[pt] Esta tese pretende indicar vínculos entre o pensamento político desenvolvido sob o influxo da filosofia da ilustração, a política colonial praticada pela Metrópole européia e os modelos literários do Arcadismo. O trânsito de idéias proporcionado pelo Iluminismo foi festejado por homens de letras brasileiros que começavam a estabelecer seu espaço político e cultural na Colônia: empregados em altos cargos da administração colonial, tais letrados conspiraram contra essa mesma administração. O espírito de autonomia, cunhado em ambiente metropolitano, apresentava descompassos em relação ao ambiente colonial americano. Os poetas da época, subordinados a fortes convencionalismos literários e políticos, dramatizaram esses descompassos: a literatura foi usual veículo do complexo pensamento político da época. / [en] The objective of this thesis is to point out the links between the political thought, developed under the influence of the Enlightenment philosophy, the colonial politics employed by the European metropolis and the literary patterns of Arcadism. The exchange of ideas brought about by the Enlightenment was welcomed by Brazilian scholars who started to acquire political and cultural status in the colony: those scholars who were high ranking officials in the colonial administration conspired against that same administration. The spirit of independence, which thrived in the metropolitan environment, was ahead of the situation in South America. The poets of that period, subordinated to political and literary conventions, dramatized this mismatch: literature became a common vehicle for the complex political thought of the time.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:13:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joao Roberto Resende Ferreira.pdf: 484554 bytes, checksum: 100446d07d8058e7d3e57b521f648d05 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-14 / FERREIRA, João Roberto Resende. Expansion of basic education and the relationship capital, labor and education on the 70 s in Brazil. 2011. 125 pages. Thesis (Graduate Education Program) Faculdade de Educação, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2011. This study is a bibliographical research which belongs to the research field of Education, Labor and Social Movements. It sets out to understand the expansion of basic education in Brazil in the context of its close relationship with capital, labor and education. The study tries to understand the logic underlying the action of capital, workers and State in relation to the school and the principles and values which inspired educational reform in the late twentieth century. It is based on the Gramscian theoretical framework in what refers to Americanism and Fordism, according to which all historical particularities require people to acquire specific formation and it is up to the different schools and intellectuals to exercise this formative function in a society of classes. In Brazil, the process of industrial expansion and unplanned urbanization generated urban contradictions and put access to education at center stage in popular struggles. / FERREIRA, João Roberto Resende. Expansão da escola básica e a relação capital, trabalho e educação no Brasil dos anos 1970. 2011. 125 páginas. Tese (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação) Faculdade de Educação, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, 2011. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica vinculada à Linha de Pesquisa Educação, Trabalho e Movimentos Sociais. Tem como objeto de estudo apreender a expansão da educação básica no Brasil em sua estreita relação com o capital, o trabalho e a educação. Busca-se entender a lógica que fundamenta as ações do capital, dos trabalhadores e do Estado relativas à escola e os princípios e valores que orientaram as reformas educacionais no final do século XX. Fundamenta-se no referencial teórico gramsciano referente ao americanismo e fordismo, segundo o qual toda particularidade histórica exige uma formação específica dos indivíduos, cabendo às diferentes escolas e aos diferentes intelectuais exercer essa função em uma sociedade de classes. A realização desta pesquisa permite afirmar que, no Brasil, o processo de expansão industrial e de urbanização desordenada gestou as contradições urbanas e, nas lutas populares, o acesso à escola ganhou centralidade.

Este trabalho procura analisar o processo de americanização republicana no Brasil, entre 1889 e 1912. Pretende-se assim, discutir as interpretações dos intelectuais brasileiros construídas em torno do tema do Pan-americanismo, assim como quais foram alguns dos argumentos que contribuíram para o estabelecimento de proximidades e de distanciamentos entre o Brasil e os Estados Unidos e entre o Brasil e os demais países latino-americanos nas primeiras décadas republicanas. Este procedimento possibilitou ainda, compreender as interpretações em torno dos temas raça e civilização, sendo analisadas através do debate intelectual do período no Brasil / This work is an attempt at analyzing the process of political alignment with America that took place in the first years of the Brazilian Republic between 1889 and 1912. Hence, it aims at investigating the interpretations built around the theme of Pan- Americanism by the Brazilian intellectuals of the time, providing a better understanding of the arguments that contributed to the justification of proximities and distances between Brazil and the United States, as well as among Brazil and the other Latin American countries in the first decades of the Republic. This procedure has also enabled a better insight into the then current interpretations encompassing the themes of race and civilization taking place in the intellectual debate of the period in Brazil.

O presente trabalho analisa as manifestações brasileiras nas Conferências Pan-Americanas, entre 1889 e 1928. Busca-se compreender os discursos identitários construídos pelos países representados nas Conferências, bem como quais foram os argumentos que definiram as proximidades e os distanciamentos entre o Brasil e os Estados Unidos e entre o Brasil e os demais países latino-americanos, especialmente os países do Cone Sul. Procura-se entender, ainda, os debates em torno da proposta de união aduaneira e as discussões sobre a questão da arbitragem. / The current work analyzes the Brazilian manifestations at the Pan-American Conferences, between the years of 1889 and 1928. The main goal is to understand the identitary adresses built by the countries that were represented at the Conferences, as well as to define what were the arguments that explained the proximities and distances between Brazil and United States, and Brazil and the other Latin-American countries. It is also a goal to understand the debates about the customs union, as well as the discussions on the arbitrament issues.

Trata do processo de construção de diálogos entre o Brasil e os Estados Unidos, tendo como focos a arquitetura, o urbanismo e a sociedade brasileira que vivia em cidades, entre 1876 e 1945, período compreendido entre o ano da viagem de Pedro II aos Estados Unidos da América e o final da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Analisa quatro grandes eixos pelos quais a sociedade urbana do Brasil foi alcançada pelo mundo norte-americano: política e relações diplomáticas dos profissionais do espaço; disseminação de saberes técnicos e científicos capazes de alterarem a arquitetura, o urbano e a domesticidade brasileira; vinculação das instituições de ensino superior do país com o universo acadêmico estadunidense, sobretudo com a University of Pennsylvania. Aborda, ainda, a prática arquitetônica dentro dos princípios do Mission Style. Analisa como o Brasil foi, ao longo de sete décadas, tecendo relações que permitiram a construção de discursos e representações sobre o pan-americanismo. Mostra a relevância de se enxergar a relação do Brasil com os Estados Unidos como um processo no qual se arquitetou a Boa Vizinhança, explicitada com maior ênfase nos anos da Segunda Guerra. / This thesis explains the making of a relationship between Brazil and the United States. The period of study begins in 1876 when Pedro de Alcantara, the Brazilian emperor, went to the United States to participate of the Centennial Exhibition held in Philadelphia. The final temporal mark of this study is the year of 1945, when the World War II was finished, and the presence of the goods, equipments and the way of life from the United States got the most relevant levels in the whole world. The thesiss object of research can be understood like a plural one: not only the architecture, but also the whole urban environment and the classes that lived in that space. Trying to develop a particular narrative about the process of Americanization of the architecture and the city in Brazil, the thesis shows four ways of this attitude. The first one is concentrate on considerations about politics and diplomatic relations concerning of a group of professionals (architects, engineers etc) called as spatial artisans. The second way treats the references and the representations of the United States that had changed the domesticity and the form of the Brazilian way of life. In addition of these two, the work shows the discovers made in the United States about the Brazilians alumni from University of Pennsylvania that had came back to Brazil to increase the Americanizations process by the architecture. With a special focus about the pan Americanism the thesis studies the reception and dissemination of the Mission Style architecture in Brazil. The importance of this discussion is great and unfolds a process called as constructing the Good Neighborhood.

This dissertation analyses the extent to which dominant political ideologies generate meanings in television news texts. The working process of the television news system and the manner in which television news constructs news programmes are discussed. In light of the televisual mode of news production, the author demonstrates how ideologically inspired meanings can systematically enter the television news system and thus potentially manipulate the production of television news broadcasts, though making a semiotic analysis of the CNN representations of September 11. This study is situated within the field of visual culture studies, and semiotic theory is employed to a great extent throughout. The author discusses the influence of dominant political ideologies on the television news production process, and how this contributes to the restriction of the polysemy of the television news sign. Television news representations may be mediated and manipulated in such a way to encourage viewers to produce readings that are favourable towards a certain dominant political ideology. The many mechanisms that television news utilises to create meaning are discussed. The mechanisms that are identified by the author as being the most effective in the production of ideologically inspired meanings are paid particular attention. These semiotic mechanisms include the manipulation of iconic signs, the construction of arbitrary signs and the representation of myths. The CNN representations of the September 11 events are analysed for their ideological content, and the author contends that these televisual representations were deliberately constructed to inspire readings that would be favourable to the ideology of Americanism. Therefore, Americanism, as an example of a dominant political ideology, is discussed. The visual mechanisms employed by CNN after September 11 are analysed. These include the editing of visually recorded footage, the treatment of the newsreader and the incorporation of the image of the American flag. The author offers a reading of the ideological motivation of these texts. The media myths that are constructed to naturalise Americanism, such as the myth of the hero and the myth of the tower, are discussed with regard to the manner in which they were represented by CNN after September 11. The iconic representations of key political figures involved with the September 11 events are also discussed and their ideological meanings uncovered. The CNN television news broadcasts functioned both to inform an international audience of the terrorist attacks and reinforce an ideology in crisis: namely, Americanism. CNN repeatedly employed many visual mechanisms to encourage viewers to produce readings that were favourable to Americanism. While Americanism entered a period of crisis, it mobilised its Ideological State Apparatuses, including television news, to reinforce and justify its position of power in order to maintain its own dominance after a deliberate blow. This study suggests that the CNN representations of September 11 are an accurate indication of how dominant political ideologies can effect the construction of television news texts. Where television news broadcasters reach large audiences while being ideologically aligned, and viewers are deliberately encouraged to produce certain ideologically inspired readings, television news becomes a medium through which widespread ideological domination can be achieved. / Dissertation (MA (Visual Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Visual Arts / unrestricted

The purpose of this thesis is to examine and discuss the efforts and arrangements made by the United States to promote cultural understanding in the American hemisphere.

A pesquisa a ser apresentada tem como objetivo indicar a existência de uma relação entre o uso do conceito de patrimonialismo por parte de Raymundo Faoro e Simon Schwartzman em suas principais obras, respectivamente Os donos do poder e Bases do autoritarismo brasileiro, além de também destacar a presença de uma utopia política liberal no pensamento dos dois autores. Neste sentido, haveria uma relação entre a dimensão explicativa de suas análises sobre a evolução histórica e política do país, acentuando o caráter centralizador e negativo do Estado brasileiro neste processo, e a defesa de uma saída política aos problemas. Vale observar que a escassa bibliografia que analisa os pensamentos desses autores costuma destacar confluências de suas análises, o que certamente tem pertinência. Contudo, e este é outro objetivo dessa pesquisa, é possível assinalar diferenças significativas entre tais abordagens que, inclusive, refletem na relação entre análise histórica e proposta política dos autores. / This dissertation aims to indicate that there is a connection between the use of the concept of patrimonialism by Raymundo Faoro and Simon Schwartzman in their major works, respectively Os donos do poder and Bases do autoritarismo brasileiro, besides the presence of a \"political liberal utopia in both authors. Furthermore, it is pointed out that there is a relationship between the explanatory dimension of their analysis of Brazilian historical and political development, stressing the centralizing and negative character of the State, and a political solution presented to the problems discussed. It is worth noting that the scarce literature that examines these authors often highlights confluences of their analysis, which certainly exist. However, and this is another objective of the dissertation, it is possible to indicate significant differences between such approaches that even reflect the relationship between their historical analysis and their political proposals.

This thesis identifies a claimant narrative tradition in nineteenth-century American literature and examines the role of that tradition in the formation of American national identity. Drawing on Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The American Claimant Manuscripts and Our Old Home (1863) as well as Mark Twain’s The American Claimant (1892), I argue that these writers confronted the paradoxical nature of claimant narratives—what Hawthorne called a “peculiar insanity”—which combined a hereditary sympathy between the United States and Britain with exceptionalist rhetoric about American republican values. Hawthorne’s ambivalence toward the claimant tradition identified the paradox, but his writing merely pointed out inconsistencies, while Twain censured with satire and direct social criticism. America’s British sympathies persisted in later decades, and remained a popular subject of fiction throughout the century, making it ripe for parody by the time Twain wrote his own claimant story. Claimant narratives reinforced class differences in the United States even as they appeared to reject them. The transnational framework of Twain’s novel affords a pointed critical view revealing the latent cruelty of democracy when coupled with attitudes of exceptionalism.

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