As discussões relacionadas às temáticas ambientais vêm tomando amplo espaço na sociedade nos últimos anos. No Brasil, um dos grandes reflexos que pôde ser observado foi à discussão em torno do Código Florestal (Lei Federal 12.651, de 25 de maio de 2012). Nesta discussão, um dos pontos mais polêmicos foram às novas definições em relação às Áreas de Preservação Permanente às margens dos cursos hídricos que, da mesma forma que ocorria na Lei Federal 4.771, de 15 de setembro de 1965, estão associadas a parâmetros métricos, que tomam por ponto de partida a largura dos cursos hídricos. No congresso nacional, duas forças bem demarcadas travaram uma longa batalha: o grupo dos ambientalistas, buscando resguardar condições mínimas de preservação e conservação ambiental e, o grupo dos ruralistas, que tomou por bandeira a produção de alimentos (e a sua falta) caso não se ocupasse a totalidade das áreas das propriedades rurais. Neste sentido, o objetivo geral da presente tese foi o de estruturar uma metodologia que considerasse os elementos da paisagem e do zoneamento ambiental como ferramentas para a definição dos parâmetros a serem adotados para a delimitação das Áreas de Preservação Permanente relacionadas ao entorno dos cursos hídricos, em distintas áreas da bacia hidrográfica do arroio Taquari-Miracatu, no sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul, servindo como base para a estruturação de políticas públicas, normas técnicas e diretrizes de aplicação, que visem atender a diversidade socioeconômica e ambiental do território brasileiro. Para alcançar tal objetivo, buscou-se suporte teórico e metodológico nos conceitos de zoneamento ambiental e paisagem. A tese foi estruturada em níveis taxonômicos de análise, partindo da região hidrográfica do rio Uruguai, passando pelas bacias hidrográficas do rio Ibicuí e do arroio Taquari-Miracatu, até chegar às cinco áreas amostrais definidas como laboratório para a aplicação da metodologia em proposição. Como resultado desta análise e aplicação, foi possível verificar que os parâmetros legais hoje existentes, que se aplicam sobre as áreas amostrais, apresentam uma variação métrica de 30 a 50 metros a partir de cada margem do curso hídrico, o que não garante a função que as áreas ciliares devem exercer. Os resultados apresentados pela tese demonstram que, considerando parâmetros como solos, planícies fluviais e aluviais, usos do solo entre outros, esta distância pode chegar a mais de 1000 metros contados da margem do curso hídrico. O uso das geotecnologias foi um importante ferramental para a elaboração tanto do zoneamento ambiental como da própria definição das APPs. Como possibilidades futuras, cabem a busca por um procedimento metodológico que possa atender as demandas estaduais e nacionais bem como a integração de dados socioeconômicos com o intuito de qualificar o zoneamento a ser elaborado. / The discussions related to the environmental issues are taking ample space in society in recent years. In Brazil, one of the great reflexes that could be observed was the discussion on the Forest Code (Federal Law 12,651, of May 25, 2012). In this discussion, one of the most controversial points were the new definitions in relation to permanent preservation areas along the water courses, just as occurred in Federal Law 4771, of September 15, 1965, are associated with metric parameters, which It takes as its starting point the width of the rivers. At the national congress, two well demarcated forces fought a long battle: the group of environmentalists, seeking to safeguard the minimum conditions of environmental preservation and conservation, and the group of large farmers, who took the flag food production (and its lack) if not to occupy all the areas of rural properties. So, the general aim of this thesis was to design a methodology to consider the elements of landscape and environmental zoning as a tool for defining the parameters to be adopted for the delimitation of permanent preservation areas related to the environment of water courses, in different areas of the watershed of the Taquari-Miracatu basin in southwestern Rio Grande do Sul, serving as a basis for structuring public policies, technical standards and application guidelines, which aim to meet the socioeconomic and environmental diversity of Brazil. To achieve this goal, it sought theoretical and methodological support the concepts of environmental zoning and landscape. and methodological support the concepts of environmental zoning and landscape. The thesis was structured in taxonomic levels of analysis, started on the Uruguay River hidrological region, through the watershed of the river Ibicuí and Taquari-Miracatu, until you reach at the five sampling areas defined as a laboratory for the application of the methodology being proposed. As a result of this analysis and application, we found that today's existing legal parameters, which are applied to the sample areas, have a measuring range of 30 to 50 meters from each edge of the water course, which does not guarantee the function of the riparian areas. The results presented by the thesis show that, considering parameters such as soil, floodplains, land use and others, this distance can reach over 1000 meters counted from the edge of the water course. The use of geotechnology was an important tools for the development of both environmental zoning as the very definition of the APPs. As future research possibilities, fit the search for a methodological procedure that can meet local and national demands and the integration of socio-economic data in order to qualify the zoning to be prepared.

Recuperar as Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs) das bacias hidrográficas constitui-se numa necessidade urgente para que a água não venha a tornar-se mais escassa nos próximos anos. Este trabalho buscou, por meio de métodos, estimar o montante de investimento necessário para o repovoamento florestal das áreas de preservação permanente (APPs) da bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão Itaim, no município de Taubaté, SP. Foram utilizadas técnicas de geoprocessamento para a estimativa das APPs da bacia em atendimento ao Código Florestal (Lei 4771/65 e suas alterações). No plano cartográfico, este trabalho teve como base de dados o projeto Una, que por meio de técnicas de geoprocessamento, no programa SPRING, possibilitou o recorte dos mapas de APPs e de Uso e Ocupação do Solo da bacia do Itaim, cujo cruzamento gerou o mapa de áreas a serem reflorestadas na bacia. A quantificação dos custos de reposição florestal foi baseada em valores provenientes de projetos públicos e privados. Os resultados demonstram a necessidade de um investimento anual da ordem de R$ 846.637,80 (oitocentos e quarenta e seis mil seiscentos e trinta e sete reais e oitenta centavos) para o reflorestamento em um prazo de 30 anos. Concluiu-se que o custo para a reposição florestal da bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão Itaim é de aproximadamente R$ 25,6 milhões e que o uso de técnicas de geoprocessamento permite uma estimativa bastante realista das áreas de preservação permanentes a serem reflorestadas, na bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão Itaim, a qual foi estimada em 1947 ha. / Recover Permanent Preservation Areas (APP) of hydrographic basin is an urgent need to ensure that water will not become more scarce in the coming years. This study aimed to estimate the amount of investment needed for the forestation areas of permanent preservation (APP) in the hydrographic basin of ribeirão Itaim in the city of Taubaté, Brazil. Geoprocessing techniques were used to estimate the APPs for the basin, in response to the Forestry Code (Law 4771; 65 and its amendments). On the map, this work was based on data from the project Una, which, through techniques of geoprocessing in the program SPRING, allowed the statements clipping of APP and Use of Soil and occupation on the Itaim basin, whose cross led the map of areas to be reforested in the basin. The quantification of the costs of replacement forest was based on figures from public and private projects. The results demonstrate the need for an annual investment turns around R$ 846637.80 (eight hundred and forty six thousand, six hundred and thirty-seven reais and eighty cents) for reforestation in a period of 30 years. It was concluded that the cost for the basin forest restoration of Ribeirão Itaim is approximately R$ 25.6 million and that the use of techniques for geoprocessing allows a fairly realistic estimate of permanent preservation areas to be reforested in the basin that region, which was estimated in 1947 ha.

In today's society it is important to easily and smoothly get accurate information. Withthe help of the application VasaSvahn it is possible to get expert help for Crosscountry ski waxing. The application VasaSvahn has been ported from an existingversion for iOS to a new version for Android. The application uses a third-party Webservices to obtain necessary information and support distribution of information. Theapplication is also connected to a database. The information the user needs to getaccurate waxing tips is stored in this database.The user of the application can also save information about the waxing selected atany given time and its external conditions. This report describes in detail how theapplication is built and the design decisions made when porting the application. Inthis report can also an evaluation of the application development tool Xamarin befound.

There is an ongoing debate by people in the industry whether to make native or web applications. These discussions mostly surround issues about development costs, user experience and capabilities. Another aspect of this debate is the fact that mobile devices have varying hardware specifications which is another factor to consider when making this decision. What we want to shed some light on is how performance is affected on the device when using these two different approaches of application development. The use of CPU/RAM and Energy is our primary concern and in our experiment we measure these values on two similar applications where one uses Nested Layouts and the other a WebView. The experiment was made on three different devices with varying specifications. What we found was that Web applications have a bigger impact on overall performance and because of this use more battery. While the debate certainly won't come to a close with results they are conclusive when it comes to the topic of performance and will be of value to developers who are concerned about it.

Context: Google App Engine (GAE) is a cloud computing platform, which allows developers to develop and deploy web based applications on it. It is composed of hundreds of thousands of commodity servers, distributed globally. GAE scales computing resources automatically, and developers only pay for the amount of time their application uses GAE resources. It imposes some restrictions and limitations on the design and development of applications such as execution time limit, lack of global transactions, way of communication with other applications etc. Objectives: In this study, we evaluate Google App Engine from enterprise application development point of view. We analyzed the behavior and architecture of Google App Engine to evaluate its feasibility for enterprise application development and compared it with Amazon Elastic Compute 2 (Amazon cloud service). We also studied Google App Engine storage system, Bigtable, which is a distributed non-SQL based data store. Methods: In this research study, we performed a literature study of the related cloud computing technologies and then a prototype enterprise application was developed for experiment. Results: Our literature study showed that Google App Engine has some limitations and restrictions on the development tools and environment. It does not provide support for global transaction, lacks strict consistency mechanisms, and provides highly virtualized and abstract view of the platform to the developer. Despite these limitations, the literature study and our experiment showed that Google App Engine is suited for applications with high read, searching and large write-stream operations. Google App Engine showed consistent performance as compared to Amazon Elastic Compute 2 in our experiment. Conclusions: We conclude that Google App Engine is a scalable platform while maintaining consistent performance but has some limitations due to its architecture and restrictions imposed on the development tools and environment. These limitations make it non-feasible for some types of enterprise applications, such as applications with high and intensive data computation requirement. But in other cases, such as simple data management and non-transactional applications, Google App Engine is an attractive platform.

Att ha en välfungerande back-end till ett system kan spara arbete i både utvecklingsfas och i underhållsfas. Mitt arbete var att implemetera Firebase som ny back-end för geografispelet Map Makers Quest och för spelets Questeditor. Med implementeringen av Firebase funktionaliteter som bland annat Firebase: realtidsdatabas introduserades även en ny datastruktur som är optimerad för spelets behov med realtidsfunktionaliteter. Arbetet visar att med Firebase så minskade den nedladdade datamängden i den första spelade spelomgången jämfört med de tidigare Flask/MongoDB systemet, för att i de efterföljande omgångarna var den nedladdade datamängden större per omgång. Därutöver konstaterades att variansen av nedladdad datamängd per spelomgång ökade med Firebase.

This paper describes the process of producing avatars for Jiddr. Today, social media surrounds the lives of youth, and communication via the Internet is an everyday occurrence for most people. Jiddr is an app that was created to give youths a platform for engaging with adults and other youths. It is a moderated forum which gives young people the opportunity to come i contact with adult role models who are knowledgable within various subject areas. On Jiddr, users are anonymous, and this is something I have placed much importance on during the design process. The relationship between critical design and interaction design has been central to this work, and I have created a concept as well as several avatars, which are presented in a prototype, based on previous studies that focus on anonymity. / Denna rapport redogör för processen att ta fram avatarer till föreningen Jiddr. Sociala medier omger ungdomar idag och kommunikation över internet hör till vardagen för de flesta. Jiddr är en samtalsapp som har skapats för att ge ungdomar en plattform där de kan prata med vuxna och andra ungdomar. Ett modererat forum som ger ungdomar möjligheten att möta vuxna förebilder som är kunniga inom olika ämnesområden. På Jiddrär användarna anonyma och detta är något jag lagt vikt vid under skapandeprocessen. Relationen mellan kritisk design och interaktionsdesign har varit central under arbetet. Och utifrån förstudier med fokus på anonymitet har jag skapat ett koncept och några avatarer som presenteras i en prototyp.

Examensarbetet diskuterar behovet av ett stödsystem för lärare vid undervisning och tar upp olika aspekter utifrån lärarnas arbetssituation. Som en del av denna diskussion finns en implementation av ett system i form av en Androidapplikation. Applikationen ger lärarna möjlighet till ett stödsystem med olika användningsområde som närvarokontroll, anmärkningsmöjligheter om förseningar och stök under lektionstid, verktyg för att anteckna elevarbete och motivera betyg direkt på plats. Stor vikt har lagts på att göra applikationen lättanvänd och användarvänlig och därför har tester med användare varit en stor del under utvecklingen.

The primary purpose of this study is to determine in which technology we have to develop an application depending on the features that we would like to include, in order to deliver the best value for a good price to the customers. Consequently, in this research we have described the capabilities, performance and limitations that we have found while using the different technologies. The empirical part of this study was conducted in the first semester of 2014/2015 at the Linnaeus University in Växjö (Sweden), supported by Softwerk Company. In conclusion, the thesis shows that the user experience with native apps is always better than using the web-based technologies, especially using maps, although the time and effort spent to develop them is higher. Cross-platform solutions can be very useful for simple apps, and also if the developer does not have a lot of time to develop them. The problem with this last kind of applications is that the performance is less than the native ones.

Caçapava é um município paulista com pouco mais de 80 mil habitantes. O café foi o primeiro produto que impulsionou o seu desenvolvimento, no fim do século XIX. Na primeira metade do século XX, a cidade passou por um período de estagnação econômica decorrente da queda do preço do café no mercado internacional e seu desenvolvimento só foi retomado na segunda metade do século, com a industrialização. Pessoas de classe social menos favorecida, desempregados ou de baixa renda, vieram de vários lugares do Brasil e fixaram-se na zona urbana do município, mais próximos às indústrias. A maioria constituiu moradias em lugares não planejados. Em Caçapava, as áreas que margeiam o rio Paraíba do Sul tiveram parte de sua mata ciliar suprimida para dar lugar à moradia. Essa área é legalmente protegida pelo Código Florestal (Lei n. 4.777/65), pela resolução n 303, de 20 de março de 2002, do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente-CONAMA. E também, pelo Artigo 167 do capítulo II da Lei Orgônica do Município. As matas ciliares têm grande importância para os rios. A presente pesquisa identificou a intervenção humana na APP. Primeiro passo foi utilização das imagens do satélite LANDSAT TM 1986 e 2005 digitalizadas no software Spring, que forneceu como produto final um mapa de uso e cobertura vegetal da terra. Constatou-se que 4,94Km2 é a extensão total da APP. Mata ciliar ocupava 60,9% em 1986, e foi reduzida para 27,9% em 2005. Pastagem foi o tipo de ocupação que mais cresceu. Em 1986, ocupava 26,2% e em 2005, ocupava 54,5% da área total da APP. O segundo passo consistiu na aplicação, na população residente, de um questionário sócio-econômico que trouxe resultados que permitiram a caracterização da população. Favelas como habitações, possuem baixos índices escolaridade, baixa renda familiar, alta taxa de natalidade, não possuem acesso aos serviços de saneamento básico, a maioria é imigrante nordestino ou descendente. Diante dos fatos pesquisados, concluiu-se que, os detentores de melhor situação financeira e que possuem atividades lucrativas na APP são os principais agentes no processo de sua destruição, seja pela mineração, pastagem, agricultura ou especulação imobiliária. A população residente, de menor poder aquisitivo, também contribuiu para a devastação da mata ciliar, embora ocupe uma área bem menor comparada àquelas geradoras de renda. / Caçapava is a municipality located in São Paulo State, currently with a little over 80 thousand people. Coffee was the first economic activity to foster its development, by the end of XIX century. In the first half of XX century, this municipality experienced an economic stagnation period caused by low coffee prices in the international market and its development process was reassumed only in the second half of that century, due to industrialization. People from low economic classes, with no jobs, came from many places in Brazil and got settled in the urban zone of town, near to industrial plants. Most of them constructed homes in inappropriate places. In Caçapava, areas along the Paraíba River had part of its riparian forest suppressed to give place to houses. Legally this area is protected by the Brazilian Forest Code (Law 4.777/65) and by CONAMA (Brazilian National Environmental Council) Resolution N 303, of March 20th, 2002. At the municipality level it is regulated by the Caçapava Organic Law, Article n 167, Chapter 11. Riparian forests are recognized for their great importance to rivers. This research analyzed the human intervention in the preservation area (APP) of Caçapava municipality riparian zone. Initially, Landsat TM imagery acquired in 1986 and 2005 were analyzed based on the Image Processing and GIS package known as Spring to generate a land use and land cover map. Results show that 4.94 Km2 correspond to APP area, i.e. area to be preserved. Riparian forest occurred in 60,9% in 1986 and was reduced to 27,9% in 2005 in the APPs. Pasture lands kept growing in area. In 1986, 26,2% of APP was in pasture, while in 2005 it increased to 54,5%. A social economical questionnaire to survey the population that has been living in this riparian zone was applied. Results indicated that most houses are shacks resembling slums. The population has low alphabetization level, low income and high birth rate and has no access to sewage system. Most of the people came from poor parts of Brazilian Northeast region. However, investors who have economic power exploited the APPs for mining, grassing, crop cultivation and real state can be held responsible for most of the riparian forest destruction. But people that live in the area with low access to goods also contributed to the devastation of riparian forest, although they affected a smaller area compared to the investors.