The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore professional social workers perceptionson cultural competence. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionalsocial workers from different municipalities in Sweden. The interviews were analyzed usingthematic analysis and social constructivism as a theoretical framework along with theoreticalconcepts such as; culturally sensitive social work and cultural competence, professional roleand cultural capital.The result of the study shows that professional social workers experience several factors inwhat affects cultural competence. Further the result shows that cultural competence can varydepending on the personal experiences and on cultural belonging. The professional socialworkers experienced a lack of prerequisites in acquiring cultural competence in the practicalsocial work but also in the social education.The professional social workers stated that the cultural competence was something that theindividual needed to acquire on their own initiative - either based on interaction withindividuals of cultural diversity or by their own studies.

В современном информационном пространстве все чаще мы слышим о значимости такого феномена как волонтёрство для развития городов, отдельных регионов, стран и мирового сообщества в целом. Все больше говорят, пишут о тех масштабах, которые охватывают это явление, о той пользе, которую несет данное общественное движение человеческому обществу. Магистерская диссертация изучает уровень влияния потенциала волонтёрского движения на подготовку конкурентоспособного специалиста. Гипотеза исследования базируется на предположении о том, что потенциал волонтёрского движения оказывает влияние на подготовку конкурентоспособного специалиста путем формирования компетенций и качеств личности. Для подтверждения данной гипотезы было проведено социологическое исследование, проведен анализ динамики развития волонтёрского движения в Свердловской области и Уральском федеральном университете. В практической части диссертации произведен анализ результатов проведенного исследования, предложены организационная структура волонтёрского центра в Уральском федеральном университете, предложены нормативно-правовые и методические рекомендации для создания системы волонтёрского движения в ВУЗе, представлена программа по формированию общекультурных компетенций участников волонтёрского движения. В заключении подведены итоги в соответствии с поставленными задачами. / In the modern information space we more often hear about the significance of such a phenomenon as volunteering for urban development, individual regions, countries and the world community as a whole. More and more they say, write about those scales that cover this phenomenon, the benefits that brings this social movement in human society. Master's thesis examines the potential impact of volunteer movement level in training of competitive expert. The hypothesis of investigations is based on the assumption that the potential volunteer movement has an impact on training the competitive expert by forming of competencies and personality qualities. Sociological research was conducted to confirm this hypothesis, the dynamics of the volunteer movement was analyzed in the Sverdlovsk region and the Ural Federal University. In the practical part of the thesis were analyzed the results of the research, was proposed organizational structure of the volunteer center in the Ural Federal University, were proposed normative and methodical regulations for the creation of volunteer movement in the university, was presented the program for the organization of common cultural competence of volunteer movement’s participants.

Диссертация посвящена анализу социально-политического и языкового аспекта иммиграции в США. В первой главе рассматриваются законодательные основы иммиграционной политики, поднимается вопрос о присвоении статуса «иммигранта», анализируется социальная парадигма иммигрантского населения США на текущий момент и выделяются основные группы иммигрантов в США. Вторая глава описывает специфику образовательной среды в США, а также в ней приводятся основные документы и рекомендации, представленные Министерством образования США, по обучению детей иммигрантов и детей с недостаточным уровнем владения английским языком. В третьей главе представлен анализ учебного пособия, в настоящее время используемого для обучения детей иммигрантов. Также в главе трактуется понятие «компетенция», выделяются ключевые компетенции, необходимые для успешного овладения английским языком. / The master’s thesis is devoted to the analysis of social, political, and linguistic aspects of immigration in the USA. The first chapter deals with the legal foundation of immigration policy, reveals the truth hidden behind the immigrant’s status, depicts today’s social paradigm of immigrants and classifies them into groups. The second chapter highlights peculiar features of American educational environment and presents the main documents and recommendations provided by the Ministry of Education concerning teaching children of immigrants and children with lower command of English. The third chapter analyzes the textbook used for teaching children of immigrants. The chapter also explains the term “competence” and provides key competences for English learners.

The paper deals with the theoretical foundations of extracurricular activities at the University, the existing methods of formation of general cultural competencies in the extracurricular environment of the University. Moreover, it characterises extracurricular activities at URFU, with the focus on artistic groups, determining their structure and potential. The analysis of general cultural competences formation in artistic groups at University is carried out. The activities to be included in the workplan of the artistic group in order to form general cultural competences of students are analyzed. The thesis proposes a competence-oriented workplan for artistic groups at University, aiming at the formation of general cultural competences. / В работе рассмотрены теоретические основы внеучебной деятельности университета, существующие способы формирования общекультурных компетенций во внеучебной среде университета, дана характеристика внеучебной деятельности УрФУ, в частности творческих коллективов. Это позволило определить потенциал деятельности творческого коллектива и его структуру. Проведен анализ формирования общекультурных компетенций в творческих коллективах университета. Проанализированы мероприятия, которые могут быть включены в программу работы творческого коллектива на предмет формирования общекультурных компетенций у студентов. Диссертация содержит компетентностно-ориентированной программу работы творческого коллектива университета, позволяющую формировать общекультурные компетенции.

BakgrundPå grund av olika omständigheter tvingas allt fler människor fly från sina ursprungsländer, vilket leder till att allt fler länder blir mångkulturella. Ett mångkulturellt samhälle återspeglas i sin tur inom hälso- och sjukvården. Sjuksköterskor ställs inför stora utmaningar i vården av patienter som har andra kulturella bakgrunder. Därför är det viktigt att sjuksköterskor är kulturellt kompetenta samt kan kommunicera med patientersom inte har samma språk och kultur. SyfteSyftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelser av transkulturell omvårdnad bland vuxna patienter. MetodEn litteraturöversikt som är baserad på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar genomfördes. Insamlingen av data gjordens genom att använda databaser PubMed och CINAHL ResultatResultatet av studien påvisade att sjuksköterskor står inför flera utmaningar inom området transkulturell omvårdnad vilken inkluderar bristande kulturkompetens, kommunikationsbarriärer, fördomar och individuella värderingar. Det blev tydligt att tillräcklig kulturell kompetens, effektiv kommunikation, respekt och ett välkomnande bemötande utgör betydande och avgörande faktorer för att kunna tillhandahålla meningsfull och värdig omvårdnad till patienter med en annan kulturell bakgrund. SlutsatsSjuksköterskor står inför utmaningar i vården av patienter med olika kulturella bakgrunder, vilket kan leda till osäkerhet och missförstånd. För att säkerställa kvalitativ vård behöver sjuksköterskor öka sin kunskap om transkulturell omvårdnad och utveckla effektiva kommunikationsstrategier. / Background Due to various circumstances, more and more people are forced to flee their countries of origin, which leads to more and more countries becoming multicultural. A multicultural society is in turn reflected in health care. Nurses are faced with great challenges in the care of patients who have other cultural backgrounds. Therefore, it is important that nurses are culturally competent and able to communicate with patients who do not share the same language and culture. AimThe purpose was to describe the nurse's experiences of transcultural nursing among adult patients. MethodA literature review based on 15 scientific articles was conducted. The collection of data was done by using databases PubMed and CINAHL ResultsThe results of the study showed that nurses face several challenges in the field of transcultural nursing which include lack of cultural competence, communication barriers, prejudices, and individual values. It became clear that sufficient cultural competence, effective communication, respect, and a welcoming attitude are significant and decisive factors in being able to provide meaningful and dignified care to patients with a different cultural background. ConclusionsNurses face challenges in caring for patients from different cultural backgrounds, which can lead to uncertainty and misunderstanding. To ensure quality care, nurses need to increase their knowledge of transcultural nursing and develop effective communication strategies.

This thesis contributes to our understanding of cognitive interoperability by explor-ing barriers, facilitators, and contextual factors to create a framework. With the ad-vent of the cognitive domain in warfighting, the adversary pursuit of military strate-gic advantage through cognitive science demands that we seize the initiative and seek cognitive superiority with allies and partners. Prior research acknowledges the importance of human interoperability but is limited to singular studies at the opera-tional and national level. This thesis shifts focus to the military strategic and multi-national level to uncover cognitive and cultural inhibitors and enablers of cognitive interoperability. The empirical data is drawn from a distinct case study that examines senior military officers during a combined exercise. The analysis explores compe-tencies that foster strategic empathy and collective intentionality with identity and human connectivity as major catalysts. Individuals are agents who collectively con-struct cognitive interoperability, setting conditions for cognitive dominance in future military competition.

Bakgrund: Vård i livets slut innebär en ofta svår och komplex vårdsituation med många faktorer som skall tas hänsyn till för att främja livskvalitet och en värdig död. I en globaliserad värld med ökad migration och mångkulturalism sker transkulturella möten i vården allt oftare. Detta betyder att vårdpersonal kommer möta människor från andra kulturella bakgrunder med skilda tankar om vad hälsa och sjukdom innebär. Detta ställer särskilda krav på sjuksköterskors kulturkompetens, då det ingår i det professionella ansvaret att tillgodose vård i livets slut som är personcentrerad. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva vårdpersonals erfarenheter av transkulturella möten vid vård i livets slut. Metod: Tio kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar inom ämnet samlades in från databaserna CINAHL Complete och PubMed, för att sedan sammanställas i en litteraturöversikt. Resultat: Fyra huvudteman och fyra subteman identifierades totalt. “Kulturell kunskap och kompetens hos vårdpersonal” innehöll två subteman: “Osäkerhet och bristande kunskap” och “Strategier och förhållningssätt”. “Kulturens betydelse vid vård i livets slut” samt “Vårdpersonals kommunikation med patienter och deras anhöriga” var enskilda huvudteman. Slutligen var det fjärde huvudtemat “Familjen- och anhörigas centrala roll”, som innehöll två subteman: “Samverkan med familj och anhöriga” och “Stöd från familj och anhöriga”. Sammanfattning: Transkulturella möten vid vård i livets slut kan innebära en utmanande vårdsituation för vårdpersonal. Hänsyn till kulturella faktorer är emellertid viktig för att bevara värdigheten för patienter som befinner sig i livets slut. Litteraturöversikten belyser ett behov av utbildning för att stärka vårdpersonals kulturkompetens samt ett behov av förbättrade verktyg som kan stödja kommunikation vid förekomst av språkbarriärer. / Background: Care at the end of life can often mean a difficult and complex care situation with many factors that must be considered to promote quality of life and a dignified death. In a globalized world with increased migration and multiculturalism, transcultural encounters in a care context will occur more often. This means that health personnel will meet people from other cultural backgrounds with different ideas about what health and illness are. This places special demands on nurses' cultural competence, as it is part of the professional responsibility to provide end-of-life care that is person-centred and culturally adapted. Aim: The aim was to describe health personnel’s experiences of transcultural encounters during care at the end of life. Method: Ten qualitative scientific articles in the subject were collected from the databases CINAHL Complete and PubMed, and then compiled in a literature review. Results: Four main themes and four sub-themes were identified. "Cultural knowledge and competence of health personnel" contained two sub-themes: "Uncertainty and lack of knowledge" and "Strategies and approaches". "The importance of culture in care at the end of life" and "Health personnel’s communication with patients and their relatives" were individual main themes. Finally, the fourth main theme was "The central role of family and relatives", which contained two sub-themes: "Cooperation with family and relatives" and "Support from family and relatives". Summary: Transcultural encounters in care at the end of life can be challenging for health personnel. Cultural consideration is however important to preserve dignity of patients at the end of life. This literature review highlights a need for education to strengthen health personnel's cultural competence as well as a need for improved tools for communication in the presence of language barriers.

Bakgrund: År 2022 var flyktingsantalet i världen större än någonsin. Enligt svensk lag har flyktingar samt migranter rätt till hälso- och sjukvård precis som patienter med svenskt medborgarskap. Hälso- och sjukvården ska bedrivas på lika villkor och sjuksköterskan har som ansvar att arbeta efter kärnkompetenserna för att ge en god omvårdnad oberoende förekomsten språkligabarriärer.  Syfte: Syftet var beskriva språkbarriärers inverkan på omvårdnad utifrån sjuksköterskan och den immigrerande patientens perspektiv. Metod: Metoden var en kvalitativ litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats. Brukade databaser; Cinahl, PubMed och psycINFO. Sökningen gav 14 resultatartiklar publicerade mellan 2012-2022 som kvalitets-granskades och analyserades med Fribergs femstegsmodell. Resultat: Resultatet utgörs av tre huvudteman och tio subteman. Patienter med språkligabarriärer upplevde otrygghet i mötet med vården. Språkbarriärerna påverkade kvalitén på omvårdnaden och patientsäkerheten äventyrades. Kulturell kompetens förbättrade kommunikationen, patientsäkerhet och den personcentrerade omvårdnaden.  Slutsats: Språkbarriärer påverkade kvalitén och säkerheten i vården. Bristerna resulterade i vårdskador, ökat lidande, uteblivna eller felaktiga behandlingar, på grund av utebliven information i vårmötet. Den immigrerande patienten löper där med alltid en ökad utsatthet för risker inom vården. Trotts att tolken är den bästa kommunikationsbryggan mellan sjukvården och den immigrerande patienten brukas den med fördel för vården snarare än patienten. / Backgrund: Year 2022, the number of refugees in the world was greater than ever. According to Swedish law, refugees and migrants have right to healthcare as patients with Swedish citizenship, and aims to be provided equally for the entire population. Nurses have the responsibility to provide good care regardless of encountered language barriers. Aim: The purpose was to describe the impact of language barriers on nursing care from the perspective of the nurse and the immigrant patient. Method: The method used was a qualitative literature review with an inductive approach. Article searches were performed in Cinahl, Pubmed and PsycINFO. 14 quality-reviewed articles between 2012-2022 were used and analyzed with Friberg´s 5-step model.  Results: In the results three main themes emerged with ten subthemes. Patients with language barriers experienced anxiety and insecurity when meeting with healthcare providers.  Language barriers jeopardized the quality of  care and patient safety. Cultural competence was important when establishing communication, safer care and person-centered care. Conclusion: Language barriers affected the quality and patient safety.  Medical injuries, increased suffering or incorrect treatments were the consequences. The immigrant patient is constantly at risk. Interpreters were essential in communication with the immigrant patient. Interpreters were mainly used in service for the healthcare system rather than the patient.

No description available.

<p>Introduction</p> <p>Canadian health and social service systems need to adapt to new challenges posed by the unique primary health care (PHC) needs of recent immigrant families. Community-based service providers are the first to experience changing responsibilities. Providers in communities with limited experience in working with immigrants may benefit from shared skills and modeled cultural competencies when working with new arrivals.</p> <p>Purpose</p> <p>This case study describes how a set of community-based service organizations addressed the PHC needs of recent immigrant families with young children living within a mid-sized urban centre in Atlantic Canada. The roles of organizational brokers and of <em>competence trust</em> among service providers were examined to determine their influence on the capacities of the service network overall.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Methods from social network analysis and descriptive qualitative inquiry were applied in this study. Organizational ecology contructs framed the research questions and propositions. An intersectoral approach to PHC was adopted to define the services network. Results derived from the network survey and key informant interviews were triangulated to develop a final interpretation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The study network constituted a relatively cohesive group of service providers. Network participation became more selective depending on the issue experienced by families. Network interactions were facilitated by broker organizations; some brokers actively engaged in the development of cultural competency capacities among network members. Trust in the other provider organization’s cultural competencies (<em>competence trust</em>) with recent immigrant families positively influenced the quality of working relationships.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Broker organizations can play a significant role in network capacity development through the promotion of cultural competencies in partnering organizations and by making connections across service sectors. The cultural competence of partnering organizations is an important pre-condition of trust for service providers committed to the needs of recent immigrant families. Having trusting relationships among providers can facilitate exchange and enable access to services. Nurses have the potential to participate in the advancement of culturally competent service systems.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)