Das suchtpräventive Unterrichtsprogramm Lions Quest wird weltweit im Schulunterricht angewandt. Es ist erforderlich, dass das Original aus den USA an die Gegebenheiten eines Landes adaptiert wird. Ziel meiner Arbeit war es, dies für das Land Kolumbien vorzunehmen. Nach einer wissenschaftlichen Erhebung vor Ort im Jahr 2005 konnte ich besonders auf die Aspekte \"Kultureller Hintergrund Kolumbiens\", \"Drogenpolitik, Situation des Drogenkonsums und Stand der Suchtprävention in Kolumbien und Deutschland\" sowie dem \"Kolumbianischen Schulsystem im Vergleich zum deutschen Schulsystem\" eingehen. Durch die Nutzung qualitativer und quantitativer Verfahren (Gruppendiskussion, Teilnehmende Beobachtung, Experteninterviews, Dokumentenanalyse, Fragebogenerhebung) war es mir möglich, als Ergebnis der Arbeit konkrete Vorschläge zu geben, in welchen Bereichen Veränderungen notwendig sein werden, um das Programm Lions Quest in Kolumbien zu adaptieren und letzlich anwenden zu können. Die Ergebnisse liegen den Partnern vor Ort vor.

Ungdomars droganvändning utgör ett samhällsproblem som kan medföra allvarliga konsekvenser för både individen och samhället i stort. Att arbeta drogpreventivt med ungdomar är således en prioriterad fråga på nationell nivå och skolan framhålls inneha en viktig roll i det förebyggande arbetet. Gymnasieskolan Knut Hahn i Ronneby har nominerats för sitt framgångsrika drogpreventiva arbete som bland annat utgörs av drogtester och samverkan med polis och socialtjänst. Knut Hahn har tidigare haft en problematik med droganvändning vilket resulterade i att det drogpreventiva arbetet inleddes. Aktuell processutvärdering syftar till att utvärdera Knut Hahns drogpreventiva arbete med intention att såväl kunskapsutveckla som främja processen. Det inbegriper följaktligen att undersöka vilka insatser som implementerats på gymnasieskolan Knut Hahn i förhållande till deras framtagna handlingsplan. Vidare ämnas erfarenheter och upplevelser från involverade aktörer i det drogpreventiva arbetet studeras, för att identifiera potentiella framgångsfaktorer och eventuella brister. Datamaterialet utgörs av tio semistrukturerade intervjuer med involverade aktörer. I resultatet framgår att insatserna i skolans handlingsplan har efterföljts. Därutöver framkommer det i intervjuerna att ytterligare insatser som inte omnämns i handlingsplanen genomförs. Vidare indikerar resultatet på en samstämmighet hos de involverade aktörerna avseende positiva upplevelser av det drogpreventiva arbetet på Knut Hahn. Flera framgångsfaktorer identifieras, varpå engagemang, korta kontaktvägar och långsiktighet i huvudsak framhävs. Sekretess och resursbrist lyfts i sin tur fram som hinder för ett effektivt drogförebyggande arbete. / Youth drug use is considered a societal problem which can cause serious consequences for both the individual and society at large. Drug prevention aimed towards young people is thus a prioritized issue at a national level and schools are emphasized to have an important role in the drug preventative work. Knut Hahn High School in Ronneby has been nominated for its successful drug preventative work, which includes drug tests as well as cooperation with the police and social services. The drug preventative work was initiated due to observed drug use among students at Knut Hahn. The current process evaluation aims to evaluate Knut Hahn's drug preventative work with the intention of developing knowledge in order to further the process. Consequently, the evaluation mean to investigate the implemented drug preventative measures at Knut Hahn High School in relation to their developed plan of action. Furthermore, the study aims to highlight experiences from different actors involved in the drug preventative work, in order to identify potential success factors and possible shortcomings. Ten semi-structured interviews with involved actors were conducted. The results show that the initiatives of the school's plan of action have been followed. The interviews also indicate implemented measures beyond what’s mentioned in the plan of action. Furthermore, a consensus among the actors regarding positive experiences of the drug prevention work at Knut Hahn was found. Several success factors are mentioned, whereupon commitment, effective communication and long term perspective are mainly emphasized. Secrecy and lack of resources are in turn highlighted as obstacles to effective drug preventative work.

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Orientador: Valerio Jose Arantes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T13:33:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fonseca_MariliaSaldanhada_D.pdf: 5726866 bytes, checksum: ca78c69b77490e1a3a90581c8fefae81 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Doutorado / Psicologia, Desenvolvimento Humano e Educação / Doutor em Educação

This thesis explores how professionals working with unaccompanied minors (UM) perceive the uniqueness of this group in relation to substance use and prevention. Findings from the study suggest that professionals’ perceptions of UM’s uniqueness could be divided into five themes: financial situation; age; contact persons and authorities; prolonged waits at the migration agency; and access to health care. Drug use among UM was either perceived to be a result of the difficult experiences they have lived through or something that only certain (deviant) youth engage in. How professionals perceived the vulnerability and oppression of UM correlated with the attempts and efforts they made in providing preventative work against drugs. In terms of treatment, it was perceived as UM either got into treatment more easily compared to others, or that they faced various barriers. It is suggested that the additional barriers may be increasingly more evident after the UM’s 18th birthday.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-04T21:14:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 18 / Nenhuma / A tese intitulada Saberes construídos em projeto de prevenção ao abuso de drogas: subsídio para a formação do educador se caracteriza como uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo que tem como objetivo analisar o processo de desenvolvimento de programas de prevenção à droga na escola, de forma a possibilitar suporte para a formação do educador, com base nos saberes construídos por todos os segmentos envolvidos nesse processo (professores, pais, adolescentes e outros profissionais que trabalham nos programas). Três eixos fundantes presidiram o trabalho: drogadição e prevenção, formação de professores e saberes. O primeiro sustentou-se teoricamente em Carlini, Bucher, Tiba, Zagury, Vizzolto, Santos e Asinelli-Luz. O segundo em Zeichner, Nóvoa e Moraes. O terceiro em Tardif e Gauthier (professores) e Charlot (adolescentes). A pesquisa realizada estudou diferentes projetos de prevenção ao uso de drogas e optou pela análise em profundidade do realizado pela Escola Vida por já apresentar resultados relevantes em sua comun / The thesis entitled Knowledge Constructed in Drug Abuse Prevention Project: A subsidy for teacher education is a qualitative research aiming at the analysis of the development of drug prevention programs at schools as a means to aid teacher education based on knowledge co-constructed by the segments involved in the process: teachers, parents, adolescents and other professionals working in such programs. Drug addiction (Carlini, Bucher, Tiba, Zagury, Vizzolto, Santos and Asinelli-Luz), teacher education (Zeichner, Nóvoa and Moraes) and knowledge (Tardif and Gauthier – teachers – and Charlot – adolescents) form the founding axis of the research. After studying some drug prevention projects, the project Escola Vida has been chosen for in-depth analysis due to relevant results exerted within the community. Nine interlocutors have been interviewed: 3 teachers, 3 adolescents and 3 members of the school community. For data treatment content analysis was used. The premise of the confirmed thesis was that schools that

毒品的存在由來已久，近年在生活壓力漸增下，毒品濫用的問題愈演愈烈，此可見諸於我國吸毒入監人數以及毒品吸食的再犯率屢創新高。在這樣的發展趨勢下，政府為了抑制社會毒品濫用的問題，減少犯罪與社會危害，遂推動地方毒品危害防制中心的政策措施，希望能結合政府與民間的資源與力量，共同進行反毒作戰。此一新的反毒政策創新成為本研究的主要焦點，在該政策預期達到的政策目的上，實質蘊含了政策網絡的組織連結概念，因此本研究運用政策網絡的概念分析工具與觀察架構，以現有反毒文獻較缺乏的政策執行過程面向切入，意圖深入了解地方毒品危害防制中心的實際運作。 本研究主要採取深度訪談法與次級資料分析法，從縱貫面的觀察架構輔以橫切面的要素分析，企圖了解地方毒品危害防制中心的實際運作內涵。研究發現該政策主要是植基於應急式的反毒政策推動，為了因應漸趨嚴重的毒品問題，政府採取運用現有的組織資源方式來做政策推動，在此資源侷限下，主責單位僅能以建立網絡、遊說與政策指導、尋找資源的策略來加以因應，實際產生的政策變革有限，組織間的連結也為初步形成的弱連結型態。除此之外，中心組織運作所抱持的反毒醫療、輔導觀點在實質運作中也遭遇吸毒犯心理依賴強烈與病識感不足的困境，實質進展有限。因此，本研究建議應在中央政府成立專責的反毒機構，擺脫現有反毒資源不足的困境；對於民間而言，更應擴大其政策參與的角色；而就現有的政府機關協調問題上，應指派專門的政務委員進行部門間的政策協調工作，讓毒品政策的組織衝突能獲得解決；最後，在現有的社區輔導成效有限下，應回歸監獄輔導與職訓功能的強化。 / Drug has existed for a long time. Recently, due to the escalating life stress, drug abuse problem becomes much more serious in the society. The growing number of people sent to jail for drug abuse and high percentage of retaking drugs are evidences in this trend. In order to tackle this problem, our government set up the local drug prevention and control center. Through this organization, they hoped that it can put government and non-governmental organizations together to prevent drug abuse and crimes. This research focuses on this innovative organization. By using policy network analysis, the research tries to understand the policy implementation of local drug prevention and control center. This research adopts in-depth interview and secondary data analysis to investigate the implementation of local drug prevention and control center. The research findings reveal several things. First, the government set up local drug prevention and control center to solve drug problem. However, because drug policy had long been neglected and drug users had strong psychological dependence, the resources that anti-drug actors can use were always scarce. Under this circumstance, the local drug prevention and control center took the form of task force but had few resources available. Second, network-building, persuading, policy guidance and resource-seeking were the strategies that actors used in policy implementation. In fact, the policy transformation did happen, but limited. Policy network formation was one of the changes worth noting, even though the networks were primary type and weak-tied. Last, lack of sick awareness in drug user group made policy implementation even more difficult. Based on these findings, the research suggests that it should set up a specialized, dedicated organization responsible for drug policy in the central government; drug policy planning and implementation must include more non-governmental actors; the government should designate one minister of state in charge of drug policy coordination; finally, the drug policy implementation ought to focus on the counseling and job training in the jail, rather than in the community.

Abstract The objectives of this study are to describe and analyse upper secondary school teachers’ views on education and teaching directed at drug use prevention. The aims of the study are to identify the different ways in which teachers perceive drug prevention in upper secondary school education, as well as to examine different meanings given to different perceptions and the variation of such perceptions in order to give a holistic view on the phenomenon. Drug prevention and the related teaching and education were approached by analysing the teachers’ common understanding on intoxicants, drugs in particular, and their methods of drug use prevention. The approach chosen was the phenomenographic method. Teachers’ views and their characteristics were compiled into clearly separated categories. The data were collected by interviewing the same teachers twice. The interview started with selected key questions and was thus semi-structured in nature. The objective of the interview was to give the teachers an opportunity to present their own views on their own lifeworld. The analysis of empirical data focussed on the variation in the ways teachers experience drug prevention. The teachers’ views were studied by means of direct and indirect intentionality, and the critical aspects of their view as well as the knowledge contained in them were examined. The study includes descriptions on the teachers’ knowledge on the issue and content of their drug prevention methods collected by means of ‘what’ questions. ‘How’ questions were used to obtain information on their actions and behaviour as teachers and educators. The study is based on the variation theory in the context of upper secondary school. The study creates several concept categories and explicitly describes their meanings. The meanings related to the critical aspects of different concept categories on drug prevention teaching and education open new horizons and provide teachers with tools for comparing different concepts and creating new links to the world. The study created tools for changing one’s opinions and extending one’s horizons, which in turn permits qualitative changes in one’s perceptions. The tools can be used and finalised in practical drug use prevention teaching and education. The study gives us a more profound understanding of the upper secondary school teachers’ views on drug prevention in teaching and education. It also provides us with better understanding of, and commitment in, phenomenographic research and qualitative change in drug prevention teaching and education. / Tiivistelmä Tutkimuksessa kuvataan ja analysoidaan lukion opettajien käsityksiä ehkäisevästä huumetyöstä ja siihen liittyvästä koulukasvatuksesta ja opetuksesta. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli tunnistaa opettajien erilaisia tapoja ymmärtää ilmiö ja paljastaa käsityksiin liittyvät merkitykset sekä kuvata käsitysten vaihtelut kokonaiskuvan muodostamiseksi ilmiöstä. Ehkäisevää huumetyötä ja siihen suuntautuvaa opetus- ja kasvatustoimintaa lähestyttiin mm. tutkimalla opettajien arkiymmärrystä päihteistä ja heidän tapojaan toteuttaa ehkäisevää huumetyötä. Tutkittavaa ilmiötä lähestyttiin fenomenografisen metodin kautta. Käsitykset ja niiden ominaispiirteet tiivistettiin selkeästi toisistaan erottuviin käsitystyyppeihin. Tutkimusaineisto kerättiin haastattelemalla lukion opettajia kaksi kertaa. Samat opettajat osallistuivat molempiin haastatteluihin. Haastattelun alussa käytettiin avainkysymyksiä, jolloin siinä oli piirteitä puolistrukturoidusta haastattelusta. Haastattelutilanteessa oli tavoitteena, että opettajat voisivat esittää omaa ajatteluaan omasta elämismaailmastaan. Empiirisen aineiston analysoinnissa keskityttiin tarkastelemaan ilmiöön liittyviä opettajien käsitysten vaihteluita. Opettajien käsityksiä tutkittiin intentionaalisuuden suoran ja epäsuoran aspektin kautta ja paljastettiin käsitysten kriittiset aspektit ja niihin sisältyvä tieto. Tutkimuksessa on kuvauksia opettajien tietoperustasta, mitä-kysymysten avulla tuotettua sisältötietoa ehkäisevästä huumetyöstä ja miten-kysymysten avulla tuotettua tietoa toiminnasta ja tavasta olla opettajana tai koulukasvattajana. Tutkimuksen taustalla on variaatioteoriaa, johon kontekstin kautta liittyy lukion opetus- ja kasvatustoiminta. Tutkimuksessa tunnistettiin useita käsitystyyppejä ja paljastettiin niihin liittyviä merkityksiä eksplisiittisesti. Käsitystyyppien kriittisiin aspekteihin liittyvät merkitykset ehkäisevän huumetyön opetuksesta ja koulukasvatuksesta avaavat uusia perspektiivejä ja mahdollistavat opettajille käsitysten vertailut ja uusien suhteiden muodostamisen maailmaan. Tutkimus tuotti välineitä käsitysten muutoksiin sekä maailman laajenemiseen mahdollistaen näin osaltaan ajatusten laadullisen muutoksen. Välineitä voidaan käyttää ja jalostaa käytännössä ehkäisevän huumetyön opetus- ja kasvatustyössä. Tämän tutkimuksen myötä ymmärrämme paremmin lukion opettajien erilaisia käsityksiä ehkäisevän huumetyön opetuksesta ja koulukasvatuksesta. Tämän tutkimuksen kautta ymmärrämme myös osaltaan paremmin tavan sitoutua fenomenografiseen tutkimukseen ja laadulliseen muutokseen opetuksessa.

Bakgrund: Statistik visar att narkotikaanvändningen bland tjejer i åk 2 på gymnasiet på Gotland ligger 5% över riksgenomsnittet i Sverige. Mot denna bakgrund tog Region Gotland fram ett medborgarlöfte år 2020 med målet att ta fram ett proaktivt och förebyggande samverkansarbete gällande gymnasietjejers narkotikabruk. Syfte: Studiens syfte var att inom ramen för Region Gotlands utvecklingsarbete undersöka unga kvinnors uppfattning och erfarenhet av narkotikaanvändning på Gotland. Metod: Studiens design var kvalitativ med induktiv ansats. Semi-strukturerade fokusgrupper genomfördes för att samla in data. Tre fokusgrupper genomfördes, där vardera gruppen intervjuades vid två tillfällen, cirka 120 minuter per tillfälle. Sammanlagt deltog 22 tjejer i gymnasieåldern i intervjuerna. Systematisk textkondensering användes för genomförande av analysen som mynnade ut i fyra teman med tillhörande underkategorier: 1) Narkotikan finns överallt och när den träder in förändras spelreglerna, 2) Se oss, hör oss respektera oss, 3) Kille och tjej på olika villkor, 4) Vi bor alla på en liten ö. Resultat: Det sammantagna resultatet visade att tjejerna efterfrågar närvarande vuxna som visar förståelse och engagemang att vilja lära sig om de problem och utmaningar som unga tjejer stöter på i sin vardag. Tjejerna efterfrågade engagemang från vuxna i balanserade samtal om droger, både som föräldrar och i professionella situationer. Slutsats: Tjejerna gav flera förslag för att minska riskfaktorer och öka skyddsfaktorer som i hög grad stämmer överens med de åtgärder som återfinns i den så kallade Islandsmodellen. / Background: Statistics show that drug use among girls in year 2 of Upper Secondary School on Gotland is 5 % above the national average in Sweden. Against this background, Region Gotland made a citizens’ pledge in 2020 with the goal of developing a proactive and preventive collaboration within Region Gotland, regarding high school girls’ drug use. Aim: The purpose of the study was to examine young women’s perceptions and experiences of drug use on Gotland within the framework of Region Gotland’s development work. Method: The design of the study was qualitative with an inductive approach. Semi-structured focus groups were conducted. Each group was interviewed on two occasions, with each session lasting about 120 minutes. Twenty two girls of high school age participated in the interviews. Systematic text condensation was used for the implementation of analysis that resulted in four themes with associated subcategories: 1) Drugs are everywhere and once introduced, the rules of the game change, 2) See us, hear us, respect us, 3) Boys and girls on different terms, 4) We all live on a small island. Results: The overall result showed that girls are actively looking for adults who show an understanding for their situation and who are committed to wanting to learn about the challenges that young girls face in their everyday lives. The girls expressed a call for adults, both parents and professionals, who were willing to engage in balanced conversations about drugs, both as parents and in professional situations. Conclusion: Several proposals on how to reduce risk factors and how to increase protection factors were brought forward by the girls. These were very much in line with the measures found in the so called Icelandic model.

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