Tato diplomová práce se zabývá aktuálními poznatky, společně s optimalizací oscilačních měření pomocí hybridního reometru, ale hlavně pozorováním změn reologických parametrů v čase past mleté granulované vysokopecní strusky aktivované různými aktivačními roztoky s koncentrací alkálií M: 4 and 7.5 moldm. Výsledky byly pro diskuzi podpořeny výstupy z Vicatovy metody a izotermické kalorimetrie. Nejprve bylo zjištěno, že limit lineární viskoelastické oblasti se zmenšuje v čase. Dále bylo pozorováno, že v time sweep testech vykazovala struska aktivovaná křemičitany nejnižší hodnoty komplexního modulu a struska aktivovaná hydroxidy o koncentraci 4 moldm nejvyšší hodnoty a ostatní pasty vykazovaly hodnoty mezi těmito dvěma extrémy a měly mezi sebou porovnatelné hodnoty. Podobný trend byl pozorován u vývoje kritické meze oscilačního napětí, získaného z amplitude sweep testů (přerušovaně a nepřerušovaně). Oba výše zmíněné parametry, komplexní modul a mez napětí, se vyvíjely v čase. Výsledky všech testů jasně ukázaly, že povrchová chemie hraje roli ve výsledném reologickém chování. Odsud, povaha a koncentrace aktivátoru ovlivňují reologické vlastnosti skrze efekty Na a K iontů, stejně tak skrze koncentraci, která má dopad na elektickou dvojnou vrstvu. Reologické chování může být také ovlivněno dalšími faktory, např. viskozitou aktivačního roztoku a celkovou kinetikou hydratačního procesu.

This master´s thesis proposes a design for a new hotel in the Giant. This master´s thesis is elaborated in the form of project documentation for construction. The building is located in the village Spindleruv Mlyn in sloping terrain. The object is designed from a two-way wall system, the porotherm, and the ceilings are designed as stacked also from the porotherm system. The building is a rectangular ground plan with a saddle roof and a dormer. Roof cover is designed from Tondach-baked bags and design is made of wooden elements. The perimeter walls of the underground floor will be made of concrete blocks of BS Klatovy. The internal staircase will be reinforced concrete. The elevator shaft across all floors will be fitted with an evacuation lift. The building will be insulated with a certified ETICS thermal insulation system.

Hotel in Janské Lázně with restaurant. The building has four floors and its’s partly cellar with saddle roof. The building is from lime-sand blocks Silka. Hotel is determine for accommodation and alimentation of visitors..

Le développement de plans synthétiques de molécules de complexité variable qui utilise des réactifs aisés d’accès et qui sont économes en atomes et en étapes est constamment au cœur des préoccupations du chimiste organicien pour accroître la diversité moléculaire de façon efficace et éco-responsable. La catalyse par les métaux de transition a permis de faire des progrès considérables dans la construction et la fonctionnalisation combinées d’hétérocycles d’intérêt à valeur ajoutée dans les sciences des produits naturels et les industries pharmaceutiques et phytosanitaires. Le principe synthétique consiste en l’enchaînement de processus standards élémentaires de transformations chimiques en un seul pot au sein de la sphère catalytique métallique. Un axe de progrès contemporain repose en particulier sur l’incorporation de processus de métallation catalytique de liaisons C-CO2H et C-H. Les travaux de thèse s’inscrivent dans ce jeune domaine de recherche initié au cours de la dernière décennie par plusieurs équipes de recherche dont celle de Jieping Zhu de l’école polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne compte parmi les pionnières et les plus actives. Ils ont visé notamment à implémenter consécutivement aux processus standards de carbopalladation intramoléculaire d’ortho-halogéno allénamides de Grigg de construction d’hétérocycles azotés très variés, d’une part des réactions d’allylation directe de la liaison C-H d’hétérocycles et d’énamides et d’autre part d’allylation décarboxylante d’acides propioliques. Après avoir évalué la réactivité des complexes pi-allypalladium conjugués à un atome d’azote dans la réaction, l’allylation directe de la laison C-H d’oxadiazoles et de 1,3-diazoles à fort caractère acide ainsi que des énamides, des séquences originales de construction et d’hétéroarylation combinées pallado-catalysées d’isoquinolinones et d’indoles ont été établies. Un protocole séquencé conduit en un seul pot et basé sur la génération in situ des allénamides, qui ne sont plus isolées, suivie de la réaction de construction et d’hétéroarylation combinées pallado-catalysée a ensuite été mis au point. Il a été exploité pour la préparation d’indoles, 1(2H)-isoquinoléïnones, isoquinoléïnes mais également des hétérocycles de taille supérieure, benzo-(2H)-azépine et benzo-(2H)-azocine intégrant des oxadiazoles et oxa(thia)zoles. Une première étude d’extension du concept synthétique a finalement été ciblée sur la construction et la propargylation combinée de la large gamme d’hétérocycles azotés obtenus précédemment en utilisant les acides propioliques comme partenaire de couplage. / The design of efficient and eco-friendly atom and step-economical synthetic plans of molecules using highly available starting materials is one of major objectives of organic chemist. Transition metal catalysis has allowed a bold step to build and functionalize consecutively, through a one-pot reaction, major nitrogen-containing heterocycles which are broadly present into numerous natural products, pharmaceutics and agrochemicals. The catalysis is based upon tandem inner-sphere elemental chemical transformations and one of major current challenge is to implement catalytic metallation of C-CO2H and C-H bonds. Involved in this young field of research initiated since the past decade from sevaral groups including pioneering and high active Jieping Zhu team of the Polytechnic School of Lausanne, the present study has been directed towards the design of innovative palladium-catalyzed domino Grigg nitrogen-containing heterocycles building through ortho-halogeno allenamides intramolecular carbopalladation process followed by direct C-H allylation of heterocycles and enamides or direct decarboxylative allylation of propiolic acids. After demonstrating the reactivity of nitrogen-conjugated pi-allypalladium complex in direct C-H allylation of acidic heterocycles, first palladium-catalyzed tandem build and heteroarylation of 1(2H)-isoquinoleinone and indole from ortho-halogeno allenamides was first envisaged. Efforts were next directed to the setting up of a one-pot protocol including in situ generation of allenamide followed by palladium-catalyzed domino building and functionalization of heterocycles. It was then hugely evaluated to the preparation of indole, 1(2H)-isoquinoleinones, isoquinolins as well as high-membred ring heterocycles such as benzo-(2H)-azepine and benzo-(2H)-azocine embedding with oxadiazoles and oxa(thia)zoles. An first extended synthetic concept towards the palladium-catalyzed tandem build and propargylation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles using sevral propiolic acids as coupling partners.

I denna kandidatuppsats har den verkliga bostadsrättsmarknaden studerats ur ett perspektiv inriktat på spekulationsköp av nyproducerade bostadsrätter. Studien omfattar Stockholmsområdet och intervjuer med inblandade aktörer verksamma i områder har legat till grund för undersökningen. Byggbolag, fastighetsmäklare och spekulationsköpare har bistått med information som lett till insyn och fördjupning i spekulationsköpen som pågår av nyproducerade bostadsrätter. Samtliga parter är eniga om att spekulationsköp är vanligt förekommande på dagens bostadsmarknad. Under de senaste två åren har uppemot 30 procent av köpen inom nyproducerade bostadsrätter utgjorts av spekulationsköpare med syfte att göra en ekonomisk vinning. Det stora tidsspannet mellan köp och tillträde, som ofta uppgår till två år, utgör utrymme för bostadens marknadsvärde att stiga rejält i dagens uppåtgående bostadsmarknad. Tre grupper av spekulationsköpare har kunnat urskiljas. Dessa består först och främst av de rutinerade spekulationsköparna med stor koll på bostadsmarknadens prisutveckling. Den andra gruppen består av mer amatörmässiga spekulationsköpare som genom vänner hört hur stora vinster man kan göra. Den tredje gruppen utgörs av fastighetsmäklarna själva som givetvis är väl medvetna om prisutvecklingen, ofta före alla andra, och ser sin chans till snabba pengar. Gemensamt för dessa grupper är att det i hög grad rör sig om yngre män i 30-års åldern med en bra ekonomi. Små bostäder är av högst intresse men även större bostäder till en högre insats är aktuellt för de mer rutinerade köparna. Fastighetsmäklarna spelar en oberoende roll i spekulationsmarknaden, för dem utgör inte spekulationsköpen något problem. För byggherrarna är dock fenomenet problematiskt då det innebär negativa konsekvenser för företaget. Spekulationsköpen resulterar i fler avhopp, utnyttjande av företagens trygghetssystem, missnöjda slutkonsumenter samt en möjlig bidragande faktor till skenande priser och hysteri på bostadsrätter i Stockholm. Byggbolag har vidtagit flertalet åtgärder för att reglera spekulationsköpen. Bland annat förekommer begränsning till max ett pågående köp per kund, krav på lånelöfte, förhöjda kontantinsatser samt svarta interna listor på spekulationsköpare. Fastighetsmäklarna anser att byggbolagen innehar det största ansvaret för reglering av spekulationsköp då det är dem som prissätter bostäderna. Byggbolagen själva anser att ansvaret är fördelat hos flertalet aktörer såsom kommun, lagstiftning, bostadsrättsföreningar samt regleringar hos byggbolagen själva. / In this bachelor thesis the real housing market is studied from a perspective focused on speculative buying of newly built condominiums. The study covers the Stockholm area and interviews with the involved actors operating in this zone have been the basis for the investigation. Construction companies, real estate agents and speculative buyers have provided information that’s aided transparency, and depth of understanding in speculative purchases of newly built condominiums. All parties agree that speculative buying is common in today’s housing market. Over the past two years, up to 30 percent of the purchases of newly constructed condominiums have consisted of speculative buyers out to make a quick profit. The time span between purchase and access, which can be up to two years, allows the property time to react to the current market in Stockholm’s ever-rising housing market. Three groups of speculative buyers have been distinguished; the first group consists primarily of seasoned speculative buyers with a keen eye on price trends and today's housing market. The second group is more amateur, have little experience, but are well informed from friends and acquaintances that large profits can be made. The third group consists of real estate agents, they of course, are well aware of price trends often before anyone else, and see an opportunity for fast profits. Common to all three groups are males in their 30’s, with substantial backing. Smaller condominiums are of greatest interest but also larger ones appear among the more routine buyers. Real estate agents play an independent role in the speculative market, for them the speculative buying is not a problem. For building companies, however, the phenomenon has become problematic because it implies negative consequences for the company. Speculation purchases result in more defections, abuse of security systems, and disgruntled end users - as well as contributing to already soaring house prices in Stockholm. Construction companies have taken several measures to regulate speculative purchases. One of the factors, among others, is the limit of one single on going purchase per customer. Also restricted are increased cash contributions and notably the inclusion of internal black lists used to expose offending buyers. Real estate agents believe that construction companies hold most of the responsibility for the regulation of speculative buying, because they are setting the prices. Construction companies themselves believe that the responsibility is shared by stakeholders such as municipalities, legislation, housing associations – but should also expect internal regulating of their own companies.

In this Dissertation, systematic work has been carried out to study the road-deposited sediment and its adsorbed pollutants from a stormwater pollution perspective. Solid-phase concentration, surface load, source apportionment, risk assessment, and desorption dynamics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and/or heavy metals in road-deposited sediments (RDS) were investigated. In order to provide data to assist potential strategies of stormwater pollution mitigation and integrated catchment management to minimise the adverse impacts of RDS adsorbed pollutants on stormwawter quality, the following specific topics were addressed. ⑴ The influences of traffic load and antecedent dry-weather period on pollution level and ecological risk of heavy metals in RDS were analyzed. ⑵ The build-up dynamics and chemical fractionation of metals were determined. ⑶ The potential source contributions and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in size-fractionated RDS were firstly determined by a Principal component analysis - Multiple linear regression receptor model. ⑷ The qualitative and quantitative source apportionments of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were subsequently investigated through a combined qualitative Molecular Diagnostic Ratio and quantitative Positive Matrix Factorization source apportionment with an extended data set. ⑸ The exposure risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were evaluated and calculated by incremental lifetime cancer risk models. ⑹ Then, a novel ecological risk assessment approach to the RDS adsorbed toxic substances was developed, which was explored exclusively for the study of RDS for a water pollution aspect. ⑺ Finally, the effects of rainwater, major wastewater constituents of dissolved organic matter and surfactant on the leaching of heavy metals from RDS were carried out.

(in English): This diploma thesis examines Scandinavian countries at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries and the changes behind the Napoleonic wars. This study is interdisciplinary and combines history, geo-policy, cultural and area studies. The main attention is dedicated to Norway, which has been in Union with Denmark since the 14th century, but not at an equal position. Danish support of the emperor Napoleon and the Danish affiliation to the Continental blockade caused a famine in Norway, which led to society-wide changes. By the fall of Napoleon Denmark was defeated likewise and must have signed the Kiel Treaty that gave Norway to Sweden. However, the Swedish-Norwegian union was created ten months after, because the Norwegians claimed independence, summoned the parliament, created the constitution and chose the king. Using three different perspectives (cultural, social-economical and historic-political), this diploma analyses the background of the Nordic events, explore reasons for actors' behaviour and examines the determinations of Nordic countries behind these historic occasions. The study uses the framework of Miroslav Hroch's national-build theory and inspects if the Norwegian national-build process reached the level of mass movements and accomplished the conditions to become an...

[ES] La Constitución del Ecuador establece que el acceso a una vivienda digna es un derecho fundamental. Sin embargo, muchos ciudadanos viven en situaciones de riesgo, ya que las edificaciones que habitan no tienen características físicas y/o estructurales adecuadas. Esto se acentúa en la zona rural, en donde la necesidad de casas que cumplan estándares de calidad es en promedio 71, 2% más que las ciudades. En la mayoría de construcciones que se realizan en Ecuador, se usan materiales convencionales como el hormigón, bloques y ladrillos. Por lo que, cubrir la totalidad del déficit de vivienda (665 612 unidades) requiere una gran inversión económica; además, del alto costo ambiental que representaría; ya que, los materiales mencionados tienen consumos energéticos altos desde su producción hasta su puesta en obra. Es evidente entonces que la dotación de vivienda debe hacerse con materiales sustentables y accesibles a la mayoría de la población. Una alternativa es la paja, que es natural, renovable, sumidero de CO2 y biodegradable. En Ecuador se obtienen anualmente 28 754,492 toneladas de paja de trigo y cebada. Con este desecho de la cosecha, se podrían hacer fardos, con los cuales construir casas. Sin embargo, en el país existe muy poco conocimiento de este material y el sistema constructivo que se requiere para edificar de forma técnica y segura. La presente investigación aborda la caracterización física y mecánica de los fardos producidos localmente para determinar su posibilidad de su uso como material de construcción. Además, se realizaron ensayos pseudo-dinámicos a muros portantes realizados con fardos y recubiertos con dos alternativas de mortero. Con los resultados obtenidos, se realizó la modelación estructural de una vivienda tipo, determinando que el desplazamiento lateral relativo de la misma, cumple los estándares de la Norma Ecuatoriana de la Construcción para edificaciones sismo resistentes. También se realizó un análisis económico, determinando que el costo de la vivienda tipo es inferior al valor establecido para casas de interés social en el país. Lo que determina su accesibilidad al segmento poblacional más pobre. Además, se elaboró un manual, que detalla el procedimiento constructivo de la casa tipo, de forma clara y sencilla para hacerlo de fácil entendimiento. / [CA] La Constitució de l'Equador estableix que l'accés a un habitatge digne és un dret fonamental. No obstant això, molts ciutadans viuen en situacions de risc, ja que les edificacions que habiten no tenen característiques físiques i/o estructurals adequades. Això s'accentua en la zona rural, on la necessitat de cases que complisquen estàndards de qualitat és en mitjana 71,2% més que les ciutats. En la majoria de construccions que es realitzen a l'Equador, s'usen materials convencionals com el formigó, blocs i rajoles. Pel que, cobrir la totalitat del dèficit d'habitatge (665 612 unitats) requereix una gran inversió econòmica; a més, de l'alt cost ambiental que representaria; ja que, els materials esmentats tenen consums energètics alts des de la seua producció fins a la seua posada en obra. És evident llavors que la dotació d'habitatge ha de fer-se amb materials sustentables i accessibles a la majoria de la població. Una alternativa és la palla, que és natural, renovable, embornal de CO2 i biodegradable. A l'Equador s'obtenen anualment 28 754,492 tones de palla de blat i ordi. Amb aquesta deixalla de la collita, es podrien fer fardells, amb els quals construir cases. No obstinate això, al país existed molt poc coneixement d'aquest material I el sistema construction que es required per an edificar de manera tècnica I Segura. La present investigació aborda la caracterització física i mecànica dels fardells produïts localment per a determinar la seua possibilitat del seu ús com a material de construcció. A més, es van realitzar assajos pseudo-dinàmics a murs portants realitzats amb fardells i recoberts amb dues alternatives de morter. Amb els resultats obtinguts, es va realitzar el modelatge estructural d'un habitatge tipus, determinant que el desplaçament lateral relatiu d'aquesta, compleix els estàndards de la Norma Equatoriana de la Construcció per a edificacions sisme resistents. També es va realitzar una anàlisi econòmica, determinant que el cost de l'habitatge tipus és inferior al valor establit per a cases d'interés social al país. El que determina la seua accessibilitat al segment poblacional més pobre. A més, es va elaborar un manual, que detalla el procediment constructiu de la casa tipus, de manera clara i senzilla per a fer-ho de fàcil enteniment. / [EN] The Constitution of Ecuador establishes that access to decent housing is a fundamental right. However, many citizens live in risky situations since their buildings do not have adequate physical and structural characteristics. This is accentuated in rural areas, where the need for houses that meet quality standards is, on average, 71.2% higher than in the cities. In most constructions in Ecuador, conventional materials such as concrete, blocks, and bricks are used. Therefore, covering the entire housing deficit (665 612 units) requires a significant economic investment, in addition to the high environmental cost, since the materials have high energy consumption from production to installation. It is evident then that housing must be built with sustainable materials accessible to most of the population. One alternative is straw, which is natural, renewable, a CO2, and biodegradable. In Ecuador, 28 754.492 tons of wheat and barley straw are obtained annually. With this waste from the harvest, bales could be made with which to build houses. However, there needs to be more knowledge of this material and the construction system required to build technically and safely in the country. The present research addresses the physical and mechanical characterization of locally produced bales to determine the possibility of their use as a construction material. In addition, pseudo-dynamic tests were carried out on load-bearing walls made with bales. An economic analysis was also carried out, determining that the cost of the house type is lower than the value established for houses of social interest in the country. This determines its accessibility to the poorest segment of the population. In addition, a manual was prepared detailing the construction procedure of the house type clearly and straightforwardly to make it easy to understand. / Viera Arroba, LP. (2023). Factibilidad constructiva de viviendas con muros portantes de fardos de paja energéticamente eficientes y sismo resistentes en la zona andina del Ecuador [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/196654

Software applications are built by teams of developers that constantly iterate over the codebase. Software projects rely on a build system, which handles the management of dependencies, compilation, testing, and deployment of the software. The execution of the tests during each build allow developers to validate that their changes do not introduce regressions. However, the execution of the test suite during each build can take a long time, potentially impacting the development process. To facilitate quicker feedback, build systems use incremental building in order to avoid the reprocessing of unmodified artifacts. This is achieved by maintaining a cache of source files, and only rebuilding artifacts that differ from their cached version. Yet, changing any part of a source file invalidates the cache, triggering the re-execution of unmodified tests. This focus over an entire file can be misleading to the build system, as it can not determine whether the actual function being tested has changed, thus invoking redundant re-testing. In this thesis, we propose a finer-grained approach to caching within build systems, by caching components within the Abstract Syntax Tree instead of entire source files. We compare their hashes on subsequent runs, in order to identify components that have changed. The potential advantage of this strategy is that re-running a specific test that has not been modified will leverage the use of caches even if the file that contains it has been modified. We implement our approach in a system called TRICORDER, and integrate it within a build system called WARP. TRICORDER works by analyzing RUST source code in order to identify the test cases that have not been changed, such as through the addition of comments, or modifications of unrelated functions. This can benefit developers by avoiding the re-execution of tests that are unmodified. We evaluate our approach against 4 notable, open-source RUST projects, targeting a set of 16 tests within them. We first analyze the accuracy with which TRICORDER detects the internal dependencies of a test function, which is needed for the code slicing done by TRICORDER, in order to cache code items related to the target test function. We then introduce artificial changes to our study subjects in order to determine whether or not TRICORDER indicates tests that need to be re-run. Finally, we analyze the ability of TRICORDER to identify real changes based on the commit history of our study subjects. Our results show that the more granular approach to caching can avoid the unnecessary recompilation and re-execution of test cases. An important direction for future work is to extend the current implementation to support the entire set of RUST features in order to evaluate TRICORDER on a larger set of study subjects. / Programvaruapplikationer byggs av utvecklingsteam som ständigt itererar över kodbasen. Programvaruprojekt förlitar sig på ett byggsystem som hanterar beroenden, kompilering, testning och implementering av programvaran. Utförande av testerna under varje byggprocess möjliggör för utvecklare att validera att deras ändringar inte introducerar regressionsfel. Dock kan utförningen av testsviten under varje byggprocess ta lång tid och potentiellt påverka utvecklingsprocessen. För att underlätta snabbare återkoppling använder byggsystemen inkrementell byggning för att undvika onödig återbearbetning av oförändrade artefakter. Detta uppnås genom att bibehålla en cache av källkodsfilerna och endast bygga om artefakter som skiljer sig från deras cachade version. Att ändra vilken del som helst av en källkodsfil invaliderar cachet och utlöser körningen av oförändrade tester. Fokuseringen på en hel fil kan vara vilseledande för byggsystemet, då det inte kan avgöra om den faktiska funktionen som testas har ändrats och därigenom påbörjar onödig omtestning. I detta projekt föreslår vi en mer detaljerad cache-strategi inom byggsystem, genom att cacha komponenter inom det abstrakta syntaxträdet istället för hela källkodsfiler. Vi jämför deras hash-värden vid senare körningar för att identifiera ändringar. Den potentiella fördelen med denna strategi är när man kör om ett specifikt test som inte har ändrats kan cachen användas även om filen som innehåller testet har modifierats. Vi implementerar vår metod i ett system som kallas TRICORDER och integrerar det i ett byggsystem som heter WARP. TRICORDER fungerar genom att analysera RUST-källkod för att identifiera testfall som inte har ändrats, till exempel genom tillägg av kommentarer eller ändringar av irrelevanta funktioner. Detta kan gynna utvecklare genom att undvika att köra om tester som inte har ändrats. Vi utvärderar vår metod mot 4 välkända öppen källkodsprojekt i RUST och riktar in oss på en uppsättning av 16 tester inom dem. Först analyserar vi noggrannheten med vilken TRICORDER identifierar de interna beroendena hos en testfunktion, vilket behövs för kodavskärningen som TRICORDER utför för att cachelagra kodenheter relaterade till måltestfunktionen. Sedan inför vi konstgjorda ändringar i våra studieobjekt för att avgöra om TRICORDER indikerar tester som behöver köras om. Slutligen analyserar vi TRICORDER förmåga att identifiera verkliga ändringar baserat på ändringshistoriken för våra studieobjekt. Våra resultat visar att den mer granulära cachelagringsmetoden kan undvika onödig omkompilering och omkörning av testfall. En viktig riktning för framtida arbete är att utöka den nuvarande implementationen för att stödja hela uppsättningen av RUST-funktioner för att utvärdera TRICORDER på en större uppsättning studieobjekt. / Aplicațiile software sunt dezvoltate de programatori care iterează constant asupra codului. Proiectele de software se bazează pe un sistem de generare care gestionează dependențele, compilarea, testarea și lansarea software-ului. Execuția testelor permite dezvoltatorilor să valideze că modificările lor nu introduc regresii. Cu toate acestea, execuția testelor în cadrul fiecărei generări poate dura mult timp, având potențialul de a incetinii dezvoltarea. Pentru a facilita o reprocesare mai rapidă, sistemele de generare utilizează construirea incrementală pentru a evita reprelucrarea a artefactelor nemodificate. Acest lucru se realizează prin menținerea unei cache și reconstruirea doar a artefactelor care diferă de cele din cache. Cu toate acestea, orice modificare a unui fișier sursă invalidează cache-ul, declanșând reprocesarea. Focalizarea asupra unui fișier întreg poate induce în eroare sistemul de generare, deoarece nu poate determina dacă funcția testată a suferit modificări, declanșând astfel teste redundante. În această teză, propunem o abordare mai detaliată a cache-ului în cadrul sistemelor de generare, prin cacharea componentelor Arborelui Sintactic Abstract, în locul întregilor fișiere sursă. Comparăm hash-urile acestora în rulările ulterioare pentru a identifica componentele modificate. Avantajul potențial al acestei strategii constă în faptul că reexecutarea unui test care nu a nemodificat va utiliza cache-urile chiar dacă fișierul a fost modificat. Implementăm abordarea noastră într-un sistem numit TRICORDER și îl integrăm într-un sistem de construire numit WARP. TRICORDER funcționează prin analizarea codului sursă RUST pentru a identifica cazurile de testare care nu au fost modificate, cum ar fi prin adăugarea de comentarii sau modificări ale funcțiilor nerelevante. Acest lucru poate fi benefic pentru dezvoltatori, evitând reexecutarea testelor care nu au fost modificate. Evaluăm abordarea noastră în raport cu 4 proiecte notabile open-source în RUST, având în vedere un set de 16 teste în cadrul acestora. Mai întâi, analizăm precizia cu care TRICORDER detectează dependențele interne ale unei funcții de testare, ceea ce este necesar pentru tăierea de cod realizată de TRICORDER, pentru a memora în cache elementele de cod legate de funcția de testare țintă. Apoi, introducem modificări artificiale în subiecții noștri de studiu pentru a determina dacă TRICORDER indică sau nu teste care trebuie reluate. În final, analizăm capacitatea TRICORDER de a identifica schimbări reale pe baza istoricului de angajări al subiecților noștri de studiu. Rezultatele noastre arată că abordarea mai granulară a memorării în cache poate evita recompilarea și reexecutarea inutilă a cazurilor de testare. O direcție importantă pentru viitor este extinderea implementării curente pentru a sprijini întregul set de caracteristici RUST, pentru a evalua TRICORDER pe un set mai mare de subiecți de studiu.

Cette recherche vise à cerner la complexité du concept du soi (heauton) dans la philosophie stoïcienne de l’empereur Marc Aurèle. Dans un premier temps, il s’agira de poser les bases de la physique stoïcienne qui nous permettent de saisir le paradoxe de l’existence d’individualités singulières au sein du grand Tout universel. Nous étudierons, pour ce faire, la théorie corporéiste stoïcienne ainsi que les concepts d’idia poiotês et d’oikeiôsis forgés par l’ancien stoïcisme, mais aussi la prohairesis épictéenne. Cela nous conduira à traiter du concept d’hêgemonikon central dans la conception du soi chez Marc Aurèle. Dans un deuxième temps, nous aborderons les caractéristiques de la partie dirigeante de l’âme par l’entremise de l’étude des disciplines du soi et de son altérité intérieure. Ainsi nous verrons comment le soi ne se présente pas comme un donné fixe, mais comme un espace relationnel en développement constant. Finalement, nous nous pencherons sur la question de la construction du soi, ce qui nous mènera à considérer l’importance du travail sur soi pour l’empereur Marc Aurèle. La problématique qui guidera notre recherche est celle qui vise à saisir ce qui constitue essentiellement le soi alors que celui-ci se présente comme un espace en aménagement constant, ouvert à l’altérité et qui n’est pas donné une fois pour toutes, mais construit. / This research aims to identify the complexity of the concept of the self in the Stoic philosophy of Emperor Marcus Aurelius. First, we will lay the bases of Stoic physics which allow us to grasp the paradox of the existence of singular individualities within the great universal Whole. To do this, we will study the Stoic corporeist theory as well as the concepts of idia poiotês and oikeiôsis forged by ancient Stoicism, but also the Epictean prohairesis. This will lead us to address the concept of hêgemonikon which is central in the conception of the self for Marcus Aurelius. Secondly, we will approach the characteristics of the ruling part of the soul through the study of the disciplines of the self and its interior otherness. Thus, we will see how the self is not a fixed datum, but a relational space in constant evolution. Finally, we will address the question of self-construction, which will lead us to consider the importance of the work on oneself for Emperor Marcus Aurelius. The question that will guide our research is to grasp what essentially constitutes the self when it is presented as a space in constant development, open to otherness and which is not given once and for all but constructed.