Particular cases of statutory secondary liability in the law of limited companies are relatively frequent. Forasmuch as a publication providing comprehensive analysis of the subject matter is still missing, the aim of the thesis is to offer thorough treatise of the issue in its whole broadness. The first chapter analyses the secondary liability as the institution of the general law of obligations. Fundamental features of the secondary liability are pointed out and respective rights and duties of the relevant parties are outlined. The issue of subrogation, joint secondary liability, termination of the secondary liability and statutory bar of the rights arising therefrom are discussed. The second chapter deals with the statutory secondary liability of the members (shareholders) of the limited companies. The thesis shows that both debts and claims of company may be subject to secondary liability of its shareholders. The third chapter focuses on the statutory secondary liability of the members of company bodies (directors). Besides primary liability for the harm caused, the company law punishes the director's failure to observe his or her duties by means of secondary liability for the company's debts as well. Particular cases are critically analysed. The fourth chapter concentrates on the statutory...

The dissertation is focused on research of the general duties of members of the board of directors in a capital company, in particular the duty of loyalty. Besides the duty of loyalty, members of the board of directors have a duty to act with due managerial care. The doctrine paid attention to the specification of the duty to act with due managerial care but there has, as yet, been no attention paid to the duty of loyalty. The new legislation contained in the Civil Code Act n. 89/2012 Sb. (CC) subordinates the duty of loyalty under the duty to act with due managerial care. The subject of the dissertation is research of the nature, origin, and function, of the duty of loyalty. The conclusion of the dissertation is the confirmation of the hypothesis, that the duty of loyalty by which a member of the board of directors is bound, is a fiduciary duty and an independent duty, which is not a part of the duty to act with due managerial care.

[pt] A presente tese busca uma reflexão acerca da realização do cinema documentário, centrado na análise de filmes. A metodologia adotada para abordar este tema é focada na questão da autoria, a autoridade do diretor. Observa-se que o analista é essencialmente um espectador diante do filme projetado, trabalhando com ferramentas teóricas associadas à sua memória (experiência) e sensibilidade. Busca-se aqui a adequação da análise às referências teóricas que auxiliam a leitura e interpretação do texto fílmico. Parte-se do princípio de que a criação do personagem está no centro do processo de realização do cinema documentário, onde a autoridade do diretor aparece na concepção dada ao personagem, estabelecendo as conexões entre a estrutura da narrativa e o dispositivo de filmagem. Os personagens assim existem nas narrativas não ficcionais. No caso do filme documentário o personagem tem uma configuração específica, uma dupla camada, sendo ao mesmo tempo ator social e personagem criado, de modo adequado à narrativa. / [en] The thesis project seeks a reflection on the process of documentary filmmaking, focusing on the issue of the creation of the character. The methodol-ogy adopted to address this theme is the case study, focusing on the critical reading of the filmic text. I understand that the analyst is essentially a spectator before the projected film. I know that the analyst has other objectives than the spectator and a specialized theoretical repertoire. The analyst works with theo-retical tools associated with his or her memory (experience) and sensibility. As a methodology of this study, I seek an adaptation with my objectives in the incor-poration of theoretical references that help in the reading and interpretation of the filmic text of a given group of cases. As an initial premise, I place the creation of the character at the center of the documentary filmmaking process. It is through this central core, the conception given to the character, that the authority of the director establishes the connections between the structure of the narrative and the filming device. Characters exist in the fictional narratives as well as in non-fictional narratives. In the case of the documentary, the character has a specific configuration, a double layer, social actor and, at the same time, a character creat-ed in a proper manner for the narrative.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:50:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FRANCISCO RODRIGUES VALE JUNIOR.pdf: 5949233 bytes, checksum: eb26195ad3fa13bb19b557d0e11e96e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-29 / Goiânia is one of the Brazilian capitals that had its origin planned in 1933 for shelter a population of 50,000 inhabitants and shelters in 2008 more of 1 million inhabitants. The population swelling ally to interests of the sectors of the civil construction and property market provided growth disorganized, with the implementation of plotdivisions more and more peripheral and without worry as regards the use of him soil. The dam growth of urban areas, stimulated by the speculation real estate, generated empty urban in the city. Although, the physical spaces exist for shelter the lacking population by dwelling this do not hold the estate generating like this a social problem. The Statute of the city instilled flat directors of will fulfill the social function of the city and of the urban estate aiming at, among others objective, the social justice. The efficiency of measures that fulfill such purpose is complicated by the speculation real estate and legislation, previous to the Statute of the city that stimulated and encouraged such practices. This work confronts the theory of the social function with the reality of an occupation by the homeless in Goiânia before of the approval and efficient implementation of the Plan Director approved in 2007. The hypothesis raised was confirmed by the results of this study that showed that the worthy backup exercised by the speculative agents trigger the occurrence of empty urban complicating the organization of the city and his social paper. It had capable urban politics instruments lack of promote the social function of the estate in the plan previous directors which triggered the occupation of the Park West Industrial. The Plan Director 2007 seeks to attend such yearnings. The case Park West Industrial was an occupation occurred in 2004 that awoke interest by shelter more of 2 thousand families in a region valued inside the metropolis. The occupation was situated in the Southwest Region of Goiânia where are being built several horizontal condominiums walled. The delay of the judicial decision fomented the argument about whose was the right the possession of the land if in that specific case the social function would be able to attend to the social justice or itself the right the estate independently of the regularization of the motionless one regarding the debits with the city hall would be respected. / Goiânia está entre as capitais brasileiras que teve sua origem planejada em 1933 para abrigar uma população de 50.000 habitantes e abriga em 2008 mais de 1 milhão de habitantes. O inchaço populacional aliado a interesses dos setores da construção civil e mercado imobiliário propiciou crescimento desordenado, com a implantação de loteamentos cada vez mais periféricos e sem preocupação quanto ao uso do solo. O represamento de áreas urbanas, estimulado pela especulação imobiliária, gerou vazios urbanos na cidade. Embora, exista o espaço físico para abrigar a população carente por moradia, esta não detém a propriedade, gerando assim, um problema social. O Estatuto da cidade imbuiu aos planos diretores de cumprirem a função social da cidade e da propriedade urbana visando, dentre outros objetivos, a justiça social. A eficiência de medidas que cumpram tal propósito é dificultada pela especulação imobiliária e legislação, anterior ao Estatuto da cidade, que estimulasse e incentivasse tais práticas. Este trabalho confronta a teoria da função social com a realidade de uma ocupação pelos sem-tetos em Goiânia antes da aprovação e eficaz implementação do Plano Diretor aprovado em 2007. A hipótese levantada foi confirmada pelos resultados deste estudo que demonstraram que a reserva de valor exercida pelos agentes especulativos desencadeia a ocorrência de vazios urbanos dificultando o ordenamento da cidade e o seu papel social. Houve carência de instrumentos de política urbana capazes de promover a função social da propriedade nos planos diretores anteriores, que desencadearam a ocupação do Parque Oeste Industrial. O Plano Diretor 2007 procura atender tais anseios. O caso Parque Oeste Industrial foi uma ocupação ocorrida em 2004 que despertou interesse por abrigar mais de 2 mil famílias em uma região valorizada dentro da metrópole. A ocupação se situou na Região Sudoeste de Goiânia onde estão sendo construídos vários condomínios horizontais murados. A demora da decisão judicial fomentou a discussão sobre de quem era o direito a posse da terra, se nesse caso específico a função social poderia atender à justiça social ou se o direito a propriedade, independentemente da regularização do imóvel em relação aos débitos com a prefeitura, seria respeitado.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-10-18T12:04:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Enita Alves Ferreira Rodrigues.pdf: 1862738 bytes, checksum: 6521f06637042dcfd466486e55bd9d52 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-18T12:04:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Enita Alves Ferreira Rodrigues.pdf: 1862738 bytes, checksum: 6521f06637042dcfd466486e55bd9d52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-29 / This search had the objective to contribute with an analysis of the senses and meanings of Inclusive Education to school directors from the municipal network of Diadema. The study presents the guiding question: How can training, based on the reflection of the necessary conditions for the effectiveness of Inclusion, contribute to the management process exercised by the directors? In the theoretical reference, the following authors stand out: Vigotski (1984), Mazzotta (2008), Pletsch (2007), Ainscow (2004), Glat (2013), Marin (2015), Nóvoa (2001), Libane (2001) and André (2016). The chosen methodology to this search is a qualitative approach, had the participation of a group of seven directors from the Municipal network of Diadema. The chosen methodology to the organization of the analysis is based on socio- historical perspective. The analysis and interpretation of the produced data was constituted by a procedure named “Center of meaning” (AGUIAR; OZELLA,2006,2013). The thematic reveled necessary in the training are the citizenship concept, ethics, human gender, the inclusion that accepts everybody, outlining the Education understood as a human movement with gender- related cuts, racial relation, religious, cultural and generational. These are the knowledge that can reveal the facilitators and skills that the director need to constitute with effective leadership and promote the inclusion into the schools, and yet, be one of the main factors of an efficiency school. The recognition of the training need was unanimous among the participants, which characterizes a compromise between the process and the formative and professional development. Therefore, it is not possible to discuss none transformation in the education in any level as it is not by the line of the formation, the expose of the formation concepts, that can be straight related to more positive attitudes and less restricted situations. A well-trained director can position himself as a main agent - active and cooperative agent with his school staff, a person who is historical and transformer of his pedagogical practice, an open professional who reflects about his role as educator, with clearness in their concepts, these are possibly the main. As the main premises for the realization of any inclusive educational practice / Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo contribuir com a análise dos sentidos e dos significados da Educação Inclusiva para diretores da Rede Municipal de Diadema. O estudo apresenta a questão norteadora: Como a formação, pautada na reflexão das condições necessárias para a efetivação da Inclusão, pode contribuir no processo de gestão exercido pelos diretores? No referencial teórico destacam-se os autores: Vigotski (1984), Mazzotta (2008), Pletsch (2007), Ainscow (2004), Glat (2013), Marin (2015), Nóvoa (2001), Imbernón (2009, 2011), Libâneo (2001) e André (2016). A metodologia escolhida para este trabalho de pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa e o procedimento para a produção dos dados foi o grupo de discussão, realizado com sete diretores da Rede Municipal de Diadema. A escolha metodológica para organização da análise se fundamenta na perspectiva sócio-histórica. A análise e a interpretação dos dados produzidos foram constituídas por meio do procedimento denominado “Núcleos de Significação” (AGUIAR; OZELLA, 2006, 2013). As temáticas reveladas necessárias na formação perpassam pelos conceitos de cidadania, ética, gênero humano e da inclusão que acolhe a todos, dando destaque à Educação entendida como um movimento humano com recortes relacionados a gênero, relações raciais, religiosas, culturais e geracionais. São esses os conhecimentos que podem revelar os facilitadores e as habilidades que o diretor precisa para se constituir como liderança efetiva e promover a inclusão em suas Escolas e, ainda, podem ser um dos principais fatores de eficiência escolar. O reconhecimento da necessidade formativa foi unanime entre os participantes, o que caracteriza um compromisso com o processo e o desenvolvimento formativo e profissional. Portanto, não é possível discutir nenhuma transformação na Educação, em qualquer que seja o nível, se não for por meio do eixo da formação e da exposição dos seus conceitos diretamente relacionados com atitudes mais positivas e situações menos restritivas. Um diretor bem formado pode se posicionar como um agente principal – ativo e cooperativo com sua equipe escolar, um sujeito histórico e transformador da sua prática pedagógica, um profissional aberto que reflita sobre o seu papel como educador e com clareza em seus conceitos, sendo essas, talvez, as principais premissas para a efetivação de qualquer prática educativa inclusiva

TITLE: Function of schools and education in current concept. AUTHOR: Bc.Zdeňka Krátká DEPARTME T: School Management Centre SUPERVISOR: Assoc. Prof. Jaroslav Kalous, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: Dynamic development of contemporary society significantly affects the education requirements. Therefore current educational program has to respond flexibly and implement new knowledge of technology, information and communication technology, economics, social disparities reflect accretion, changes in traditional family model, ecological threats. The role of school as a social institution must ensure the implementation of a range of functions and its operation is dependent on many involved factors associated not only with school itself but also with external environment. Thus in the first part, this thesis describes the function of schools and current school education. Further attention is also paid to the role and function of school leaders in education and school management. The second part is focused on the research performance of the functions of schools in primary education level. Although the results of the research are clear on the performance of most requested features, their direct impact on school and leisure-time activities of students and public must be improved.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-02-17T18:51:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Jos? Soares Neto.pdf: 3636688 bytes, checksum: 00820fc3971613d6966c6139682d3a19 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-17T18:51:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Jos? Soares Neto.pdf: 3636688 bytes, checksum: 00820fc3971613d6966c6139682d3a19 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-14 / This work is a survey conducted by the school community of the Agricultural College Dom Augustine Ikas- Codai School linked to the Rural Federal University of Pernambuco - UFRPE, located in S?o Louren?o da Mata - PE, the metropolitan area ofGreater Recife. Through the point of view of a sample: managers, teachers, administrative staff, students and parents and / or guardians, we set out to know how has been built a participatory and democratic management in Codai in a specific process: the selection process top manager of the institution. We show that social agents (managers, servers, students and parents) know the importance of participation, claim their rights as citizens, and defend democracy. In addition to this evidence, what this study showed is that the school community keeps alive the democracy, when, in their various demands, demands for rights that were not being observed in CODAI, either in the electoral process, either in the Statute / Regulation, be in compliance with legislation. The result we reached shows that the social actors claim their differences, make demands to broaden their own rights, showing that the democratic process, by its very nature, is unfinished, always behaving some degree of exclusion. What we can not investigate is whether the actors in question have theoretical or intuitive knowledge that the democratic process is not, and can not claim to be absolutely inclusive. / Esta disserta??o trata de uma pesquisa realizada junto ? comunidade escolar do Col?gio Agr?cola Dom Agostinho Ikas?Codai, escola vinculada ? Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco-UFRPE, localizado no munic?pio de S?o Louren?o da Mata - PE, ?rea metropolitana do Grande Recife. Atrav?s do ponto de vista de uma amostra de: gestores, docentes, t?cnicos administrativos, discentes e pais e/ou respons?veis, propusemo-nos saber como vem sendo constru?da uma gest?o participativa e democr?tica no Codai em um processo espec?fico: o processo de escolha do dirigente m?ximo da institui??o. Mostramos que os agentes sociais (gestores, servidores, discentes e pais) sabem da import?ncia da participa??o, afirmam seus direitos de cidad?o, e defendem a democracia. Para al?m desta comprova??o, o que este estudo evidenciou ? que a comunidade escolar mant?m viva a democracia, quando, em suas v?rias demandas, reclama por direitos que n?o estariam sendo observados no CODAI, seja no processo eleitoral, seja no Estatuto/Regulamento, seja na obedi?ncia ? legisla??o. O resultado a que chegamos revela que os atores sociais afirmam suas diferen?as, fazem demandas no sentido de ampliar seus pr?prios direitos, mostrando que o processo democr?tico, por sua pr?pria natureza, ? inconcluso, sempre comportando algum grau de exclus?o. O que n?o conseguimos investigar ? se os atores em quest?o t?m conhecimento te?rico ou intuitivo de que o processo democr?tico n?o ?, e nem pode pretender ser, absolutamente inclusivo.

Concurrence of membership in the governing body of a limited company and employment in the same company The purpose of this master thesis is to provide comprehensive answer to the question of the admissibility of the concurrence of the function of a member of the statutory body of a capital trading company and employment relationship with the same company (concurrence of functions), especially with regard to the change of legislation brought by the recodification of private law effective from 2014. With the concurrence of functions, it is necessary to distinguish between situations where the subject of the employment relationship are actions falling within the competence of the statutory body (identical concurrence) and when the subject of the employment relationship are other actions (non-identical concurrence). The question of the concurrence of functions is a frequently discussed topic. That is mainly for the reason that many companies have established relationships with members of their statutory body in this manner. The area of the concurrence of functions was in the past and still is insufficiently statutory regulated. Most of the rules in this area are, therefore, inferred by case-law. The thesis is divided into six chapters. In the first part of the thesis, the basic theoretical concepts...

<p>The purpose of this study was to investigate how directors of preschool apply the mandatory reporting and what information they say is important in the decision to report child maltreat-ment. The study was built on five semi-structure interviews with five directors of preschool working in Greater Stockholm. The perspective of this paper is sociology of law theory. This means to study how out of law information makes sense when director of preschool applies the mandatory reporting. The result was analysed with three different analytic tools: action plan, consulting social services and the considerations of the directors of preschool them-selves. The result showed that the information from the preschool teachers is very important the decision to report child maltreatment. None of the directors referred to an action plan that was written down. Clear signs of maltreatment, as physical and psychological signs, were information that directly was reported. When anxiety was explained to lack clear physical and psychological signs the directors were left alone with their own subjective feelings. The pos-sibility to consult with social services was told to be a very important support.</p>

<p>Uppsatsen gör en första ansats att utifrån befintliga organisationsteorier definiera de faktorer vilka påverkar Försvarsmakten och R3-organisationen. Oganisations-teorierna pekar på yttre krafter så som politik, ekonomi och teknologi samt inre logik-faktorer, vilka består av sociala processer som utvecklas och påverkar det klimat som präglar en organisation.</p><p>Förutom yttre krafter och inre logik, påverkar även organisationsformen en organisation. Inom Försvarsmakten och dess underorganisationer, däribland R3, är organisationsformen till övervägande del hierarkisk. Ett välanpassat och dubbelriktat informationsutbyte mellan de olika nivåerna inom hierarkin gör den välfungerande och effektiv. Inom R3-organisationen finns detta informationsutbyte bland annat mellan funktionsutvecklaren och utbildningsförbanden. Klimatet samt funktionen inom detta utbyte påverkar organisationens effektivitet och optimering. Framtiden är till del oviss och utveckling, omvärld och resurser förändras ständigt. Genom att sträva efter att vara en lärande organisation kan Försvarsmakten tillgodogöra organisationen de kunskaper som individerna innehar och förvärvar. En lärande organisation investerar i människor och deras fortlöpande lärande. Viktigt är att öka det subjektiva och objektiva handlingsutrymmet för individerna i syfte att gynna lärprocessen, vilket utvecklar hela organisationen. Det ökade internationella samarbetet Försvarsmakten strävar mot, främjar rimligtvis effektivitet och optimering på så vis att kunskapsprocesserna utvecklar och vidgar de referensramar individ och organisation har.</p><p>Fortsatt forskning kan bland annat ge svar på hur det internationella samarbetet skall utvecklas för att ge ytterligare positiva aspekter avseende den lärande organisationen och dess utveckling.</p> / <p>The author of this essay is Elisabet Hökerberg, a Cadet at the Swedish Armed Forces Technical School, Halmstad. The essay is written as a part of the Officer Education.</p><p>The objective of this study is to research and examine the main factors which affect the potential for an organization to function as effectively as possible. The essay also aims at describing the most preferable climate characterizing an optimal and effective organization. Factors such as politics, technical boundaries and economies are external factors which affect an organization and are often difficult for the organization to influence. These external factors also have a direct effect on the inner logic that characterizes the relations and climate between the members of the organization. Inner logics are social processes which develop without the members’ direct awareness of them. Opportunism is a typical inner logic factor.</p><p>In order to increase efficiency and realize the objectives of the organization it is important for those in command to handle these inner logics with care and to be aware of their importance. To realize the objective of an organization the executive staff must have the ability, will and means to lead and guide their employees towards the Managing Directors’ intended objective.</p><p>The Swedish Armed Forces is no exception and the external powers and inner logics influence the military organization just as it does a regular company. The hierarchic organization which the military organization constitutes also affects its efficiency and optimising. In order to make a hierarchic organization function with effectiveness it is of importance that the vertical and horizontal boundaries are flexible and variable.</p><p>The result of the study shows that the conception of <em>learning organisations</em> can be an important part of the way towards an organization with minimized negative affection from the inner logic factors. The learning organisation has the ability to assimilate not only the available knowledge of the employees, but also encourages them to incorporate new. By investing in knowledge in this way the personnel readily understand their own importance in the way towards the objective, which leads to a more efficient organization.</p>