I följande studie undersöks vad nästa steg i Digital Transformation är för svenska organisationer samt hur deras olika digitala strategi ser ut för att nå dit. Vidare undersöks hur och om dessa digitala strategier arbetar mot FN:s Globala mål som är uttalade genom handlingsplanen Agenda 2030 för hållbar utveckling. Följande studie är relevant eftersom att organisationer har stor möjlighet att bidra till att infria de globala målen genom att inkludera mer hållbarhet i sina arbetssätt. Forskningsfrågan besvaras utifrån en kvalitativ forskningsmetod. Den metod som tillämpas för datainsamlingen i denna studie består av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Följt av en innehållsanalys för att få en djupgående förståelse av intervjudata. Därefter genomfördes en sambandsanalys för att finna samband som kan vara av nytta för studien. Resultatet av studien visar på att respondenterna har liten insikt i Agenda 2030, men att dess strategier har innehåll som kopplas till globala mål. Resultatet visar att organisationer får positiva effekter på både miljö och internt av att implementera globala mål i sin digitala strategi. Framtida forskning kan studera ett bredare urval samt fler aspekter av de globala målen. / The following study examines what the next step in Digital Transformation is for Swedish organizations and what their different digital strategies look like to get there. Furthermore, it examines how and whether these digital strategies work towards the UN's Global Goals, which are stated through the action plan Agenda 2030 for sustainable development. The following study is relevant because organizations have a great opportunity to contribute to fulfilling the global goals by including more sustainability in their working methods. The research question is answered based on a qualitative research method. The method used for data collection in this study consists of semi-structured interviews. Followed by a content analysis to gain an in-depth understanding of the interview data. A correlation analysis was then carried out to find correlations that could be useful for the study. The results of the study show that the respondents have little insight into Agenda 2030, but that its strategies have content that is linked to global goals. The result shows that organizations get positive effects on both the environment and internally by implementing global goals in their digital strategy. Future research could study a wider sample as well as more aspects of the global goals.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

The concept of a digital twin was originated by Nasa who used advanced simulation techniques during their first moon landing but has since evolved and the areas of application have broadened considerably. In recent years, the phenomenon has received a lot of attention in relation to the real estate industry in particular, which have been followed by plenty of research into digital twins within the informatics field. However, there is still a great lack of studies that focus on the supplier’s perspective of the implementation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the root causes of perceived challenges with digital twins from a supplier perspective by identifying what gives rise to problems and difficulties with the implementation of digital twins. This research contributes empirically by delving into the supplier's viewpoint, enhancing theoretical understanding through the identification of underlying causes, and practically by proposing ways to manage these foundational challenges effectively. The findings underscore the importance of addressing the knowledge gap between suppliers and clients early in the implementation process, recommending organizational and technical strategies to optimize digital twin utilization and management.

Die Familie ist ein Ort der gelebten, staatlich geförderten und geforderten Subsidiarität sowie Solidarität. Sie ist ein Ort der Identitätsbildung. In der Literatur und in der praktischen Arbeit in der Behindertenhilfe liegt der Fokus meist bei den Personen mit Behinderung selbst oder aber auf ihren Müttern. Väter finden demgegenüber bisher nur sehr vereinzelt Beachtung. Zu Vätern von erwachsenen Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung gibt es bis dato kaum Untersuchungen, ihre Tätigkeiten in der Familie und ihre Perspektive sind weitgehend unbekannt. Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung besteht in der Annäherung an ihre Perspektive mit Hilfe der Interpretativen Sozialforschung nach Gabriele ROSENTHAL. Durch eine tiefgreifende Betrachtung und Interpretation der Biographien von Vätern (Jahrgänge 1929-1953) sollen deren Handlungsstrukturen nachvollziehbar gemacht und ein Bewusst-sein für sie und ihr Leben entwickelt werden. In der vorliegenden qualitativen Studie werden am Beispiel von detaillierten lebensgeschichtlichen Rekonstruktionen die Familientätigkeiten der Väter, aber eben auch die Genese ihrer Handlungen und Entscheidungen im Blick auf ihre erwachsenen Kind mit Behinderung beleuchtet. Auf Basis des „verstehenden Zuganges“ werden Biographien rekonstruiert und interpretiert. Mit Hilfe des kontrastiven Vergleiches werden Unterschiede, Gemeinsamkeiten und Besonderheiten herausgearbeitet. Diese Ergebnisse werden in einem weiteren Schritt einer ersten kritischen Reflektion in Hinblick auf Unterstützungsangebote in der Behindertenhilfe unterzogen. Hierbei stellt sich die „ethnographische Kompetenz“ als zentral heraus. Zudem bilden die Ergebnisse den Ausgangspunkt für weiterführende Forschungen. Diese Arbeit soll dazu dienen, die Bedeutung der Väter in Forschung und Behindertenhilfe zu fokussieren. / Family is a living and breathing space of solidarity, but it is also one of government subsidies and sponsoring. Family is a place where identities are formed. The focus of both disability literature and praxis centers primarily on the disabled themselves or on their mothers. Fathers, by contrast, have only been the occasional focus of study. Until now, no studies have been conducted that examine the Fathers of adults with intellectual disabilities; their perspective is therefore largely unknown. With the help of Gabriele Rosenthal’s interpretative social research, the goal of this study is to approach the Father-perspective and gain a deeper consideration and interpretation thereof by examining the biographies of fathers born between 1929 to 1953. In approaching fathers’ perspectives by such means, they are made tangible, and one can better understand the choices they make as well as their lives in general. This qualitative study, grounded in sociological biography research, will examine detailed examples of contrasting familial reconstructions and paternal activities. In doing so, the goal is to illuminate the fathers’ choices, coping mechanisms, and decisional reasoning with respect to, for example, their adult children with disabilities. The biographies are presented, analyzed and interpreted in accordance with "interpretive access". By using comparative contrast, differences, similarities and specificities are then elaborated. These findings are further subjected to critical reflection while regarding the structure of handicapped assistance. The result of such reflection reveals the central importance of "ethnographic competency". This work is intended to increase the significance of fathers in research that focuses on disability assistance, and the conclusions here, are a starting point for further research.

Die vorschulischen mathematischen Kompetenzen von Kindern stellen eine wichtige Einflussgröße für spätere Schulleistungen dar. Aufgrund der wiederkehrend bescheinigten, niedrigen Qualität der mathematischen Förderung in Kindertageseinrichtungen ist ein Bedarf an geeigneten Professionalisierungsmaßnahmen vorhanden. Hieran knüpft die vorliegende Dissertation an: 1. wird der Einfluss von kombinierten Interventionsmaßnahmen zur alltagsintegrierten mathematischen Förderung (Fortbildung und darauf aufbauendem Coaching) gegenüber der alleinigen Fortbildung auf Fachkraft- und Kindebene untersucht. Die Kinder der Coachinggruppe zeigen signifikant bessere Ergebnisse im Inhaltsbereich Zahlen und Mengen als die der Fortbildungsgruppe. Interventionsunabhängige Gruppenunterschiede auf Kindebene können mithilfe hierarchischer Analysen auf Unterschiede bei den Fachkräften bezüglich des Fachwissens, der kognitiven Aktivierung sowie der Interaktionsqualität zurückgeführt werden. Der direkte Gruppenvergleich zeigt keine signifikanten Unterschiede; das zusätzliche Coaching entfaltet nur auf individueller Ebene Wirkung. 2. untersucht die Arbeit Erkenntnisse zur mathematischen Förderpraxis der Fachkräfte sowie zur Rezeption des Coachings. Die Datenerfassung fand als teilnehmende Beobachtung statt; die Auswertung erfolgte mithilfe eines selbstentwickelten prozessual-strukturellen Analyseverfahrens in Anlehnung an die dokumentarische Methode. Die Befunde zeigen eine eingeschränkte mathematische Förderpraxis in den Kindergärten, die überwiegend in standardisierten Situationen stattfindet, während mathematische Förderpotenziale von Alltagssituationen oft ungenutzt bleiben. Das Coaching ist geeignet, die Kompetenzen der Fachkräfte zu verbessern; dem stehen jedoch personelle und strukturelle Gründe entgegen. Implikationen werden auf den Ebenen der Forschung, der Professionalisierung, der praxisbezogenen Rahmenbedingungen und der praktischen Arbeit benannt sowie Forschungsdesiderata formuliert. / The preschool competence of children in mathematics is an important factor for their school performance. Due to the recurrently measured low quality of mathematical support in kindergarten, there is an urgent need for professional training. In this thesis two research questions are examined: The 1. question investigates the influence of combined intervention measures for mathematical support in everyday life (further training and additional coaching), compared to sole further training, on the skills of the kindergarten teachers and the mathematical skills of the children. The children of the coaching group score better than the further training group in the content area numbers and quantities. In the context of hierarchical analysis, the group differences at child level can be traced back to differences at teachers‘ level in mathematical content knowledge, cognitive activation and mathematical interactive support. But no significant differences are found between the groups of the teachers; the additional coaching only improves individual facets of professional competence. The 2. question analyzes the mathematical support practice of kindergarten teachers and their reception of a mathematical coaching. The data was gained by means of a participatory observation. The evaluation was carried out using a self-developed process-structural analysis method based on the documentary method. The findings show that mathematical support practice in kindergartens is restricted to selected aspects of mathematical process and content standards, which predominantly takes place in standardized situations, while the mathematical support potential of everyday situations often remains unused. Coaching is suitable for improving the skills of the kindergarten teachers, but there are personal and structural obstacles. Implications are named at the levels of research, professionalization, practical framework conditions and practical work, and research desiderata are formulated.

My research bridges the gap between Anglophone postcolonial studies and Francophone literary studies by looking at Francophone literature from West and Equatorial Africa, which remains under-studied in France. This work answers key questions: how can this literature be interpreted beyond its current confines? How does it rethink local and global identities? What theoretical configurations can be applied to these writers to bring them into greater academic and public prominence? I propose a comprehensive analysis of this literature’s significance in the world through a comparative reading of five contemporary regional novels in their political, social and historical context. This multidirectional reading allows me to evoke what Dominic Thomas calls an ‘intercultural dynamics’ in which colonialism ‘finds itself relocated as a mechanism that proceeds from globalization’, and integrates various spatial zones in which thinking is produced. It brings forward key writers situated ‘outside of the parameters of Frenchness’ inscribed in cosmopolitan decolonizing and cultural reconstruction trends, such as Léonora Miano, a young Cameroonian author and winner of six French literary prizes; Fatou Diome, a Senegalese best-selling writer; Sénouvo Agbota Zinsou from Togo, 63 and in political exile; one contemporary writer, Kangni Alem (Togo), and one more established intellectual, Boubacar Boris Diop (Senegal).

This thesis analyses farm household behaviour and livelihood strategies in the presence of market imperfections. The first chapter uses a farm household model to explain the presence of three household groups determined on the basis of the labour regime adopted: small-scale peasants, self-cultivators and hiring-in households. A partial generalised ordered logit model is used to test the main predictions of the model using data from the 1997 Rural Survey. The results show that access to liquidity and market imperfections matter in the choice of the labour strategy and that liquidity constrained households are more likely to sell labour off-farm. The second chapter provides an analysis of household technical effciency (TE) using using data on the KwaZulu Natal Province. The analysis is conducted at household-level and off-farm activities are considered as additional outputs of production. This approach better captures the jointness between farm and non-farm activities generated by the presence of market imperfections. An important source of li- quidity for the household is the receipt of a pension. Its effect on household TE is identified exploiting the age eligibility criteria adopted by the pension program. The results show that access to liquidity and income diversification has positive effects on household TE. Finally the last chapter investigates the relationship between land and household welfare. It uses the year of arrival in the current location as an instrument for land access and size for households in the former homelands. This identification strategy relies on the argument that African households have been forcibly relocated to the homelands since the introduction of the Native Land Act in 1913. Because of increasing population pressure in the homelands, later arrivals were less likely to have access to land and to larger plots of land. Results show that access to land positively affects the welfare of rural household.

This thesis has examined the associational lives of the educated African elite described in the Lagos newspapers between 1880 and 1920, focusing especially on articles about memorial associations, industrial and agricultural associations, and associations relating to the ceremonies ofthe British Empire. There are two purposes underlying this research. The first is to re-examine early colonial Lagos, which has been described as a divided society. The second is to re-evaluate the roles of the early Lagos press. Based on extensive examination of the Lagos newspapers, this thesis argues that the descriptions of associational activities in Lagos newspapers were part of a conscious project of the press tore-construct Lagos society by encouraging "unity" for an "African"/"Nigerian" way of progress. In addition to the Black Atlantic influences on the development of the idea of an African way of progress, it demonstrates the impact of Japan in the intellectual history of Nigeria. This thesis seeks to contribute to an understanding of the social life of the educated African elite and of press activity in early colonial Lagos within historical context that reveals new aspects of Lagos society between 1880 and 1920.

African Caribbean women in the United Kingdom are more likely to be biomedically defined as overweight or obese than the general population and have an increased risk of developing obesity related chronic illnesses. For healthcare professionals to engage in meaningful discussion about weight management and; for the development of targeted intervention, it is important to have an understanding of alternative discourses of health and wellbeing that may be held by women of this ethnic group. This qualitative research explores the discursive construction of health and wellbeing with regard to body shape and size for African Caribbean women. To address issues of under representation in applied health research, a novel research method was developed. Thematic analysis was used to identify the contours of the discourse and themes from the data were explored within the wider social contexts from which they emerge. The importance of post memory; trust of healthcare systems and; meanings of wellness are central concepts for understanding health beliefs and behaviours of African Caribbean women. Findings demonstrate the importance for research design take into account the dynamics of seldom heard communities to encourage participation and elicit rich data that is useful for healthcare practice.

Dans les lasers, les gradients de température dans les milieux à gain provoquent des déformations de l'onde laser qui s'y propage. Le but de ma thèse est de mesurer les propriétés thermo-optiques (conductivité thermique, coefficient thermo-optique dn/dT, coefficient de dilatation) de nouveaux matériaux lasers permettant d'atteindre des énergies élevées à de hautes cadences de tir. Ces matériaux sont des céramiques sesquioxydes de scandium Sc2O3, de lutétium Lu2O3 et d'yttrium Y2O3 dopées ytterbium. Les mesures se font à basse température (température de l'azote liquide, 77 K) car les propriétés thermiques sont améliorées lorsque la température du matériau diminue. Ces matériaux ont également été testés en configuration d'oscillateur laser relaxé, montrant ainsi tout l'intérêt de travailler à basse température. Les mesures de ces propriétés représentent un enjeu majeur pour le développement des lasers de forte puissance, d'autant plus que les données de la littérature concernant ces matériaux, dans ces domaines de température, sont quasiment inexistantes. D'autres matériaux comme des cristaux et des céramiques de YAG, des cristaux de fluorure de calcium CaF2 dopés ytterbium, et des verres phosphates dopés néodyme ont également été testés.