Notre recherche est une approche clinique projective qualitative de la structure de personnalité des auteurs d’agressions sexuelles de mineurs appartenant au champ des états-limites. Nous avons comparé deux groupes, l’un d’individus structurés sur le mode de la perversion, l’autre de sujets ayant des traits pervers en fonction d’éléments, communs ou divergents, relatifs à leur personnalité, issus de notre revue de la littérature. Nous avons, au préalable, défini 6 critères, devant être cumulés pour conclure au diagnostic de perversion sexuelle, puis nous avons vérifié que les individus structurés sur le mode de la perversion se situent en deçà de ceux ayant des traits pervers pour la majorité des caractéristiques retenues (en particulier la fragilité narcissique et la problématique oedipienne). Nous avons, de fait, défendu l’idée de l’existence d’un continuum allant de la perversité (au sens de Balier), proche de la psychose (à laquelle, selon nous, certains points, présentés comme communs aux auteurs d’agressions sexuelles, semblent au contraire se référer spécifiquement), en passant par la perversion sexuelle jusqu’aux sujets ayant des traits pervers, les moins éloignés de la lignée névrotique. Il ressort ainsi de notre étude que la grande variabilité structurelle de ces individus, classiquement mise en avant, pourrait être relativisée grâce à une démarche différentielle. Nous avons aussi construit un outil utile au diagnostic, fondé sur l’analyse de l’emprise dans la relation transféro-contre-transférentielle, vis-à-vis de laquelle il favorise une distanciation. Enfin, nous avons proposé quelques pistes de prises en charge différenciées en fonction du diagnostic. / Our study is a projective and qualitative clinical approach of the personality structure of sexual aggressions perpetrators on young people under 15 belonging to the borderline field. We have compared two groups: one with individuals who are structured on the perverted mode and the other with individuals who have perverted traits; this comparison has been established according to elements, common and different, related to their personalities and that have been mentioned in our literature. Beforehand, we have defined six criteria that have to be jointly found in individuals in order to diagnose sexual perversion; then, as far as these selected criteria were concerned (and more specifically narcissistic fragility and oedipal problematic) we made sure that the individuals structured on the perversion mode were standing below the individuals with perverted traits. In fact, we maintain that there is a continuum going from perversity (as Balier has defined it), which is close to psychosis, (some aspects of psychosis have been thought to be common to sexual aggressions perpetrators whereas we do think that they are specific) going from sexual perversity to individuals with perverted traits, close to the neurotic tradition. Our study underline that these individuals' great structural variability, which is usually brought up, could be put into perspective thanks to a differential process. We have also created a tool that can help make a diagnosis and that is based on a transference counter-transference dynamics and facilitate distanciation. Finally we have suggested some differentiated treatments according to diagnoses.

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Thesis advisor: Ana M. Martínez-Alemán / College students today are the most connected and social media savvy generation in the history of higher education (Junco & Cole-Avent, 2008) and maintain constant connections to online platforms such as Facebook and Twitter (Clem & Junco, 2015). Social media are now understood as a central component of campus and student life across colleges and universities (Martínez-Alemán & Wartman, 2009). Coinciding with the proliferation of social media use has been a rise in racialized hostilities on online settings. These offenses often target racially minoritized students, and scholars have become increasingly interested in understanding the ways this antagonism on social media impacts college student experiences (Tynes, Rose, & Markoe, 2013), including Asian Americans (Museus & Truong, 2013).         This dissertation uses a critical race theory framework to examine the racialized environment on social media, how Asian American college students experience racialized aggressions, and how their sense of belonging is impacted by racially hostile online encounters. This dissertation addresses the following question: How do encounters with racialized aggressions on social media impact Asian American students’ sense of belonging at a PWI? 29 participants from a predominantly white institution, East Oak University, engaged in individual interviews, participant observations, artifact collection, and focus groups as part of this study. The findings of this study suggest that the encounter of racialized aggressions on social media, especially those on the anonymous platform Yik Yak, are detrimental in facilitating positive sense of belonging among Asian Americans at East Oak. These online racialized encounters are asserted to be rooted in the endemic nature of racism at East Oak, and the claiming of social media as a property that enabled Whites to define and dictate campus culture by engaging in racist discourse. The nature of these online communications speaks to the ways that social media is suggested to influence both sense of belonging and institutional racial climates on today’s college campuses. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2017. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Leadership and Higher Education.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:40:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCMBM.pdf: 1463515 bytes, checksum: a05cbd66a1873e4b8245b231a7f865cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-22 / This study analyses 10 to 12 year-old children, 4th grade students, teenagers between 13 and 15 and students belonging to the 7th grade fundamental teaching experiences related to the aggression and violence in school environment and their perceptions about these experiences. The research was conducted during the school period of 2004 in a fundamental teaching unit located in São José do Rio Preto - SP, aiming to investigate if the aggression among students may cause the will of not going to school, as well as if the aggressions which are responsible for lacking of discipline interfere on the teaching-learning process development. In the first chapter of this work we have written about the contemporary view related to the agressions in school. European and some Latin-American authors have given support as a theoretical referential in this chapter. After that, we have sent the Brazilian production, which has as a theoretical reference master and doctor ship thesis. On the second chapter we have written about the researchs, the work, methods, the context, the partakers, the place where the field research was conducted, the used instruments for collecting and analyzing data. In the third chapter, we have mentioned the research results. At last, on the fourth chapter, we have gathered the arguing and final considerations. The mentioned experience s analysis conducted by the research individuals have indicated that the aggression acts and violence in school environment have points in common and points that are different when dealing with children and teenagers which can be linked, among other, to the characterists belonging to the different stage. It s been observed in this study that there s a major involvement in physical aggressions from students who come from 4th grades and a major participation of students from 7th grades relating to psychological aggressions. The classroom is considered as a place where the aggression acts are most common among students. It has been observed in analyzing the teachers and staff points of view concerning to the school violence that teachers consider the familiar context the most responsible element in the aggressive behavior of the students; on the other side, the two employees notices aggressions taken on the courtyard by vain reasons and jokes badly conducted. / Este estudo analisa experiências de crianças de 10 a 12 anos de idade, alunos de 4ª série e de adolescentes de 13 a 15 anos, alunos de 7ª série do ensino fundamental com as agressões e violência no ambiente escolar e respectivas percepções. A pesquisa foi realizada durante o ano letivo de 2004, numa escola de ensino fundamental, localizada na cidade de São José do Rio Preto SP, a fim de investigar se a agressão entre escolares faz o aluno não gostar de ir à escola, bem como se as agressões que geram indisciplina interferem no desenvolvimento do processo ensino aprendizagem. No primeiro capítulo do trabalho foi abordado as visões contemporâneas acerca das agressões relacionadas à escola. Autores europeus e de alguns países da América Latina constituíram o referencial teórico. Em seguida, foi analisada a produção brasileira presente em teses de doutorado e dissertações de mestrado. No segundo capítulo tratou-se da pesquisa, do método do trabalho, da contextualização, dos sujeitos, do local onde foi realizada a pesquisa de campo, dos instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados e da análise desses dados. No terceiro capítulo foi tratado dos resultados da pesquisa. E, no quarto capítulo, das discussões e considerações finais. As análises dos relatos indicaram que os atos de agressões e violência no ambiente escolar têm semelhanças e diferenças quando se trata de crianças e adolescentes, as quais podem ser relacionadas, entre outras, às características dos respectivos estágios de desenvolvimento. Foi observado, neste estudo, que há um envolvimento maior em agressões físicas de alunos das 4ª séries e uma maior participação de alunos das 7ªs séries quando se trata de agressões psicológicas. A sala de aula é considerada como o local onde mais ocorrem atos de agressão entre escolares. Ao analisar o ponto de vista de professores e funcionários a respeito da violência escolar, foi constatado que os professores consideram o contexto familiar o maior responsável pelo comportamento agressivo de alunos; já os dois funcionários percebem agressões no pátio por motivos fúteis e motivadas por brincadeiras consideradas de mau gosto.

Arbetslivet kan vara en plats där man får utveckla sin kompetens, möta och samspela med människor. Dock är inte allt frid och fröjd för alla i arbetslivet, det finns lagar som ska följas för att upprätthålla en god arbetsmiljö som inte alltid efterlevs. I ett land som Sverige finns det också en stor mångfald i arbetslivet med olika bakgrunder. När man är del av den mångfalden kan man också bli den som sticker ut då man inte tillhör majoriteten. Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att undersöka rasifierade kvinnors erfarenheter av diskriminering och mikroaggressioner på arbetsplatsen, samt vilka olika strategier kvinnorna utvecklar för att hantera mikroaggressioner. Med ett socialpsykologiskt betraktelsesätt studeras detta med hjälp av teorier om postkolonialism och social identitet. Utöver teorierna inkluderas även begrepp såsom intersektionalitet, coping och mikroaggressioner. Tio semistrukturerade intervjuer med rasifierade kvinnor i åldrarna 20 till 40 år som har erfarenhet av vårt valda fenomen genomfördes. Resultaten visar att de flesta svarande beskrev att etnisk diskriminering förekom "under ytan". Det förekom synliga mikroaggressioner riktade mot deras etniska bakgrund som skämtkommentarer med rasistiska undertoner. De upplevde även en kombination av båda aspekterna, men det har varit avgörande beroende på sammanhanget. Copingstrategier, emotionella och konfronterande, var ett alternativ som våra respondenter använde när det kom till att hantera svåra situationer på jobbet. Resultatet indikerade också att de intersektionella positionerna kön och etnicitet haft en betydande roll för hur kvinnorna har blivit behandlade. / Worklife can be a place where you can develop your skills, meet and interact with people. However, not everything is peace and joy for everyone in the worklife, there are laws that must be followed to maintain a good working environment that is not always complied with. In a country like Sweden, there is also a great diversity in working life with different backgrounds. When you are part of that diversity, you can also be the one who stands out as you do not belong to the majority. The purpose of this qualitative study is to examine racialized women's experiences of discrimination and microaggression in the workplace, as well as the different strategies women develop to deal with microaggression. With a social psychological approach, this is studied with the help of theories of postcolonialism and social identity. In addition to the theories, concepts such as intersectionality, coping and micro-aggressions are also included. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with racialized women aged 20 to 40 who have experience of our chosen phenomenon. The results show that most respondents described that ethnic discrimination existed "below the surface". There were visible micro-aggressions directed at their ethnic background as joke comments with racist undertones. They also experienced a combination of both aspects, but it has been crucial depending on the context. Coping strategies, emotional and confrontational, were an option that our respondents used when it came to dealing with difficult situations at work. The results also indicated that the intersectional positions of gender and ethnicity played a significant role in how women were treated.

Consuming pornography is common among Swedish men. The content is often problematized in the public debate because of the common reflection of it containing violence against women as well as depicting women as the subordinate gender. By conducting a quantitative content analysis, the study intended to examine the extent of degradation as well as depictions of physical and verbal aggression in mainstream pornography. An attempt was also conducted to assess whether pornography can be claimed to counteract a functioning consent culture by examining the extent of orchestrated consent expressed by the participating women. Out of 200 videos that were analyzed, degrading behavior and verbal and physical aggressions occurred in 114 (57%) videos. In total, 746 individual cases of aggressions and degradation were observed. Men were mostly the perpetrator committing 96.7% of the actions, whereas the victims were solely female. Consent was observed in 85.5% of the videos and was expressed mostly through a positive or neutral behavior by the woman. / Att ta del av pornografi är mycket vanligt bland svenska män. Innehållet problematiseras ofta i den offentliga debatten genom att det anförs innehålla våld mot kvinnor samt bidra till att reproducera föreställningar om kvinnors underordning. Med kvantitativ innehållsanalys undersöks i vilken utsträckning förnedring samt fysiska och verbala aggressioner förekommer mot kvinnor i pornografiska videor av konventionell karaktär. Dessutom gjordes ett försök att bedöma huruvida pornografi kan sägas motverka en fungerande samtyckeskultur genom att undersöka i vilken utsträckning kvinnan uttryckte ett iscensatt samtycke i det pornografiska materialet. Av de 200 videor som analyserades förekom förnedring samt fysiska och verbala aggressioner i 114 (57%) av videorna. Sammanlagt observerades 746 fall av aggressioner och förnedring. Män var majoriteten av förövarna och begick 96.7% av handlingarna där de utsatta enbart var kvinnor. Samtycke observerades i 88.5% av videorna och då främst genom att kvinnan gett uttryck för ett positivt eller neutralt beteende.

Syftet med denna undersökning är att bidra med den teoretiska förståelsen av hur chefer inom offentliga organisationer hanterar digitala aggressioner. Studien använder en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi med en abduktiv ansats, där 10 chefer från olika offentliga organisationer har intervjuats för att besvara studiens syfte och frågeställning, vilket även utgör studiens empiriska material. Intervjupersonerna är verksamma inom olika branscher, inklusive skola, socialtjänst, vård och omsorg samt polis. I denna undersökning har vi strävat efter att undersöka vilka strategier cheferna använder för att hantera och eventuellt förebygga de digitala aggressioner de möter. Resultaten från studien visar att cheferna använder både proaktiva och reaktiva strategier vid hanteringen av digitala aggressioner. De proaktiva strategierna innefattar närvaro, relationsbyggande och tydliga gränser. Att vara en närvarande chef innebär antingen fysisk eller psykisk närvaro. Relationsbyggande innebär att cheferna arbetar med att skapa positiva arbets- och professionella relationer med sina medarbetare samt externa parter. Vidare innebär tydliga gränser att sätta och upprätthålla klara gränser mellan privatliv och arbetsliv. En reaktiv strategi som framhölls var det sociala stödet. Detta innebär att cheferna söker stöd från kollegor på samma hierarkiska nivå för att hantera digitala aggressioner och främja välbefinnande på arbetsplatsen. / The purpose of this study is to contribute to the theoretical understanding of how managers in public organizations handle digital aggressions. The study employs a qualitative research strategy with an abductive approach, where 10 managers from various public organizations have been interviewed to address the study's aim and research question, which also constitute the study's empirical material. The interviewees are active in various sectors including education, social services, healthcare, and police. In this study, our aim has been to explore the strategies managers use to manage and potentially prevent the digital aggressions they encounter. The results of the study indicate that managers employ both proactive and reactive strategies in dealing with digital aggressions. Proactive strategies include presence, relationship-building, and setting clear boundaries. Being a present manager involves either physical or psychological presence. Relationship-building entails managers fostering positive work and professional relationships with their employees as well as external contacts. Furthermore, setting clear boundaries involves establishing and maintaining distinct boundaries between personal and professional life. One reactive strategy highlighted was social support. This involves managers seeking support from colleagues at the same hierarchical level to manage digital aggressions and promote well-being in the workplace.

Objective: To verify the frequency of alcoholic ingestion in victims of external causes at the Hospital of Clinics from Uberlândia. Methods: Blood alcohol content was determined in 85 patients of emergency room (ER). A total of 301 in-patients were interviewed on alcoholic ingestion prior to incidents. All ER and in-patients were submitted to the CAGE questionnaire. Also, 50 alcoholic patients and 50 no alcoholics attended at ambulatory level were interviewed on trauma antecedents. Results: Blood alcohol content was positive in 31.8% ER patients (85.2% were men and 70.4% required internment; p<0.05) and it was more frequent (p<0.05) in physical aggression (57.2%) than fall (15.4%) victims, but not compared to traffic victims (29.3%). Among in-patients, 29.9% had positive history of alcoholic ingestion and physical aggressions (68.9%) were more frequent (p<0.01) than traffic accidents (27.4%) or falls (15.2%). Among ER patients with positive blood alcohol content and drinker in-patients, the occurrence of incidents was higher (p<0.05) in the weekend (62.9% and 57,8%, respectively) and the night period (59.2% and 63.4%, respectively), with positive CAGE in 81.5% ER patients and 82.3% in-patients. At ambulatory level, 93.1% alcoholic patients reported trauma antecedents related to alcoholic ingestion compared to 9.1% no alcoholics (p<0.01). Conclusions: A third of patient s ingested alcoholic drinks prior to incidents, and among them, the most were chronic alcoholics. Incidents were more frequent in the weekends and the night period, with lesions more severe. Among the ambulatory patients, the alcoholics were the most frequently injured. / Objetivos: Verificar a freqüência de ingestão alcoólica em vítimas de causas externas atendidos no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Métodos: Determinou-se alcoolemia em 85 pacientes no pronto socorro (PS) (TDx/TDxFLx-Etanol, Abbott) e entrevistou-se 301 internados sobre possível ingestão alcoólica previamente ao trauma; em ambos os locais aplicou-se o questionário CAGE. Nos ambulatórios, entrevistou-se cinquenta pacientes etilistas e cinquenta não etilistas sobre antecedentes de trauma. Resultados: A alcoolemia foi positiva em 31,8% dos pacientes no PS, destes 85,2% eram homens e 70,4% necessitaram internação (p<0,05). Proporcionalmente, alcoolemia positiva foi mais freqüente (p<0,05) entre as vítimas de agressão física (57,2%) do que as de queda (15,4%), mas não do que as de trânsito (29,3%). Nas enfermarias, 29,9% dos pacientes tinham história positiva de ingestão alcoólica, e nestes, a agressão física (68,9%) foi proporcionalmente mais freqüente (p<0,01) do que acidente de trânsito (27,4%) ou queda (15,2%). Entre os que tinham bebido, no PS e enfermarias, respectivamente, a ocorrência de incidentes foi maior (p<0,05) no final de semana (62,9 e 57,8%) e no período noturno (59,2% e 63,4%) e o CAGE foi positivo em 81,5% e 82,3%. Nos ambulatórios, 93,1% dos alcoolistas e 9,1% no grupo controle (p<0,01) relataram antecedentes de trauma relacionado à ingestão alcoólica. Conclusões: Um terço dos pacientes ingeriram bebidas alcoólicas previamente ao trauma e, entre eles, a maioria era etilista crônico, os incidentes foram mais freqüentes nos finais de semana, no período noturno e as lesões foram mais graves. Entre os pacientes dos ambulatórios, os etilistas se acidentaram mais freqüentemente. / Mestre em Ciências da Saúde

Ce mémoire a pour objectif d’étudier la relation entre la culture organisationnelle et la violence au travail. Plus spécifiquement, les résultats permettent de déterminer comment la perception des cultures organisationnelles de type groupal, développemental, hiérarchique et rationnel de l’approche des valeurs concurrentes de Cameron et Quinn (1999) s’associent aux conflits interpersonnels et au harcèlement physique et sexuel dans les organisations. Les données proviennent de l’Étude SALVEO, menée par l’Équipe de recherche sur le travail et la santé mentale de l’Université de Montréal. À notre connaissance, aucune étude n’a étudié les perceptions des cultures organisationnelles globales des entreprises. Les études antérieures se sont intéressées à certains traits spécifiques des cultures, telles que l’acceptation, la tolérance et la banalisation de la violence, sans considérer intégralement la culture organisationnelle. Il est possible d’utiliser le modèle de Cameron et Quinn (1999) avec l’échelle de Marchand, Haines et Dextras-Gauthier (2013) pour mesurer la perception que les travailleurs se font de leur culture organisationnelle pour pouvoir les associer avec les niveaux de conflits interpersonnels et de harcèlement physique et sexuel par la suite. Les analyses multiniveaux de cette recherche ont révélé que la culture groupale s’associe à des niveaux plus bas de conflits interpersonnels et la culture développementale à des niveaux plus élevés. Bien que les résultats ne soient pas significatifs pour tous les types de culture organisationnelle, les entreprises qui adoptent des caractéristiques de la culture groupale, telles que le soutien social, la participation des travailleurs et la justice organisationnelle, semblent mieux prévenir le phénomène de la violence au travail. D’autre part, l’intégration d’un grand nombre de variables contrôles a permis de déterminer que les facteurs individuels et organisationnels les plus associés à la violence sont : le fait d’être une femme, d’être jeune, d’être syndiqué, l’effort au travail et l’injustice organisationnelle. / This master’s thesis aims to study the relation between the organizational culture and workplace violence. More specifically, the results allow us to determine how the organizational culture of groupal, developmental, hierarchical and rational type of the competing values framework of Cameron and Quinn (1999) joins the interpersonal conflicts and physical or sexual harassment in organizations. The data results come from the SALVEO surveys led by the research team on work and mental health of University of Montreal (ERTSM). Most studies were interested in some specific features of culture, such as the acceptance and tolerance of violence without considering the organizational culture. It is possible to use the model of Cameron and Quinn (1999) with the Marchand, Haines and Dextras-Gauthier scale (2013) to calculate the perception that the workers have of their organizational culture to be able to measure them with the levels of interpersonal conflicts and physical or sexual harassment afterward. Multilevel analyses revealed that the perception of the groupal culture shows lower levels of interpersonal conflicts and the developmental culture, higher levels. Although the results are not significant for all types of organizational culture, companies which adopt the characteristics of the groupal culture, such as social support, workers participation and organizational justice, seem to better prevent the phenomenon of workplace violence. Moreover, the integration of a large number of control variables allows us to determine that the individual and organizational factors that are most associated with violence are : being a woman, being young, being a member of a union, having a work overload and the presence of organizational injustice.