Jane Austen (1775- 1817) vécut à une période de ruptures politiques, économiques et sociales sur lesquelles se greffèrent des expériences de la séparation sur les plans familiaux, personnels mais également professionnels et littéraires qui engendrèrent un sentiment de déchirure, sinon conscient, du moins profond. Le sentiment de la déliquescence du lien social et le besoin conséquent de liant qui émanent de ses 9 romans sont le reflet littéraire de ces expériences initiales fortes de la déliaison. De ce constat – navré – de la fragmentation du monde résulte l’élaboration d’une véritable éthique de l’attachement qui témoigne d’une préoccupation centrale pour les notions de sociabilité, de bienveillance et de politesse. Celles-ci définissent le souci d’autrui comme la voie tant de l’harmonie sociale que de la félicité et de la moralité, mettant en avant le rôle essentiel de la médiation d’autrui dans la constitution du sujet et établissant Austen non seulement en véritable romancière de l’union mais en romancière conservatrice. Cependant, chez Austen, le maillage se fait également procédé d’écriture, relevant d’une volonté de structuration, d’ordre et de contrôle scripturaux, qui, si elle accorde une place de choix au lien avec le lecteur, n’est pas sans présenter des ambivalences conséquentes. Le maillage ne cacherait-il pas autre chose qu’un besoin de relier le monde ? Ne participerait-il pas, au final, à définir Austen comme une romancière de l’Ego, travaillée par la notion de désir et partageant notamment les préoccupations de ses contemporains romantiques ? / Our project is to offer an analysis of the nine major works of English novelist Jane Austen. Austen (1775-1817) lived through a time of political, economic and social changes, on top of which came further personal and professional experiences of loss and separation which led to an overwhelming sense of fragmentation. As to counter what she deemed a serious threat to her world, Austen thus elaborates a profound ethics of attachment, testifying to a real concern for the notions of sociability, sympathy and politeness, which bears striking similarities with Shaftesbury’s philosophy. Concern for others is defined as the only real path towards social harmony, personal felicity and morality, underlining the centrality of social relationships in Austen’s representation of the individual. However, we will throw light on the complexity and problems of such representation, so as to show how instrumental those ambivalences are in defining Austen actually as a novelist of the « I », preoccupied with the notion of personal desire and sharing the concerns of her Romantic contemporaries as early as Northanger Abbey and Sense and Sensibility.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:43:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudia Moraes Pereira.pdf: 1818751 bytes, checksum: 6416fc1f7a419f915152b68adfeed734 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-26 / The homosexual family is one of the several family types in the contemporary society. It is constructed, deconstructed and reconstructed while dynamic relationships are established in the social everyday life. Thus, this study focuses on the reflection upon the contradictions which permeate the homosexual family in the contemporary society, more specifically in the conception of family for the couples that take part in the study. Its general objective is to comprehend how the families which participate in the study are organized and construct a conception of family within the contradictions that involve the familial context. It is qualitative research whose locus was the Grupo Dignidade (Dignity Group) and its members. The analysis of results has five main axes: a) the subjects’ concept of family; b) the homosexual family construction; c) the social reproduction of male and female; d) the marriage and its meanings; and e) the society view as seen by the subjects. Results revealed that the couples who took part in the study present different conceptions of family and from that establish social and familial relationships. Also, the reproduction of elements such as sexual division of labor and violence between partners, which are conflicts characteristic of the nuclear family, is observed. It is worth to highlight that there is internalization of the prejudice by the couples, even if at the same time they point to some advancement in the society view to recognize the homosexual families. The study also verifies that the homosexual family is in the social relations set, trying to be established and fight its inherent conflicts. / A família homossexual é um dos diversos arranjos familiares existentes na sociedade contemporânea. Ela se constrói, se desconstrói e se reconstrói na medida em que estabelece relações dinâmicas no cotidiano social. Assim, o objeto da presente pesquisa centra-se na reflexão sobre as contradições que permeiam a família homossexual na sociedade contemporânea, especificamente na concepção de família para os casais participantes. O objetivo geral da mesma é compreender como as famílias participantes do estudo se organizam e constroem uma concepção de família em meio às contradições que envolvem o contexto familiar. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa que teve como lócus o Grupo Dignidade e seus participantes. A análise dos resultados está centrada em cinco eixos principais: a) A concepção de família dos sujeitos; b) A construção da família homossexual; c) A reprodução social da masculinidade e feminilidade; d) O casamento e seus significados; e) A visão da sociedade pela ótica dos sujeitos. Os resultados evidenciaram que os casais participantes apresentam diferentes concepções sobre família e, a partir disso, estabelecem relações sociais e familiares. Ainda, observa-se a reprodução de elementos como divisão sexual do trabalho e violência entre casais, conflitos característicos da família nuclear. Vale destacar que há a internalização do preconceito por parte dos casais, ao mesmo tempo em que apontam para um avanço do olhar da sociedade para o reconhecimento das famílias homossexuais. Com essa pesquisa verifica-se que a família homossexual está no conjunto das relações sociais, buscando se estabelecer e enfrentar os conflitos inerentes a ela.

In the context of English youth and community work, this research project investigates digital tools, spaces and places as mediators of youth work practice, and proposes a model formulated through the identification of expansive drivers to guide both professional conduct and curriculum-based practice. The lives of English young people today are shaped by technologies which make interaction in a variety of digital spaces and places possible, yet there are divided views within the youth work community of practice about the place of digital tools, spaces and places as mediators of informal learning in a discipline traditionally focused on association, relationships and critical dialogue. Supported by the conceptual framework of Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT), Developmental Work Research (DWR) techniques have been used to gather data from four English youth and community work practitioners through a workshop-based approach framed by CHAT pre-suppositions and the first three stages of Engestrom’s expansive learning cycle. The data analysis uses the four areas where contradictions can manifest within CHAT activity systems to examine how the use of digital tools, spaces and places aligns with youth work values and principles, and to examine how they can mediate informal learning opportunities with young people. The contribution to knowledge comprises the identification of four ‘spaces’ which are named as safety, production, information and communication, and which form the basis of a model to scaffold the professional use of digital tools, spaces and places as mediators of youth work practice. Expansive drivers, defined as the forces for learning, development and change, are identified within each of the spaces within the model and examined using continuum-based representations portraying professional practice and curriculum-based priorities. Metaphors of digital space and place emerging from within the DWR process are also appraised as a means to situate the work. The model is underpinned firstly by the premise that a youth worker’s choice of digital tool, space or place needs to be based on the needs and input of young people. Secondly, that using digital tools, spaces and places as mediators of youth work practice is most effective as an extension to existing face-to-face youth work where relationships between young people and youth workers have already been formed.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2014-10-06T11:09:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Uelinton Barbosa Rodrigues - 2007.pdf: 2310099 bytes, checksum: fecb92ae6fdaf685265c785b527a20a4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-10-06T15:43:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Uelinton Barbosa Rodrigues - 2007.pdf: 2310099 bytes, checksum: fecb92ae6fdaf685265c785b527a20a4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-06T15:43:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Uelinton Barbosa Rodrigues - 2007.pdf: 2310099 bytes, checksum: fecb92ae6fdaf685265c785b527a20a4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Goiano‟s migration to the developed countries, especially for the United States and European countries is the central object of the work. One searched to understand, from the category work and of the social nets of migrantes, the involved nuances in the migratory tram. The bridge between work and social nets of migrantes pack the analysis that, even so considering the phenomenon in a totalized perspective, considered the goiano‟s space particularitities. The interpretation of the migratory process, from the capture of the goiano territory and the representations told for the proper migrante is basic elements of the work, as well as the consequent contradictions that derive from the act of migrar. The work operated with data, documents, photographs and also with qualitative sources that had allowed to synthecize that the goiano‟s migration for the developed countries discloses Goiás, the world and the happened social dramas of a exploring capitalist society. / A migração de goianos para os países desenvolvidos, especialmente para os Estados Unidos e países Europeus, é o objeto central do trabalho. Buscou-se compreender, a partir da categoria trabalho e das redes sociais de migrantes, as nuanças envolvidas na trama migratória. A ponte entre trabalho e redes sociais de migrantes permeia a análise que, embora considerando o fenômeno numa perspectiva totalizante, considerou as particularidades espaciais do goiano. A interpretação do processo migratório, a partir da captura do território goiano e das representações narradas pelo próprio migrante, são elementos fundamentais do trabalho, bem como as conseqüentes contradições que derivam do ato de migrar. O trabalho operou com dados, documentos, fotografias e também com fontes qualitativas que permitiram sintetizar que a migração do goiano para os países desenvolvidos revela Goiás, o mundo e os dramas sociais advindos de uma sociedade capitalista exploradora.

Esta tese de doutorado aborda o processo de formação e a prática profissional dos educadores da rede pública municipal e estadual da cidade de Igrejinha, RS. Este é um estudo de caso que segue a teoria materialista e utiliza as categorias filosóficas do Materialismo Dialético, as categorias sociológicas do Materialismo Histórico e também as categorias da Economia Política de Marx. A partir do Materialismo Dialético, analisamos os princípios, as leis e as categorias que estão imbricadas no processo de formação dos professores e também envolvidas em sua prática profissional. Esta tese é caracterizada como um estudo de caso que procura analisar as contradições existentes entre a formação e a prática profissional dos professores da rede pública municipal e estadual de ensino dentro de uma visão de totalidade. Com esta tese procuramos conhecer e compreender as contradições existentes entre a formação e a prática profissional e, num segundo momento, sugerimos ações concretas e viáveis no sentido de melhorar a prática dos educadores em sala de aula e, conseqüentemente, contribuir para a melhoria do nível de qualidade da educação pública na cidade de Igrejinha, RS. Nesta tese, afirmo que as contradições existentes entre a formação e a prática profissional dos educadores estão relacionadas com o baixo nível de qualidade da educação igrejinhense e também contribuem para que haja um clima de desânimo e desmotivação entre os professores, alunos e os diferentes profissionais que estão envolvidos com a educação. Os dados que expusemos nesta tese são provenientes de pesquisas em fontes bibliográficas e documentais e, como técnicas de coletas de dados, utilizamos a entrevista semi-estruturada e a observação semi-dirigida das aulas de dez professores. A partir desta tese, podemos afirmar que é urgente a viabilização de projetos destinados a organização de ações concretas voltadas à formação continuada/permanente dos professores para que estes consigam harmonizar mais a dimensão teórica com a dimensão prática presentes no processo pedagógico. O aumento dos investimentos em educação para a concretização de uma política salarial justa, bem como o aumento dos salários, são soluções que se impõem em regime de urgência como saída para estimular os professores que lutam em diferentes salas de aula em diversas turmas de alunos. Preconizamos que a educação e a formação são fenômenos políticos capazes de contribuir no processo de emancipação dos seres humanos e, a partir disto, preparar os jovens para o exercício consciente da cidadania e, desta forma, estaremos criando condições para aperfeiçoar a democracia e transformar a sociedade. / This doctoral thesis addresses the educators’ professional training and practice process of the municipal and state public network of the city of Igrejinha, RS. This is a case study that follows the materialist theory and uses the philosophical categories of the Dialectical Materialism, the Historical Materialism sociological categories and also Marx's Political Economy categories. From the Dialectical Materialism we discuss the principles, laws and categories that are interlinked in the training process of the teachers and also involved in their professional practices. This thesis is characterized as a case study that tries to analyze the existing contradictions between the municipal and state public network education teachers’ training and practice within a vision of totality. With this thesis we try know and understand the contradictions between the professional training and practice, and at a second time, we suggest concrete and viable actions in the sense of improving the educators’ practice in the classroom and thus contribute to improving the level of quality of public education in Igrejinha, RS. In this thesis I state that the existing contradictions between the educators’ professional training and practice are linked to the low quality level of Igrejinha’s education and they also contribute to a discouragement atmosphere and demotivation among the teachers, students and various professionals who are involved with education. The data that we outlined in this thesis come from research in bibliographic and documentary sources, and as data collection techniques, we used the semistructured interview and the semi-directed observation of ten teachers’ lessons. From this thesis we can claim that the viability of projects for the organization of concrete actions focusing on teachers’ continuing/permanent education is urgent so that they can harmonize more the theoretical dimension together with the practice dimension present in the pedagogical process. The education investment raise to the achievement of a fair wage policy, as well as the wage raise, are solutions that are required under the emergency regime as a way out to stimulate teachers who struggle in different classrooms in various students’ groups. We advocate that education and training are political phenomena able to contribute in the process of emancipation of human beings and from that prepare young people to the conscious exercise of citizenship and thus we are creating conditions for enhancing democracy and transform the society.

O presente trabalho propõe-se a analisar a controvérsia da experimentação animal por meio do método da dialética materialista a partir de duas unidades que compõem a temática: o teor dos argumentos usados por diferentes atores na controvérsia e as contradições que engendram os sistemas de atividade dos sujeitos. Por meio da dialética, buscou-se superar a dualidade dos argumentos apresentados, na busca por novas formas de divulgação científica. Sem julgar a validade e o mérito das argumentações, foram analisados o discurso de duas pesquisadoras, dois ativistas, um político e um representante do Conselho Nacional de Controle de Experimentação Animal. A partir do arcabouço estrutural da Teoria da Atividade, proposto por Engeström, buscamos compreender onde se localizam as contradições mais evidentes no discurso dos sujeitos e discutir como ações de divulgação científica poderiam propiciar um ambiente favorável para a superação dessas contradições e o desenvolvimento qualitativo do sistema de atividade. Por essa razão, queremos trazer, para esta investigação, as conferências de consenso como ferramenta inovadora de comunicação da ciência, em uma abordagem deliberativa e com participação ativa da sociedade, que nos auxilie no avanço desses conflitos. / This study proposes to analyze the controversy of animal experiments by the method of materialist dialectics from two units that make up the theme: the content of the arguments used by different actors in the controversy and contradictions that engender the activity systems subject. Through the dialectic, he sought to overcome the duality of the arguments made in the search for new forms of science communication. Without judging the validity and the merits of the arguments, we analyzed the speech of two researchers, two activists, a politician and a representative of the National Council for Animal Experimentation Control. From the structural framework of Activity Theory, proposed by Engeström, we try to understand where there are the most obvious contradictions in the discourse of subjects and discuss how science communication actions could provide a favorable environment for overcoming these contradictions and the qualitative development of the system activity. For this reason, we want to bring to this research, consensus conferences as an innovative communication tool of science, in a deliberative approach and active participation of society, to assist in the advancement of these conflicts.

La coopération entre l’Union européenne et les pays d’Afrique, des Caraïbes et du Pacifique (ACP) n’a pas permis aux Pays ACP d’atteindre leurs objectifs de développement et la fin des Accords de Cotonou prévue pour 2020 arrive à grand pas. Cette thèse s’est donné pour ambition d’aller au-delà de l’analyse des programmes européens de développement pour montrer les logiques, les processus, les contradictions en oeuvre dans le champ de la coopération ainsi que les représentations des acteurs. Ce travail s’inscrit dans une perspective d’anthropologie politique pour apporter de nouveaux éléments à la compréhension de la coopération entre l’Union européenne et les pays ACP. / The cooperation between European Union and the African, Caribbean and the Pacific (ACP) countries did not allow the ACP countries to reach their development goals and the end of Cotonou agreements in 2020 is fast approaching. The aim of this thesis is to go beyond the analysis of European development programs to show the logics, processes, contradictions at play in the field of cooperation as well as the representations of the actors. This work falls within the framework of a political anthropology perspective in order to bring forth new elements for a better understanding of the cooperation between European Union and the ACP countries.

The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the actions of online language learners from an activity theoretical perspective. It also attempted to explain how the students' learning outcomes evolved from their online learning experiences. This explanation placed an emphasis on the learners' previous experiences, defining their activity systems, the use of mediational tools, and the resolution of contradictions. Within this activity theoretical case study a background survey, four interviews, and three field observations were conducted with seven foreign language students of an online Spanish course. The students' on-screen actions were recorded and subsequently documented in a video episode log. This log, the background survey, and the interview transcripts were coded for the a priori categories established in the research questions and for emergent themes. Seven mediational tools were identified, including a widespread use of online dictionaries and translators. The students attempted to use the mediational tools to gain control over their online language learning; however, as exhibited by the students' varying levels of regulation, some students were unable to reach or maintain self-regulation while using computer-based tools. In addition, the nature of the mediational tool use appeared to be influenced by the variety of linguistic backgrounds. Three levels of contradictions were identified including: conflicting-object contradictions, inter-activity contradictions, and technology-related contradictions. The findings of this study indicated that contradictions may be invisible to the subject of the activity. Furthermore, it was noted in this research that some students may have the capacity to identify the contradiction, yet they may not have the desire or motivation required to make the necessary change to further learning and development within the activity. Thus, contradictions may not always be resolved even when they are visible.

<p>Denna uppsats är, precis som titeln anger, en analys av sambandet mellan motsägelser och ångest. De nutida vardagsuttrycken för begreppen utreds och granskas med hjälp av känslo- och rationalitetsfilosofiska teorier och distinktioner ifrån Arne Næss och Jean-Paul Sartre. Författaren föreslår en egen definition av ångest och jämför denna med andra filosofers och tankeskolors definitioner av begreppet. Författarens syn på ångest skiljer sig från Sartres, då han menar att ångest kan lösas upp och att den ofta är väldigt specifik och konkret till sin karaktär, medan Sartre menar att ångesten är omöjlig att lösgöra sig ifrån och att den är av ett mycket mer generellt slag. Detta konkreta och specifika element i den ångestdefinition, som författaren vill lägga fram, består i att ångesten uppstår i vissa valsituationer där valalternativen, i någon form, är sinsemellan motsägande och där ett val är tvunget att göras.</p> / <p>This paper is, as the title states, an analysis of the connection between contradictionsand anxiety. The present everyday expressions of these concepts are investigated with the help of philosophical theories from Arne Næss and Jean-Paul Sartre concerning emotions and rationality. The author presents his own definition of anxiety and compares it to other philosophers and thinkers’ definitions of the same concepts, and this way he reaches a conclusion. For example this conclusion diverge with Sartre’s view of anxiety, because the author states that it is possible to get free from anxiety and that it is often something very particular and precice, while Sartre says it is impossible to free yourself from it and that it is very general by nature. This specific element in the author’s definition of anxiety lies in the fact that he thinks of it as something that often occurs in situations with two or more options, and where these options are, amongst themself, contradictory in one form or an other, and where a choice has to be made.</p>

Denna uppsats är, precis som titeln anger, en analys av sambandet mellan motsägelser och ångest. De nutida vardagsuttrycken för begreppen utreds och granskas med hjälp av känslo- och rationalitetsfilosofiska teorier och distinktioner ifrån Arne Næss och Jean-Paul Sartre. Författaren föreslår en egen definition av ångest och jämför denna med andra filosofers och tankeskolors definitioner av begreppet. Författarens syn på ångest skiljer sig från Sartres, då han menar att ångest kan lösas upp och att den ofta är väldigt specifik och konkret till sin karaktär, medan Sartre menar att ångesten är omöjlig att lösgöra sig ifrån och att den är av ett mycket mer generellt slag. Detta konkreta och specifika element i den ångestdefinition, som författaren vill lägga fram, består i att ångesten uppstår i vissa valsituationer där valalternativen, i någon form, är sinsemellan motsägande och där ett val är tvunget att göras. / This paper is, as the title states, an analysis of the connection between contradictionsand anxiety. The present everyday expressions of these concepts are investigated with the help of philosophical theories from Arne Næss and Jean-Paul Sartre concerning emotions and rationality. The author presents his own definition of anxiety and compares it to other philosophers and thinkers’ definitions of the same concepts, and this way he reaches a conclusion. For example this conclusion diverge with Sartre’s view of anxiety, because the author states that it is possible to get free from anxiety and that it is often something very particular and precice, while Sartre says it is impossible to free yourself from it and that it is very general by nature. This specific element in the author’s definition of anxiety lies in the fact that he thinks of it as something that often occurs in situations with two or more options, and where these options are, amongst themself, contradictory in one form or an other, and where a choice has to be made.