This doctoral dissertation thesis has impact to holistically development extension of information systems. Thesis has impact to analytical models and its transformation methods. This thesis is focused on models Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) and Business Object Relational Modeling (BORM). Model BPMN is developed since 2000. Model BORM is developed since 1993 and it is older. The thesis general target was extension of holistically development of information systems. The main target was to bridge the gap between BPMN and BORM models. This thesis was inspired by Finite State Machine (FSM). The state of the art describes approaches to models transformation. In the analytical part the mathematical formula are used to describe transformation. This part is used to base for the implementation part. The implementation part contains transformation algorithm its description and verification on the case studies. Impact of developed transformation method is validated on the comparison with the other approaches. The targets were aimed and documented automated transformation calculus. The impact of automated BPMN and BORM models connection using transformation method. The result is method of automated transformation from BPMN model to BORM model using algorithm. The transformation method is based on the Mealy automaton.

Para permitir um efetivo gerenciamento de processos de negócio, o primeiro passo é o desenvolvimento de modelos de processo adequados aos objetivos das organizações. Tais modelos são utilizados para descreverem papéis e responsabilidades dos colaboradores nas organizações. Além disso, a modelagem de processos é de grande importância para documentar, entender e automatizar processos. As organizações, geralmente provêm documentos não estruturados e de difícil entendimento por parte dos analistas. Neste panorama, a modelagem de processos se torna demorada e de alto custo, podendo gerar modelos de processo que estão em desacordo com a realidade prevista pelas organizações. A extração de modelos ou fragmentos de processo a partir de descrições textuais pode contribuir para minimizar o esforço necessário à modelagem de processos. Neste contexto, esta dissertação propõe uma abordagem para identificar elementos de processo de negócio em texto em linguagem natural de forma semiautomática. Baseado no estudo de processamento de linguagem natural, foi definido um conjunto de regras de mapeamento para identificar elementos de processo em descrição textual Além disso, para avaliar as regras de mapeamento e viabilizar a abordagem proposta, foi desenvolvido um protótipo capaz de identificar elementos de processo em texto de forma semiautomática. Para medir o desempenho do protótipo proposto, foram utilizadas métricas de recuperação de informação, tais como precisão, revocação e medida-F. Além disso, foram aplicados dois questionários com o objetivo de verificar a aceitação perante os usuários. As avaliações apresentam resultados promissores. A análise de 70 textos, apresentou, em média, 73,61% de precisão, 70,15% de revocação e 71,82% de medida-F. Além disso, os resultados do primeiro e segundo questionários apresentaram, em média, 91,66% de aceitação dos participantes. A principal contribuição deste trabalho é propor regras de mapeamento para identificar elementos de processo em texto em linguagem natural para auxiliar e minimizar o tempo necessário à modelagem de processos realizada pelos analistas de processo. / To enable effective business process management, the first step is the design of appropriate process models to the organization’s objectives. These models are used to describe roles and responsibilities of the employees in an organizations. In addition, business process modeling is very important to report, understand and automate processes. However, the documentation existent in organizations about such processes is mostly unstructured and difficult to be understood by analysts. In this context, process modeling becomes highly time consuming and expensive, generating process models that do not comply with the reality of the organizations. The extracting of process models from textual descriptions may contribute to minimize the effort required in process modeling. In this context, this dissertation proposes a semi-automatic approach to identify process elements in natural language text. Based on the study of natural language processing, it was defined a set of mapping rules to identify process elements in text. In addition, in order to evaluate the mapping rules and to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach, a prototype was developed able to identify process elements in text in a semiautomatic way To measure the performance of the proposed prototype metrics were used to retrieve information such as precision, recall, and F-measure. In addition, two surveys were developed with the purpose of verifying the acceptance of the users. The evaluations present promising results. The analyses of 70 texts presented, on average, 73.61% precision, 70.15% recall and 71.82% F-measure. In addition, the results of the first and second surveys presented on average 91.66% acceptance of the participants. The main contribution of this work is to provide mapping rules for identify process elements in natural language text to support and minimize the time required for process modeling performed by process analysts.

Para permitir um efetivo gerenciamento de processos de negócio, o primeiro passo é o desenvolvimento de modelos de processo adequados aos objetivos das organizações. Tais modelos são utilizados para descreverem papéis e responsabilidades dos colaboradores nas organizações. Além disso, a modelagem de processos é de grande importância para documentar, entender e automatizar processos. As organizações, geralmente provêm documentos não estruturados e de difícil entendimento por parte dos analistas. Neste panorama, a modelagem de processos se torna demorada e de alto custo, podendo gerar modelos de processo que estão em desacordo com a realidade prevista pelas organizações. A extração de modelos ou fragmentos de processo a partir de descrições textuais pode contribuir para minimizar o esforço necessário à modelagem de processos. Neste contexto, esta dissertação propõe uma abordagem para identificar elementos de processo de negócio em texto em linguagem natural de forma semiautomática. Baseado no estudo de processamento de linguagem natural, foi definido um conjunto de regras de mapeamento para identificar elementos de processo em descrição textual Além disso, para avaliar as regras de mapeamento e viabilizar a abordagem proposta, foi desenvolvido um protótipo capaz de identificar elementos de processo em texto de forma semiautomática. Para medir o desempenho do protótipo proposto, foram utilizadas métricas de recuperação de informação, tais como precisão, revocação e medida-F. Além disso, foram aplicados dois questionários com o objetivo de verificar a aceitação perante os usuários. As avaliações apresentam resultados promissores. A análise de 70 textos, apresentou, em média, 73,61% de precisão, 70,15% de revocação e 71,82% de medida-F. Além disso, os resultados do primeiro e segundo questionários apresentaram, em média, 91,66% de aceitação dos participantes. A principal contribuição deste trabalho é propor regras de mapeamento para identificar elementos de processo em texto em linguagem natural para auxiliar e minimizar o tempo necessário à modelagem de processos realizada pelos analistas de processo. / To enable effective business process management, the first step is the design of appropriate process models to the organization’s objectives. These models are used to describe roles and responsibilities of the employees in an organizations. In addition, business process modeling is very important to report, understand and automate processes. However, the documentation existent in organizations about such processes is mostly unstructured and difficult to be understood by analysts. In this context, process modeling becomes highly time consuming and expensive, generating process models that do not comply with the reality of the organizations. The extracting of process models from textual descriptions may contribute to minimize the effort required in process modeling. In this context, this dissertation proposes a semi-automatic approach to identify process elements in natural language text. Based on the study of natural language processing, it was defined a set of mapping rules to identify process elements in text. In addition, in order to evaluate the mapping rules and to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach, a prototype was developed able to identify process elements in text in a semiautomatic way To measure the performance of the proposed prototype metrics were used to retrieve information such as precision, recall, and F-measure. In addition, two surveys were developed with the purpose of verifying the acceptance of the users. The evaluations present promising results. The analyses of 70 texts presented, on average, 73.61% precision, 70.15% recall and 71.82% F-measure. In addition, the results of the first and second surveys presented on average 91.66% acceptance of the participants. The main contribution of this work is to provide mapping rules for identify process elements in natural language text to support and minimize the time required for process modeling performed by process analysts.

Un réseau mobile ad hoc (Mobile Ad hoc Network, MANET) est un réseau sans fil, formé dynamiquement par un ensemble d'utilisateurs équipés de terminaux mobiles, sans l'utilisation d'une infrastructure préexistante, ou d'une administration centralisée. Les équipements utilisés dans les MANETs sont limités par la capacité de la batterie, la puissance de calcul et la bande passante. Les utilisateurs des MANETs sont libres de se déplacer, ce qui induit à des topologies dynamiques dans le temps. Toutes ces contraintes ajoutent plus de challenges aux protocoles et services de communications afin de fonctionner dans les MANETs. L'évolution des réseaux de 4ème génération (4G) est appelée à intégrer les MANETs avec les autres types de réseaux afin d'étendre leurs portées. Nous nous sommes intéressés dans la première partie de cette thèse à quelques challenges connus dans les MANETs en proposant des solutions novatrices utilisant des propriétés intéressantes des topologies de graphes. Dans un premier temps, nous avons effectué une étude sur la prédiction de la mobilité afin de maintenir une topologie d'ensemble dominant connecté dans les MANETs. Nous avons proposé dans un autre travail comment construire des topologies de graphes ayant des propriétés globales en se basant seulement sur des informations locales des nœuds mobiles. Ces topologies servent comme overlay aux MANETs. Nous avons proposé des algorithmes distribués pour construire des alliances offensives et défensives globales minimales. Nous avons aussi défini des heuristiques pour ces algorithmes afin de réduire les tailles des alliances obtenues. La première partie de cette thèse est achevée par la proposition d'un framework pour la conception et l'analyse des protocoles de contrôle de topologie dans les MANETs. Nous avons identifié les points communs des algorithmes de contrôle de topologie conçus pour les réseaux mobiles ad hoc et nous avons enrichi le simulateur NS-2 avec un ensemble d'extensions pour supporter le contrôle de topologie / We are interested in this thesis to graph-based approaches to deal with some challenges in networking, namely, graph topologies of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and process model matchmaking in large scale web service. We propose in the first part: (1) a generic mechanism using mobility information of nodes to maintain a graph topology of the network. We show particularly, how to use the prediction of future emplacements of nodes to maintain a connected dominating set of a given MANET. (2) distributed algorithms to construct minimal global offensive alliance and global defensive alliance sets in MANETs. We also introduce several heuristics to get a better approximation of the cardinality of the alliance sets which is a desirable property for practical considerations. (3) a framework to facilitate the design and evaluation of topology control protocols in MANETs. We propose in the framework, a common schema for topology control based on NS-2 simulator and inspired from the commonalities between the components of the topology control algorithms in MANETs. In the second part, we focus on process model matchmaking. We propose two graph-based solutions for process model inexact matching to deal with high computational time of existing work in the literature. In the first solution, we decompose the process models into their possible execution sequences. After, we propose generic graph techniques using string comparator metrics for process model matchmaking based on this decomposition. In order to get better optimization of the execution time and to deal with process model matching in large scale web services, the second solution combines a spectral graph matching with structural and semantic proposed approaches. This solution uses an eigen-decomposition projection technique that makes the runtime faster

Business process models are an important source of information for the development of information systems. However, changes in the environment can a ect the way business processes are performed. In order to obtain models that re ect the changes it is necessary to continuously check between model and reality. Good business processes need to be up-to-date and automated to represent the organizational environment. Thus, it is of paramount importance to represent adequately variability in Business Process Models. Representing and con guring business processes variability for a speci c organization allows the proper execution of processes. In addition, dynamic environment calls for exible con guration processes that can meet stakeholders' goals. However, selecting a con guration for business process is a challenging activity. Even though current approaches allow the representation of variability of business process models, the selection of business variants in a given context remains a challenging issue. In this proposal, we advocate the use of Non-Functional Requirements (NFR) and context-awareness information to drive the con guration of process models at run-time. We propose a model-driven business process con- guration approach called Business process Variability Con guration with Contexts and NFRs (BVCCoN), approach that keeps the variability representation, con guration knowledge and contextual information separated from the business process models. We illustrate the BVCCoN model and process through examples. The evaluation of our proposal is based on a simulation assessment. / Submitted by João Arthur Martins (joao.arthur@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-12T18:46:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese Emanuel Santos.pdf: 4118681 bytes, checksum: f565640ea4362fd5c2f2c8f9197b9e47 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-12T18:46:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese Emanuel Santos.pdf: 4118681 bytes, checksum: f565640ea4362fd5c2f2c8f9197b9e47 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-10 / Modelos de processos de neg ocios s~ao uma importante fonte de informa c~ao para o desenvolvimento de sistemas de informa c~ao. No entanto, as mudan cas no ambiente podem afetar a forma como os processos de neg ocios s~ao realizados. A m de obter modelos que re etem as mudan cas e necess ario o alinhamento entre o modelo e a realidade. Processos de neg ocios bons precisam ser atualizados e automatizados para representar o ambiente organizacional. Assim, e de suma import^ancia representar adequadamente a variabilidade em Modelos de Processo de Neg ocio. Representar e con gurar a variabilidade em processos de neg ocio de uma organiza c~ao espec ca permite a execu c~ao adequada dos processos. Al em disso, o ambiente din^amico exige processos de con gura c~ao ex veis que possam atender os objetivos das partes interessadas. No entanto, selecionando uma con gura c~ao para o processo de neg ocio e uma atividade desa adora. Mesmo que as abordagens atuais permitam a representa c~ao da variabilidade dos modelos de processos de neg ocios, a sele c~ao de variantes de neg ocios em um determinado contexto continua a ser uma quest~ao a ser explorada. Nesta proposta, defendemos o uso de Requisitos N~ao Funcionais (RNF) e informa c~oes de contexto para conduzir a con gura c~ao de modelos de processos em tempo de execu c~ao. Propomos uma abordagem orientada a modelos para a con gura c~ao de processos de neg ocios chamada BVCCoN, a abordagem mant em a representa c~ao variabilidade, conhecimentos de con gura c~ao e informa c~ao contextual separados dos modelos de processos de neg ocios. A avalia c~ao da proposta baseia-se numa an alise de simula c~ao, assim como uma compara c~ao com algumas outras obras relevantes.

The diploma thesis deals with the issue of business process optimization in the company Antee s.r.o. The author has been working for this company for two years and he got a lot of experience with this kind of business processes. The business process optimization is very actual topic in every company because there are always many opportunities for its improvement. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the current status of business processes in the company Antee s.r.o. Then design their optimization for solving tasks much faster. The business process analysis is focused only on Helpdesk department. The contribution of the work is primarily in analyzing selected business processes and the usage of the proposal in the process. The introduction of the proposed solution should reduce the number of requests handled by Helpdesk as well as to offer customers a new service options.

This dissertation focuses on the re-use of business process reference models, available in a business process model warehouse, to enable the definition of more comprehensive business requirements. It proposes a business process model warehouse framework to promote the re-use of multiple business process reference models and the flexible visualisation of business process models. The critical success factor for such a framework is that it should contribute to minimise to some extent the causes of inadequate business requirements. The proposed framework is based on an analogy with a data warehouse framework, consisting of the following components: usage of multiple business process reference models as source models, the conceptual design of a process to extract, load and transform multiple business process reference models into a repository, a description of repository functionality for managing enterprise architecture artefacts, and motivation of flexible visualisation of business process models to ensure more comprehensive business requirements. / Computer Science (School of Computing) / M.Sc. (Information Systems)

This study explores complexity metrics for business artifact process models described by Case Management Model and Notation (CMMN). Process models are usually described using Business Process Management (BPM), which is a relatively mature discipline with a large number of practitioners. Over the last few decades a new way of describing data intensive business processes has emerged in BPM literature, for which traditional BPM is no longer adequate. This emerging method, used to describe more flexible processes, is called business artifacts with Guard-Stage-Milestone (GSM). The work on GSM influenced CMMN, which was created to fill a market need for more flexible case management processes for knowledge workers. Complexity metrics have been developed for traditional BPM models, such as the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN). However, traditional BPM is not suitable for describing GSM or CMMN process models. Therefore, complexity metrics developed for traditional process models may not be applicable to business artifact process models such as CMMN. This study addresses this gap by exploring complexity metrics for business artifact process models using CMMN. The findings of this study have practical implications for the CMMN standard and for the commercial products implementing CMMN. This research makes the following contributions: • The development of a formal description of CMMN using first-order logic. • An exploration of the relationship between CMMN and GSM and the development of transformation procedures between them. • A comparison between the method complexity of CMMN and other popular process methods, including BPMN, Unified Modeling Language (UML) Activity diagrams, and Event-driven Process Charts (EPC). • The creation of a systematic literature review of complexity metrics for process models, which was conducted in order to inform the creation of CMMN metrics. • The identification of a set of complexity metrics for the CMMN standard, which underwent theoretical and empirical validation. This research advances literature in the areas of method complexity, complexity metrics for process models, declarative processes, and research on CMMN by characterizing CMMN method complexity, identifying complexity metrics for CMMN, and exploring the relationship between CMMN and GSM. / School of Computing / Ph. D. (Computer Science)

全球消費者需求快速改變，產品生命週期明顯縮短，不允許過多的存貨屯積，故產品的配送傾向於「少量、多樣、快速」的配送服務，企業希望擁有一個高效率的國際物流服務網路來提供企業在供應鏈管理上更有效率的監督與管控。 　　就國際物流（Global Logistics）來說，海運業者是否能共享正確即時（real time）的資訊，正是其關鍵成功因素。而海運產業中各角色資訊與資源的整合，有賴於企業建構其電子化企業的應用系統架構藍圖；因此，海運產業除了建構企業電子化之應用資訊系統外，更應著重於各系統間的整合與資料交換，發展或利用適當的資料整合與交換技術；對海運而言，系統整合不僅僅是應用系統間資料的交換，更應達到與流程緊密的搭配，才能真正完成進出口流程電子化、資訊與資源共享等目標。然而，各應用系統間資料模式的不一致性、資料交換的不即時性，也為資料交換帶入雪上加霜的困境。 　　有鑑於此，本研究以「個案研究」方式提出一個利用流程分析，建構海運跨組織企業流程模型。主要作法為從海運企業個案營運流程的分析，利用IDEF0與IDEF3方法定義海運產業企業流程模型，並且整合各不同企業流程。透過個案資訊架構分析，提出適合海運業跨組織資料交換之資訊架構，並以此資訊架構改善各企業流程，最後整合改善後流程模型，建置海運跨組織進出口流程模型。

隨著環境的快速變革以及資訊科技的突飛猛進，一般民眾對政府單位服務水準的要求日趨嚴苛，傳統的作業流程在作業品質以及反應時間上似乎漸漸無法滿足於民眾，是故流程再造的風潮日益蔓延於政府單位當中。而在資訊科技(以下簡稱IT)被日益重視的當今，在流程再造裡亦扮演越來越重要的角色，IT從之前支援性角色，乃至今日已漸漸成為主導推動再造之關鍵因素。透過探究IT的應用性，可以達成大刀闊斧功效的全面性變革，而IT可如何、於何發揮再造效益，則可透過流程模型清楚地描繪出。 因此，本研究提出一以流程模型與IT為主軸之流程再造方法，並舉一政府事業單位之個案為例，透過IDEF0、IDEF3等流程模型勾勒現有模型，再透過深入探討現有流程之斷層與缺口，進而思索IT可發揮之處，從而進行全面而又具流程合理性之流程調整。此外，並透過流程圖學之基礎，來推論BPR前後之相對效益，以做為落實推動流程再造時之量化效益參考。最後，期此方法能讓欲進行流程再造者有參考依循之對象，以解決許多人在茫茫再造學說之中而不知如何進行之窘境。