В первой главе представлены теоретические основы исследования волонтерской деятельности; характеристики волонтерства; проанализированы нормативно-правовая база регулирования волонтерской деятельности в России и роль волонтерства в государственной молодежной политике. Во второй главе представлены результаты эмпирического исследования: факторы, влияющие на мотивацию вовлечения молодых граждан в волонтерскую деятельность; интервью с руководителями волонтерских организаций и сообществ; гугл-опрос граждан в возрасте от 14 до 35 лет. / The first chapter presents the theoretical foundations of the study of volunteer activity; characteristics of volunteerism; analyzes the regulatory framework for regulating volunteer activity in Russia and the role of volunteerism in state youth policy. The second chapter presents the results of an empirical study: factors influencing the motivation for the involvement of young citizens in volunteer activities; interviews with leaders of volunteer organizations and communities; a Google survey of citizens aged 14 to 35 years.

В работе исследованы теоретико-методологические и правовые основы социального обслуживания граждан пожилого возраста, выполнен анализ форм социального обслуживания граждан пожилого возраста на примере ГАУ «КЦСОН Нижнесергинского района». Результаты анализа послужили основой для разработки рекомендаций по совершенствованию социальной работы с гражданами пожилого возраста. / The paper examines the theoretical, methodological and legal foundations of social services for elderly citizens, analyzes the forms of social services for elderly citizens on the example of the state INSTITUTION "kcson of the Nizhneserginsky district". The results of the analysis served as the basis for developing recommendations for improving social work with older citizens.

In today's rapidly evolving digital age, the relationship between citizens and government entities has undergone a transformative shift, primarily facilitated by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Transformational Government (T-Gov) is considered a technological innovation and a shift to a new entrepreneurial culture from inefficient, unaccountable bureaucracy generally observed within public organizations. T-Gov involves e-government, business process reengineering, and business scope revaluation with the ambition to be more citizen-centric. This thesis presents in an aggregated fashion ICT tools and technologies that ameliorate interaction between citizens and public organizations by providing solutions to frequent issues that citizens raise as part of transformational government. When presenting those ICT tools, it is essential to depict how ICT tools and technologies are transforming public values and how assessing the maturity level of the tools for a more comprehensive retrospect of how digital tools have metamorphosed citizens, public organizations, and public officials' interactions. Here then comes the research problem as there is a lack of systematic review on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) tools support to address citizens' issues as part of government transformation and a scarcity of systematic examination of the overall maturity landscape. Hence, research questions have been formulated: What ICT tools and technologies are available to address frequent issues citizens raise to public organizations to improve public services? What is the maturity level of those ICT tools and technologies? Which were answered by conducting a survey through a systematic literature review strategy. The data collection included identifying articles and systematically selecting relevant ones through screening criteria and then extracting data from those articles. The data analysis method was done through a thematic approach to extract public values embedded in those ICT tools and assess their maturity level. Supportive tools like Atlas.ti and concept matrix-assisted in extracting emerging themes from those ICT tools. These emerging themes are public values offered by those ICT tools and technologies. The maturity level assessment of each ICT tool and technology grouped into ICT solutions was based on the general availability of the solution in the market. However, the Technology Readiness Level method (TRL) evaluated each ICT tool and technology contextually. The results were an exhaustive list of ICT Solutions, each being a set of ICT tools, mapped to the public values they deliver and Citizens' frequent issues they address. The result incorporated the maturity level of each ICT tool and the ICT Solution. The maturity from the market level was also included. The discussion explained in detail how ICT tools and technologies have transformed each public value delivered by public organizations. In conclusion, grounded on the results, this thesis has brought to light at an in-depth level how matured ICT tools and technologies have substantially transformed public values by analyzing profoundly the state of each public value offered before and after the deployment of each ICT solution within public organizations, laying a pace to a strategic adoption of these solutions, thus contributing to more efficient, citizen-centric public services, which implies addressing citizens issues.

The Citizenlab is an innovative and dynamic project that aims to empower citizens and foster their active engagement in the democratic process. By creating a modular and welcoming space, the Citizenlab provides a platform for participants to reflect on their role as citizens and explore alternative perspectives on societal issues. The following provides an overview of the essential elements and objectives of the Citizenlab, emphasizing its distinctive approach in promoting citizen participation and fostering critical thinking. The Citizenlab utilizes interactive workshops as a central component, where participants are invited to engage in stimulating discussions and collaborative activities. These workshops are carefully designed to promote an inclusive and participatory environment, allowing individuals from diverse backgrounds to share their ideas and experiences. By incorporating thought-provoking “provotypes,” the Citizenlab encourages participants to challenge prevailing assumptions and envision alternative solutions to complex problems. Ultimately, the Citizenlab aspires to create a more informed, engaged, and empowered society. By promoting critical thinking, community engagement, and active citizenship, the project seeks to inspire individuals to take an active role in shaping their communities and influencing policy decisions. The potential impact of the Citizenlab extends beyond the immediate workshop setting, envisioning a ripple effect that transforms societal attitudes and practices towards a more democratic and participatory future. Through its innovative approach, the Citizenlab holds the potential to redefine the relationship between citizens and public institutions, paving the way for a more inclusive and collaborative society.

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This research is aimed at discussing the impact of participatory communication on empowering, increasing agency, and mobilizing citizenship that fosters social change. I conducted my fieldwork with a group of 21 youth (seven women and 14 men), with ages ranging from 15 to 30 years, who reside in Ataúro, Timor-Leste. This group participates in a community wall-newspaper founded in 2008. The methodologies applied were participant observation and qualitative interviews. The text is divided into three chapters; the first explores the societal structure and the constructing of youth, and the process of resignification of youth roles and identities from the work of young people in the community newspaper. In the following chapter, the internal dynamic of the newspaper group is analysed through the participatory communication framework, elaborating on empowerment processes and showing how this promotes changes and continuities in traditional structures. Finally, the last chapter looks at interactions of the group with their community and the way the negotiation between new and traditional practices develops. Youth are more empowered and the changes occurring throughout the participatory process suggest that ruptures and continuities between conserving and changing traditional practices, and the perception of ‘youth’ in the community, are occurring.

This thesis analyses speeches by Charles XIII of Sweden to the Assembly of the Estates from 1809 to 1818, showing how Charles legitimised himself, the new regime he represented and his two successors, Charles August, and Charles John. The legitimisation focuses on the rhetorical meaning that Charles chronologically gives to the key concepts he utilises in independence, citizens, and freedom and how this relates to the periods before his rule. The thesis shows that independence was the key concept of Charles’ legitimisation as he constructed a myth around the Coup d’état of 1809, why it was needed and why the new ruling system and constitution he represented was legitimate. This was also connected to the concept of citizens and freedom, where Charles acknowledges and recognises that citizens have the authority to decide the nation’s future freely, and to uphold the freedom that belonged to their ancestors. Charles's role as king was to protect the nation's independence and the authority and freedom of its citizens. Charles presented contrasting images for the two successors, with Charles August not needing or having much legitimisation due to his early demise and lack of action being legitimised as a promise for a better future. For Charles John, his legitimisation comes in two forms: he would continue the example of a constitutional monarch that Charles had shown and as a warrior king who, through his military actions, deserved the throne more than any before him. The thesis concludes by showing that Charles legitimised his power as king by embracing the constitutional monarchy, expressing that he and Charles John would protect the independence and freedom of the Swedish citizens and their authority guaranteed by the constitution.

Uppsatsens centrala fokus är på stadsmässan H22, som är en “välfärdssatsning” i Helsingborgs stad. Examensarbetet avgränsas till bostadsområdet Drottninghög, för att utifrån kvalitativ metod undersöka H22s framtidsvisioner med utgångspunkt i det medborgerliga deltagandet. Syftet med undersökningen är att presentera hur dessa innovationer stärker identiteten av en stad till att bli smart, innovativ och hållbar genom satsningar. Stadsmässan framvisar stadens framtidsvisioner utifrån en presentation av ett brett utbud av möjliga smarta, innovativa och hållbara satsningar som kan tänkas förutse att en förbättrad livskvalité för Helsingborgarna blir uppnåelig. Uppsatsen utgår från frågorna“Vilka framtidsvisioner har Helsingborgs stad och Helsingborgshem utgått från i utformandet av H22?” och “Hur arbetar H22 för att uppnå de visioner som finns för Helsingborgs kommun? Vilka utmaningar och visioner ser H22 kopplat till bostadsområdet Drottninghög?” Det empiriska materialet, inhämtat från semistrukturerade intervjuer, en mobilitets enkätundersökning från Helsingborgshem och artiklar från H22, Helsingborgshem och Helsingborgs stad, analyseras utifrån Jane Jacobs teori om den urbaniserade stadsplaneringen och Richard Floridas teori om den kreativa klassen. / This essay's central focus is on the city fair H22, which is a “welfare investment” in the city of Helsingborg. The essay is limited to the Drottninghög residential area in order to examine H22's visions of the future, based on a qualitative method, focussing on citizen participation. The purpose of the survey is to present how these innovations strengthen the identity of a city to become smart, innovative and sustainable through investments. The city fair showcases the city's future visions based on presenting a wide range of possible smart, innovative and sustainable investments that can be expected to achieve an improved quality of life for the citizens of Helsingborg. The essay addresses the questions “What visions of the future have the city of Helsingborg and organization Helsingborgshem based on in the design of H22?” and “How does H22 work to achieve the visions that exist for the municipality of Helsingborg? What challenges and visions does H22 see connected to the Drottninghög residential area?” It analyses the empirical material obtained from semistructured interviews, questionnaire surveys from Helsingborgshem and historical articles from the perspectives of Jane Jacob's theory of urbanized urban planning and Richard Florida’s theory about the creative class.