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Background: COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by WHO in March 2020. Intensive care nurses challenges were to treat critically ill infected with the virus, were the knowledge of treatment, protective gear, spread of infection and mortality was unknown. They were unsure about how the pandemic would progress and the information was inexplicit. To work as an intensive care nurse during a pandemic can lead to negative experiences and psychological distress.  Motive: By analyzing and describe experiences of working during the COVID-19 pandemic, a deeper understanding is created and can be used as basis for creating new and improved routines.   Aim: To describe intensive care nurses’ experiences of working during the COVID-19 pandemic.  Methods: Metasynthesis, sample process inspired by the SBU: s method. The databases PsycINFO, Cinahl and PubMed were used. Inclusion criteria; qualitative method including intensive care/critical care nurses, nurses working with COVID-19 patients that requires intensive care, and that the study includes experiences of working during the COVID-19 pandemic, Moderate quality according to the SBU: s Quality audit, Peer-reviewed and written in English or Swedish.  Result: The analysis was made using qualitative content analysis. Resulted in five categories; Organizational challenges, Effect on life outside the intensive care unit, Challenges of using the personal protective gear, A struggle to keep up motivation, and Challenges in providing holistic care with fourteen subcategories.  Conclusion: Intensive care nurses experienced that the COVID-19 pandemic affected them both mentally, physically, inside and outside the hospital. They experienced lack of support from the organization, struggles with the constant changes, lack of education and experience, heavy workload, fear of getting infected or infection one’s own family, lack of and use of personal protective gear. This effected the care the patient and the patients’ family in a negative way. Despite this the intensive care nurse had hope for the future and professional pride.

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BACKGROUND: Epilepsy monitoring units (EMUs) provide a safe environment for forming a more illustrative understanding of the patient’s seizure disorder. Patients are admitted to EMUs usually for several days at a time. Upon admission, electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes are placed and patients are continuously watched via EEG, video, and audio means. By weaning patients off anti-epileptic medications and monitoring brain activity with EEGs, the data will typically allow for a stronger appreciation of the seizure activity. Therefore, it will provide information to develop a more targeted clinical approach for the patient. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study is to gain a better understanding of patients’ expectations and experiences with being monitored for seizure activity in an EMU, especially during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic METHODS: Patients were interviewed with regards to their inpatient EMU admission for continuous EEG monitoring at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC). Phone interviews were conducted both before and after the EMU admission for each patient, using a structured questionnaire that focused on topics such as proclaimed knowledge of personal seizure disorder, quality of life, EMU experience, and hospital admission during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patient responses were documented and analyzed in an exploratory manner to identify relevant themes. The study was conducted according to a protocol approved by the BIDMC Committee on Clinical Investigations. RESULTS: From September 2020 through December 2020, 15 patients were enrolled and interviewed (11 female; age range 26-68 years [median 48]; length of stay range 2-12 days [median 5]). The majority of the population was admitted for event capture or seizure characterization (13/15) and had a history of seizure activity (14/15). The majority of patients had a history of focal seizures (12). Only 4/15 patients had a family history of seizures. Overall, patients felt extremely comfortable speaking with providers. A third (4/12) did not have any notable negative experiences. There were no overarching patterns to the negative experiences that were reported; most responses were specific to the individual. The vast majority (83.3%) applauded providers and staff involved in their EMU admission. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, epilepsy patients had mostly positive experiences with their EMU hospitalization at BIDMC. Continuous EEG monitoring remains an important aspect of clinical epilepsy evaluation for some patients, and was a feasible and well-tolerated procedure even during pandemic-altered circumstances.

This essay is a corpus-based and quantitative study on language change that has occurred during global events, such as the Covid-19 pandemic. Global events especially affect the English language since it is a global language. In this essay, language change, collocation patterns and semantic prosody are discussed to compare the use of language and investigate whether any changes have occurred during the pandemic. These factors are studied since changes in collocation patterns can give words new meaning and possibly also a new semantic prosody. The collocations that are two or more words that often go together and the frequency of 10 sets of words are studied in particular, since they are often used during the Covid-19 pandemic. The British national corpus (BNC) and the Coronavirus Corpus (CVC) are used in the study to retrieve information on collocational patterns. By using the two corpora, it is possible to investigate the collocations during the pandemic by using CVC, and BNC for a comparison to the collocational use before the pandemic. This is done by using the collocate function in the corpora and investigating the collocates of two words on either side of the node. The major findings from the research reported in this essay show that many of the words have received additional meaning during the pandemic through their collocations, and they are most commonly neutral in semantic prosody.

Virusutbrottet i den kinesiska mångmiljonstaden Wuhan blev startskottet på en intensiv och utbredd spridning av det nyupptäckta coronaviruset. Under våren år 2020 blev smittan globalt omfattande och pandemin var ett faktum. I samband med att Sverige drabbades av viruset intensifierades den svenska mediebevakningen om ämnet. Uttalanden samt spekulationer om virusets verkan och varaktighet från olika aktörer blev en del av svenska folkets vardag. Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka hur Sveriges fyra största tidningar (Aftonbladet, Expressen, DN och SvD) rapporterat om coronaviruspandemin under den avgränsade tidsperioden 15 februari 2020 till och med 15 mars 2020. Studiens frågeställningar behandlar både hur rapporteringen gestaltats i respektive tidning och om vilka aktörer/källor som varit mest framträdande i densamma. De teoretiska ramarna består av olika delar av gestaltningsteorin och teorier om nyhetsvärdering. Metoden som används är kvantitativ innehållsanalys där totalt 120 tryckta artiklar från ovan nämnda tidningar som avhandlar coronaviruset analyseras utifrån variabler som bland annat berör huvudämne, karaktär, typ av källa och gestaltningsform. I stora drag visar studiens resultat på att ovan nämnda tidningars rapportering under denna tidsperiod var homogen och följde ett strömlinjeformat mönster. Rapporteringen behandlade vanligtvis ämnet från ett övergripande perspektiv, artiklarna innehöll överlag en alarmerande karaktär och sjukdom/dödsfall var ett återkommande huvudämne i samtliga tidningar. Även i aktörsaspekten påträffades gemensamma drag i rapporteringen då tidningarna tenderade att ge liknande källor utrymme för att uttala sig i artiklarna.

This is a qualitative study that explores elderly Syrian immigrants’ experiences of using smartphones for information and social interaction during the coronavirus pandemic in Gavle, Sweden. The sample used in this study consists of five elderly Syrian immigrants from Gavle city. The data was collected through five semi-structured online interviews; the social capital theory was used together with previous research to analyze the results. The results show that the use of smartphones had a very important role in the social interaction of Syrian immigrants during the Coronavirus pandemic. The use of smartphones during the Coronavirus crisis reduced the negative effects of the social distancing policy, facilitated communication and interactions with family and friends, and communication with health and social services. Moreover, smartphones are a renewed source of scientific information regarding the Coronavirus pandemic worldwide. The results of this study show some simple challenges faced by this sample of elderly Syrian immigrants while using smartphones for social interactions.

Date: 09 – 06 – 2020                                     Level: Bachelor Thesis in Business Administration, 15 hp   Institution: School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University   Authors:         Abdullah Al-jadir       Mohamad Alnemesh                 1996-01-13                   1990-01-03   Title: Exploration of the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to the healthcare industry Supply Chain.   Tutor: Edward Gillmore   Keywords: Viruses, Coronavirus, COVID-19, Supply Chain, Healthcare, healthcare industry, Logistics, Stockholm.   Research question: To what extent does the global pandemic COVID-19 have an impact on the supply chain of the healthcare industry in Stockholm? Purpose: The purpose of the study is to discover how the healthcare industry is affected by a global pandemic through the supply chain in Stockholm.    Method: The study is based on a qualitative method involving secondary and primary data in order to fulfill the research’s purpose. Interviews were conducted with several personnel in the healthcare industry.   Conclusion: Concluded that Stockholm including the rest of the world is put in a critical condition due to unavailable medical tools and restrictions in the supply chain resulting in shortages.

The COVID-19 epidemic has spawned an "infodemic,"with excessive and unfounded information that hinders an appropriate public health response. This perspective describes a selection of COVID-19 fake news that originated in Peru and the government's response to this information. Unlike other countries, Peru was relatively successful in controlling the infodemic possibly because of the implementation of prison sentences for persons who created and shared fake news. We believe that similar actions by other countries in collaboration with social media companies may offer a solution to the infodemic problem. / Revisión por pares

The thesis documents circumstances of TV news production at the time when the government was taking unprecedented measures to prevent from spreading of a new type of coronavirus (SARS- CoV-2). The documentation is based on ten interviews with Czech Television reporters and anchormen together with both the analysis and interpretation of these interviews. The work is bringing the evidence of journalists from the most turbulent period. It makes efforts to contextualize how the journalists perceived the government interventions as well as enforced changes in the course of their work. The thesis reflects also the role of the journalists themselves and how they see it themselves. The majority of interviews were done during emergency rule. The final text is based on oral history method alongside with the reflection on contact points with journalism. It reflects also on a possibility whether the coronavirus crisis might move both mentioned professions forward.