Orientador: Wilza Carla Spiri / Resumo: Introdução: uma das atividades fundamentais, no trabalho de Enfermagem, é a passagem de plantão, a qual é crucial para a garantia da continuidade das ações que estão sendo dispensadas aos pacientes. Nesse sentido, a comunicação torna-se indispensável para que as equipes consigam planejar e executar bem suas atividades, adotando um fluxo adequado de comunicação com canais bem estruturados, facilitando o funcionamento das rotinas assistenciais e administrativas. Objetivo: descrever o processo de validação semântica de um instrumento de passagem de plantão utilizando a metodologia SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation). Método: trata-se de estudo metodológico para construção e validação de um instrumento de passagem de plantão. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica abrangente sobre a ferramenta SBAR e elaboração do instrumento de passagem de plantão. O instrumento foi validado em março de 2019 por dez juízes da área de ensino e assistência. Posteriormente o instrumento foi aplicado na enfermaria de Gastroenterologia cirúrgica, do hospital cenário da pesquisa no mês de fevereiro de 2019, por 11 técnicos de enfermagem que compõem o quadro funcional dessa enfermaria e que responderam um questionário avaliando o instrumento validado para a passagem de plantão. As análises foram realizadas considerando a estatística descritiva. Resultados: os resultados demonstram que os juízes foram constituídos por mulheres (80%), com média de idade de 42,5 anos e tempo de profissã... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Introduction: one of the fundamental activities in nursing work is the change of shift, which is crucial to guarantee the continuity of the actions that are being dispensed to patients. In this sense, communication becomes indispensable for teams to plan and execute their activities, adopting an adequate flow of communication with well-structured channels, facilitating the functioning of care and administrative routines. Aim: to describe the process of semantic validation of a change of shift instrument using the SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation). Method: This is a methodological study for the construction and validation of a change of shift instrument. A comprehensive bibliographic review was done on the SBAR tool and preparation of the change of shift instrument. The instrument was validated by ten judges from the academic and assistance area. Afterwards, the instrument was applied to the surgical gastroenterology ward of the research scenario by 11 nursing technicians who compose the functional picture of this ward and who answered a questionnaire evaluating the validated instrument for the change of shift. The analyzes were performed considering the descriptive statistics. Findings: the results show that the judges consisted of women (80%), with a average of age of 42.5 years and a profession of 16 years, 40% of professors and 30% of managers and assistants, with graduation (40% ), doctorate (30%), specialization (20%), master's degree and post-doctora... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

La trame générale de ces travaux de recherche concerne la modélisation et l'implantation de systèmes d'interconnexions optiques à forte bande-passante spatiale et temporelle. Nous présenterons une suite de résultats au niveau des modèles, des applications et des réalisations prototypales. L'origine de ces travaux est une étude sur les connexions optiques en espace libre permettant de modéliser des opérations de calcul optique parallèle (telles que la multiplication matricielle), débouchant sur une classe d'opérations plus générale mettant en jeu un réseau d'interconnexions non-invariantes spatialement entre plans de données. Cette étape a permis d'évaluer, tant qualitativement que quantitativement, l'apport de la synergie entre la synthèse numérique d'éléments optiques diffractants (HSO) et les modulateurs spatiaux de lumière (MSL) à cristal liquide, dans le but de réaliser des dispositifs de traitement optique spatial dynamique de l'information. L'étape suivante traite des interconnexions dynamiques entre fibres optiques monomodes, débouchant naturellement sur la conception de dispositifs d'aiguillage et de commutation pour les réseaux de transmission optiques dorsaux multiplexés en longueur d'onde (WDM). A ce niveau, les contraintes principales portent sur les temps de commutation requis −inférieurs à la milliseconde− et les capacités de plusieurs dizaines de voies spatiales indépendantes. Au niveau de l'implantation prototypale, nous avons poussé le plus loin possible le concept d'holographie digitale dynamique sur MSL à cristal liquide, aboutissant à la conception et l'intégration de plusieurs générations d'aiguilleurs de bandes optiques performants (jusqu'à 64 voies spatiales). Par la suite, devant la nécessité de développer des règles d'ingénierie sur les anneaux et les réseaux maillés WDM, je me suis impliqué dans l'évaluation et le développement d'outils de simulation photonique concernant les dispositifs de commutation et de brassage transparent de canaux optiques. Je présente enfin les axes de recherche ayant émergé plus récemment, centrés sur le dimensionnement et l'intégration de réseaux locaux utilisant l'optique comme canal de propagation sans fil à très haut débit et à impact sanitaire et environnemental réduit.

This study was conducted at a special school for children with autism and developmental disabilities. The study consists of three interviews where pedagogues have different experiences of working with children in need of special support. The aim is to get an idea of how teachers think about working with children autism, but above all to find out what methods and educational tools that are used, and why they are used to best motivate students to a rewarding education. Sense of coherence (SOC) is a central concept and a theoretical basis of the study relating to the student to create comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness in life. All of these three are essential for the student to find a predictable environment. From the result shows how schools and teachers use different methods and different tools, but both have a focus to help the student find motivation in the learning process. Pedagogues mentions three pedagogical tools where two of them get a little more space in the paper. The pedagogues tell how they think about the various tools and intention of these in the process of helping the student in the quest to find the motivation and meaningfulness in school and life. It is important to highlight the need for special education for children with special needs where special school is an institution that offers expertise in this. Something that makes a big impression is the discussion of how education and training should be tailored along each student's abilities and needs. The pedagogue dialogue is easy to attach to the policy in their operations, curriculum for special school (2011). One pedagogue also expresses this to be a living document which will also serve as support staff in the business.

In this dissertation, the transformer management system has been developed to monitor transformer over loading and generate warning message in conduit mapping management system (CMMS) of Taipower company. The transformer over loading prediction is performed by both offline and online modes. Performs the transformer loading estimation by using the customer monthly energy consumption in customer information system (CIS) and the connectivity attributes of transformer and customers served in CMMS system of Taipower company. The daily load curve of distribution transformer is derived considering the typical daily load patterns which have been developed in load survey study. The warning message will be generated when the peak loading estimated is lager then the transformer rated capacity. To enhance the accuracy of transformer attributes in CMMS system, the transformer phasing measurement system (TPMS) and the connectivity identification system to identify all of the customers served by each transformer are developed. It is difficult to receive the 1 pulse per second signal form global positioning system for timing synchronization of TPMS measuring units for phasing measurement of transformers located in basement, the temperature compensated crystal oscillation with Fuzzy calibration algorithm is used to maintain the timing synchronization within 10o deviation for measurement period of 2 hours. To solve the incorrect problem of transformer and customer connectivity in CMMS, the power line carrier technology is applied in the design of connectivity measurement system for the identification of customers served by the transformer. The peak loading of transformer is estimated by including the temperature effect and the overloading flag of transformer is displayed on the CMMS automatic mapping system. For the online TLM system, the embedded transformer terminal unit is developed for the real time measurement of transformer loading and insulation oil temperature. For the transformer with abnormal operation condition, the alarm signals will be generated and transmitted to the TLM master station via hybrid communication system for the activation of demand response function to execute the load shedding control of customer loads.

Capacity improvement of Wireless Communication Systems is a very important area of current research. The goal is to increase the number of users supported by the system per unit bandwidth allotted. One important way of achieving this improvement is to use multiple antennas backed by intelligent signal processing. In this thesis, we present methods for blind separation of co-channel BPSK signals arriving at an antenna array. These methods consist of two parts, Constellation Estimation and Assignment. We give two methods for constellation estimation, the Smallest Distance Clustering and the Maximum Likelihood Estimation. While the latter is theoretically sound,the former is Computationally simple and intuitively appealing. We show that the Maximum Likelihood Constellation Estimation is well approximated by the Smallest Distance Clustering Algorithm at high SNR. The Assignment Algorithm exploits the structure of the BPSK signals. We observe that both the methods for estimating the constellation vectors perform very well at high SNR and nearly attain Cramer-Rao bounds. Using this fact and noting that the Assignment Algorithm causes negligble error at high SNR, we derive an upper bound on the probability of bit error for the above methods at high SNR. This upper bound falls very rapidly with increasing SNR, showing that our constellation estimation-assignment approach is very efficient. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the usefulness of the bounds.

Ultra wideband (UWB) communications has been a subject of much discussion over the last decade. The method of UWB has had a hard time to establish itself among other methods such as Bluetooth and WiFi but as internet of things (IoT) gains a foothold in our daily lives, UWB has presented some new application areas. These application areas are, among other things, self driving cars, energy efficient data transfer, health care applications, sensor networks and real time location systems. This project aims to use UWB communications to real-world applications, specifically, electrocardiography (ECG) - an application in health care in this project, and develop a prototype for the application. The prototype consists of two Android smart phones and two UWB modules (EVK1000 evaluation kits from DecaWave, Inc). Each smartphone connects a UWB module so that the two smart phones, one as sender and the other as receiver, can communicate directly through UWB radios. This is intended to serve as a proof-of-concept that UWB devices are well suited for short range data transfer applications. The result achieved by the project is an android application along with sending and receiving programs for the development boards by Decawave and additional information regarding UWB and its uses. The results also include a comparison of UWB, Bluetooth and WiFi as of todays standard. The goal of the project is to learn how android applications are programmed, how UWB is used in todays technology and how to program and use development boards presented by companies. The prototype has been built and shown that 12-lead simulated ECGsignals from the sender can be transfered to the receiver through the UWB communications. The work includes programming (in C) the two UWB modules for UWB communications, and Java for the android applications (programs) on the smart phones. The Android application is handling transmission of ECG signals to the sending UWB module and then receiving them from the receiving UWB module as well as displaying them on the receiver. The future work to continue the present project is to replace the sending smart phone by an ECG device that sends real ECG signals.

Orientador: Reginaldo Palazzo Junior / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T09:02:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cavalcante_RodrigoGusmao_D.pdf: 1972914 bytes, checksum: 6cdc127efe5cbfcb242fe471138f03f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Em geral, o espaço EucIidiano é utilizado no projeto e na análise de desempenho da maior parte dos sistemas de comunicações atuais. Nesta tese, verificamos que o modelo de um sistema de comunicação não necessariamente está restrito ao espaço Euclidiano, mas sim a uma variedade Riemanniana. Com isso, os sistemas de comunicaçoes podun ser analisados em um contexto mais geral, no qual constatamos que a curvatura do espaço influencia em seus desempenhos. Corno exemplo, estudamos a curvatura de meios ópticos e propomos novos perfis de guias de ondas, fibras ópticas e lentes de interesse prático. Além disso, caracterizamos a curvatura de modulações não-lineares (twisted) e verificamos que o valor máximo permitido para a energia média do ruído está relacionada ao valor da curvatura da modulação. Neste contexto, as moclulações associadas a superfícies mínimas apresentaram bons desempenhos, pois tais modulações são pontos críticos do erro quadrático médio. Mostramos também que o espaço de sinais possui métrica induzida da superfície associada à modulação. Com isso, foi possível demonstrar que os espaços de sinais com curvatura negativa são os que apresentam melhor desempenho segundo a probabilidade média de erro. Dessa forma, alguns exemplos de constelações de sinais geometricamente uniformes foram construídos e analisados em variedades Riemannianas. Finalizamos este trabalho notando que na maioria das vezes que o espaço hiperbólico é utilizado nos blocos ele um sistema ele comunicações, o desempenho desse sistema tende a se aproximar do ponto ótimo de operação / Abstract: ln general, the Euclidian space is used in the design and performance analysis in most of the current communication systems. ln this thesis, we note that the model of a communication system is not necessarily restricted to the Euclidian space, more precisely, the model can be linked to Riemannian manifolds. Thus, the communication systems could be analyed in a broader context, in which the curvature of space influence on their performance. As an example, we studied the curvature of optical medium and propose new profiles of waveguides, optical fibers and lenses of practical interest. Moreover, we have characterized the curvature of twisted modulations and found that the maximum value allowed for the average energy of noise is related to the value of the curvature of the modulation. ln this context, the modulation associatecl with minimal surfaces showed good performance, because these modulations are critical points of minimum the mean-square error. VVe show that the signal space has induced metric associated with surface of the modulation. Thus, we have shown that the signal space with negative curvature is the space where the average error probability decrease a function of the curvature. Thus, some examples of geometrically uniform signal constellations were constructecl and analyzed on Riemannian manifolds. Finally we note that most of the time that hyperbolic space is considered in blocks of a communication system, then the performance of this system tends to be closer to the optimum point of operation / Doutorado / Telecomunicações e Telemática / Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica

[pt] À medida que os sistemas de comunicações móveis e de rádiodeterminação que utilizam satélites não geo-estacionários de órbitas baixas e médias ganham importância no cenário mundial de comunicações, torna-se cada vez mais necessário o conhecimento do ambiente de rádio- propagação, seu comportamento e a inter-relação entre os seus diversos aspectos e parâmetros. Em função de características dos dispositivos de comunicações utilizados em tais sistemas, como transmissores de baixa potência e antenas de baixo ou médio ganho, esses sistemas operam com margens de desvanecimento relativamente baixas. A literatura descreve uma técnica de simulação para estimação de margens de desvanecimento em diversos tipos de ambiente baseada em fotografias obtidas com a utilização de câmaras providas de lentes grande-angulares. Na presente dissertação, apresenta-se uma variante da metodologia original, onde se propõe a substituição da base de dados original por mapas digitais da topografia, combinada com bases de dados de edificações e de um modelo para a vegetação. Apresenta-se, ainda, a estrutura da simulação computacional utilizada para processar e analisar tais arquivos, os dados de entrada da simulação e um módulo que representa a dinâmica orbital, utilizado para prever as posições dos satélites. Finalmente, apresentam-se e analisam-se os resultados obtidos com a presente simulação. Analisa-se, também, a influência da variação dos diversos fatores que compõem os dados de entrada da simulação nos resultados obtidos. / [en] As land-mobile satellite systems and radio-determination systems get more importance in the global telecommunications scenario, it becomes even more necessary to understand the radio-propagation environment: its behavior and the inter-relationship between its several aspects and physical parameters. Due to the communications devices characteristics used in these systems, such as low-power transmitters and low/medium gain antennas, such systems operate with relatively low fade margins. The technical literature describes a simulation technique to estimate fade margins in various types of environments, based on the processing of photographs acquired by digital cameras utilizing fisheye lenses. In this dissertation, an alternate methodology is presented. It is proposed that the original database of photographs be substituted by digital elevation models combined with building databases and a vegetation model. The computer simulation structure used to process and analyzes these databases, the input simulation data, and an orbital dynamics model used to update the satellite positions are also described. Finally, the obtained simulation results are presented and analyzed. It also discusses the influence of several factors which characterize different urban regions and non geostationary orbit satellite networks in the obtained results.

Abstract According to industry estimates, monthly global mobile data traffic will surpass 30.6 exabytes by 2020 and global mobile data traffic will increase nearly eightfold between 2015 and 2020. Most of the mobile data traffic is generated by smartphones, and the total number of smartphones is expected to continue growing by 2020, which results in rapid traffic growth. In addition, the upcoming 5G networks and Internet of Things based communication are estimated to involve a large amount of network traffic. The increase in mobile data traffic and in the number of connected devices poses a challenge to network operators, service providers, and data center operators. If the transmission capacity of the network and the amount of data traffic are not in line with each other, congestion may occur and ultimately the quality of experience degrades. Mobile networks are also becoming more reliant on data centers that provide efficient computing power. However, the energy consumption of data centers has grown in recent years, which is a problem for data center operators. A traditional strategy to overcome these problems is to scale up the resources or by providing more efficient hardware. Resource over-provisioning increases operating and capital expenditures without a guarantee of increased average revenue per user. In addition, the growing complexity and dynamics of communication systems is a challenge for efficient resource management. Intelligent and resilient methods that can efficiently use existing resources by making autonomous decisions without intervention from human administrators are thus needed. The goal of this research is to implement, develop, model, and test algorithms that can enable efficient and energy-aware network resource management in autonomous communications systems. First, an energy-aware algorithm is introduced for high-performance computing data centers to reduce the energy consumption within a single data center and across a federation of data centers. For network access selection in heterogeneous wireless networks, two algorithms are proposed, a client side algorithm that tries to optimize users' quality of experience and a network side algorithm that focuses on optimizing the global resource usage of the network. Finally, for a video service, an algorithm is presented that can enhance the video content delivery in a controllable and resource-efficient way without major changes in the mobile network infrastructure. / Tiivistelmä Langattoman tietoliikenteen nopean kasvun ennustetaan jatkuvan edelleen lähivuosinakin ja alan teollisuuden arvioiden mukaan matkapuhelinliikenteen määrä ylittäisi globaalisti 30,6 eksatavua vuoteen 2020 mennessä. Tämä tarkoittaisi liikennemäärän kahdeksankertaistumista ajanjaksolla 2015–2020. Älypuhelimet tuottavat suurimman osan matkapuhelinliikenteestä, ja älypuhelimien lukumäärän arvioidaan jatkavan kasvuaan vuoteen 2020 saakka, mikä johtaa nopeaan liikenteen kasvuun. Tämän lisäksi arvioidaan, että 5G verkot ja esineiden Internet tuottavat suuren määrän verkkoliikennettä. Matkapuhelinliikenteen ja laitteiden määrän kasvu tuo haasteita verkko-operaattoreille, palvelun tarjoajille, ja datakeskusoperaattoreille. Mikäli verkossa ei ole tarpeeksi siirtokapasiteettia dataliikenteen määrää varten, verkko ruuhkautuu ja lopulta palvelukokemus kärsii. Matkapuhelinverkot tulevat myös tulevaisuudessa tarvitsemaan datakeskusten laskentakapasiteettia. Datakeskusten energiankulutus on kuitenkin kasvanut viime vuosina, mikä on ongelma datakeskusoperaattoreille. Perinteinen strategia ongelmien ratkaisemiseksi on lisätä resurssien määrää tai tarjota tehokkaampaa laitteistoa. Resurssien liiallinen lisääminen kasvattaa kuitenkin sekä käyttö- että pääomakustannuksia ilman takuuta siitä, että keskimääräinen myyntitulo per käyttäjä kasvaisi. Tämän lisäksi tietoliikennejärjestelmät ovat monimutkaisia ja dynaamisia järjestelmiä, minkä vuoksi tehokas resurssienhallinta on haastavaa. Tämän vuoksi tarvitaan älykkäitä ja kestäviä metodeja, jotka pystyvät käyttämään olemassa olevia resursseja tehokkaasti tekemällä autonomisia päätöksiä ilman ylläpitäjän väliintuloa. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena on toteuttaa, kehittää, mallintaa, ja testata algoritmeja, jotka mahdollistavat tehokkaan ja energiatietoisen verkkoresurssien hallinnan autonomisissa tietoliikennejärjestelmissä. Tutkimus esittää aluksi supertietokonedatakeskuksiin energiatietoisen algoritmin, jonka avulla voidaan vähentää energiankulutusta yhden datakeskuksen sisällä sekä usean eri datakeskuksen välillä. Verkkoyhteyden valintaan heterogeenisissä langattomissa verkoissa esitetään kaksi algoritmia. Ensimmäinen on käyttäjäkohtainen algoritmi, joka pyrkii optimoimaan yksittäisen käyttäjän palvelukokemusta. Toinen on verkon puolen algoritmi, joka keskittyy optimoimaan verkon kokonaisresurssien käyttöä. Lopuksi esitetään videopalvelulle algoritmi, joka parantaa videosisällön jakoa kontrolloidusti ja resurssitehokkaasti ilman että matkapuhelinverkon infrastruktuurille tarvitaan muutoksia.

Avec l’essor du Web 2.0 et des technologies collaboratives qui y sont rattachées,le Web est aujourd’hui devenu une vaste plate-forme d’échanges entre internautes.La majeure partie des sites Web sont actuellement soit dédiés aux interactionssociales de leurs utilisateurs, soit proposent des outils pour développer ces interactions.Nos travaux portent sur la compréhension de ces échanges, ainsi que desstructures communautaires qui en découlent, au moyen d’une approche sémantique.Pour répondre aux besoins de compréhension propres aux analystes de siteWeb et autres gestionnaires de communautés, nous analysons ces structures communautairespour en extraire des caractéristiques essentielles comme leurs centresthématiques et contributeurs centraux. Notre analyse sémantique s’appuie notammentsur des ontologies légères de référence pour définir plusieurs nouvelles métriques,comme la centralité sémantique temporelle et la probabilité de propagationsémantique. Nous employons une approche « en ligne » afin de suivre l’activitéutilisateur en temps réel, au sein de notre outil d’analyse communautaire Web-Tribe. Nous avons implémenté et testé nos méthodes sur des données extraites desystèmes réels de communication sociale sur le Web / With the rise of Web 2.0 and collaborative technologies that are attached to,the Web has now become a broad platform of exchanges between users. The majorityof websites is now dedicated to social interactions of their users, or offerstools to develop these interactions. Our work focuses on the understanding of theseexchanges, as well as emerging community structures arising, through a semanticapproach. To meet the needs of web analysts, we analyze these community structuresto identify their essential characteristics as their thematic centers and centralcontributors. Our semantic analysis is mainly based on reference light ontologiesto define several new metrics such as the temporal semantic centrality and thesemantic propagation probability. We employ an online approach to monitor useractivity in real time in our community analysis tool WebTribe. We have implementedand tested our methods on real data from social communication systemson the Web