Acompanha: Produção técnica / A aprendizagem de Biologia Celular no Ensino Médio apresenta alguns obstáculos aos alunos, que são intrínsecos ao conteúdo. Primeiramente, há um vocabulário relativamente extenso de termos que não fazem parte do cotidiano. Segundo ponto, esses termos podem se relacionar de maneiras complexas que são difíceis de assimilar. Finalmente, vários processos biológicos acontecem em etapas dinâmicas, que podem ser difíceis de deduzir a partir de imagens estáticas. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi desenvolver um software educacional que pudesse auxiliar no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Biologia Celular no Ensino Médio. Dois princípios usados na ferramenta foram a interatividade e a animação gráfica. A pesquisa teve como universo, duas turmas de primeiro ano do Ensino Médio técnico integrado em agroecologia e informática totalizando 80 alunos de uma escola pública Federal do Estado do Paraná e foi baseada no desenvolvimento, aplicação e teste de eficácia de um jogo tendo como foco o ensino de síntese proteica e seus mecanismos de funcionamento, assunto vinculado ao estudo da Biologia Celular. Os testes de eficácia foram feitos iniciando-se com a aplicação de uma questão aberta que procurou levantar informações sobre o nível de conhecimento do aluno acerca do assunto após a aplicação de uma aula expositiva e posterior aplicação da mesma questão como pós teste, depois da aplicação do jogo em sala. Os resultados foram avaliados e caraterizados a partir de quatro categorias de aprendizado em Biologia, sendo essas, Nominal, Funcional, Estrutural e Multidimencional em ordem crescente de nível de aprendizado. Como resultado, constatamos pela evolução das questões formuladas pelos alunos, frente às categorias citadas, que o produto teve influência positiva no aprendizado e pode contribuir para a dinamicidade no ensino da Biologia Celular no Ensino Médio. / The learning of Cell Biology in High School presents some obstacles to students, which are intrinsic to the content. First, there is a relatively extensive vocabulary of terms that is not part of everyday life. Second point, these terms may relate in complex ways that are difficult to assimilate. Finally, several biological processes take place in dynamic steps, which can be difficult to infer from static images. The general objective of this work is to develop an educational software that could aid in the teaching and learning process of Cell Biology in High School. Two principles used in the tool were the interactivity and graphical animation. The research had as a universe two first year classes of an Integrated Technical High School Course in Agroecology and Informatics totaling 80 students of a public federal school of the State of Paraná and it was based in the development, application and effectiveness test of a game having as focus the teaching of protein synthesis and its mechanisms of functioning, a subject linked to the study of Cell Biology. Efficacy tests were performed through an application of an open question, in order to evaluate the level of the students’ knowledge on the subject after an expositive class and a later application of the same question as an post evaluation, after the application of the game in class. The results were evaluated and characterized from four categories of learning in Biology, such as, Nominal, Functional, Structural and Multidimensional in ascending order of learning level. As a result, we verified by the evolution of the questions formulated by the students, given the aforementioned categories, that the product had a positive influence on learning and can contribute to the dynamism in the teaching of Cell Biology in High School.

Das digitale Spielen hat in den letzten Jahren stetig zugenommen und scheint heute ein selbstverständlicher Teil im alltäglichen Leben vieler Menschen zu sein. Eine deutliche Verbindung zwischen der digitalen Welt und der englischen Sprache ist zu beobachten, und man kann sich fragen, ob es immer so war. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, die Verwendung von Anglizismen in der digitalen Computerspiel- und Videospielwelt zu untersuchen, um herauszufinden, ob und inwiefern sich eine zunehmende Globalisierung in der Domäne des digitalen Spielens nachweisen lässt. Dazu wird der Sprachgebrauch ausgewählter Benutzer-Kommentare eines deutschen Spieleforums aus dem Jahr 2013 (teilweise auch vom Beginn des Jahres 2014) und der von 2004 untersucht. Die grundlegende Frage lautet: Wie unterscheidet sich der Gebrauch von Anglizismen in der digitalen Spielwelt, wenn man die Situation heute mit der von 2004 vergleicht?

Games in general and computer games in particular have now become a mainstream activity for young people in the industrialized nations. Sadly, people’s interaction with computer artifacts and games are mainly still limited to the visual and auditive modalities. This constrains the richness of our interaction with those artifacts, it constrains the possibilities of using those artifacts to communicate and build relations with others, and it excludes some people from using them at all. This thesis answers the questions of whether it’s possible to use haptics as a single modality for conveying information in computer games, if it’s possible to translate the standard interfaces of existing computer games into haptic interfaces, and if it can be accomplished with the technology used in the gamepads of current generation game consoles. It also contains a theoretical foundation for using haptics in game design and a new design method for analyzing the requirements of computer game interface modalities. A computer game prototype called Sightlence was developed in order to answer these questions. The prototype was developed in four iterative cycles of design, development, and evaluative play sessions. Four groups of people participated in the play sessions: graduate students, and teachers, specializing in games; people who are deafblind; people from the general population; and pupils from a national special needs school in Sweden for children with deafness or impaired hearing combined with severe learning disabilities, or congenital deafblindness. The prototypes were tested with usability techniques for measuring performance and learnability. The usability tests showed that Sightlence can be successfully learned by people from the general population while the pupils with cognitive development disorders from the special needs school would need additional support in the game in order to learn to handle the increased abstraction caused by the haptic interface. The thesis ends with discussion of the designed and developed artifact Sightlence. The discussion touches on the design process, the usability testing, and possible future research and development relevant for making haptics a fruitful tool and medium for designers and people.

In this Master thesis the key discussion is how to make dynamic informal conversations comprehensible to a computer system. The discussion is at large centered towards the distributed persistent real-time multi-player computer game Worlds. In this thesis we discuss the important aspects of communication and collaboration in computer games, and how these affect the the formalization of communicated information into computable data. The discussion of this thesis is based on several kinds of sources; empirical studies of games, discussions with players of multi-player computer games, meetings with a game designer and a game programmer and forum activities on a message board for independent game developers. Beside this the use of academic literature and the design of an actual computer game, are also brought together to create a platform for thought and discussion. This thesis is an attempt to bring reflection and analysis into the craft of computer game making, as well as to bring aspects of game design into the world of academics. The result of this thesis leads to a design suggestion of the communication and agreement creation system of the game Worlds. We find our discussion and our design, interesting and important, as an object for further analysis, discussions and thoughts. / for more info visit: www.enormousgames.com

Digital games and simulations are receiving considerable notice within the Library and Information Science (LIS) community. This study adds to the depth of knowledge in this area by providing research on the likelihood a hypothetical digital game delivery method for library instruction achieves sufficient adoption to justify its development. Furthermore, this knowledge will assist decision making processes for individuals debating the current or potential role of digital gaming at their institutions. In this mixed methods study, over 300 undergraduates were surveyed about their technology preferences, including digital gaming, for delivery of two forms of academic library instruction. The two forms of library instruction were (a) providing users with spatial information on physical library layout, and (b) educating users on information literacy topics and skills. Observational data was collected during the survey sessions, occurring at face-to-face library instruction sessions. Self-selected survey participants were also interviewed to further probe their survey responses. Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations was the theoretical foundation to this research. The primary innovation of study was the digital game delivery method. Detailed analysis of the survey-based data set included three nonparametric scaling methods: 1) rank-sum scaling; 2) circular triad analysis; and 3) multidimensional preference mapping. Content analysis of the observations and semi-structured interviews also occurred. Major outcomes were 1) the digital game delivery method achieved mediocre preference across both questions; 2) the audiovisual delivery method received the highest overall preference ranking; and 3) overall preference for the audio-only delivery method was remarkably low. The most important theme across the observational data was the participants' waning attention during the face-to-face library instruction sessions. The most important outcome from the semi-structured interviews was interviewees' stated appreciation for useful technologies. Over 95% of participants were so-called digital natives, that is, born post-1980. Rogers' assertion that age plays a minor role in predicting technology adoption appears warranted, since the more innovative digital game delivery method achieved mediocre overall preference.

This thesis is dedicated to creating a new system with capabilities to create new generic, autonomous strategy computer game controlling elements based on multi-agent systems with social, intelligent decision-making and learning skills. Basic types of strategy games and problems of their playing will be introduced, along with currently used methods of intelligent game AI development. This thesis also presents design and implementation of the new system, working model for a specific game and results obtained while testing it.

This master's thesis deals with development of indie game - independently-developed game. It describes important moments in computer games history. It clarifies terms like golden age of video arcade games and video game crash of 1983. Further it explains history and origin of indie game phenomenon. It describes some of the differences between independent and commercial game development. In next chapter it presents some game engines which are suitable for independent game development. And in the last chapter it describes the design and implementation of game engine and game running on it.

Seit Menschen miteinander kommunizieren gibt es Persuasion, also das Bestreben, den Kommunikationspartner zu beeinflussen. Bereits in der Antike wurde dieses Handwerk in Form der klassischen Rhetorik systematisiert und gezielt eingesetzt. In den vergangenen Jahren gab es Versuche, diese etablierten Konzepte auf interaktive Medien zu übertragen, was aber nur ansatzweise gelang. Um den Besonderheiten interaktiver Medien gerecht zu werden, sollten ihre prozesshafte Natur und ihre Wechselwirkungen mit den Aktionen des Nutzers im Mittelpunkt stehen. Genau das ist beim Konzept der prozeduralen Rhetorik von Ian Bogost der Fall, weshalb dieser Ansatz als Grundlage der hier vorgenommenen Untersuchungen zu persuasiven Computerspielen dient. Im Rahmen der Arbeit werden zudem die unterschiedlichen Formen der Rhetorik vorgestellt und die Notwendigkeit der Berücksichtigung prozeduraler Rhetorik dargelegt. Anhand der Beispiele The McDonald's Videogame und America's Army verdeutlichen die Autoren den Einsatz verschiedener persuasiver Techniken aus klassischer und prozeduraler Rhetorik.

The thesis is a comparative case study, that applies the typology of deployments of history of S. A. Metzger and R. J. Paxton on the World War I video games Battlefield 1 and Valiant Hearts. The objective of the thesis is to compare the studied games and to evaluate the usefulness and limitations of the applied typology as an analytical tool. A. Chapman's analytical framework for the formal analysis of historical video games is used as a methodological guideline. The "texts" of the video games serve as the main data source, complemented by the use of Let's Play videos, that allow a deeper level of analysis in certain areas and offer a glimpse of how historical representations and narratives are being consumed. Results show that both games present a rich and critical view of the World War I history and that they offer space for representation of marginalized groups. The game Valiant Hearts, unlike the game Battlefield 1, has a strong anti-war message and tells its story from a transnational perspective, emphasizing the Franco-German reconciliation. The game Battlefield 1 celebrates the combat heroism of the soldiers of individual nations and avoids completely the portrayal of civilians and the impact of the war on their lives. The World War I in this game is likened to the Second World War and it...

This study is about inclusion in digital environments with a focus on videogames. The purpose of the study is to provide insight into how to increase inclusion in the digital environment, primarily for women, and provide examples of how to apply good information design to digital spaces to contribute to increased inclusion in videogames. The aim is also to increase the understanding of how spatial design affects inclusion for users and which parts of the spatial aspect are important for the environment to be perceived as inclusive or not. The goal is to try to raise awareness about inclusion in the gaming environment and to get people to question the design. The methods used are questionnaire, interview workshop, site analysis and traditional masculine and feminine scale, as well as human centered design as a method and process in the work. Of these methods, prototypes were made and used to produce different notions of what is masculine or feminine, as well as what the users in the study perceived as more inclusive designs. The results show signs that the spatial environment gives signals to be able to behave in a certain way that can be linked to hypermasculinity. The users in the study perceived the most popular games to be in the more masculine direction with Counterstrike as the most masculine direction. The attributes of the game's environment and spatial elements were perceived by the users in the study as violence and terror, which may in this way send signals to the users that it is okay to behave in a more hypermasculine way as one of the attributes of hypermasculinity is violence. The conclusion is that a larger study would need to be carried out on the interaction between the environment and its signals to the users to see if it has a greater impact on the inclusion of the users, as there are signs that the spatial design also contributes to a hypermasculine environment in the digital space. / Det här arbetet handlar om inkludering i virtuella miljöer med fokus på spel. Syftet med studien är att ge insikt i hur man kanske kan öka inkluderingen i den digitala miljön för främst kvinnor och ge exempel på hur man kan tillämpa god informationsdesign på digitala rum för att bidra till en ökad inkludering. Syftet är också att öka förståelsen för hur den rumsliga gestaltningen påverkar inkluderingen för användarna och vilka delar av den rumsliga aspekten som har betydelse för att miljön ska uppfattas inkluderande eller inte. Målet är att försöka höja medvetenheten kring inkludering inom spelmiljön och att få människor att ifrågasätta designen.Metoderna som används är enkät, intervjuworkshop, platsanalys och traditionell maskulin och feminin skala, samt human centered design som en metod och process i arbetet. Av dessa metoder gjordes och användes sedan prototyper för att ta fram olika föreställningar om vad som är maskulint eller feminint, samt vad som användarna i studien uppfattade som mer inkluderande design. Resultatet visar tecken på att den rumsliga miljön ger signaler för att kunna eventuellt bete sig på ett visst sätt som kan kopplas till hypermaskulinitet. Användarna i studien uppfattade de mest populära spelen åt det mer maskulina hållet med Counter-Strike som det mest maskulina hållet. Attributen i spelets miljö och rumsliga element uppfattades av användarna i studien som våld och terror, vilket kanske på så sätt skickar signaler till användarna att de är okej att bete sig på ett mer hypermaskulint sätt då ett av attributen för hypermaskulinitet är våld. Slutsatsen är att det skulle behövas genomföras en större studie kring samverkan mellan miljön och dess signaler till användarna för att se om det har en större påverkan för inkluderingen av användarna, då det finns tecken på att det även den rumsliga gestaltningen bidrar till en hypermaskulin miljö i det digitala rummet.