O presente estudo teve como objetivo examinar eventuais diferenças das práticas educativas parentais com relação a filhos únicos e primogênitos de famílias com dois filhos. Participaram do estudo 22 famílias, das quais 12 com filhos únicos e 10 com dois filhos. As famílias foram emparelhadas conforme o nível sócio-econômico e pela idade e sexo dos filhos únicos e primogênitos. A idade dos filhos únicos variou entre 4,6 e 6,1 anos (M=5,5; dp=0,51) e a dos primogênitos entre 4,3 e 6,3 anos (M=5,1; dp=0,78). As mães e pais dos dois grupos responderam a uma entrevista sobre práticas educativas parentais. As entrevistas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo. Contrariando a hipótese inicial do estudo, o teste do qui-quadrado somente revelou diferença marginalmente significativa nas práticas de mães e pais com relação ao filho único. De maneira geral, verificou-se semelhança nas práticas educativas entre mães e pais em ambos os grupos de famílias. Os resultados são discutidos à luz da literatura, com vistas a entender os fatores que podem estar contribuindo para explicar as semelhanças das práticas educativas utilizadas para filhos únicos e primogênitos. / The aim of this study was to examine eventual differences in parental child-rearing practices related to only child and first born of two children families. Twenty two families participated in this study, 12 only-child families and 10 two-children families. Families were matched according to socioeconomic level, age and sex of only child and first born. Only children’s age ranged from 4,6 to 6,1 years (M=5,5; sd=0,51) and first borns were aged from 4,3 to 6,3 years (M=5,1; sd=0,78). Mothers and fathers of both groups were interviewed about parental child-rearing practices. Answers were content-analyzed. The hypothesis of the study was not supported. According to chi-square test marginally significant differences were obtained in maternal and paternal child-rearing practices related to only child. Results indicated agreement between mother’s and father’s childrearing practices in both groups. Issues described as determinants of childrearing practices are discussed considering the role of the family in child development.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer um estudo compreensivo clínico das vivências emocionais da gestante de alto risco com o diagnóstico de Diabetes Gestacional (DG). Realizamos a pesquisa no Centro de Parto Humanizado e Obstetrícia do Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo, Francisco Morato de Oliveira (IAMSPE). Fundamentamo-nos na leitura das Obras Completas de Sigmund Freud, Melanie Klein, Donald W. Winnicott, autores que trazem importantes contribuições teóricas para a psicanálise contemporânea. A avaliação foi feita, em entrevistas clínicas antes do nascimento do recém-nascido, com a aplicação do Teste das Relações Objetais de Phillipson, (TRO), técnica projetiva usada como instrumento facilitador do contato terapêutico e mediador do trabalho interventivo no contexto diagnóstico. As gestantes com Diabetes foram acompanhadas até a sala de parto e durante o puerpério, tiveram seguimento, em Consultas Terapêuticas no sentido de buscar suporte e propiciar alívio para o sofrimento de ver o seu bebê recém-nascido, internado em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN). O resultado revelou que este teste, utilizado como mediador do diagnóstico, facilitou a comunicação com o mundo interno da paciente e fez aumentar a compreensão dos problemas vividos pelas gestantes de alto risco com DG. Chegamos à conclusão de que a Compreensão Clínica e as Consultas Terapêuticas são formas de atendimento às gestantes diabéticas que contribuem para a evolução clínica das pacientes e são adequadas ao contexto hospitalar / This assignment has as a goal the comprehensive clinical study of the emotional experience of righ risk pregnant women with the diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GD). We performed this research consulting the Humanized Pregnant and Obstetric Center of Hospital of Publish State Servant of São Paulo, Francisco Morato de Oliveira- IAMSPE. We based our thesis on Sigmund Freud, Melanie Klein and Donald W, Winnicott, authors who have given an important contribution to contemporary psychoanalysis. The evaluation was performed in clinical interwies before the birth of the baby with the application of the Objective Relations Test, by Phillipson (ORT). This is a projective technique used as a facilitator instrument for therapeutic contact and as a mediator process of the interventive work, as well as the diagnostic source. The diabetic pregnant women were accompanied to the delivery room and during the puerperal they had follow up in Therapeutic Consultations with the aim to support and relieve the suffering of seeing their newly born babies in a New born Intensive Therapy Unite (UTIN). The results revealed that this test, used as a process mediator, facilitated communication with the internal world of the patient and the understanding of anxiety experienced by the high risk patients with gestational diabetes. We reached the conclusion that the Clinical Understanding and Therapeutic Consultant are forms of dealing with diabetic pregnant women, making the clinical evolution easier and the Test (ORT) are also appropriated to a hospital context

"This book presents profiles of sixteen individuals born and raised in countries other than America who voluntarily joined the revolutionary cause. Each profile discusses personal experiences that influenced the volunteer leader's decision to fight for the fledgling country, the sacrifices endured for the benefit of the Revolutionary Cause, and the unique talents each contributed to the war effort." --OCLC WorldCat Contents: Global citizen "adopts" America: zealous Philip Mazzei -- Farmer of thoughts: Thomas Paine -- Haym Salomon: financial hero -- Frontier savior: patriot Francis Salvador -- "I serve the country for nothing": the indestructible John Barry, father of the American navy -- Dunkirk pirate: the exploits of Gustavus Conyngham -- Going in harm's way: the adventures of John Paul Jones -- The versatile, yet forgotten, George Farragut -- Charting his own course: the life of Pierce Butler -- Thaddeus Kościuszko: prince of tolerance -- The daring and dastardly Charles Armand -- Hungarian Hussar Michael Kovats -- Sacrifical warrior Baron Johann de Kalb -- Thunderbolt of war: Count Casimir Pulaski -- Washington's one-man army: Peter Francisco -- The revolutionary pedagogy of drillmaster Baron Friedrich Wiilhelm von Steuben. / https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1043/thumbnail.jpg

This thesis presents a series of electron impact ionization measurements on the gas phase targets of argon and krypton. The (e,2e) coincidence technique has been employed to measure the triple differential cross section (TDCS) using a new coincidence spectrometer designed to operate in the low energy regime (2 to 5 times the ionization energy) and in the coplanar geometry. The spectrometer is a conventional device utilizing a non-energy selected electron gun and two 1800 hemispherical electron analysers fitted with channel electron multipliers for detection of the outgoing electrons. A series of TDCS measurements were performed on the 3s inner-valence and 3p valence orbitals of argon employing coplanar asymmetric kinematics. Measurements for both orbitals were performed at an incident energy of 113.5 eV, ejected energies of 10, 7.5, 5 and 2 eV and a scattering angle of -15°. The energy of the scattered electron in each case was chosen to satis~' energy conservation and is dependent on the ionization energies of the different orbitals. The experimental cross sections are compared to theoretical TDCS calculations using the distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) and variations of the DWBA in an attempt to investigate the role that post collisional interaction (PCI), polarization and electron exchange play in describing the TDCS in the low energy regime. To further extend this analysis, a series of TDCS measurements were performed on the 3s and 4s. orbitals of argon and krypton, respectively, employing coplanar symmetric kinematics. Measurements were performed for the 3s orbital at outgoing energies of 50, 20, 10 and 4eV and for the 4s orbital at outgoing energies of 85, 50, 20 and 10 eV. The kinematics were chosen to coincide with several of the (e,2e) measurements made in the same geometry on the 3p orbital of argon by Rouvellou et al (1998). The experimental results were again compared to a DWBA calculation and similar variations to those employed for the asymmetric measurements.

L'approximation de Born-Oppenheimer consiste à traiter de manière semi-classique l'équation de Schrödinger associée à une molécule en utilisant la petitesse du rapport de masse entre électrons et noyaux. Nous montrons que pour un type générique de presque croisement de codimension 1 de deux surfaces d'énergie électroniques, la propagation d'un paquet d'ondes nucléaire gaussien associé à l'une des surfaces est gouvernée par une formule du type Landau-Zener. Par ailleurs, dans le cadre de l'équation de Schrödinger stationnaire unidimensionnelle et en situation de croisement générique de deux courbes d'énergie, nous construisons des quasimodes par intégration d'un paquet d'ondes gaussien propagé le long d'une trajectoire classique périodique associée à l'une des deux courbes d'énergie.

Le travail a pour objet l'étude numérique de l'interaction entre un écoulement et une onde acoustique dans l'eau. Lorsqu'une onde traverse une zone de vorticité de l'écoulement, elle subit une diffusion. Il est alors possible en recueillant l'onde diffusée d'obtenir des renseignements intéressants sur les écoulement insonnés. Cette méthode a ainsi été utilisée expérimentalement comme un moyen de mesure non-intrusif d'écoulements tourbillonnaires ou turbulents. On développe dans un premier temps la théorie de l'interaction entre une onde et un écoulement. On se propose pour cela de résoudre le problème de Neumann associé par une méthode intégrale pour le calcul de la pression acoustique diffusée. On compare la méthode avec celle décrite dans les travaux de Lund et Rojas qui proposent une formule analytique liant linéairement la vorticité et la pression diffusée dans l'espace de Fourier, dans le cadre de l'approximation de Born en champ lointain. Par comparaison avec les études expérimentales, on explique comment on peut retrouver les caractéristiques essentielles de l'écoulement dans le cas de l'allée de Von Karman, à l'aide d'une analogie avec les réseaux de diffraction optiques. On valide ensuite ces hypothèses avec le code de calcul développé, dans le cas d'une allée obtenue à l'aide d'un modèle analytique, ou à l'aide de codes de calcul d'écoulement fondés sur une méthode particulaire ou de volumes finis. La méthode d'analyse est ensuite appliquée au cas du tourbillon seul. On montre qu'on peut remonter à la mesure des ses caractéristiques principales: taille, intensité et vitesse. On étudie ensuite le cas du tourbillon marginal derrière un profil d'aile tridimensionnel et on s'intéresse enfin à un modèle analytique d'écoulement modélisant le sillage à l'arrière d'un sous-marin.

As globalization facilitates trade across geographical borders, more and more small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) take the opportunity to internationalize, sometimes even immediately after their start-up. To enhance our understanding of how SMEs internationalize, this dissertation investigates different means of interaction that SMEs employ in foreign business relationships to develop the experiential knowledge needed for further internationalization. The investigated interaction means are high-commitment internationalization modes, low-commitment internationalization modes, business network relationships, personal network relationships, and personal interaction. Based on qualitative, longitudinal data from eight born global SMEs in the biotech field and a questionnaire survey of 188 SMEs from various industries, results show how different groups of firms apply different interaction means to develop experiential knowledge and internationalize. In particular, the results show that differences in the backgrounds of founders and managers strongly influence the means that different groups of SMEs use when interacting with foreign business counterparts. Moreover, interaction of high quality and quantity, in the form of personal interaction, reduces uncertainties and supports the development of trust and experiential knowledge in internationalizing SMEs. Personal interaction is also shown to be an especially important interaction means for firms that develop new products or new technologies in collaboration with foreign customers. Building on these results, the dissertation contribute to the development of theory about the influence of interaction on the experiential knowledge development and internationalization of SMEs in general and rapidly internationalizing SMEs in particular.

Vi har i den här rapporten valt att undersöka hur svenska små och medelstora företag som exporterar till Baltikum har påverkats utav finanskrisen. Vi har analyserat detta utifrån ett resursbaserat synsätt med syfte att beskriva vilken resursbas respektive företag besitter, analysera hur finanskrisen inverkat på företagen samt i vilken utsträckning de omvärderat potentialen på de baltiska marknaderna. Vidare ämnar vi ge rekommendationer gällande vilken resursbas som i störst utsträckning kan hantera en omvärldsförändring i likhet med finanskrisen i Baltikum.  För att kunna uppfylla detta syfte har vi arbetat utefter en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och utarbetat en flerfallstudie där vi intervjuat fyra företag i Kalmarregionen. Den teoretiska referensram vi tagit utgångspunkt i är Barneys resursbaserade synsätt samt välkända internationaliseringsteorier så som; Inkrementell process, Nätverksmodellen, Internationellt Entreprenörskap samt i viss mån Born Global. Vidare belyser vi teorier gällande prestation utifrån objektiva och subjektiva mått. Därefter har vi integrerat samtliga teorier i en teoretisk syntes som legat till grund för vår analys. I analysen förenas vår teoretiska syntes med empirin och en diskussion förs gällande vilken resursbas våra fyra företag besitter utifrån vår definition utav resurser i syntesen. Vidare analyseras hur krisen inverkat på företagen och i vilken utsträckning de omvärderat potentialen på marknaden utifrån de mått utav prestation som definierats i syntesen. Med utgångspunkt i vår analys har vi dragit slutsatsen att en kombination utav relationsresurser och kunskapsresurser har varit mest optimalt för att hantera krisen i Baltikum. Vi har styrkt detta med det faktum att undersökningsföretaget Trebema innehar dessa resurser och i störst utsträckning kunnat hantera finanskrisen.

Research pertaining to the role of active online internationalization (AOI) in the context of Born Globals has been shown to be an under-researched area of study. This compelled us to explore the possible benefits and challenges that may come from pursuing AOI for Swedish Born Globals. Our theoretical framework combined literature concerning Born Globals and their rapid internationalization with the notion of learning advantages of newness and literature regarding AOI into a theoretical model. Our theoretical investigation displayed a lack of research dealing with the potential challenges of AOI; with the virtuality trap of Yamin and Sinkovics (2006) being the exception. Through abductively analyzing qualitative data collected from four Swedish Born Globals with our theoretical model, we arrived at a number of empirically testable propositions that highlight the effects of using AOI for Swedish Born Globals. Our analysis leads to the conclusion that there are more challenges for Swedish Born Globals pursuing AOI than previously identified by present literature.

The fully quantum mechanical 'direct-potential-fit' (DPF) method has become increasingly widely used in the reduction of diatomic spectra. The central problem of this method is the representation of the potential energy and Born-Oppenheimer breakdown (BOB) correction functions. There are a number of problems associated with the existing method and potential forms. This thesis delineates these problems and finds solutions to some of them. In particular, it is shown that use of a different expansion variable and a new treatment of some of the expansions resolves most of the problems. These techniques have been successfully tested on the ground electronic states of the coinage metal hydrides and the Rb2 molecule. To address the problem of representing 'barrier' potential curves, a flexible new functional form, the 'double-exponential long-range' (DELR) potential function, is introduced and applied to the B barrier state of Li2. In addition, the Lambda-doubling level splitting which occurs for singlet Pi electronic states has been taken into account by extending the effective Schrodinger equation. The computer program DSPotFit developed in our laboratory for performing DPF analyses has been extended to incorporate the ability to fit the analytical potential energy functions to tunneling predissociation line widths for quasibound levels. Finally, an attempt is made to investigate whether there exists a hump in the ground state rotationless potential curve of beryllium hydride.