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11	Odpovědnost zaměstnance za škodu / Liability of the employee for damage Cozl, Marek January 2021 (has links) Liability of the employee for damage Abstract The content of this thesis is the issue of employee's liability for damage caused to employer. The topic of the thesis is constantly relevant, as it concerns a large number of people, because in the first quarter of 2020 more than four million employees were registered in the Czech Republic. The issue of employee's liability for damage, respectively its compensation is a very sensitive topic for employees, as compensation for damage, for example in the amount of several monthly incomes, is a significant intervention in the economic situation of almost every employee. In addition, the regulation of employee liability for damage, given its long- term strong protection of employees, can have an impact on the labor market, as employers are often exposed to the significant risk of damages they may demand from employees. As a result, employers may prefer other forms of cooperation than on the basis of an employment contract. The aim of the thesis was to give a clear and comprehensive interpretation of the institute of employee's liability for damage, to analyze this institute in detail and analyze the legal regulation of various types of employee's liability for damage in connection with selected relevant case law, and finally to provide partial proposals de lege...
12	Poškozený v trestním řízení a jeho ochrana / Injured party in criminal proceedings Uriková, Aneta January 2019 (has links) An injured party in criminal proceedings and his/her protection Abstract This Master's thesis is devoted to the analysis of the procedural rights and protection afforded to the injured party in criminal proceedings. This Master's thesis is divided into six chapters. The first chapter focuses on the analysis of the historical developments of the status of the injured party in criminal proceedings in the Czech law. The analysis commences with the Austro-Hungarian criminal procedural code no. 119/1873 Coll., the Czech Criminal code of 1950, its subsequent novelization in 1956 and the current Czech criminal code no. 141/1961 Coll., all the cited laws had a significant impact on the status of the injured party in criminal proceedings. The second chapter is dedicated to defining the term injured party, both via a negative and positive definition. Furthermore emphasis is placed on the distinction between the definition of the injured party from the perspective of Article 43 of the criminal procedural code, as such an injured party has the right to claim damages against the accused defendant and thus such an injured party might concurrently have the status of a subject in adhesion proceedings, and the injured party which does not have a right to claim damages. The third chapter is focused on defining the term...
13	Legal Consequences Derived from the Violation of Exit Labor Stability by the Employer / Consecuencias Jurídicas Derivadas de la Infracción a la Estabilidad Laboral de Salida por Parte del Empleador Puntriano Rosas, César Alfredo 10 April 2018 (has links) After a conceptual overview of the scope of the right to job stability, its relationship with other rights (right to work, right to access to employment, right to maintain employment) and its constitutional, international and legal regulation and the position of jurisprudence, the author goes on to discuss the complex picture presented to the employer before a decision to dismiss both from a legal perspective (compensation, replacement) and case law (damages, replacement) adding a paragraph called “others” the recount administrative consequences arising from said measure both labor (SUNAFIL) and tax (SUNAT) viewpoint. / Luego de un breve repaso conceptual de los alcances del derecho a la estabilidad laboral, su relación con otros derechos (derecho al trabajo, derecho de acceso al empleo, derecho a conservar el empleo) y su regulación constitucional, internacional y legal, así como la posición de la jurisprudencia, el autor pasa a comentar el complejo panorama que se presenta al empleador ante una decisión de despido tanto desde la óptica legal (indemnización, reposición) como jurisprudencial (indemnización por daños, reposición) añadiéndose un acápite denominado “otros” para las relatar las consecuencias administrativas que surgen de la indicada medida tanto desde la óptica laboral (SUNAFIL) como tributaria (SUNAT). Labor Stability Right To Employment Arbitrary Dismissal Reinstatement At Work Compensation For Damages Probationary Period Termination Estabilidad Laboral Derecho Al Trabajo Despido Arbitrario Reposición Indemnización Por Daños Período De Prueba Cese
14	La réparation des dommages causés par le dirigeant en droit des sociétés : étude comparative droit français-droit italien Belinguier-Raiz, Sarah 13 January 2012 (has links) En droits français et italien des sociétés il est difficile d'affirmer l'existence "d'un" droit à réparation en particulier lorsqu'il s'agit du préjudice social, sa réparation étant freinée par le manque d'effectivité de l'action sociale, et du préjudice individuel de l'associé, sa reconnaissance au fond étant limitée. Il est également difficile pour les victimes d'affirmer l'existence "du" droit à réparation, en raison d' obstacles de nature procédurale et financière rencontrés dans la mise en oeuvre de leur droit jusqu'à l'éventuelle condamnation. Les difficultés rencontrées par les victimes révèlent le manque d'effectivité de la réparation des dommages causés par le dirigeant et, par là même, le manque d'effectivité de la responsabilité personnelle de ce dernier. L'étude de certaines dispositions nouvelles des deux pays, en particulier du droit italien, nous invite cependant à réfléchir sur les perspectives d'évolutions. / . Actions ut universi ut singuli Préjudice social Préjudice individuel de l'associé Responsabilité du dirigeant Assurance RCMS Réparation intégrale Association d'actionnaires Exonération Gouvernance d'entreprise Groupes de sociétés Compensation for damages Company managers liability Insurance D&O Corporate governance Stakeholders Shareholders Securities class actions Indemnification French corporate law Italian corporate law
15	Försäkringsskydd för skadeståndsansvar vid dataskyddsöverträdelser : En undersökning av försäkringsvillkorens omfattning och eventuella begränsningar i förhållande till art. 82 GDPR och grupptalan / Insurance coverage for liability in case of data protection breaches : An investigation into the extent and potential limitations of insurance terms in relation to art. 82 GDPR and class action lawsuits Nahlbom, Robin January 2024 (has links) I uppsatsen utreds försäkringsskyddet för skadeståndsansvar vid dataskyddsöverträdelser. GDPR är den centrala regleringen för personuppgiftsbehandling och fastställer ett antal principer som måste upprätthållas för att den ansvarige ska få behandla personuppgifter. Bryter den ansvarige mot förordningens principer har den registrerade rätt att kräva skadestånd enligt art. 82.1 GDPR. Förordningen fastställer tre kumulativa krav som måste vara uppfyllda för att skadeståndsskyldighet ska föreligga. Det innefattar att en överträdelse av GDPR har skett, att materiell eller immateriell skada till följd av denna överträdelse har uppstått och att det föreligger ett orsakssamband mellan skadan och överträdelsen. Förordningen innehåller även en bestämmelse som tar över medlemsstaternas nationella skadeståndsrättsliga bestämmelser, vilket innebär att GDPR ska tillämpas enligt sin ordalydelse och att de kumulativa kraven enligt art. 82.1 GDPR måste följas. Det innebär att nationella skadeståndsrättsliga begrepp inte bör jämställas med begrepp som framgår av art. 82.1 GDPR eftersom begreppen har tillkommit i en helt annan kontext. Exempelvis översätts i vissa fall materiella och immateriella skador till ekonomiska och ideella skador. Begreppen är inte synonyma och bör inte tillställas samma betydelse eftersom terminologin i art. 82.1 GDPR kan misstolkas. Försäkringsvillkoren som reglerar skadeståndsskyldigheten för dataskyddsöverträdelser och som även hänvisar till art. 82.1 GDPR, innehåller i vissa fall nationella skadeståndsrättsliga begrepp och även andra begrepp som inte framgår av förordningen. Det kan leda till att kongruensen mellan villkorens utformning och förordningens ordalydelse medför tolkningsproblematik vid bedömning om skadeståndsskyldighet föreligger. Därför bör försäkringsvillkoren endast innehålla sådan terminologi som framgår av art. 82.1 GDPR. Dataskyddsöverträdelser medför oftast att en stor grupp människor lider skada varför förordningen tillåter registrerade att föra grupptalan med hjälp av en ideell organisation enligt art. 80 GDPR. Teoretiskt sett kan skadeståndsbeloppen bli högre än försäkringsbeloppen varför det i sådana fall saknas ett försäkringsskydd för grupptalan för den personuppgiftsansvarige. Försäkringsvillkoren anger däremot ingenting om att försäkringen inte täcker ett sådant anspråk. Därmed ställs försäkringsbolagen inför utmaningen att hantera sådana anspråk, varför försäkringen bör uppdateras för att möta skadestånd i en grupptalan vid dataskyddsöverträdelser. / The essay investigates insurance coverage for liability for damages in the event of data protection breaches. GDPR is the central regulation for the processing of personal data and establishes a number of principles that must be upheld for the data controller to process personal data. If the data controller breaches the principles of the regulation, the data subject has the right to claim damages under Art. 82.1 GDPR. The regulation sets out three cumulative requirements that must be met for liability for damages to arise. This includes that a breach of the GDPR has occurred, that material or immaterial damage as a result of this breach has arisen, and that there is a causal link between the damage and the breach. The regulation also includes a provision that supersedes the national tort law provisions of Member States, which means that the GDPR shall be applied according to its wording and that the cumulative requirements under Art. 82.1 GDPR must be followed. This means that national tort law concepts should not be equated with concepts as set out in Art. 82.1 GDPR as the concepts have arisen in a completely different context. For example, in some cases, material and immaterial damages are translated into economic and non-economic damages. The concepts are not synonymous and should not be attributed the same meaning as the terminology in Art. 82.1 GDPR can be misinterpreted. The insurance terms and conditions that regulate liability for damages in the event of data protection breaches and also refer to Art. 82.1 GDPR, in some cases contain national tort law concepts and other concepts that are not evident in the regulation. This may lead to a lack of congruence between the wording of the terms and conditions and the wording of the regulation, resulting in interpretation issues when assessing whether liability for damages exists. Therefore, the insurance terms and conditions should only contain terminology as set out in Art. 82.1 GDPR. Data protection breaches usually result in harm to a large group of people, which is why the regulation allows data subjects to bring a collective action with the assistance of a not-for-profit organization under Art. 80 GDPR. Theoretically, damages awarded may exceed insurance coverage, which means there is no insurance coverage for collective actions for the data controller in such cases. However, the insurance terms and conditions do not specify that the insurance does not cover such a claim. Therefore, insurance companies are faced with the challenge of handling such claims, which is why the insurance should be updated to cover damages in a collective action in the event of data protection breaches. GDPR General Data Protection Regulation protection Insurances breach insurance Class action lawsuit terms and conditions Personal data Personal data protection Registered Privacy protection Insurance coverage sum insured Damages compensation Tort law Material damages Immaterial damages Violation Economic loss Insurance company European Union Personal Data Act Data integrity Confidentiality Confidentiality protection Information protection Personal data protection Insurance contract Liability for damages Data controller DPO Data processor Compensation for damages Claim for damages Insurance coverage Principles Data protection principles Compliance Insurance compensation Tort law Regulation Directive Law Swedish Authority for Privacy Protection Data protection officer European Data Protection Board Article 29 workgroup Article Article 82 Data controller responsibility Sanctions Administrative fines Data Protection Directive Artikel 82 GDPR Dataskydd Försäkring Försäkringar Databrottsförsäkring Grupptalan Försäkringsvillkor Personuppgift Personuppgifter Personuppgiftsskydd Registrerad Registrerade Integritetsskydd Försäkringsbelopp Skadestånd Skadeståndslag Materiell Immateriell Kränkning Förmögenhetsskada Försäkringsbolag Dataskyddsförordningen EU Personuppgiftslag Dataintegritet Sekretess Sekretessskydd Informationsskydd Personuppgiftsskydd Försäkringsavtal Skadeståndsskyldighet Skadeståndsansvar Personuppgiftsansvarig Personuppgiftsbiträde Skadeståndsersättning Skadeståndskrav Försäkringsskydd Principer Dataskyddsprinciper Regelefterlevnad Försäkringsersättning Skadeståndslagen Förordning Direktiv Lag Integritetsskyddsmyndigheten IMY Dataskyddsombud Data EDPB Artikel 82 Personuppgiftsansvar Sanktioner Sanktionsavgifter Dataskyddsdirektivet DPO Artikel 82 GDPR Artikel 82 Europeiska unionen Law and Society Juridik och samhälle

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