Web Services have been the dominant technology in business integration and implementation of service oriented architectures. PHP is a server-side language popular for development of applications. A significant advantage of PHP is its light weight development for feature-rich web applications. Typically, PHP is used for making good-looking front end user interfaces; Java or other programming languages are used to develop the back end application. A secure and robust way for PHP programs to call back-end services is by Web Services. However, when the Web Service operations have complex interfaces, writing PHP client code can be difficult and error-prone. This thesis research seeks to develop a Web service-PHP program middleware that automatically handles the client-side Web Service calls. Two Web Services are developed, as well as two Web applications that consume the two Web Services, and experiments that demonstrate the usage of the WS-PHP middleware component are conducted.

The project is to design and implement a Web application for realizing an innovative, hands-on interactive learning experience for the Google Maps API. This learning environment was developed based on a real-world Geographic Information System (GIS), the Gulf of Mexico Coastal Geospatial Information Support System. Significant efforts were invested not only in development of this GIS system, but also in the design and implement that turns the production system into a learning environment. The Web development aspect attracts computer science students, while the opportunity to learn GIS concepts in an interactive way to attract students from the geography department and the opportunity to learn the Google Maps API proves interesting to regular internet users. The Web learning system was given to a focus group whose feedback was collected through a survey. The survey results reveal a favorable response to the interactive, hands-on learning model and the Web implementation.

No description available.

<p></p><p><a>COS and CS₂ are sulfur compounds that are formed in natural waters. These compounds are also volatile, which leads them move into the atmosphere and serve as critical precursors to sulfate aerosols. Sulfate aerosols are known to counteract global warming by reflecting solar radiation. One major source of COS and CS₂ stems from the ocean. While previous studies have linked COS and CS₂ formation in these waters to the indirect photolysis of organic sulfur compounds, much of the chemistry behind how this occurs remains unclear. This study examined this chemistry by evaluating how different organic sulfur precursors, water quality constituents, and temperature affected COS and CS₂ formation in natural waters.</a></p> <p>In the first part of this thesis (chapters 2 and 3), nine natural waters ranging in salinity were spiked with various organic sulfur precursors (e.g. cysteine, cystine, dimethylsulfide (DMS) and methionine) exposed to simulated sunlight over varying exposures. Other water quality conditions including the presence of O₂, CO and temperature were also varied. Results indicated that COS and CS₂ formation increased up to 11× and 4×, respectively, after 12 h of sunlight while diurnal cycling exhibited varied effects. COS and CS₂ formation were also strongly affected by the DOC concentration, organic sulfur precursor type, O₂ concentration, and temperature while salinity differences and CO addition did not play a significant role.</p> <p>To then specifically evaluate the role of DOM in cleaner matrices, COS and CS₂ formation was examined in synthetic waters (see chapters 4 and 5). In this case, synthetic waters were spiked with different types of DOM isolates ranging from freshwater to ocean water along with either cysteine or DMS and exposed to simulated sunlight for up to 4 h. Surprisingly, CS₂ was not formed under any of the tested conditions, indicating that other water quality constituents, aside from DOM, were responsible for its formation. However, COS formation was observed. Interestingly, COS formation with cysteine was fairly similar for all DOM types, but increasing DOM concentration actually decreased formation. This is likely due to the dual role of DOM on simultaneously forming and quenching the reactive intermediates (RIs). Additional experiments with quenching agents to RIs (e.g. ³DOM* and ·OH) further indicated that ·OH was not involved in COS formation with cysteine but ³DOM* was involved. This result differed with DMS in that ·OH and ³DOM* were both found to be involved. In addition, treating DOM isolates with sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) to reduce ketone/aldehydes to their corresponding alcohols increased COS formation, which implied that the RIs formed by these functional groups in DOM were not involved. The alcohols formed by this process were not likely to act as quenching agents since they have been shown to low in reactivity. Since ketones are known to form high-energy-triplet-states of DOM while quinones are known to form low-energy-triplet-states of DOM, removing ketones from the system further supported the role of low-energy-triplet-states on COS formation. This was initially hypothesized by findings from the testes on DOM types. In the end there are several major research contributions from this thesis. First, cysteine and DMS have different mechanisms for forming COS. Second, adding O₂ decreased COS formation, but it did not stop it completely, which suggests that further research is required to evaluate the role of RI in the presence of O₂. Lastly, considering the low formation yields of COS and CS₂ formation from the organic sulfur precursors tested in this study, it is believed that some other organic sulfur precursors are missing which are likely to generate these compounds to higher levels and this needs to be investigated in future research. </p><br><p></p>

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de verificar a presença do conceito de discrição em três capítulos da obra Don Quijote de la Mancha, de Miguel de Cervantes. Tais capítulos estão localizados na segunda parte da obra e se referem aos conselhos dados por Dom Quixote ao seu fiel escudeiro, Sancho Pança, antes que este assumisse seu governo na ilha Barataria. O conceito de discrição é bastante amplo e complexo. Fazem parte dele atitudes morais e sociais que visam a uma adequada atuação social do indivíduo no universo em que ele se encontra. O exercício da discrição requer o conhecimento de alguns elementos que funcionam como uma espécie de pré-requisito para a sua prática. Entre eles estão a prudência, o discernimento, a cultura e a erudição. Contribuem para a apreensão do conceito de discrição os tratados sobre comportamento social dos séculos XVI e XVII, sobre os quais teceremos comentários específicos, relacionando-os, sempre que possível, ao Quixote de Cervantes. Em nossas considerações, também verificaremos a maneira específica como Cervantes trabalha o conceito de discrição em sua narrativa. Por vezes, o autor subverte as regras do decoro literário, promovendo a quebra da rigidez do conceito, utilizando-o de uma maneira que demonstra variedade em sua aplicação. / This dissertation aims at examining the presence of the concept of discretion in three chapters of Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes. Such chapters belong to the second part of mentioned book and they refer to the pieces of advice given by dom Quixote to Sancho Pança, before his faithful squire assumed the government of Barataria island. The concept of discretion is quite vast and complex. It includes moral and social attitudes wich provide for the individual\'s proper social behavior within the universe where he lives. In order to be put into practice, the exercise of discretion demands the knowledge of some elements that function as a kind of pré-requirements, such as prudence, discernment, education and erudition. Treatises on social behavior in the 16th and 17th centuries contribute to the understanding of the concept of discretion, and we are making specific comments on them in search, as far as posible, of their connections with Cervantes\'s Quixote. Along this study we are also examining the specific way Cervantes deals with the concept of discretion in his narrative. There are instances in which the writer subverts the rules of literary decorum causing a rupture in the rigidity of the concept by using it in such a way that demonstrates variety in its application.

O propósito desta dissertação de mestrado é examinar um procedimento específico utilizado por Miguel de Cervantes na construção de sua obra El ingenioso Hidalgo Don Quixote de La Mancha: o paralelismo entre episódios como meio de proporcionar coesão à narrativa longa. Tal recurso indica uma solução encontrada pelo escritor, voltada à estrutura textual, com intenção de equilibrar a narrativa longa/linear e a episódica/fragmentada, unindo as partes da sua composição e dando totalidade a ela. Para isso, o autor se vale de preceptivas de retórica e poética da antiguidade e de sua época, sendo os autores mais expressivos: Aristóteles, Cícero, Quintiliano, Horácio e Alonso López Pinciano. No que diz respeito especificamente ao uso do paralelismo entre episódios no Quixote, esta dissertação se beneficia dos trabalhos dos críticos Edward Riley e Knud Togeby; contudo, esses autores não analisaram detalhadamente o efeito de tal uso na unidade da obra, o que configura este trabalho como uma extensão da observação feita por eles a respeito dos episódios paralelos. Por fim, a análise demonstra que Cervantes compõe um recurso poético próprio, resultante da combinação de diversas fontes de conhecimento. A demonstração desse procedimento se faz pela leitura comparativa de quatro trios de episódios, cada trio composto por um episódio da primeira parte e dois da segunda parte, discutindo-se a maneira como o paralelismo entre eles interfere na composição geral do Quixote promovendo um tipo de unidade da narrativa diverso do que se vê prescrito nas poéticas antigas e nas do século XVII. / The purpose of this master\'s thesis is to examine a specific procedure used by Miguel de Cervantes in the construction of his work El Ingenioso Hidalgo Don Quixote de La Mancha: the parallelism between episodes as a means of providing cohesion to the long narrative. This feature indicates a solution found by the writer, focused on the textual structure, with the intention of balancing the long / linear narrative and the episodic / fragmented narrative, uniting the parts of its composition and giving totality to it. For this, the author uses precepts of rhetoric and poetics of antiquity and of his time, being the most expressive authors: Aristotle, Cícero, Quintiliano, Horácio and Alonso López Pinciano. With specific regard to the use of parallelism between episodes in the Quixote, this thesis benefits from the contributions of the literary critics: Edward Riley and Knud Togeby. However, these authors did not analyze in detail the effect of such use on the unit of the work, which configures this work as an extension of their observation of parallel episodes. Finally, the analysis shows that Cervantes composes a poetic resource of his own, which results from the combination of several sources of knowledge. The demonstration of this procedure is done by comparing four trios of episodes, each of them composed of one episode of the first part and two of the second part. Then discussing how the parallelism between them interferes in the general composition of Quixote by promoting a different type of narrative unity from the ones prescribed in the ancient Poetics and in the seventeenth century.

Denna studie behandlar hur gymnasielever använder de, dem och dom i de skriftliga delarna av nationella proven i Svenska 1 och 3. Genom en variabelanalys har de, dem och dom beräknats i sammanlagt 120 texter uppdelade i Svenska 1 och 3 samt mellan betygen E-C-A. Därefter har den felaktiga användningen analyserats. Den nästan obefintliga mängden dom i texterna var förvånande. Eleverna verkar skilja på texttyper där skriftspråksformerna de och dem ska användas och när det är godtagbart att använda talspråksformen. Majoriteten elever försöker alltså använda de och dem, även om det inte alltid blir rätt vilket tyder på att de och dem fortfarande har övertaget som språknorm i skriftspråket. Resultatet av undersökningen diskuteras utifrån teoretiska perspektiv gällande språkförändringar, språknormer, språkriktighet, skriftspråk, talspråk samt texttriangeln. Avslutningsvis diskuteras resultatet i ljuset av den långa och nästan ständigt pågående debatten kring vilket eller vilka pronomen som bör användas. Debattörernas åsikter går i tre led: stävan efter enhetligt dom, enhetligt de eller fortsatt användning av de och dem. Majoriteten nämnda debattörer verkar dock överens om att de och dem i framtiden kommer ersättas av dom, en process som kommer pågå under lång tid och är omöjlig att förutspå. Resultatet visar att dom som skriftspråk har en lång väg kvar att gå.

Esta tese busca pensar o desfuncional latente em toda escritura, linguagem e vida: suas potências não dominadas, nem domináveis, pelo corte finalista, utilitarista, entre funcional e disfuncional, e o devir-poesia destes interditos quando revertidos em afirmação de possibilidades para além das determinadas pelos códigos fixados e modelos de composição existentes. As obras de Jacques Derrida e Gilles Deleuze (parte com Felix Guattari) são as referências centrais para a constituição deste pensamento, que constantemente se volta ao fazer poético. O trabalho, porém, é conduzido pela extravagante figura que ele livremente se cria do engenhoso fidalgo e cavaleiro Dom Quixote de la Mancha, por seu modo errante de atuar, sua andante poesia. Sua relação com a morte iminente; o papel da leitura em sua fantasia, cuja extensão se mostra incontornável a quem quer que se aproxime; sua irredutibilidade a qualquer juízo que se possa tentar de sua sanidade mental; sua constante construção de uma equívoca e fugidia identidade; e seu permanente e delirante improviso no teatro do mundo configuram uma escritura lúdica, inventiva, aberta, consciente de sua formação, de seu contexto e de seus percursos, o que possibilita a construção da noção de uma poética da existência, sugerida pelas especulações teóricas preliminares. / This thesis seeks to think the latent defunctional in every writing, as language and life: its potencies not dominated by the finalist and utilitarian cut between functional and dysfunctional, and the becoming-poetry of this interdicts when reversed in the affirmation of possibilities beyond those determined by fixed codes and existing composition models. The works of Jacques Derrida and Gilles Deleuze (part with Felix Guattari) are the central references to the constitution of this thought, constantly turned to the poetic making. The work, however, is conducted by the extravagant figure that it freely creates of the ingenious gentleman and knight Don Quixote of la Mancha, by his errant acting mode, his walking poetry. His relationship with imminent death; the role of reading in his fantasy, which extension shows up inescapable to whoever gets close to it; his irreducibility to any judgment that could be tried on his mental sanity; his constant construction of an equivocal and elusive identity; and his permanent and delirious improvisation in the theatre of the world configure a ludic, inventive and open writing, aware of its formation, its context and its routes, which enables the construction of the notion of a poetics of existence, suggested by preliminary theoretical speculations.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:54:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 462636.pdf: 4007379 bytes, checksum: e63972c2d872540c10d45e4128fb5716 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-24 / Abuse of the elderly is an important problem that tends to increase with the aging world population, however, information about the extent of violence in elderly populations is still scarce and its prevention and management require epidemiological knowledge. The tracking of violence against the elderly, in the scenario of Primary Health Care, allows to draw an epidemiological map, to identify local and regional risk factors, to direct preventive actions, to guide the construction of care support networks, and to provide data to be used in the formulation of public policies of health and violence prevention. The present research is a prospective cross-sectional study, carried out between July and September 2012 , which aimed at: to track in the population registered by the Family Health Strategy ( Primary Health Care) in Jo?o Pessoa-PB the elders at violence risk, through the use of the Hawlek- Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test (H-S/EAST) and to establish its association with violence actually happened, by crossing data with the Assessment Instrument for Violence and Maltreatment Against the Elder; to determine the prevalence values for each instrument; to specify the association between the risk of violence and depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment; to identify social, demographic, economic and family factors associated. 311 people were interviewed, mostly women ,between 60-69 years old, with low level of education, with a steady partner, living in their own house, being the great majority of retirees; with incomes of up to 01 minimum wage, being the largest or the sole responsible for the family income. The majority reported having someone to seek support (71%, p < 0,001), this being a family member (95%), with whom they kept a good /great relationship (89.6%, p = 0.047). Disunity in the family (29.5%, p < 0,001), history of prior violence in the family (24.5%, p < 0,001) and depressive symptoms (67.9%, p < 0,001), were significant. Cognitive impairment was identified in 53.1% of the sample. Prevalence of violence risk was 54.7% and of violence actually happened was 35.4%. Logistic regression showed that an elderly person identified as having risk for violence has its chance to be classified as a candidate for victimization of violence multiplied by 0,255. Depressive symptoms when identified, multiply the chance of risk for victimization by 0,180 and family disunity by 0,260, these variables are considered as risk factors (OR>1) in the sample; whereas, higher literacy and having someone to seek support are protective factors. The tracking of risk and violence against the elderly is a possible action to be performed in the environment of practice of Primary Health Care and can provide parameters for early identification of risk, anticipating interventions and preventing injuries resulting from it. / O abuso contra a pessoa idosa ? um importante problema que tende a aumentar com o envelhecimento populacional, por?m informa??es sobre a extens?o da viol?ncia ainda s?o escassas e sua preven??o e manejo requerem conhecimentos epidemiol?gicos. O rastreamento da viol?ncia contra a pessoa idosa, no cen?rio da Aten??o B?sica, permite tra?ar-lhe um mapa epidemiol?gico, identificar fatores de riscos locais e regionais, direcionar a??es preventivas, nortear a constru??o de redes assistenciais, fornecer dados para constru??o de pol?ticas p?blicas de sa?de e de preven??o da viol?ncia. A presente pesquisa trata-se de um estudo transversal, prospectivo, realizado entre julho e setembro de 2012, onde se objetivou rastrear na popula??o cadastrada pela Estrat?gia de Sa?de da Fam?lia (Aten??o B?sica) em Jo?o Pessoa-PB as pessoas idosas em risco de viol?ncia, atrav?s do uso do Hawlek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test (H-S/EAST) e estabelecer sua associa??o com a viol?ncia de fato acontecida, atrav?s do cruzamento dos dados com o Instrumento de Avalia??o de Viol?ncia e Maus-tratos Contra a Pessoa Idosa; determinar a preval?ncia para cada instrumento; especificar a associa??o entre o risco de viol?ncia e sintomas depressivos e de d?ficit cognitivo; identificar fatores sociodemogr?ficos, econ?micos e familiares associados. Foram entrevistadas 311 pessoas, de maioria feminina, entre 60-69 anos, com baixa escolaridade, com companheiro est?vel, residindo em casa pr?pria, sendo a grande maioria de aposentados; com renda pessoal de at? 01 sal?rio m?nimo, identificadas como maiores ou ?nicas respons?veis pela renda familiar. A maioria referiu ter algu?m a quem buscar apoio (71%; p < 0,001), sendo esta pessoa um familiar (95%), com quem mantinham bom/?timo relacionamento (89,6%; p = 0,047). A desuni?o na fam?lia (29,5%; p < 0,001), hist?rias pr?vias de viol?ncia na fam?lia (24,5%; p < 0,001) e sintomas depressivos (67,9%; p < 0,001), mostraram-se significativos. O d?ficit cognitivo foi constatado em 53,1% da amostra. A preval?ncia do risco de viol?ncia foi de 54,7% e da viol?ncia de fato acontecida foi de 35,4%. A regress?o log?stica apontou que uma pessoa idosa identificada como tendo risco para a viol?ncia tem a sua chance de ser classificada como candidata ? vitimiza??o da viol?ncia multiplicada por 0,255. Os sintomas depressivos multiplicam a chance de risco para vitimiza??o por 0,180 e a desuni?o familiar em 0,260, o que constitui estas vari?veis como fatores de risco (OR > 1) na amostra. Como fatores protetores foram identificados: maior escolaridade, possuir algu?m a quem buscar apoio. O rastreamento do risco e da viol?ncia contra a pessoa idosa ? uma a??o poss?vel de ser realizada no ambiente de pr?tica da aten??o b?sica e pode oferecer par?metros para a identifica??o precoce da situa??o de risco, antecipando interven??es e prevenindo agravos.

Submitted by PPG Ci?ncias Criminais (ppgccrim@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-03T13:58:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAC?A?O ROBERTA EGGERT POLL - Homologa??o.pdf: 2070648 bytes, checksum: fd1fd36721cd1c58dedc8ed8b707b3fd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-14T11:45:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAC?A?O ROBERTA EGGERT POLL - Homologa??o.pdf: 2070648 bytes, checksum: fd1fd36721cd1c58dedc8ed8b707b3fd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-14T12:00:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAC?A?O ROBERTA EGGERT POLL - Homologa??o.pdf: 2070648 bytes, checksum: fd1fd36721cd1c58dedc8ed8b707b3fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-22 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / El objeto de an?lisis de la presente disertaci?n es la teor?a del dominio por organizaci?n y su posible utilizaci?n como marco te?rico para delimitaci?n de autor?a, considerando los cr?menes practicados por medio de organizaciones empresariales complejas. El objetivo-problema de esta investigaci?n es la verificaci?n de la compatibilidad jur?dico-penal de la teor?a del dominio por organizaci?n con el sistema jur?dico-penal brasile?o, con base en los fundamentos te?ricos desarrollados por la literatura contempor?nea. La hip?tesis se traduce en la compatibilidad del dominio por organizaci?n en el ordenamiento jur?dico brasile?o. En efecto, la complejidad de la estructura organizacional encontrada en las grandes empresas apunta que no siempre es la conducta ejecutiva del funcionario / colaborador (ejecutor material) que debe ser analizada en la perspectiva de su posible relevancia jur?dico-penal. En esta senda, tambi?n se muestra importante analizar el papel de aquellos que est?n situados a nivel jer?rquico superior (gerencia, direcci?n ejecutiva, presidencia), ya que la estructura organizada y la estricta obediencia jer?rquica pueden revelar una hip?tesis de dominio de la voluntad por medio de un aparato organizado de poder (como autor?a mediata). Al fin y al cabo, bajo el prisma del modus operandi, las grandes empresas o grupos econ?micos que act?an en el mercado se caracterizan por la fungibilidad de los ejecutores (que reciben las ?rdenes de directorios, presidencias, entre otros), estructura jer?rquica, poder de mando y una disposici?n elevada de los ejecutores al hecho, llenando as? los presupuestos en la teor?a del dominio por organizaci?n, mientras que la autor?a mediata. / O objeto de an?lise da presente disserta??o ? a teoria do dom?nio por organiza??o e sua poss?vel utiliza??o como marco te?rico para delimita??o de autoria, considerando os crimes praticados por meio de organiza??es empresariais complexas. O objetivo-problema dessa pesquisa ? a verifica??o da compatibilidade jur?dico-penal da teoria do dom?nio por organiza??o com o sistema jur?dico-penal brasileiro, com base nos fundamentos te?ricos desenvolvidos pela literatura contempor?nea. A hip?tese se traduz na compatibilidade do dom?nio por organiza??o no ordenamento jur?dico brasileiro. Com efeito, a complexidade da estrutura organizacional encontrada nas grandes empresas aponta que nem sempre ? a conduta executiva do funcion?rio/colaborador (executor material) que deve ser analisada na perspectiva de sua poss?vel relev?ncia jur?dico-penal. Nessa senda, tamb?m se mostra importante analisar o papel daqueles que est?o situados em n?vel hier?rquico superior (ger?ncia, dire??o executiva, presid?ncia), j? que a estrutura organizada e a estrita obedi?ncia hier?rquica podem revelar uma hip?tese de dom?nio da vontade por meio de um aparato organizado de poder (enquanto autoria mediata). Ao fim e ao cabo, sob o prisma do modus operandi, as grandes empresas ou grupos econ?micos que atuam no mercado caracterizam-se pela fungibilidade dos executores (que recebem as ordens de diretorias, presid?ncias, dentre outros), estrutura hier?rquica, poder de mando e disposi??o elevada dos executores ao fato, preenchendo, assim, os pressupostos da teoria do dom?nio por organiza??o, enquanto autoria mediata.