test was used to evaluate the toxicity of surface water samples collected at different points of Suape between the years 2011 and 2013. Aiming to increase the sensitivity of the method, beyond the parameters of mortality, development and inhibition, size and stage of development of copepodites were also evaluated. For AIT were studied samples collected in April and September 2013, chemical analysis of metals, ammonia, hydrocarbons and pesticides were performed in the last month. The duration of the test was 72 h. The feeding test using microalgae Chaetoceros gracilis and Thalassiosira fluviatilis with and without addition of fish ration showed the worst performance of T. fluviatilis as food. It was observed that the development C. gracilis concentrations above 2.5 x 105 cells mL-1 were significantly higher than control (sea water without the addition of food) when the temperature of 28 °C after 72 h. However, at 25 °C after 72 h, only at concentrations of 5.5 x 105 cells mL-1 C. gracilis, the development nauplii to copepodites were higher than the control, indicating that the temperature of 28 °C promotes further development. Then, the following conditions were established for the protocol: C. gracilis at 2.5 x 105 cells mL-1 as food, incubation at 28 °C and 72h duration. After the seven sensitivity tests were estimated CE50/72h, CL50/72h and NOEC of 3.25 ± 0:59; 3.46 ± 0.72 and 2.0 mg L -1 for ZnSO4.7H2O, indicating that the nauplii of T. biminiensis are as sensitive as other copepods employed in ecotoxicological studies. Was detected sub-lethal toxicity of surface water samples for the nauplii of T. biminiensis, more associated to September, early dry season. Among the parameters evaluated, inhibition was the most indicated toxicity, followed by the development. Despite obtaining measurements of the total length and head (general and by stage of copepodites) and the frequency of stages reduce the practicality of the method, one of the points, they increased the detection of toxic effects. The TIE study indicated that mainly organic compounds, metals and ammonia would be the toxicity agents of Suape waters, this characterization is considered complex. In chemical analysis, the HAPDDs were at sublethal levels, the pesticides were not detected and concentrations of Fe decreased after Ulva sp. The addition of new parameters in the test Nauplii T. biminiensis was important to confirm the results obtained. The variety of toxic agents can be attributed to the diversity of activities in the area, the different influences suffered by points studied and rainfall, tides and currents, indicating the need for constant monitoring and evaluation of environmental conditions in the region.