Submitted by Adriene Marchiori (adrienemarchiori@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-06-03T12:50:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DimitriOliveira-Dissertação-NPGA-2009-UFBA.pdf: 1223585 bytes, checksum: bde20cab8eede2e473fd7c96634bd96c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Uillis de Assis Santos (uillis.assis@ufba.br) on 2018-06-04T09:25:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DimitriOliveira-Dissertação-NPGA-2009-UFBA.pdf: 1223585 bytes, checksum: bde20cab8eede2e473fd7c96634bd96c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-04T09:25:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DimitriOliveira-Dissertação-NPGA-2009-UFBA.pdf: 1223585 bytes, checksum: bde20cab8eede2e473fd7c96634bd96c (MD5) / Na aurora do século XXI, o FMI, que durante duas décadas vinha pregando aquilo que viria a ser conhecido como o “neoliberalismo”, muda o seu discurso, introduzindo novos elementos na sua composição, gerando aquilo que ficou conhecido como o “pós-neoliberalismo”. O presente trabalho visa a analisar esta mudança do discurso do Fundo Monetário Internacional (FMI). Esta mudança aconteceu em função da grave crise financeira internacional somada à emergência do movimento altermundialista no cenário internacional, em especial o aparecimento da ATTAC (Associação pela Taxação das Transações Financeiras em Apoio aos Cidadãos e Cidadãs). Para tanto, vamos utilizar como ferramenta teórico-metodológica a análise crítica do discurso, que é um método que parte do pressuposto de que “poder” e “discurso” são palavras que se alternam, ou seja, que o discurso é a cristalização do poder, e que, portanto, é uma ferramenta para analisar como os discursos moldam o poder na sociedade, como este poder é desconfigurado, reconfigurado e desafiado pelo discurso e por sua mudança. Faremos isso a partir da análise dos informes anuais do Fundo Monetário Internacional, nos quais se torna evidente esta mudança, em confronto com o discurso da plataforma internacional da ATTAC, que aponta para a emergência de uma contestação política ao que foi pregado pelas organizações multilaterais hegemônicas como o único modelo possível para a economia internacional. / At the dawn of the XXI century, the IMF, which for two decades was preaching what would become known as “neoliberalism”, change his discourse by introducing new elements in its composition, creating what became known as the “post-neoliberalism”. This study aims to analyze the change of the speech of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). This change happened in the light of serious international financial crisis combined with the emergence of the movement alterglobalization on the international scene, especially the emergence of ATTAC (Association for Taxation of Financial Transactions in Aid of Citizens). Thus, the critical discourse analysis will be used as theoretical and methodological tool, a method that the assumption that “power” and “discourse” are words that alternate, or that the discourse is the crystallization of power, and therefore is a tool to examine how the discourses shape power in society, as this power is unconfigured, reconfigured and challenged by discourse and by its change. We will do this from the analysis of Annual Reports of the International Monetary Fund, in which this change is evident in the discourse of confrontation with the International Platform of ATTAC, which points to the emergence of a political challenge to what was preached by multilateral organizations such as the single hegemonic model possible for the international economy.

Les crises fébriles représentent l'évènement épileptique le plus fréquent dans l'espèce humaine et touchent 5 % de la population. Bien que la bénignité de leur pronostic ait été établie par de nombreuses études prospectives, une infime proportion de ces enfants va développer un syndrome d'épilepsie mésio-temporale avec sclérose de l'hippocampe. L'hypothèse de ce travail est que la crise fébrile serait nécessaire mais non suffisante au développement de ce type d'épilepsie, un second élément au potentiel épileptogène serait ainsi indispensable. Notre travail a montré que les crises hyperthermiques chez la souris constituent une bonne approche pour modéliser les crises fébriles de l'enfant. Nous avons ainsi montré que les conséquences des crises hyperthermiques étaient différentes selon la séquence de survenue par rapport au second évènement épileptogène. (i) Lorsque la crise hyperthermique précède l'injection de kaïnate dans l'hippocampe, elle accélère la phase d'épileptogenèse et majore la dispersion des cellules granulaires du gyrus denté, sans modifier la perte cellulaire des neurones pyramidaux de la corne d'Ammon. Elle entraine également une modification du pattern des décharges rythmiques hippocampiques lors de la phase chronique, sans modifier la fréquence ni la durée de ces décharges. (ii) Lorsque la crise hyperthermique succède à la présence d'une dysplasie de la partie CA3 de la corne d'Ammon d'origine génétique, elle semble diminuer le risque de crise chez les animaux KO pour le gène de la double cortine. Pourtant, l'augmentation de la fréquence d'une néo-expression du NPY par les cellules granulaires, chez les animaux Hz pour cette mutation, suggère que les crises hyperthermiques favoriseraient la route vers une épilepsie, tout en activant la mise en place de mécanismes protecteurs contre la survenue des crises. En conclusion, les crises hyperthermiques faciliteraient la route vers l'épilepsie, mais n'auraient pas d'effet facilitateur sur la route vers la crise. / Whereas febrile seizures are the most common seizure type in children and are reported in the history of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, their role in its etiology remains controversial. They have been suggested to modify the functional organization of the hippocampus but to require another insult to induce epilepsy. To test this hypothesis, we developed a model of hyperthermic seizures in mice and examined their long-term consequences on a second insult induced either by (i) intra-hippocampal kaïnic acid injection in adult animals or by (ii) hippocampal dysplasia developed by double-cortin knock-out mice. (i) While adults, mice that were subjected to hyperthermic seizures developed epileptogenesis more rapidly than sham mice. The occurrence and duration of hippocampal paroxysmal discharges were not modified by hyperthermic seizures, as was their mean time-frequency. In this model, hyperthermic seizures increased the granular cells dispersion, but have no influence on the massif pyramidal cell loss. (ii) In preexisting hippocampal dysplasia, the occurrence of hyperthermic seizures did not increase the proportion of seizures in double-cortin knock-out mice after hyperthermic seizures, and suggest that hyperthermic seizures rather might decrease recurrent seizures via the neo-expression of NPY. In conclusion, hyperthermic seizures in immature mice might facilitate the route to epilepsy, but did not exacerbate the route to seizures.

The view of on-site school support for curriculum delivery is shared by most countries and its effects have been felt by schools. There is fear that the Austerity Measures will negate the outcomes of the action taken by the teams that visit the schools. The reviewed literature is more biased towards the Austerity Measures in the whole government sector rather than in a department or an institution like the Education District in Idutywa. Even though the effects of Austerity Measures have been researched all over the world based on a specific country, there is deficiency of such literature done in the institution like the department of Education Districts. The researcher intends contributing to the filling of this gap by this study. The researcher therefore carried out a focused study of the effect of Department’s Austerity Measures on on-site school curriculum support in Idutywa Education District. It is also imperative to know how the teachers are affected by these departmental Austerity Measures, hence the interviews were carried out with the school personnel in addition to the District Professional staff. The District is characterised by poor performance in both Annual National Assessment (ANA) and the final National Senior Certificate results. The findings revealed that the implementation of AM have contributed to, amongst other things, the following issues: The inadequate on-site school support for curriculum delivery; The shortage of resources that includes teachers and vehicles; and ultimately the learner underperformance The researcher expect that the recommendation made will be embraced and be factored through, during the planning process of the Eastern Cape Department of Basic Education in order to improve learner performance.

As décadas de 1990 e 2000 foram marcadas por uma série de crises cambiais e financeiras no mundo, atingindo tanto os países emergentes quantos os países desenvolvidos, causando desajustes estruturais, financeiros e reais, nesses países. Identificar as crises cambiais e financeiras é mais complexo no mundo real do que na teoria, uma vez que os regimes cambiais em geral são flexíveis, mas administrados pelas autoridades monetárias, e as taxa de juros, em um contexto de livre mobilidade de capitais, são bastante voláteis. O objetivo do trabalho é centrar a atenção na condução da política cambial por parte das autoridades monetárias, em especial às dos países emergentes, como estratégia de estabilização dos preços e, marginalmente, de crescimento econômico, levando-se em consideração que uma taxa de câmbio de desequilíbrio tende não somente a afetar a dinâmica de preços e a trajetória de crescimento da atividade econômica, mas, também, a protagonizar desequilíbrios de balanço de pagamentos e, por conseguinte, crises cambiais. Diante deste contexto, procura-se verificar a relação de causalidade entre a volatilidade da taxa de câmbio e algumas variáveis macroeconômicas selecionadas, com o propósito de tentar encontrar elementos comuns que permitam entender os motivos que determinam o surgimento de crises cambiais nos países, independente do regime cambial vigente. Para tanto, torna-se necessário uma análise, através tanto da revisão bibliográfica quanto da estatística-descritiva, do funcionamento do mercado de câmbio, dos modelos de crises cambiais e dos desdobramentos das crises que afetaram os países emergentes, nas décadas de 1990 e 2000. Por fim, analisar os movimentos das variáveis macroeconômicas selecionadas e sua relação com o mercado de câmbio nos permite entender, ou verificar, quais fatores, com ou sem relação direta com os fundamentos macroeconômicos, influenciam a dinâmica econômica e a ocorrência de crises cambiais. / The decades of 1990 and 2000 were marked by a series of exchange rate and financial crises in the world, affecting both emerging and developed countries, and causing structural, financial, and real maladjustments in such countries. Identifying the exchange rate and financial crises is more complex in the real world than it is in theory, since exchange rate regimes in general are flexible, but administered by monetary authorities. In addition, the interest rates, in a context of free capital mobility, are quite volatile. The objective of this paper is to focus the attention on the conduct of the exchange rate policy by the monetary authorities, particularly those in emerging countries, as a strategy for the stabilization of prices and, to a smaller extent, of economic growth, taking into consideration that an imbalanced exchange rate tends not only to affect the price dynamics and the growth path of economic activity, but also to bring about disequilibria in balance of payments, and, as a consequence, exchange rate crises. In light of this context, it seeks to check whether there is a causal link between the volatility of the exchange rate and some selected macroeconomic variables, with a view to seeking common elements that enable an understanding of the reasons that determine the emergence of exchange rate crises in the countries, regardless of the existing exchange rate regime. To this end, it is necessary to carry out analysis, both through bibliographic review and descriptive statistics, of the functioning of the exchange market, of the currency crisis models, and of the outcomes of the crises that affected emerging countries in the decades of 1990 and 2000. Finally, analyzing the movements of the selected macroeconomic variables and their relation to the exchange market enables us to understand, or verify, which factors – either directly related to the macroeconomic fundamentals or not – influence the economic dynamics and the occurrence of exchange rate crises.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:57:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 LauroEmilioGdaSilva07052007.pdf.jpg: 16281 bytes, checksum: 5c8c2b1cb00ce8cbfd10e22ade32b5f4 (MD5) LauroEmilioGdaSilva07052007.pdf.txt: 273021 bytes, checksum: da1060a01625ffab20716e81020e5b27 (MD5) LauroEmilioGdaSilva07052007.pdf: 405391 bytes, checksum: 94f1a59d5bc0cfcfc7ced36200866339 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-07T00:00:00Z / A década de 90 foi marcada pela ocorrência de crises financeiras. As explicações, repetidas vezes, limitam-se a atribuir a causa destes episódios ao mau desempenho do governo, tanto pela manutenção de elevados déficits fiscais, quanto pela interferência que incentive o risco moral. Este trabalho discute uma nova explicação que, partindo do pressuposto de um mercado ineficiente, com informação assimétrica, investiga o papel da estratégia de uso de poupança externa como principal explicação para as crises recentes.

Depuis la stagflation observée consécutivement à la forte hausse du prix du pétrole en 1973 et 1979, les chocs pétroliers sont considérés comme l’une des sources de fluctuations potentiellement les plus importantes aux États-Unis comme dans de nombreux pays industrialisés. De nombreux articles ont étudié le rôle des chocs pétroliers dans la fluctuation des principales variables macroéconomiques à savoir, la croissance, le chômage, l’inflation et les salaires. Cependant, ces travaux n’ont pas encore permis d’aboutir à un consensus. Le débat s’est même intensifié au cours de cette dernière décennie, en raison d’une absence de réaction forte de l’économie réelle pendant la période d’augmentation du prix du pétrole entre 2002 et 2007. En effet, la récession qu’aurait dû engendrer une telle hausse des prix ne fut observée qu’au moment de la crise des subprimes en 2008. Plusieurs hypothèses furent avancées pour expliquer la différence entre les crises des années 1970 et 2000. Blanchard & Gali (2009) et Blanchard & Riggi (2013) évoquent, par exemple, la réduction de la quantité de pétrole utilisée dans la production, la plus grande flexibilité des salaires réels et une meilleure crédibilité de la politique monétaire. Hamilton (2009) et Kilian (2008) suggèrent quant à eux de l’expliquer par l’origine différente des deux chocs pétroliers : un choc d’offre pendant les années 70 et un choc de demande pendant les années 2000. L’objectif original de la thèse était de réexaminer l’impact des chocs pétroliers sur l’économie réelle par le canal de la dette. [...]Le développement de ces travaux entamés dans la thèse pourra aboutir à un cadre alternatif de modélisation décisif pour l’intelligence de la macroéconomie. Il devrait permettre une meilleure compréhension de l’évaluation des relations réciproques entre la sphère financière, la réalité des cycles macroéconomiques réels, l’énergie et le climat dans ce qui est sans aucun doute l’enjeu de notre génération : la transition écologique. / Ever since the stagflation that followed the oil price run-ups of 1973 and 1979, oil price shocks have been considered one of the most influential sources of economic fluctuation in the United States and other developed countries. A large body of literature has analyzed oil price shocks as sources of variation for leading macroeconomic variables such as GDP growth, unemployment rate, inflation, and wages. However, scholars have yet to reach a consensus as to the true impact of oil shocks on the macroeconomic environment. Furthermore, the last decade has seen the debate intensify as the results of the relatively (in comparison with the 1970s) muted reaction of the real economy during the 2002-6 oil price run-up. Indeed, the recessionary effect was only observed during the subprime mortgage crisis of 2008-9. Numerous hypotheses have been put forward to explain the difference in impact during the 1970s versus the 2000s. For instance, Blanchard & Gali (2009) and Blanchard & Riggi (2013) evoked the reduction of the quantity of oil used of a unit of production, more flexible real wages, and a better credibility of the monetary policy. Hamilton (2009) and Kilian (2008) pinpointed a difference in the nature of the shock: whereas the oil shocks of the 1970s were driven by supply, that of the 2000s was led by demand. The original aim of this thesis was to reevaluate the impact of the oil shock in the 2000s through the debt channel. First, based on the work of Banchard & Gali, we proposed a new dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model (DSGE), which includes oil as an input of production as well as a consumption good. By relaxing some of the hypotheses of Blanchard & Gali, especially the decoupling of the output elasticity of oil with the cost-share in the production, our work demonstrated that oil is still a fundamental variable of the GDP in the United States. Furthermore, we found that energy efficiency is a key factor that explains the muted macroeconomic impact of an increase in oil prices. A third line of inquiry that may explain the difference between the shocks of the 1970s and the 2000s considers the extra costs implied by a higher price of oil that were absorbed by private debt (which was itself exacerbated by low interest rates set by the Federal Reserve in the 2000s). However, we found that DSGE modeling is unable to replicate the macroeconomic environment that led to the subprime mortgage crisis. In light of these considerations, I reoriented my thesis along the lines of a new angle of research that seeks to represent economic mechanisms differently. Under this new frame-work, private debt is at the core of macroeconomic analysis. It provides an alternative view of the financial crisis that occurred in the 2000s.[...]The conclusions of this thesis demonstrate great potential for providing foundations for new perspectives in macroeconomic modeling. The papers included in the thesis allow, in particular, for a better understanding of situations that most macroeconomic models are not able to cope with, including the over indebtedness crisis. As a result, the framework introduced here may provide an alternative and improved perspective for public policy. Further development of the research presented in this thesis may lead to the improvement of other frameworks in the field of macroeconomics. This would allow for a better understanding of complex interactions between the financial sphere, real business cycles, energy, and climate in what is certainly the biggest challenge of our generation : the ecological shift.

This dissertation thesis consists of three essays on macroeconomics and finance. In these essays, I focus on events which adversely affect emerging markets and present challenges to economic policy and central bank thinking. My aim is to contribute to the existing empirical literature by providing new evidence on the role of private credit, effects of macroprudential policies and understanding of the exchange-rate pass-through. The first essay evaluates policy measures taken to curb bank credit growth in the private sector in the pre-crisis period 2003-2007. The analysis is based on an original survey conducted on central banks in Central and Eastern Europe. The findings reveal substantial policy intervention and indicate that certain measures - particularly asset classification and provisioning rules; and loan eligibility criteria - might have been effective in taming bank credit growth. The second essay contributes to the existing literature on early warning indicators as well as to the discussion on the appropriateness of credit-to-GDP gap as a leading variable for any country for activation of the countercyclical capital buffer instrument in Basel III. We exploit long-run credit series for 36 emerging markets and evaluate their quality to signal a crisis by using receiver operating characteristics...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T21:42:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elaine Silvia.pdf: 1953099 bytes, checksum: 11dba01f12b78ca6dc565b229711cbaf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-14 / Macroeconomical variables that interfere in the economy and contagy that came of from worldwide crisis is the main theme which worries researchers of the financing area. Since 1980, that is the studied period of this research, the Stock Market brings huge amounts of profit in the shares of the companies of open capital, at the same time in that it scares the stock market holders, due to the volatile behaviour of its outcomes. The scope of this work is to identify if there is a relation between this behaviour of these macro economical variables and the obtained outcome by the national companies, which happens because of the behaviour of the macro economical crisis. Done the analysis of the Main Components, it is concluded that the macro economical variables have a fundamental importance in the action that determines the return index BOVESPA.(AU) / Variáveis macroecômicas que interferem na economia e contágio decorrente de crises mundiais é o tema que preocupa os estudiosos da área financeira. Desde 1980, que é o período deste estudo, a bolsa de valores traz volumosos lucros nas ações das companhias de capital aberto, ao mesmo tempo em que assusta os investidores, devido ao comportamento volátil de seus resultados. O escopo deste trabalho é o de identificar se existe uma relação entre o comportamento das variáveis macroeconômicas e o resultado obtido pelas empresas nacionais, ocasionada pelo comportamento das crises macroeconômicas. Efetuada a análise de Componentes Principais, conclui-se que as variáveis macroeconômicas têm importância fundamental no desempenho que determina o índice de retorno BOVESPA.(AU)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:49:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-08-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) / Fédération pour la Recherche sur le Cerveau (FRC) / Ligue Française Contre l'Épilepsie (LFCE) / Foi mostrado anteriormente que os transportadores de glutamato controlam eficientemente atividade de rede no cérebro imaturo de roedores prevenindo a geração de crises. Em particular, inibição de transportadores de glutamato pelo DL-TBOA produz um padrão patológico no eletroencefalograma de ratos recém nascidos registrados em livre movimento. Esse padrão é composto de crises parciais e de breves surtos paroxísticos recorrentes alternados com períodos silenciosos caracterizados como atividade de “surto-atenuação”. A associação de surto-atenuação e crises parciais é observada em recém nascidos cometidos de encefalopatias epilépticas precoces, levantando a possibilidade que transportadores de glutamato podem estar implicados nesta síndrome epiléptica. Curiosamente, TBOA produz despolarizações recorrentes de longa duração e surtos de potencial de ação em interneurônios e células piramidais em fatias corticais. Esse padrão referido como “Slow Network Oscillations” (SNOs) e as crises observadas em vivo, são bloqueadas por antagonistas de receptores NMDA (APV), sugerindo que ambos compartilham mecanismos similares. Assim SNOs providenciam um modelo in vitro para investigação dos mecanismos envolvidos na gênese de atividades paroxísticas. Utilizando registros eletrofisiológicos, nós mostramos que SNOs refletem dois processos que ocorrem durante a inibição de transportadores de glutamato: (1) Um aumento local da concentração de glutamato que ativa ambos receptores NMDA e metabotrópicos (mGluRs) de glutamato de maneira tônica. A ativação de mGluRs reduz a corrente de potássio (IM) aumentando a excitabilidade neuronal. (2) Uma liberação fásica de glutamato que escapa da fenda sináptica (“spillover”) e ativa receptores NMDA extra-sinápticos localizados em ambos interneurônios e células piramidais. Utilizando microscópio de dois fótons multi-feixe, nós analisamos a dinâmica de cálcio das SNOs e mostramos que elas são associadas com ondas recorrentes de cálcio. As ondas de cálcio SNOs não se originam em locais específicos e se propagam lentamente de maneira unidirecional ativando toda a rede neuronal. Assim, propomos que a redução tônica de IM torna a rede neuronal propensa à geração de crises. As atividades paroxísticas são geradas uma vez que os neurônios são suficientemente despolarizados atingindo um potencial de membrana onde IM é normalmente ativada. Nossos resultados indicam que essa despolarização ocorre devido à ativação de receptores extra-sinápticos NMDA. De maneira geral, nossos experimentos revelam que receptores mGluRs e NMDA trabalham em sinergia desempenhando um papel importante na geração de crises. Nós especulamos que esta sinergia acontece em patologias neuronais associadas com a perda de homeostase de glutamato como, por exemplo, em insultos anóxo-isquêmicos / It has been previously shown that cell-surface glutamate transporters efficiently control network activity in the maturing rodent brain, preventing the generation of seizures. In particular, inhibition of glutamate transporters by DL-TBOA leads to a pathological EEG pattern in freely moving rat pups. This is composed of partial seizures and recurrent short paroxysmal bursts, alternating with silent periods, and is characteristic of “suppression burst” activity (SB). The association of SB and partial seizures is observed in neonates suffering from early epileptic encephalopathy, raising the possibility that glutamate transporters could be implicated in this syndrome. Interestingly, TBOA produces recurrent long lasting depolarizations and bursts of action potentials in interneurons and pyramidal cells in cortical slices. This pattern referred to as slow network oscillations (SNOs) and the seizures observed in vivo, were blocked by the NMDA receptor antagonist (APV), suggesting that they share similar mechanisms. Therefore, SNOs provide a suitable in vitro model for investigating the mechanisms involved in the genesis of paroxysmal activity. Using electrophysiological recordings we show that SNOs reflect two processes that occur during inhibition of glutamate transporters: (1) An ambient increase in glutamate concentrations, that tonically activates both NMDA receptors and glutamate metabotropic receptors (mGluRs). The activation of mGluRs reduces the potassium current (IM), increasing neuronal excitability. (2) A phasic release of glutamate that spills out of synapses and activates extrasynaptic NMDA receptors located in both interneurons and pyramidal cells. Using multibeam two-photon microscopy, we analyzed SNOs calcium dynamics and show that they are associated with recurrent calcium waves. The SNOs calcium waves do not have specific sites of origin however they slowly propagate in a unidirectional manner, activating the entire network. Together, we propose that the tonic reduction of IM makes the neuronal network prone to the generation of seizures and the paroxysmal activity is generated when neurons are sufficiently depolarized, and reach the membrane potential where IM is normally activated. Our data indicate that this depolarization occurs due to activation of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors. In total our experiments reveal that mGluRs and NMDA receptors work in synergy playing an important role in the generation of seizures. We speculate that this synergy happens in neuronal pathologies associated with an imbalance in glutamate homeostasis such as anoxo-ischemic insults. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-03-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Objetivos: avaliar a evolução clínica e eletrencefalográfica em 28 pacientes que tiveram diagnóstico de Síndrome de West (SW). Métodos: estudo retrospectivo no qual foram incluídos pacientes que tiveram diagnóstico clínico e eletrográfico de SW e admitidos para seguimento no Hospital São Paulo da Universidade Federal de São Paulo / Escola Paulista de Medicina, entre março de 2006 e dezembro de 2007. Todos foram submetidos a avaliações periódicas durante o tratamento da SW, incluindo VEEG e, no mínimo, um exame de VEEG, com duração de 6 a 12 horas, após o controle da SW por pelo menos um ano. Foram analisados dados demográficos, freqüência e semiologia das crises. Os EEGs e os VEEGs foram revisados para a quantificação e classificação das alterações eletrencefalográficas e das crises epilépticas. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 28 pacientes com tempo médio de seguimento de 46,5 ± 13 meses, sendo 19 do sexo masculino (68%) e 9 (32%) do sexo feminino. A média de idade na admissão foi 10,5 ± 6,3 meses. Todos os pacientes apresentaram algum grau de atraso no DNPM. Os pacientes foram subdivididos em 2 grupos, criptogênicos (5 casos) e sintomáticos (23 casos). Dos 28 pacientes 16 (57%) evoluíram com crises epilépticas ao final do estudo e 12 (43%) evoluíram sem crises. Do total, 13 (46%) tiveram recidiva da SW. Dentre os 5 criptogênicos 4 (80%) evoluíram com controle de crises e dentre os 23 sintomáticos, apenas 8 (34,7%) evoluíram com controle das crises. Apenas 10,7% dos pacientes evoluíram para SLG (todos do grupo sintomático), permanecendo com crises de difícil controle até o final do seguimento. Dos que permaneceram com crises, 35,7% evoluíram para epilepsia focal, 14,2% com epilepsia generalizada e 7,1% tiveram ambos tipos de crises, focal e generalizada, sendo classificados como epilepsia indeterminada. Conclusões: A maioria dos casos de SW evoluiu para epilepsia focal, portanto, a SLG não foi a síndrome mais freqüente em nosso estudo. O grupo de pacientes sintomáticos apresentou pior evolução quanto ao controle das crises quando comparado com o grupo criptogênico. O tempo de duração da SW também influenciou na evolução. Recidiva da SW tem alta correlação com pior prognóstico. / Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical and electroencephalographic evolution of 28 patients that had WS. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study in which we included patients who had clinical diagnosis and electrographic of WS and admitted in the Hospital São Paulo, Federal University of São Paulo / Escola Paulista de Medicina, between March 2006 and December 2007, who had been submitted to periodic evaluations during treatment of SW, including video-EEG (VEEG) and, after controlling the same, at least, an examination of VEEG, lasting from 6 to 12 hours after the SW under control for at least 1 year. They were revised the handbooks of these patients for analysis of demographic data, frequency and semiology of seizures. The EEGs along the follow-up and the VEEGs were also reviewed for the quantification and classification of electroencephalographic changes and of epileptic seizures. Results: The sample consisted of 28 patients with mean follow-up of 46,5 ± 13 months, with 19 males (68%) and 9 (32%) female. The mean age at admission was 10,5 ± 6,3 months. All patients had some degree of delay in DNPM. The patients were divided into 2 groups, cryptogenics (5 cases) and symptomatics (23 cases). Of the 28 patients 16 (57%) evolved with seizures the end of the study and 12 (43%) evolved without crises. Of the total of patients, 13 (46%) had recurrence of the SW. Of the 5 cryptogenics 4 (80%) evolved with control of seizures and of the 23 symptomatic patients, only 8 (34,7%) evolved with control of the seizures. Only 10,7% of patients evolved to SLG (all of the symptomatic group) and remained with these crises difficult to control until the end of follow up. Of those who remain with crises, 35,7% evolved to focal epilepsy, 14,2% with generalized epilepsy and 7,1% had both types of crises, focal and generalized, being classified as undetermined epilepsy. Conclusions: The SLG wasn’t the evolution most frequent of the SW in our study. The most of these cases evolved with focal epilepsy. The group of symptomatic patients presented worse evolution in the control of seizures when compared with the group criptogenic. The time in which the patient remained in SW seems also influence the evolution. Recurrence of the SW has high correlation with poor prognosis. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações