Introducción: La depresión es un problema de salud pública, puesto que representa la primera causa de enfermedad psiquiátrica discapacitante en el Perú. Asimismo, la presencia de síntomas depresivos podría modificar la adherencia al tratamiento y mayor probabilidad de mal control glicémico en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio trasversal, analítico. Se halló un tamaño muestral de 98 pacientes con diagnóstico de DM2 que acudieron al consultorio de endocrinología de un hospital del seguro social en el periodo de Octubre - Noviembre del año 2014. Se utilizaron tres escalas, la principal fue la del Inventario de Depresión de Beck II como variable de respuesta; las otras dos escalas, Escala de Áreas Problemáticas en la Diabetes (PAID) y la escala de Morisky-Green, fueron utilizadas como respuesta complementaria. En el estudio se definió como buen control glicémico una hemoglobina glicosilada ≤7. Resultados: Se estudió 104 pacientes, predominando el sexo femenino (53,8%), con edad promedio de 56 años con tendencia a ser menores de 60 años (p>0,05), casados y de grado superior. El índice de masa corporal tuvo asociación con la presencia de síntomas depresivos (p 0,003), y se encontró mayor frecuencia en aquellos con obesidad de tipo II y III. El 57,7% de la población tuvo mal control glicémico, de los cuales el 73,3% presentaban síntomas depresivos (p<0,05), y el 84,1% no tuvo adherencia al tratamiento (p<0,05). Se encontró una asociación significativa entre el mal control glicémico y la presencia de síntomas depresivos independientemente de variables potencialmente confusoras con una razón de prevalencias de 1,9 (1,1 a 3,6). Conclusiones: Se concluye la existencia de asociación entre el mal control glicémico y la presencia de síntomas depresivos en pacientes con DM2. De tal forma, se sugiere brindar un enfoque integral en dichos pacientes, en los cuales también deberá evaluarse el factor psicológico. / Introduction: Depression is an important problem of public health because it is the primary cause of disabling psychiatric illness in Peru. Also, the presence of depressive symptoms could modify the adherence to the treatment and a high probability of a bad glycemic control in patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2). Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was done, with 98 patients who were diagnosed with DM2, who went to the Endocrinology Department during the period of October-November 2014 in a social security hospital. We used three scales, the first one was The Beck Depression Inventory II which evaluated the presence of depressive symptoms; the scale of Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) evaluates the emotional stress they faced during the illness, and the Morisky-Green Scale is the third scale used which valued the adherence to the pharmacological treatment. Results: in population, the predominance was on female sex (53,8%), with a mean age of 56 years tended to be younger than 60 years (p> 0.05), married and a superior grade. BMI was associated with the presence of depressive symptoms (p 0.003), and most often found in those with obesity, type II and III. The population had 57.7% of poor glycemic control, of which 73.3% had depressive symptoms (p <0.05), and 84.1% had no adherence to treatment (p <0.05). It was found a significant association between bad glycemic control and presence of depressive symptoms independently of the potentially confounding variables with a prevalence ratio to 1.9 (1, 1 -3, 6). Conclusions: It is concluded the association between the bad glycemic control and the presence of depressive symptoms in diabetic patients. Therefore, it is suggested to use an integral approach on such patients who will be subject to a psychological evaluation.

Introduction It is clear from the literature that depressive disorder is closely related to lifestyle, however the relationship between burnout and lifestyle remains unclear. The aim of this study was to present a comprehensive overview of depressive symptoms, burnout and lifestyle over the years. Furthermore, this study looks at the relationship between burnout, depressive symptomatology and lifestyle and seeks to clarify the extent to which burnout can be explained by these variables. Methods Data collection took place in three waves. The first data collection was in 2014 (October/November), the second in 2017 (March) and the third in 2020 (March). The STEM/MARK agency conducted the data collection and collected answers from a representative sample of respondents using the CAWI method - computer-assisted questioning. These respondents were selected from the European National Panel. Because the target group was adults (18-65 years), an online survey was chosen. Internet penetration in this target population is sufficient and it was not necessary to use a combination of methodologies. Results All 3 data collections identically show that for the model explaining burnout statistically significant variables are: age, depression and fatigue during the day. Other variables related to healthy lifestyles...

Denna uppsats undersöker effekter av psykologisk debriefing och avlastningssamtal efter traumatiska händelser hos brandpersonal. Enkätstudiens fokus låg på brandpersonalens känslomässiga påverkan av traumatiska händelser i arbetet. Femtionio personer deltog i enkätstudien, varav 91 procent upplevt en traumatisk händelse. Det fanns inga signifikanta skillnader i posttraumatiska stressreaktioner och psykologiskt välbefinnande hos brandmän efter traumatisk händelse beroende av huruvida brandmännen deltagit i tidig intervention i form av avlastningssamtal, psykologisk debriefing eller inte medverkat i någon form av tidig intervention. / This study investigated the effectiveness of psychological debriefing after traumatic events among professional firefighters. We sought to understand the emotional effect of traumatic events in daily work. To examine this, a survey was conducted with 59 firefighters and among these 91 percent had experienced a traumatic event. There were no significant difference in post trauma reactions and psychological well being among firefighters after traumatic event depending on participate or not participate in psychological debriefing.

The thesis is dealing with the topic of depression and measurement instruments, which may contribute to its diagnostics and assessment. Special attention is dedicated to the Beck Depression Inventory, second edition, and the aim of this thesis is to provide normative data acquired from a large sample of healthy adult participants coming from the Czech Republic (N = 450; aged 18 to 96 years). The Beck Depression Inventory, second edition (BDI-II; Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996) belongs among the most famous and most often used measures of depression severity. A significant relationship was found between the BDI-II total score and gender and education level, but not age. Women tended to score significantly higher than men on average, and a negative correlation between the BDI-II total score and education was found. Therefore, the normative data were analysed and stratified according to these two demographic variables. Tables, presenting means, standard deviations, percentiles and standard scores are provided for the total unstratified sample as well as for demographically defined subgroups. In addition, internal consistency of the Czech version was high (alpha above .80). The item-total correlations, and factorial structure of the instrument were investigated and the results were compared with results...

En el moment en què els ballarins pateixen una lesió l'atenció dels professionals de la medicina de la dansa se centra prioritàriament en els aspectes físics del tractament i de la recuperació. Amb tot, la lesió sovint té conseqüències pel que fa a les funcions psicològiques. L'objectiu d'aquesta recerca de tipus exploratori, de disseny empíric, transversal, descriptiu i correlacional/causal és conèixer les respostes emocionals davant la lesió de ballarins lesionats de dansa mesurant depressió, desesperança, estat emocional i estratègies d'afrontament. Per això, es varen administrar el POMS, BDI-II, BHS i CHIP, a més d'un qüestionari sobre els factors associats a la lesió, a una mostra de 94 ballarins lesionats a Nova York. Els resultats més destacats assenyalen que el 31,9% dels ballarins va presentar una simptomatologia de depressió en les categories de lleu, moderat i sever en el BDI-II i un 42,9% d'ells desesperança. Quant al perfil de l'estat d'ànim (POMS), constatem una tendència a nivells elevats de tensió i confusió, seguits de depressió, fatiga i hostilitat. El vigor destaca per la seva absència. Les estratègies d'afrontament utilitzades inclouen l'afrontament instrumental i el de distracció, mentre que tendeixen a no utilitzar en la mateixa mesura estratègies pal·liatives. Pel que fa a d'altres factors associats cal destacar, en primer lloc, les preocupacions econòmiques com a factor que pot arribar a ser un impediment a l'hora d'obtenir tractament mèdic i/o psicològic. En segon lloc, en relació a les conductes dels ballarins és rellevant que el 64,8% va continuar ballant malgrat la lesió, i que el 31,9% va cuidar la lesió per sí mateix, sense cap ajut mèdic. Finalment, pel que fa al suport i l'ajuda que pot oferir un psicòleg especialitzat en dansa, els ballarins valoren positivament les tècniques de relaxació, i el seu suport davant les respostes emocionals davant les lesions, així com en la transició psicosocial de la carrera de ballarí. / En el momento en que los bailarines sufren una lesión la atención de los profesionales de la medicina de la danza se centra prioritariamente en los aspectos físicos del tratamiento y de la recuperación. Sin embargo, la lesión tiene a menudo consecuencias sobre las funciones psicológicas. El objetivo de esta investigación de tipo exploratorio, de diseño empírico, transversal, descriptivo y correlacional/causal es conocer las respuestas emocionales en bailarines lesionados midiendo depresión, desesperanza, estado emocional y estrategias de afrontamiento. Para ello, se administraron el POMS, BDI-II, BHS y CHIP, además de un cuestionario sobre los factores asociados a la lesión, a una muestra de 94 bailarines lesionados en Nueva York. Los resultados más destacados señalan que el 31,9% de los bailarines presentó una sintomatología de depresión en las categorías de leve, moderado y severo en el BDI-II y un 42,9% de ellos desesperanza. En cuanto al perfil del estado de ánimo (POMS), constatamos una tendencia a niveles elevados de tensión y confusión, seguidos de depresión, fatiga y hostilidad. El vigor destaca por su bajas puntuaciones. Las estrategias de afrontamiento empleadas incluyen el afrontamiento instrumental y el de distracción, mientras que tienden a no utilizar en la misma medida estrategias paliativas. En cuanto a otros factores asociados es importante destacar, en primer lugar, las preocupaciones económicas como factor que puede llegar ser un impedimento para obtener tratamiento médico y/o psicológico. En segundo lugar, en relación con las conductas de los bailarines cabe destacar que el 64,8% continuó bailando aún estando lesionado, y que el 31,9% cuidó la lesión por sí mismo. Finalmente, en cuanto al apoyo y la ayuda que puede ofrecer un psicólogo especializado en danza, los bailarines valoran positivamente las técnicas de relajación, y su apoyo ante las respuestas emocionales ante las lesiones, así como en la transición psicosocial después de la carrera de bailarín. / When dancers are injured dance medicine professionals focus their attention primarily on the physical aspects of treatment and recovery. However, injuries usually have an impact on the individual's psychological functions as well. The objective of this exploratory study, of experimental, transversal, descriptive and correlational/causal design, is to know the emotional responses towards injury in injured dancers measuring depression, hopelessness, emotional state and coping strategies. In order to do that, the POMS, BDI-II, BHS and CHIP were administered, together with a questionnaire regarding injury-associated factors, to a sample of 94 injured dancers in New York. As for the results, 31.9% of the dancers showed depression symptomatology in the categories mild, moderate and severe in the BDI-II and 42.9 of them showed hopelessness. Regarding the profile of mood states (POMS), results show a tendency towards high levels of tension and confusion, followed by depression, fatigue and hostility. Vigor stands out due to its low scores. The coping strategies used include instrumental and distraction, while not using palliative strategies in the same degree. Regarding other injury-associated factors it is important to note, firstly, the dancers' economical worries as a factor that can even prevent them from accessing medical and/or psychological treatment. Secondly, as regards dancers' behavior, 64.8% of them continued dancing despite being injured, and that 31.9% took care of their injuries themselves, without any professional medical help. Finally, regarding the support and help a dance psychologist can provide, dancers considered positive the relaxation techniques, and their support when emotionally responding to injuries as well as in the psychosocial transition at the end of their professional career.

<p>HIV and AIDS are disease conditions that have led to high mortality rates in Southern Africa since the late 1970s. The socio-economic system has led to the unequal spread of resources&rsquo / and vulnerability and exposure to HIV is more prevalent in poorer communities. The added burden of life stresses cause for many to be isolated and stigmatised and are often not equipped with the necessary support and coping skills to deal with the magnitude of these circumstances. There is a high prevalence of mental disorders and especially depression amongst individuals infected with either HIV or AIDS. Research shows that stressful life events can impact HIV course progression and impacts the QoL of those infected with HIV or AIDS. Given the social and psychological context of HIV and AIDS, the aim of the study was to examine the relationship between depression and QoL in a sample of adults diagnosed with HIV or AIDS. This quantitative, cross-sectional study used the Becks Depression Inventory II (BDI II) and the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), to measure the variables concerned. This battery of&nbsp / questionnaires was administered to a purposive sample of adult individuals diagnosed with HIV or AIDS residing in a previously disadvantaged area in the Cape Metropole region. Using SPSS,&nbsp / data was analysed and descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted. The study found that there were more women than men with HIV or AIDS that were found to be depressed (mild, moderate and severe depression). Furthermore, the depressive state increased when the progression of the disease increased. There were generally no significant differences in the QoL&nbsp / experienced within various areas of life and overall life satisfaction experienced. However, the QoL experienced in work was lower. There was a significant relationship between the depressed state and QoL and life satisfaction experienced in household duties and tasks. The contribution of this study includes informing the larger research project, with regards to future treatment&nbsp / regimes. It will update statistics on the prevalence of depression and QoL of adults diagnosed with HIV or AIDS in the area. This study is framed within a biopsychosocial model and is&nbsp / theoretically underpinned by Beck&rsquo / s theory of depression. Key words: HIV, AIDS, adults, depression, quality of life (QoL), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI II), Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Antiretrovirals (ARV&rsquo / s), prevalence data, correlations.</p>

<p>HIV and AIDS are disease conditions that have led to high mortality rates in Southern Africa since the late 1970s. The socio-economic system has led to the unequal spread of resources&rsquo / and vulnerability and exposure to HIV is more prevalent in poorer communities. The added burden of life stresses cause for many to be isolated and stigmatised and are often not equipped with the necessary support and coping skills to deal with the magnitude of these circumstances. There is a high prevalence of mental disorders and especially depression amongst individuals infected with either HIV or AIDS. Research shows that stressful life events can impact HIV course progression and impacts the QoL of those infected with HIV or AIDS. Given the social and psychological context of HIV and AIDS, the aim of the study was to examine the relationship between depression and QoL in a sample of adults diagnosed with HIV or AIDS. This quantitative, cross-sectional study used the Becks Depression Inventory II (BDI II) and the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), to measure the variables concerned. This battery of&nbsp / questionnaires was administered to a purposive sample of adult individuals diagnosed with HIV or AIDS residing in a previously disadvantaged area in the Cape Metropole region. Using SPSS,&nbsp / data was analysed and descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted. The study found that there were more women than men with HIV or AIDS that were found to be depressed (mild, moderate and severe depression). Furthermore, the depressive state increased when the progression of the disease increased. There were generally no significant differences in the QoL&nbsp / experienced within various areas of life and overall life satisfaction experienced. However, the QoL experienced in work was lower. There was a significant relationship between the depressed state and QoL and life satisfaction experienced in household duties and tasks. The contribution of this study includes informing the larger research project, with regards to future treatment&nbsp / regimes. It will update statistics on the prevalence of depression and QoL of adults diagnosed with HIV or AIDS in the area. This study is framed within a biopsychosocial model and is&nbsp / theoretically underpinned by Beck&rsquo / s theory of depression. Key words: HIV, AIDS, adults, depression, quality of life (QoL), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI II), Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Antiretrovirals (ARV&rsquo / s), prevalence data, correlations.</p>

Magister Psychologiae - MPsych / HIV and AIDS are disease conditions that have led to high mortality rates in Southern Africa since the late 1970s. The socio-economic system has led to the unequal spread of resources’ and vulnerability and exposure to HIV is more prevalent in poorer communities. The added burden of life stresses cause for many to be isolated and stigmatised and are often not equipped with the necessary support and coping skills to deal with the magnitude of these circumstances. There is a high prevalence of mental disorders and especially depression amongst individuals infected with either HIV or AIDS. Research shows that stressful life events can impact HIV course progression and impacts the QoL of those infected with HIV or AIDS. Given the social and psychological context of HIV and AIDS, the aim of the study was to examine the relationship between depression and QoL in a sample of adults diagnosed with HIV or AIDS. This quantitative, cross-sectional study used the Becks Depression Inventory II (BDI II) and the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), to measure the variables concerned. This battery of questionnaires was administered to a purposive sample of adult individuals diagnosed with HIV or AIDS residing in a previously disadvantaged area in the Cape Metropole region. Using SPSS, data was analysed and descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted. The study found that there were more women than men with HIV or AIDS that were found to be depressed (mild, moderate and severe depression). Furthermore, the depressive state increased when the progression of the disease increased. There were generally no significant differences in the QoL experienced within various areas of life and overall life satisfaction experienced. However, the QoL experienced in work was lower. There was a significant relationship between the depressed state and QoL and life satisfaction experienced in household duties and tasks. The contribution of this study includes informing the larger research project, with regards to future treatment regimes. It will update statistics on the prevalence of depression and QoL of adults diagnosed with HIV or AIDS in the area. This study is framed within a biopsychosocial model and is theoretically underpinned by Beck’s theory of depression. Key words: HIV, AIDS, adults, depression, quality of life (QoL), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI II), Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Antiretrovirals (ARV’s), prevalence data, correlations. / South Africa

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Psychologist and bariatric tretment of obesity PhDr.Jitka Herlesová Tutor: PhDr.Tamara Hrachovinová, CSc. Abstract The aim of the dissertation thesis is to map psychosocial characteristics associated with obesity and their changes after bariatric surgery. The Empirical part follows the points settled in the Theoretical part. Obesity is a disease, whose prevalence rises. Bariatric and metabolic surgery is one of the most effective treatment of obesity and its comorbidities. The mental diseases are associated with high levels of obesity. The standard part of pre-bariatric examination is the psychological assessment. Several changes accompany the weight loss after bariatric surgery, such as normalization of psychosocial functioning, the decrease of mental disorders but in some cases the changes might be also negative. The Empirical part focuses on the psychosocial characteristics of bariatric surgery candidates assessed during the psychological evaluation and the changes after operation. The data from semi-structured psychological interview, Three factor eating questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Obesity Weight Loss Quality of Life and Weight Related Symptom Measure were evaluated. The changes after surgery were assessed after 6, 12 and 24 months. Statistically significant differences were ascertained...