Submitted by ANA LÚCIA HERMOSILLA TAMURA null (analu.hermosilla@hotmail.com) on 2018-03-22T03:05:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO ANA LÚCIA HERMOSILLA TAMURA 28-03-18.pdf: 1769558 bytes, checksum: 960390f2a1a31dae421346bc7d56e99c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Satie Tagara (satie@marilia.unesp.br) on 2018-03-22T16:41:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tamura_alh_me_mar.pdf: 1769558 bytes, checksum: 960390f2a1a31dae421346bc7d56e99c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-22T16:41:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tamura_alh_me_mar.pdf: 1769558 bytes, checksum: 960390f2a1a31dae421346bc7d56e99c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-28 / Não recebi financiamento / Sob a perspectiva dialógica da linguagem, a leitura é compreendida como atribuição de sentido, pois o texto passa a ser o lugar da interação entre os sujeitos que, de forma ativa e dialógica, se constroem e são construídos pelo texto. Subsidiada a essas ideias, esta pesquisa pretendeu responder à seguinte questão: o modo como os professores concebem leitura e suas práticas de ensino implicam numa formação leitora de seus alunos que os levem à leitura como atribuição de sentido em diálogo com o texto? Frente a esse questionamento, essa pesquisa foi empreendida com o objetivo de compreender como quatro professoras de primeiro ano do ensino fundamental I, de uma escola privada, e eu, pesquisadora e coordenadora pedagógica dessa escola, entendemos a leitura e as implicações dessas concepções na formação leitora de nossos alunos. A geração de dados ocorreu por meio do encontro dialogado, registrado em áudio, que se desdobrou em três momentos distintos, bem como por meio da utilização de diário de campo para o registro escrito das narrativas dos protagonistas acerca do referido encontro. Sob uma abordagem qualitativa e subsidiada pelos pressupostos bakhtinianos, a análise de dados compreendeu os eixos: “Concepção de leitura: implicações na formação leitora das protagonistas”; que contemplou as concepções acerca de leitura sob dois referenciais: a perspectiva da decodificação e a perspectiva de atribuição de sentido; “Práticas de leitura em sala de aula: implicações na formação leitora dos alunos”, que compreendeu a formação leitora sob dois referenciais: como prática social e como constructo individual; e “O sujeito aprendiz no processo de ensino da leitura”, que diz respeito à participação do aluno no processo de ensino de leitura no primeiro ano do ensino fundamental I. Tais dados revelaram que as professoras apresentaram uma concepção reducionista da leitura, que pode ter implicações na sua formação leitora, e práticas do ensino de leitura, em sala de aula, que podem implicar na formação leitora do aluno como constructo individual, ao procederem ao ensino da leitura da perspectiva da decodificação. Porém, foram evidenciadas, por parte das professoras, práticas sob a perspectiva dialógica da linguagem que podem implicar a formação leitora do aluno como prática social e sob a compreensão de leitura como atribuição de sentido. Tais práticas foram pautadas no ensino que considera o sujeito dotado de uma atitude responsiva ativa. Entretanto, parte das professoras, por estarem marcadas por uma concepção monológica, ainda adotam práticas sob as quais o sujeito tem poucas possibilidades de dialogar com o texto. Diante desses indícios, retoma-se a importância da formação continuada como oportunidade de ressignificação da concepção de leitura sob a perspectiva de atribuição de sentido, bem como do sujeito aprendiz dotado de atitude responsiva ativa diante da leitura. / From the dialogical perspective of language, reading is understood as attribution of meaning, because the text becomes the place of the interaction between the subjects that, in an active and dialogical way, construct themselves and are constructed by the text. Faced with these ideas, this research aimed to answer the following question: Do the way the teachers conceive of reading and their teaching practices imply a reading formation of their students that leads them to the reading as attribution of meaning? Faced with this questioning, this research was undertaken with the objective of understanding how the four elementary school teachers, from a private school, and I, researcher and pedagogical coordinator of this school, understand the reading and the implications of these conceptions in the reading formation of our students. The generation of data occurred through the dialogue meeting, recorded in audio, as well as through the use of field diary for the written record of the protagonists' narratives about the meeting. Under a qualitative approach and subsidized by the Bakhtinian presuppositions the analysis of data comprised the axes: "Reading conception: implications in the reading formation of the protagonists"; which understood the conceptions about reading under two references: from the perspective of decoding and from the perspective of attribution of meaning; "Reading practices in the classroom: implications in student reading formation”, which contemplated the reading formation under two references: as a social practice and as an individual construct; and "The learner subject in the process of reading teaching", which included the student's participation in the process of reading teaching from the first grade of elementary school. These data revealed that the teachers presented a reductionist conception about the reading, which may have implications in their reading formation. The teachers also presented practices of reading teaching in the classroom that may imply in the student's reading comprehension as an individual construct, as they proceed to teach reading as a decoding. However, practices that may imply the reading formation of the student as a social practice and conception of reading as attribution of meaning were evidenced by demonstrating practices from a dialogical perspective of language. Such practices were based on teaching that considers the subject endowed with an active responsive attitude. On the other hand, because they are marked by a monological conception, they still adopt practices under which the students have few possibilities of dialoguing with the text. In view of these indications, the importance of continuing education as an opportunity for re-signification of the conception of reading from the perspective of attribution of meaning, as well as the student with an active responsive attitude towards reading, it is taken up again.

Text in English / This exploratory study creates a post-modern narrative context for psychotherapy and extends these ideas to an individual living with a psychiatric disorder, namely obsessive-compulsive disorder. The present study explores OCD through the ecosystemic perspective and aims to obtain a holistic understanding of an individual's experience of living with OCD and to describe the recursive connections between OCD and the individual's ecological context. This investigation includes the re-authoring therapy of Michael White and David Epston and the application of their ideas to the individual's life story. A qualitative method within the naturalistic paradigm is employed focussing on the unique experience of the individual, which allows for an understanding of the individual's personal meaning. The dominant narratives, that emerged from the individual's life story, were deconstructed. Significant shifts in attribution of meaning took place. / Psychology / M.A.(Clinical Psychology)

The word "cancer" has different meanings for different people. In general, it is synonymous with fatality, either imminent or in the forseeable future. How each person perceives and attributes meaning to this personal experience, varies according to idiosyncratic factors. These factors are constituted by each individual's unique internal make up and by external influences and it is the combination of the multiplicity of factors that bring about the personal attributions of meaning for each individual. The thesis examines the attributions of meaning of a sample of 42 women with breast cancer, through administration of a semi-structured interview and questionnaire, with follow up interviews. The theoretical concepts which are explored, examine the shift away from the traditional, Newtonian, linear-causal, neutral observer model (as in the traditional medical model), towards an ecosystemic, a-causal, contextual, holistic stance. Ecosystemic thinking is utilised in this research work, and this way of thinking is applied to the findings. In addition, a qualitative, descriptive approach is adopted, so that an in depth emphasis rather than a quantitative, empirical view of the patients in the sample, is undertaken. The applied questionaire focuses on the patient's experience of cancer diagnosis, with more specific reference to the side effects of the chemotherapy. The emphasis is towards the issue of anticipatory nausea and emesis and the possible use of hypnosis in relation to these effects. Each patient's attribution of meaning to these aspects forms the core of the thesis. The study discloses the wide variety of attributions of meaning held by different women in a similar predicament towards different aspects of that predicament. Concomitantly, the study highlights the limitations of the traditional, medical model which contribute to diminishing the personal understanding of each patient, and the impact of this on both treatment and outcome for each patient. / Psychology / D.Phil. (Psychology)

Text in English / This exploratory study creates a post-modern narrative context for psychotherapy and extends these ideas to an individual living with a psychiatric disorder, namely obsessive-compulsive disorder. The present study explores OCD through the ecosystemic perspective and aims to obtain a holistic understanding of an individual's experience of living with OCD and to describe the recursive connections between OCD and the individual's ecological context. This investigation includes the re-authoring therapy of Michael White and David Epston and the application of their ideas to the individual's life story. A qualitative method within the naturalistic paradigm is employed focussing on the unique experience of the individual, which allows for an understanding of the individual's personal meaning. The dominant narratives, that emerged from the individual's life story, were deconstructed. Significant shifts in attribution of meaning took place. / Psychology / M.A.(Clinical Psychology)

The word "cancer" has different meanings for different people. In general, it is synonymous with fatality, either imminent or in the forseeable future. How each person perceives and attributes meaning to this personal experience, varies according to idiosyncratic factors. These factors are constituted by each individual's unique internal make up and by external influences and it is the combination of the multiplicity of factors that bring about the personal attributions of meaning for each individual. The thesis examines the attributions of meaning of a sample of 42 women with breast cancer, through administration of a semi-structured interview and questionnaire, with follow up interviews. The theoretical concepts which are explored, examine the shift away from the traditional, Newtonian, linear-causal, neutral observer model (as in the traditional medical model), towards an ecosystemic, a-causal, contextual, holistic stance. Ecosystemic thinking is utilised in this research work, and this way of thinking is applied to the findings. In addition, a qualitative, descriptive approach is adopted, so that an in depth emphasis rather than a quantitative, empirical view of the patients in the sample, is undertaken. The applied questionaire focuses on the patient's experience of cancer diagnosis, with more specific reference to the side effects of the chemotherapy. The emphasis is towards the issue of anticipatory nausea and emesis and the possible use of hypnosis in relation to these effects. Each patient's attribution of meaning to these aspects forms the core of the thesis. The study discloses the wide variety of attributions of meaning held by different women in a similar predicament towards different aspects of that predicament. Concomitantly, the study highlights the limitations of the traditional, medical model which contribute to diminishing the personal understanding of each patient, and the impact of this on both treatment and outcome for each patient. / Psychology / D.Phil. (Psychology)

In the realm of therapeutic horseback riding one becomes aware of the idiosyncratic way in which each unique individual depicts his or her experience of a therapeutic riding endeavor. This study focuses on the meanings attributed to therapeutic riding in the lives of children with cerebral palsy because the complementary use of horses in therapy with these children may be of great importance to the medical fraternity. This exploration investigated the influence of the children's relationship with a horse, and the parents' perception of horseriding as a complementary therapy to occupational- and physiotherapy. The theoretical background and a literature review on therapeutic horseback riding and cerebral palsy were presented in this study. This study followed a holistic, ecosystemic epistemology. Both a qualitative approach and a quantitative approach were adopted as two complementary sides of a more encompassing whole and provided rich descriptions of the context and research process. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

Text in Afrikaans / Hierdie studie ondersoek die bantering van seksueel-gemolesteerde kinders. Die kliniese beeld sowel as die fisiese- en gedragsimptome is kriteria by die uitkenning van seksuele molestering. Die bantering van die seksueel-gemolesteerde kind is medebepalend vir die onmiddellike en langtennyn gevolge van seksuele molestering. Seksuele molestering word vanuit 'n sielkundig-opvoedkundige perspektief bespreek. Die studie neem die seksueel-gemolesteerde kind se betekenisgewing, belewing, betrokkenheid, selfaktualisering en selfkonsep in beskouing. Terapeutiese tegnieke, soos toegepas in gevalle van seksuele molestering, word vir gebruik deur professionele persone en instansies, bespreek. Die empiriese ondersoek fokus op die houdinge, hanteringswyses en toepassing van terapeutiese tegnieke deur professionele persone en instansies in die Witbank omgewing. Volgens die navorsingsresultate is daar geen uniforme hanteringswyse of riglyne vir terapie ten opsigte van seksueel-gemolesteerde kinders nie. Die navorsing toon verder swak interinstansie-samewerking wat die voordele van uniforme hanteringswyses en riglyne vir terapie emstig aan bande le / This study investigates the treatment of sexually-abused children. The clinical framework and the physical and behavioural symptoms being some of the criteria utilised to identify such children. The methods used to treat cases co-determine the immediate and long-term effects of sexual abuse. Sexual abuse is discussed from an educational-psychological perspective. The study reflects on the child's meanin& experiencing, involvement, selfactualisation, self-concept and their effects on her life. Professional approaches, therapeutic techniques and treatments are described for use by professionals and agencies, based on an empirical investigation conducted in Witbank. The results of the research indicate a non-uniform approach in guidelines used for therapeutic techniques and the treatment of sexually-abused children. The research shows further that interaction between professional bodies and -individuals in treatment of these cases is poor and the benefits that should result from uniform treatment are therefore severely limited / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Spesialisering in Voorligting)

In the realm of therapeutic horseback riding one becomes aware of the idiosyncratic way in which each unique individual depicts his or her experience of a therapeutic riding endeavor. This study focuses on the meanings attributed to therapeutic riding in the lives of children with cerebral palsy because the complementary use of horses in therapy with these children may be of great importance to the medical fraternity. This exploration investigated the influence of the children's relationship with a horse, and the parents' perception of horseriding as a complementary therapy to occupational- and physiotherapy. The theoretical background and a literature review on therapeutic horseback riding and cerebral palsy were presented in this study. This study followed a holistic, ecosystemic epistemology. Both a qualitative approach and a quantitative approach were adopted as two complementary sides of a more encompassing whole and provided rich descriptions of the context and research process. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

Text in Afrikaans / Hierdie studie ondersoek die bantering van seksueel-gemolesteerde kinders. Die kliniese beeld sowel as die fisiese- en gedragsimptome is kriteria by die uitkenning van seksuele molestering. Die bantering van die seksueel-gemolesteerde kind is medebepalend vir die onmiddellike en langtennyn gevolge van seksuele molestering. Seksuele molestering word vanuit 'n sielkundig-opvoedkundige perspektief bespreek. Die studie neem die seksueel-gemolesteerde kind se betekenisgewing, belewing, betrokkenheid, selfaktualisering en selfkonsep in beskouing. Terapeutiese tegnieke, soos toegepas in gevalle van seksuele molestering, word vir gebruik deur professionele persone en instansies, bespreek. Die empiriese ondersoek fokus op die houdinge, hanteringswyses en toepassing van terapeutiese tegnieke deur professionele persone en instansies in die Witbank omgewing. Volgens die navorsingsresultate is daar geen uniforme hanteringswyse of riglyne vir terapie ten opsigte van seksueel-gemolesteerde kinders nie. Die navorsing toon verder swak interinstansie-samewerking wat die voordele van uniforme hanteringswyses en riglyne vir terapie emstig aan bande le / This study investigates the treatment of sexually-abused children. The clinical framework and the physical and behavioural symptoms being some of the criteria utilised to identify such children. The methods used to treat cases co-determine the immediate and long-term effects of sexual abuse. Sexual abuse is discussed from an educational-psychological perspective. The study reflects on the child's meanin& experiencing, involvement, selfactualisation, self-concept and their effects on her life. Professional approaches, therapeutic techniques and treatments are described for use by professionals and agencies, based on an empirical investigation conducted in Witbank. The results of the research indicate a non-uniform approach in guidelines used for therapeutic techniques and the treatment of sexually-abused children. The research shows further that interaction between professional bodies and -individuals in treatment of these cases is poor and the benefits that should result from uniform treatment are therefore severely limited / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Spesialisering in Voorligting)

This research was conducted to confirm and identify possible and intrinsic factors which may influence the academic achievement of senior secondary pupils in the rural Eastem Cape. The literature study indicates that factors such as parental involvement, motivation, the role of teachers and peers as well as learners' attribution of meaning, involvement, and experience have a direct influence on academic achievement. To confmn the influence of the above factors, the researcher conducted a structured interview with ten respondents, consisting of four pupils, their parents and two teachers. Questions to parents investigated their relationship with theii·children in terms of discipline, motivation as well as involvement in their education. Questions to pupils investigated their relationship with their parents, teachers, peers and self. Learners' level of self-actualization in terms of attribution of meaning, involvement, experience and self-concept was also examined. The research revealed that most of the parents are not adequately involved in their children s education, and the fmdings confirmed this as an extrinsic factor that influenced the learners achievement. The findings also indicated that teachers have somewhat lost sight of their role in promoting learners' potential, contributing to the high failure rate in the Eastern Cape rural schools. The fmdings further confirmed that the learners level of self­ actualization, in terms of attribution of meaning, involvement and experience influences academic achievement. Based on the findings, recommendations were made to improve the situation of education in the rural Eastern Cape. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)