A Modelagem Orientada a Objetos (MOO) é o processo de construção de modelos de sistemas através da identificação e definição de um conjunto de objetos relacionados, que comportam-se e colaboram entre si conforme os requisitos estabelecidos para o sistema. Esta definição inclui os três aspectos ortogonais, ou dimensões, deste tipo de modelagem: a dimensão estrutural dos objetos, a dimensão dinâmica do comportamento e a dimensão funcional dos requisitos. Conforme a importância relativa dada a cada uma destas dimensões, podem ser definidas três estratégias possíveis para conduzir a MOO. Estas estratégias são as dirigidas por dados, por comportamento e por processos. A estratégia dirigida por processos já esta superada. Atualmente, a estratégia dirigida por dados domina na maioria das técnicas de MOO. A estratégia dirigida por comportamento propõe que a estrutura dos objetos em um sistema pode ser determinada a partir do comportamento externo e interno que o sistema deve apresentar. Esta idéia é interessante, porque permite introduzir tardiamente o encapsulamento na MOO. Conforme é argumentado neste trabalho, as vantagens atribuídas a orientação a objetos são de implementação, isto é, a decisão de orientar ou não a objetos é, na realidade, uma decisão de design. Ao introduzir o encapsulamento na modelagem inicial do sistema, ganha-se o benefício da continuidade estrutural ao custo de colocar a MOO mais perto do design. Neste contexto, este trabalho apresenta um processo de modelagem conceitual de sistemas do ponto de vista comportamental que introduz tardiamente o encapsulamento da orientação a objetos como primeiro passo de design. Em outras palavras, é proposta uma técnica de modelagem sob uma estratégia dirigida por comportamento (privilegiando, assim, o aspecto dinâmico dos sistemas) com o suficiente poder de expressão para, ao mesmo tempo, permitir a modelagem de sistemas de informação no nível conceitual e derivar dos modelos dinâmicos obtidos uma representação estrutural orientada a objetos. 0 sistema, na concepção desta proposta, é composto por um conjunto de processos concorrentes, cada um dos quais recebe um estimulo do ambiente, realiza um tratamento especifico sobre ele e gera para o ambiente uma resposta. Os estímulos externos são decompostos em conjuntos de eventos concorrentes tratados no interior do processo. As ações realizadas no interior do mesmo são compostas nas respostas geradas para o exterior. Os processos são modelados comportamentalmente, utilizando o formalismo proposto High-Level Statecharts (HLS). HLS é uma extensão dos statecharts de Harel. As principais extensões propostas são a introdução de estados "parametrizados" usando variáveis e a representação genérica de conjuntos de estados concorrentes e exclusivos. 0 modelo de processos e desintegrado em unidades de comportamento que tratam das mesmas variáveis. Estas unidades são integradas em um modelo de ciclos de vida para estas variáveis. Finalmente, apos a aplicação da técnica de modelagem conceitual, e obtido um modelo estrutural orientado a objetos. Este modelo e derivado utilizando unicamente informações contidas nos modelos dinâmicos gerados no processo da técnica proposta. No modelo estrutural são identificadas classes, objetos, atributos, associações estáticas, hierarquias de herança e operações. Todo o processo e exemplificado utilizando o problema padrão de preparação de congressos da IFIP. / Object-Oriented Modeling (OOM) is the process of construction of systems models, through an identification and definition of a set of relating objects. These objects have a collaborative behavior according to the system requirements previously defined. This definition includes three modeling aspects or dimensions: object structural dimension, behavior dynamic dimension and requirements functional dimension. Depending on a relative importance of each dimension, three possible strategies to drive OOM are defined. The strategies are: data-driven, behavior-driven and process-driven. Process-driven strategy is obsolete. Nowadays, data-driven is the dominant strategy in the world of OOM techniques. Behavior-driven strategy suggests both internal and external system behaviors define its object structure. This idea is attractive because it allows a late encapsulation in the OOM. As explained in this work, the main advantage to use object-orientation is for implementation. So, to object-orient or not to object-orient is a design decision. If encapsulation is introduced in the very beginning of systems modeling, the structural continuity is achieved at the cost of pulling OOM closer to design. In this context, the work presents a process of systems conceptual modeling using a behavioral point of view. This process introduces object-oriented encapsulation lately as a first step in the design phase. In other words, this work is a proposal of a modeling technique under a behavior-driven strategy (focusing the dynamic aspect of the systems) with enough expression power to model information systems at conceptual level and, at the same time, to derive of an object-oriented structural representation from the dynamic models. As conceived in the proposal, a system is composed by a set of concurrent processes. Each process receives a stimuli from the environment, makes a specific treatment on it and generates a response to the environment. The external stimuli is decomposed into a set of concurrent events which are internally handled by the process. Actions internally performed by the process are composed into a response which is sent outside the process. Processes are behaviorally modeled using a proposed formalism called High-Level Statecharts (HLS). HLS is a extension of Harel's statecharts. The main extensions proposed are parameterized states using variables and generic representation of concurrent and exclusive sets of states. Process model is disintegrated into behavior units handling the same variables. The units are integrated into a life cycle model for these variables. Finally, after the modeling technique has been applied, an object-oriented structural model is obtained. This model is derived exclusively using information from the dynamic models constructed during the modeling process. Classes, objects, attributes, static associations, inheritance hierarchies and operations in the structural model are identified. Examples used in all the modeling process are taken from the standard problem of IFIP conference.

Dans le cadre de trois projets européens, notre équipe a mis au point un modèle de données et un langage de requête pour bibliothèques numériques supportant l'identification, la structuration, les métadonnées, la réutilisation, et la découverte des ressources numériques. Le modèle proposé est inspiré par le Web et il est formalisé comme une théorie du premier ordre, dont certains modèles correspondent à la notion de bibliothèque numérique. En outre, une traduction complète du modèle en RDF et du langage de requêtes en SPARQL a également été proposée pour démontrer son adéquation à des applications pratiques. Le choix de RDF est dû au fait qu’il est un langage de représentation généralement accepté dans le cadre des bibliothèques numériques et du Web sémantique. L’objectif de cette thèse était double: concevoir et mettre en œuvre une forme simplifiée de système de gestion de bibliothèques numériques, d’une part, et contribuer à l’enrichissement du modèle, d’autre part. Pour atteindre cet objectif nous avons développé un prototype d’un système de bibliothèque numérique utilisant un stockage RDF pour faciliter la gestion interne des métadonnées. Le prototype permet aux utilisateurs de gérer et d’interroger les métadonnées des ressources numériques ou non-numériques dans le système en utilisant des URIs pour identifier les ressources, un ensemble de prédicats pour la description de ressources, et des requêtes conjonctives simples pour la découverte de connaissances dans le système. Le prototype est mis en œuvre en utilisant les technologies Java et l’environnement de Google Web Toolkit dont l'architecture du système se compose d'une couche de stockage, d’une couche de métier logique, d’une couche de service, et d’une interface utilisateur. Pendant la thèse, le prototype a été construit, testé et débogué localement, puis déployé sur Google App Engine. Dans l’avenir, il peut être étendu pour devenir un système complet de gestion de bibliothèques numériques. Par ailleurs, la thèse présente également notre contribution à la génération de contenu par réutilisation de ressources. Il s’agit d’un travail théorique dont le but est d’enrichir le modèle en lui ajoutant un service important, à savoir la possibilité de création de nouvelles ressources à partir de celles stockées dans le système. L’incorporation de ce service dans le système sera effectuée ultérieurement. / In the context of three European projects, our research team has developed a data model and query language for digital libraries supporting identification, structuring, metadata, and discovery and reuse of digital resources. The model is inspired by the Web and it is formalized as a first-order theory, certain models of which correspond to the notion of digital library. In addition, a full translation of the model to RDF and of the query language to SPARQL has been proposed to demonstrate the feasibility of the model and its suitability for practical applications. The choice of RDF is due to the fact that it is a generally accepted representation language in the context of digital libraries and the Semantic Web. One of the major aims of the thesis was to design and actually implement a simplified form of a digital library management system based on the theoretical model. To obtain this, we have developed a prototype based on RDF and SPARQL, which uses a RDF store to facilitate internal management of metadata. The prototype allows users to manage and query metadata of digital or non-digital resources in the system, using URIs as resource identifiers, a set of predicates to model descriptions of resources, and simple conjunctive queries to discover knowledge in the system. The prototype is implemented by using Java technologies and the Google Web Toolkit framework whose system architecture consists of a storage layer, a business logic layer, a service layer and a user interface. During the thesis work, the prototype was built, tested, and debugged locally and then deployed on Google App Engine. In the future, it will be expanded to become a full fledged digital library management system. Moreover, the thesis also presents our contribution to content generation by reuse. This is mostly theoretical work whose purpose is to enrich the model and query language by providing an important community service. The incorporation of this service in the implemented system is left to future work.

A Modelagem Orientada a Objetos (MOO) é o processo de construção de modelos de sistemas através da identificação e definição de um conjunto de objetos relacionados, que comportam-se e colaboram entre si conforme os requisitos estabelecidos para o sistema. Esta definição inclui os três aspectos ortogonais, ou dimensões, deste tipo de modelagem: a dimensão estrutural dos objetos, a dimensão dinâmica do comportamento e a dimensão funcional dos requisitos. Conforme a importância relativa dada a cada uma destas dimensões, podem ser definidas três estratégias possíveis para conduzir a MOO. Estas estratégias são as dirigidas por dados, por comportamento e por processos. A estratégia dirigida por processos já esta superada. Atualmente, a estratégia dirigida por dados domina na maioria das técnicas de MOO. A estratégia dirigida por comportamento propõe que a estrutura dos objetos em um sistema pode ser determinada a partir do comportamento externo e interno que o sistema deve apresentar. Esta idéia é interessante, porque permite introduzir tardiamente o encapsulamento na MOO. Conforme é argumentado neste trabalho, as vantagens atribuídas a orientação a objetos são de implementação, isto é, a decisão de orientar ou não a objetos é, na realidade, uma decisão de design. Ao introduzir o encapsulamento na modelagem inicial do sistema, ganha-se o benefício da continuidade estrutural ao custo de colocar a MOO mais perto do design. Neste contexto, este trabalho apresenta um processo de modelagem conceitual de sistemas do ponto de vista comportamental que introduz tardiamente o encapsulamento da orientação a objetos como primeiro passo de design. Em outras palavras, é proposta uma técnica de modelagem sob uma estratégia dirigida por comportamento (privilegiando, assim, o aspecto dinâmico dos sistemas) com o suficiente poder de expressão para, ao mesmo tempo, permitir a modelagem de sistemas de informação no nível conceitual e derivar dos modelos dinâmicos obtidos uma representação estrutural orientada a objetos. 0 sistema, na concepção desta proposta, é composto por um conjunto de processos concorrentes, cada um dos quais recebe um estimulo do ambiente, realiza um tratamento especifico sobre ele e gera para o ambiente uma resposta. Os estímulos externos são decompostos em conjuntos de eventos concorrentes tratados no interior do processo. As ações realizadas no interior do mesmo são compostas nas respostas geradas para o exterior. Os processos são modelados comportamentalmente, utilizando o formalismo proposto High-Level Statecharts (HLS). HLS é uma extensão dos statecharts de Harel. As principais extensões propostas são a introdução de estados "parametrizados" usando variáveis e a representação genérica de conjuntos de estados concorrentes e exclusivos. 0 modelo de processos e desintegrado em unidades de comportamento que tratam das mesmas variáveis. Estas unidades são integradas em um modelo de ciclos de vida para estas variáveis. Finalmente, apos a aplicação da técnica de modelagem conceitual, e obtido um modelo estrutural orientado a objetos. Este modelo e derivado utilizando unicamente informações contidas nos modelos dinâmicos gerados no processo da técnica proposta. No modelo estrutural são identificadas classes, objetos, atributos, associações estáticas, hierarquias de herança e operações. Todo o processo e exemplificado utilizando o problema padrão de preparação de congressos da IFIP. / Object-Oriented Modeling (OOM) is the process of construction of systems models, through an identification and definition of a set of relating objects. These objects have a collaborative behavior according to the system requirements previously defined. This definition includes three modeling aspects or dimensions: object structural dimension, behavior dynamic dimension and requirements functional dimension. Depending on a relative importance of each dimension, three possible strategies to drive OOM are defined. The strategies are: data-driven, behavior-driven and process-driven. Process-driven strategy is obsolete. Nowadays, data-driven is the dominant strategy in the world of OOM techniques. Behavior-driven strategy suggests both internal and external system behaviors define its object structure. This idea is attractive because it allows a late encapsulation in the OOM. As explained in this work, the main advantage to use object-orientation is for implementation. So, to object-orient or not to object-orient is a design decision. If encapsulation is introduced in the very beginning of systems modeling, the structural continuity is achieved at the cost of pulling OOM closer to design. In this context, the work presents a process of systems conceptual modeling using a behavioral point of view. This process introduces object-oriented encapsulation lately as a first step in the design phase. In other words, this work is a proposal of a modeling technique under a behavior-driven strategy (focusing the dynamic aspect of the systems) with enough expression power to model information systems at conceptual level and, at the same time, to derive of an object-oriented structural representation from the dynamic models. As conceived in the proposal, a system is composed by a set of concurrent processes. Each process receives a stimuli from the environment, makes a specific treatment on it and generates a response to the environment. The external stimuli is decomposed into a set of concurrent events which are internally handled by the process. Actions internally performed by the process are composed into a response which is sent outside the process. Processes are behaviorally modeled using a proposed formalism called High-Level Statecharts (HLS). HLS is a extension of Harel's statecharts. The main extensions proposed are parameterized states using variables and generic representation of concurrent and exclusive sets of states. Process model is disintegrated into behavior units handling the same variables. The units are integrated into a life cycle model for these variables. Finally, after the modeling technique has been applied, an object-oriented structural model is obtained. This model is derived exclusively using information from the dynamic models constructed during the modeling process. Classes, objects, attributes, static associations, inheritance hierarchies and operations in the structural model are identified. Examples used in all the modeling process are taken from the standard problem of IFIP conference.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:33:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andre Costa - Dissertacao - parte 1.pdf: 1053237 bytes, checksum: 8e90f2576db5227bb4eb33f34158733a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-15 / This work presents a domain conceptual model of ITIL Service Level Management by using foundational ontologies, and also presents the application of the definied concepts in this model in the service provider module of Infraware context-aware service platform. The study of the ITIL service management process and conceptual modeling of this domain is an attempt to give the first steps in what refers to the formalization of this domain concepts and its use in context-aware service platforms, in particular. A case study is presented to validate the model and to verify its applicability in the generation of management information and of control to the service provider module of the platform and its customers / Este trabalho apresenta um modelo conceitual do domínio do processo de Gerenciamento de Nível de Serviço da biblioteca ITIL utilizando ontologias de fundamentação, e a aplicação dos conceitos definidos neste modelo no módulo provedor de serviço da plataforma de serviços sensíveis ao contexto Infraware. O estudo do processo de gerenciamento de serviços ITIL e a modelagem conceitual deste domínio visam dar os primeiros passos no que se refere à formalização dos conceitos deste domínio e a sua utilização em plataformas de serviços sensíveis ao contexto, em particular. Um estudo de caso é desenvolvido como forma de validar o modelo e de comprovar sua aplicabilidade na geração de informações de gerenciamento e de controle para o módulo provedor de serviço da plataforma e para seus clientes

La sécurité-innocuité est une propriété émergente des systèmes critiques de sécurité (SCS), notamment les systèmes ferroviaires. Cet aspect émergent complexifie leur processus du développement et nécessite un raisonnement judicieux permettant de diminuer les dangers. Cette thèse propose une approche ontologique qui intègre les activités de sécurité dès les premières phases de conception des SCS. Ce cadre structuré offre une harmonisation sémantique entre les domaines impliqués, tels que l'ingénierie de sécurité et l'Ingénierie des Exigences Dirigée par les Buts (IEDB). La logique métier intégrée dans cette approche est validée par des cas d'étude ferroviaires d'accidents réels et d'une mission télé-opérée. Dans un premier temps, nous avons proposé une ontologie d'analyse dysfonctionnelle appelée DAO et fondée sur l'ontologie de haut niveau UFO. DAO considère les aspects sociaux-techniques et environnementaux des SCS et intègre les différents types de fautes et de propriétés cognitives liés respectivement aux défaillances techniques et aux erreurs humaines. Le modèle conceptuel de DAO est exprimé en OntoUML et formalisé en langage OWL afin de fournir un support de raisonnement. Ensuite, un pont sémantique est établi entre les mesures de sécurité, les buts de sécurité et les exigences de sécurité par le développement d'une ontologie de gestion de sécurité orientée-but, appelée GOSMO. La gestion des décisions de sécurité s’appuie sur la réinterprétation du modèle de contrôle d'accès Or-Bac d'un point de vue sécurité-innocuité. Afin d'assurer la cohérence globale des exigences, GOSMO permet de structurer la gestion des évolutions des exigences et leur traçabilité. / Safety is an emergent property of safety critical systems (SCS), including railway systems. This emergent aspect exacerbates their development process and requires a thorough reasoning to reduce hazards. This thesis proposes an ontological approach that integrates safety activities from the early design stages of SCS. This structured framework provides a semantic harmonization between the involved domains, such as safety engineering and Goal Oriented Requirements Engineering (GORE). The business logic integrated in this approach is validated by real rail accident scenarios and a remotely operated task. At first, we proposed a dysfunctional analysis ontology called DAO and based on the high-level ontology UFO. DAO considers the socio-technical and environmental aspects of SCS and integrates the different types of faults and cognitive properties that are respectively related to technical failures and human errors. The DAO conceptual model is expressed in OntoUML and formalized in OWL language in order to provide a reasoning support. Then, a semantic bridge is established between safety measures, safety goals and safety requirements through the development of a goal-oriented security management ontology, called GOSMO. The management of safety decisions is based on the reinterpretation of the Or-Bac access control model from a safety point of view. In order to ensure the overall consistency of requirements, GOSMO allows structuring the management of requirements changes and their traceability

Lists of records in machine-printed documents contain much useful information. As one example, the thousands of family history books scanned, OCRed, and placed on-line by FamilySearch.org probably contain hundreds of millions of fact assertions about people, places, family relationships, and life events. Data like this cannot be fully utilized until a person or process locates the data in the document text, extracts it, and structures it with respect to an ontology or database schema. Yet, in the family history industry and other industries, data in lists goes largely unused because no known approach adequately addresses all of the costs, challenges, and requirements of a complete end-to-end solution to this task. The diverse information is costly to extract because many kinds of lists appear even within a single document, differing from each other in both structure and content. The lists' records and component data fields are usually not set apart explicitly from the rest of the text, especially in a corpus of OCRed historical documents. OCR errors and the lack of document structure (e.g. HMTL tags) make list content hard to recognize by a software tool developed without a substantial amount of highly specialized, hand-coded knowledge or machine learning supervision. Making an approach that is not only accurate but also sufficiently scalable in terms of time and space complexity to process a large corpus efficiently is especially challenging. In this dissertation, we introduce a novel family of scalable approaches to list discovery and ontology population. Its contributions include the following. We introduce the first general-purpose methods of which we are aware for both list detection and wrapper induction for lists in OCRed or other plain text. We formally outline a mapping between in-line labeled text and populated ontologies, effectively reducing the ontology population problem to a sequence labeling problem, opening the door to applying sequence labelers and other common text tools to the goal of populating a richly structured ontology from text. We provide a novel admissible heuristic for inducing regular expression wrappers using an A* search. We introduce two ways of modeling list-structured text with a hidden Markov model. We present two query strategies for active learning in a list-wrapper induction setting. Our primary contributions are two complete and scalable wrapper-induction-based solutions to the end-to-end challenge of finding lists, extracting data, and populating an ontology. The first has linear time and space complexity and extracts highly accurate information at a low cost in terms of user involvement. The second has time and space complexity that are linear in the size of the input text and quadratic in the length of an output record and achieves higher F1-measures for extracted information as a function of supervision cost. We measure the performance of each of these approaches and show that they perform better than strong baselines, including variations of our own approaches and a conditional random field-based approach.

Mit der stetigen Konsolidierung der Web Service Standards vollzieht sich in der Diskussion zu serviceorientierten Architekturen ein Wechsel weg von der Implementierung und dem Deployment von Services hin zum Service Management. Die Indikatoren: Anzahl der Standardisierungsanfragen und die Menge großer Forschungsprogramme in diesem Bereich sind evident für einen wachsenden Bedarf an Managementmethoden für die Abbildung von Geschäftsanforderungen auf Servicekompositionen. Die Verwendung von semiformalen Modellen sowie die verteilte Entwicklung von SOA Services machen eine an Konventionen orientierte konstruktive Einschränkung der Freiheitsgrade bei der Prozess- und Servicemodellierung notwendig. In dieser Arbeit wird eine generische Methode vorgestellt, welche durch die Einführung von „Beschreibungsrahmen“ (Description Kits) sowohl eine Einschränkung der Modellierungsfreiheit in Bezug auf natürlichsprachliche Aspekte in fachkonzeptuellen Modellen erlaubt, als auch eine restriktive Benutzung bestehender Modellierungssprachen ermöglicht. Als Anwendungsfall wird die Konfiguration serviceorientierter Architekturen diskutiert. - (Die Dissertation ist veröffentlicht im Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH, http://www.logos-verlag.de, ISBN: 978-3-8325-2402-9) / With Service-oriented Architectures (SOA) companies are facing a paradigm shift towards services as the key unit of their enterprise architectures. An exploitation of the potential of Service-oriented Architectures is up to the applicability of semi-formal business models for a transformation into service compositions. However, several conceptual shortcomings prevent semi-formal models from being a suitable resource of an automated transformation process. Problems result from a multitude of modeling aims, objects, and procedures. Enhancements in order to solve these problems require both systematic preparation, and a methodical approach. This thesis provides a modeling method for business process-oriented SOA design using a meta-model based approach. An integrated modeling environment gives an overview of business requirements and allows appropriate assignment of SOA services to the business functions at the same time. The research refers to the example of process-oriented analysis and optimization of administrative procedures in German universities.

Decision support systems are interactive, computer-based information systems that provide data and analysis tools in order to better assist managers on different levels of organization in the process of decision making. Data warehouses (DWs) have been developed and deployed as an integral part of decision support systems. <p><p>A data warehouse is a database that allows to store high volume of historical data required for analytical purposes. This data is extracted from operational databases, transformed into a coherent whole, and loaded into a DW during the extraction-transformation-loading (ETL) process. <p><p>DW data can be dynamically manipulated using on-line analytical processing (OLAP) systems. DW and OLAP systems rely on a multidimensional model that includes measures, dimensions, and hierarchies. Measures are usually numeric additive values that are used for quantitative evaluation of different aspects about organization. Dimensions provide different analysis perspectives while hierarchies allow to analyze measures on different levels of detail. <p><p>Nevertheless, currently, designers as well as users find difficult to specify multidimensional elements required for analysis. One reason for that is the lack of conceptual models for DW and OLAP system design, which would allow to express data requirements on an abstract level without considering implementation details. Another problem is that many kinds of complex hierarchies arising in real-world situations are not addressed by current DW and OLAP systems.<p><p>In order to help designers to build conceptual models for decision-support systems and to help users in better understanding the data to be analyzed, in this thesis we propose the MultiDimER model - a conceptual model used for representing multidimensional data for DW and OLAP applications. Our model is mainly based on the existing ER constructs, for example, entity types, attributes, relationship types with their usual semantics, allowing to represent the common concepts of dimensions, hierarchies, and measures. It also includes a conceptual classification of different kinds of hierarchies existing in real-world situations and proposes graphical notations for them.<p><p>On the other hand, currently users of DW and OLAP systems demand also the inclusion of spatial data, visualization of which allows to reveal patterns that are difficult to discover otherwise. The advantage of using spatial data in the analysis process is widely recognized since it allows to reveal patterns that are difficult to discover otherwise. <p><p>However, although DWs typically include a spatial or a location dimension, this dimension is usually represented in an alphanumeric format. Furthermore, there is still a lack of a systematic study that analyze the inclusion as well as the management of hierarchies and measures that are represented using spatial data. <p><p>With the aim of satisfying the growing requirements of decision-making users, we extend the MultiDimER model by allowing to include spatial data in the different elements composing the multidimensional model. The novelty of our contribution lays in the fact that a multidimensional model is seldom used for representing spatial data. To succeed with our proposal, we applied the research achievements in the field of spatial databases to the specific features of a multidimensional model. The spatial extension of a multidimensional model raises several issues, to which we refer in this thesis, such as the influence of different topological relationships between spatial objects forming a hierarchy on the procedures required for measure aggregations, aggregations of spatial measures, the inclusion of spatial measures without the presence of spatial dimensions, among others. <p><p>Moreover, one of the important characteristics of multidimensional models is the presence of a time dimension for keeping track of changes in measures. However, this dimension cannot be used to model changes in other dimensions. <p>Therefore, usual multidimensional models are not symmetric in the way of representing changes for measures and dimensions. Further, there is still a lack of analysis indicating which concepts already developed for providing temporal support in conventional databases can be applied and be useful for different elements composing a multidimensional model. <p><p>In order to handle in a similar manner temporal changes to all elements of a multidimensional model, we introduce a temporal extension for the MultiDimER model. This extension is based on the research in the area of temporal databases, which have been successfully used for modeling time-varying information for several decades. We propose the inclusion of different temporal types, such as valid and transaction time, which are obtained from source systems, in addition to the DW loading time generated in DWs. We use this temporal support for a conceptual representation of time-varying dimensions, hierarchies, and measures. We also refer to specific constraints that should be imposed on time-varying hierarchies and to the problem of handling multiple time granularities between source systems and DWs. <p><p>Furthermore, the design of DWs is not an easy task. It requires to consider all phases from the requirements specification to the final implementation including the ETL process. It should also take into account that the inclusion of different data items in a DW depends on both, users' needs and data availability in source systems. However, currently, designers must rely on their experience due to the lack of a methodological framework that considers above-mentioned aspects. <p><p>In order to assist developers during the DW design process, we propose a methodology for the design of conventional, spatial, and temporal DWs. We refer to different phases, such as requirements specification, conceptual, logical, and physical modeling. We include three different methods for requirements specification depending on whether users, operational data sources, or both are the driving force in the process of requirement gathering. We show how each method leads to the creation of a conceptual multidimensional model. We also present logical and physical design phases that refer to DW structures and the ETL process.<p><p>To ensure the correctness of the proposed conceptual models, i.e. with conventional data, with the spatial data, and with time-varying data, we formally define them providing their syntax and semantics. With the aim of assessing the usability of our conceptual model including representation of different kinds of hierarchies as well as spatial and temporal support, we present real-world examples. Pursuing the goal that the proposed conceptual solutions can be implemented, we include their logical representations using relational and object-relational databases.<p> / Doctorat en sciences appliquées / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Mit der stetigen Konsolidierung der Web Service Standards vollzieht sich in der Diskussion zu serviceorientierten Architekturen ein Wechsel weg von der Implementierung und dem Deployment von Services hin zum Service Management. Die Indikatoren: Anzahl der Standardisierungsanfragen und die Menge großer Forschungsprogramme in diesem Bereich sind evident für einen wachsenden Bedarf an Managementmethoden für die Abbildung von Geschäftsanforderungen auf Servicekompositionen. Die Verwendung von semiformalen Modellen sowie die verteilte Entwicklung von SOA Services machen eine an Konventionen orientierte konstruktive Einschränkung der Freiheitsgrade bei der Prozess- und Servicemodellierung notwendig. In dieser Arbeit wird eine generische Methode vorgestellt, welche durch die Einführung von „Beschreibungsrahmen“ (Description Kits) sowohl eine Einschränkung der Modellierungsfreiheit in Bezug auf natürlichsprachliche Aspekte in fachkonzeptuellen Modellen erlaubt, als auch eine restriktive Benutzung bestehender Modellierungssprachen ermöglicht. Als Anwendungsfall wird die Konfiguration serviceorientierter Architekturen diskutiert. - (Die Dissertation ist veröffentlicht im Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH, http://www.logos-verlag.de, ISBN: 978-3-8325-2402-9) / With Service-oriented Architectures (SOA) companies are facing a paradigm shift towards services as the key unit of their enterprise architectures. An exploitation of the potential of Service-oriented Architectures is up to the applicability of semi-formal business models for a transformation into service compositions. However, several conceptual shortcomings prevent semi-formal models from being a suitable resource of an automated transformation process. Problems result from a multitude of modeling aims, objects, and procedures. Enhancements in order to solve these problems require both systematic preparation, and a methodical approach. This thesis provides a modeling method for business process-oriented SOA design using a meta-model based approach. An integrated modeling environment gives an overview of business requirements and allows appropriate assignment of SOA services to the business functions at the same time. The research refers to the example of process-oriented analysis and optimization of administrative procedures in German universities.