Eighteenth-century London was a hotbed for instrumental arrangements, and many of these works were derived from the operas of George Frideric Handel (1685-1759). Thirty-one of his operas, in whole or in part, were arranged for recorder or flute, and there were over seventy keyboard transcriptions of the overtures to these operas. While the transcriptions of Handel overtures have been thoroughly examined, opera aria transcriptions have never received an appropriate level of study and analysis. The Ladys Banquet or The Lady’s Entertainment provides an excellent starting point. Not only does it include numerous opera aria arrangements, but its volumes were re-issued several times, suggesting a wide circulation. Its study raises a number of issues, including publication and authorship of Handel transcriptions, gendered music of the eighteenth century and analysis of opera transcriptions. The Ladys Banquet or The Lady’s Entertainment is a collection of six volumes of keyboard music published by John Walsh in the first half of the eighteenth century. The first two books were issued in 1704 and 1706 respectively, and included many undemanding pieces by fashionable composers such as Jeremiah Clarke (c.1674-1707) and Henry Purcell (1659-1695). The Third and Fourth Books followed in circa 1715 and 1716 and contain predominantly dance tunes and popular songs revised for the keyboard. When, in the early 1730s, the Fifth and Sixth Books appeared, the original four volumes were revised, and included wholly different material than the first editions. The publications of John Walsh are notoriously confusing owing to their lack of publication dates, repeated use of title pages, and misleading advertisements. The Ladys Banquet, as a whole, is especially bewildering because of the reissues of the collection and the changing repertoire. My research focuses on the Fifth Book of The Ladys Banquet, first printed around 1734, due to its abundance of opera aria transcriptions and consistency of content within editions. This document compiles relevant background information and offers a lucid guide to The Ladys Banquet. It provides historical context, examination and discussion of the contents of each volume, with specific details about the music in the Fifth Book, as well as analysis of the Handel aria transcriptions.

Eighteenth-century London was a hotbed for instrumental arrangements, and many of these works were derived from the operas of George Frideric Handel (1685-1759). Thirty-one of his operas, in whole or in part, were arranged for recorder or flute, and there were over seventy keyboard transcriptions of the overtures to these operas. While the transcriptions of Handel overtures have been thoroughly examined, opera aria transcriptions have never received an appropriate level of study and analysis. The Ladys Banquet or The Lady’s Entertainment provides an excellent starting point. Not only does it include numerous opera aria arrangements, but its volumes were re-issued several times, suggesting a wide circulation. Its study raises a number of issues, including publication and authorship of Handel transcriptions, gendered music of the eighteenth century and analysis of opera transcriptions. The Ladys Banquet or The Lady’s Entertainment is a collection of six volumes of keyboard music published by John Walsh in the first half of the eighteenth century. The first two books were issued in 1704 and 1706 respectively, and included many undemanding pieces by fashionable composers such as Jeremiah Clarke (c.1674-1707) and Henry Purcell (1659-1695). The Third and Fourth Books followed in circa 1715 and 1716 and contain predominantly dance tunes and popular songs revised for the keyboard. When, in the early 1730s, the Fifth and Sixth Books appeared, the original four volumes were revised, and included wholly different material than the first editions. The publications of John Walsh are notoriously confusing owing to their lack of publication dates, repeated use of title pages, and misleading advertisements. The Ladys Banquet, as a whole, is especially bewildering because of the reissues of the collection and the changing repertoire. My research focuses on the Fifth Book of The Ladys Banquet, first printed around 1734, due to its abundance of opera aria transcriptions and consistency of content within editions. This document compiles relevant background information and offers a lucid guide to The Ladys Banquet. It provides historical context, examination and discussion of the contents of each volume, with specific details about the music in the Fifth Book, as well as analysis of the Handel aria transcriptions.

We chose to write this essay about mobile commerce and what influences a consumer's buying habits within mobile commerce. We also look at how a company can implement mobile commerce. We could not find any studies that directly addressed factors that affected consumers of mobile commerce prior to this essay. This was one of the reasons that we chose to write about it. In the introductory chapter, we will discuss important issues relating to ecommerce and the use of smartphones as a tool for marketing and trade. In the methodology chapter, we explain our choice of methods for this essay. We reported on the techniques and methods to collect data that were relevant to this work and then we had a discussion about the methodological choices made. The methodology chapter ended with a presentation of our criticism about the choice of methods. In the theory chapter we describe the relevant theories on our subject. We describe some factors that could influence a consumer's purchasing behaviour, and other theories about how companies can implement mobile commerce. We then describe the material collected through surveys and interviews we conducted. This data formed the basis for the synthesis, analysis and conclusions, which we reported in the essay. In the analysis we combine theory and empirical data and then interpret the data we have collected. In the conclusion we responded to the questions we asked and gave advice to companies that are interested in introducing mobile commerce.

<h2><strong>Abstract</strong></h2><p><strong>Key words</strong>:E-commerce, women, online purchasing behavior, online shopping, Internet shopping</p><p><strong>Purpose</strong>: The purpose of this thesis is to map out the present behavior of women between 40-55 years concerning Internet shopping. Fur-thermore, the research aims at finding and analyzing factors that might help marketers when persuading the target group to increase their usage of Internet as a purchasing channel for home textile and decorations.</p><p><strong>Background</strong>: Along with the increasing usage of computers, E-commerce has emerged as a sales channel, and grows rapidly in Sweden. Due to the high growth rate many companies start up web sites for E-commerce. Hemtex AB followed this trend and started their web shop in October 2008 (S. Lindström, personal communication, 2008-10-30). Studies have shown younger consumers to be more frequent online shoppers than older consumers (HUI, 2006) and men to make more online purchases than women (Belanger et al, 2002). This might imply some difficulties for Hemtex concerning their start up of a web shop, since their main target group conists of women in the age 40-55 years. This demographic group is however large and has a high purchasing power (SCB, 2008), which mean it is a profitable group to target for marketers in various industries. One major difficulty with online shopping is the inability to touch the product before purchasing it, which can be a difficulty to overcome when selling textiles on the Internet (Forsythe & Shi, 2003). There-fore it is interesting to conduct research of the online purchasing behavior and habits of women age 40-55 years concerning the home textile industry.</p><p><strong>Method</strong>: The purpose of this thesis was achieved by using customers of Hemtex AB as a critical case to take part in a survey as well as in a focus group. Two models concerning consumers‟ intention to make purchases in an online environment were used to analyse the out-come of the survey and the focus group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The thesis determined computer experience and age of women to have an impact on whether they make online purchases or not. The largest obstacle for online shopping was payment discomfort and the largest benefit of shopping online was the conveniece factor. Several factors that could increase the probability for women of making online purchases age 40-55 was discovered, and specific rec-ommendations for marketers which target women in this age group were developed. Furthermore, one of the models concerning con-sumers‟ intention to make purchases‟ in an online environment was modified to focus the intentions of women to shop online.</p> / <h2>Sammanfattning</h2><p><strong>Sökord</strong>: E-handel, kvinnor, Internet köpbeteende, Internet handel</p><p><strong>Syfte</strong>: Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att kartlägga det nuvarande köpbe-teendet bland kvinnor i åldern 40-55 år beträffande Internet shop-ping. Vidare ämnar forskningen att hitta och analysera faktorer som kan hjälpa marknadsförare att få målgruppen att öka sitt användan-de av Internet som ett medium för att handla hemtextilier och in-redning.</p><p><strong>Bakgrund</strong>: Samtidigt som användandet av datorer ökar så har E-handeln ut-vecklats som säljkanal och ökar snabbt i Sverige. På grund av den höga tillväxten väljer många företag att starta webbsidor för E-handel. Hemtex AB har följt trenden och startade sin Webbutik i Oktober 2008 (S. Lindström, personlig kommunikation, 2008-10-30). Studier har visat att yngre konsumenter tenderar att handla mer på Internet än äldre konsumenter (HUI, 2006) och att män handlar mer än kvinnor (Belanger et al, 2002). Detta skulle kunna innebära svårigheter för Hemtex när de startar upp en Webbutik eftersom deras huvudmålgrupp består av kvinnor i åldern 40-55 år. Denna demografiska grupp är stor och har stark köpkraft (SCB, 2008), vil-ket betyder att det är en lönsam grupp att rikta sig mot för mark-nadsförare i olika branscher. En stor svårighet med E-handel är att man inte kan undersöka varan före köp, detta kan vara en svårighet att överkomma när man ska sälja särskilt textiler över Internet (For-sythe & Shi, 2003). Därför är det intressant att forska i köpbeteen-det på Internet bland kvinnor i åldern 40-55 år beträffande hemtex-tilbranschen.</p><p><strong>Metod</strong>: Syftet med uppsatsen uppfylldes genom att ett urval av Hemtex kunder fick delta i en enkätundersökning samt i en fokusgrupp. Två modeller om konsumenters avsikt att göra köp i på Internet använ-des för att analysera resultatet av enkäten och fokusgruppen.</p><p><strong>Slutsats</strong>: Uppsatsens resultat var att datavana och ålder hade en effekt på om kvinnorna genomförde ett köp på internet eller inte. Det största hindret för köp på Internet var osäkerhet kring betalning och den största fördelen med Internet köp var bekvämlighet. Flera faktorer som kunde öka sannolikheten för kvinnor i åldern 40-55 att göra In-ternet köp var identifierade, och specifika rekommendationer fast-ställdes för marknadsförare som riktar sig till den här åldersgruppen. Vidare utvecklades en av de teoretiska modellerna om 'konsumenters avsikt att göra köp i en Internet miljö' för att fokusera på kvinnors avsikter att handla på Internet.</p><p> </p>

This paper reports a study on the usability of e-commerce accessed through smartphones. There is much research in the usability of mobile interfaces and many sets of design patterns have been created but a few studies are available for specific domains, and in this report we focus on mobile e-commerce. In this study a framework is developed for how to design mobile e-commerce interfaces with a high degree of usability. Furthermore, the study also contributes a method to how other specific domain can develop a framework with general standards to work from when creating a web interface. By examining two sets of design principles and 14 design patterns, we evaluate which ones are critical in the design of a mobile e-commerce interface for achieving a high degree of usability. We have done this by applying the survey in two e-commerce sites with different design approaches to examine how they relate to the selected design patterns and design principles. The survey is conducted in three phases through an online survey, a content analysis and an observational study to investigate the interface usability based on theoretical- and practical perspectives. The study shows that in order to create a good usability of e-commerce sites accessed through smartphones, the user want to recognize themselves in how the content is presented and communicated, as well as the interface should obtain certain key functions.

Produktkategorin kläder har gått från att vara den minst adopterade kategorin inom e-handeln till att idag befinna sig på listan över “topp e-handlade varor”. Fler människor har börjat konsumera genom mobiltelefonen, vilket bedöms vara en av de viktigaste orsakerna till att e- handeln fortsätter att ta marknadsandelar. Med utgångspunkt i nämnda utvecklingen, utgör syftet med uppsatsen att undersöka tre externa variablers påverkan vid mobil handel av kläder – visualisering, betalningsmöjligheter och storleksguide. En analysmodell har utvecklats med TAM-modellen som grund, där teoretiska begrepp operationaliseras till attitydpåståenden som testas i en enkätundersökning med 76 respondenter. Resultatet visar att de flesta respondenter anser mobilapplikationer för kläder som användbara, med undantag för att många anser att det inte går snabbare att uppfylla shoppingbehov via m-handel. Vidare visar resultaten att de flesta respondenter anser mobilapplikationer för kläder som användarvänliga med undantag för att många anser det vara enklare att jämföra alternativ i fysisk butik. Visualisering, storleksguide och antal betalningsalternativ anses påverka användbarheten och användarvänligheten i hög grad. Överlag är respondenternas attityd till m-handel av kläder positiv och så även intentionen att handla kläder via m-handeln i framtiden. Slutligen visar undersökningen att mobilen används främst vid informationssökning och jämförelse av alternativ och i mindre utsträckning vid faktiskt köp av kläder.

Den snabba tekniska utvecklingen som har skett under de senaste två årtionden har lett till nya innovativa möjligheter för dagens konsumenter. Idag är inköpen inte längre begränsad till öppettider eller till besök i fysiska butiker och en stor del av kläderna som konsumeras köps via E-handelsföretag. Inköpen, som idag sker genom datorer, surfplattor och smartphones, är globala och statistiken visar att E-handel fortsätter att öka och den tekniska utvecklingen fortskrider. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om ålder påverkar konsumenter attityd och benägenhet att handla kläder via E-handeln respektive i fysisk butik. Vi fokuserar på tre möjliga barriärer som vi valt att fördjupa oss i, trygghet, service och användarvänlighet. Resultatet visar ett signifikantsamband mellan konsumenters ålder och deras attityd mot och benägenhet att delta i E-handeln. Vår undersökning bekräftar att vår äldre målgrupp generellt har en mer negativ attityd mot E-handeln jämfört med vår yngre målgrupp. Vidare påvisar vårt resultat att det råder skillnader mellan våra två generationsgruppers syn på service, trygghet och användarvänlighet när det kommer till klädköp via E-handel. Ytterligare ämnar vår studie att bidra till en djupare förståelse av den pågående förändringen av konsumentbeteende som sker till följd av den tekniska utvecklingen och hur olika kundsegment anpassar sig till detta. / The rapid technological development that has taken place over the past two decades has led to new innovative opportunities for today's consumers. Purchases are no longer limited to opening hours or visits to physical stores and a large part of clothing is being purchased through e-commerce companies. The purchases, that are being made through computers, tablets and smartphones, are global and statistics shows that e-commerce will continues to grow as well as the technological progress will continue to develop. The purpose for this study is to investigate whether age affects consumers' attitude and willingness to shop clothes through E-commerce. Our study will be delimited to three selected barriers to E-commerce which are: safety, service and user-friendliness. Our results shows a significant correlation between consumer age and their attitude towards E-commerce. Our survey confirms that our older target group generally has a more negative attitude towards E-commerce compared to our younger target group. Furthermore, our results shows that there are differences between our target groups views on service, safety and user-friendliness when it comes to purchasing clothes through E-commerce. Additionally, our study intends to contribute to a deeper understanding of the ongoing change in consumer behavior that occurs as a result of digitalisation and how the various customer segments adapts.

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Ur tanken att det måste vara svårt för butiker att överleva och konkurrera med en rådande pandemi samt konkurrerande e-handel växte idén till grund för denna studie. Syftet med studien är att förklara hur ett antal små verksamheter inom handel har innoverat och digitaliserat delar av alternativt hela deras affärsmodell och bedriver digifysisk handel. Således var frågeställningen: “Hur kan en verksamhet innovera sin affärsmodell med digitala medel?”. Frågeställningen besvaras genom att analysera praktikfall där fyra olika verksamheter studerades. Med relevant teori utformades ett eget ramverk till grund för analys av affärsmodellen och förändringarna inom.  Studien visar att verksamheterna inte kämpar så hårt som inledande trott utan att det snarare går bättre för många av de mindre butikerna. Samtliga verksamheter har ställt om sin affär till en digifysisk, främst till följd av efterfrågan från kunden. Samtliga företag har eller planerar att ha en webbsida som verkar som en webbshop där det finns funktioner som click and collect, leverans och i något fall, drive through. Samtliga använder också sociala medier för att möta kunden där vissa var på mer innovativa vis. Dock visar resultatet också att det inte drar in en stor summa pengar, utan snarare verkar som ett komplement till affärsmodellen. / The purpose of this study is to explain how four small businesses in retail have innovated and digitized parts of or the whole business model and are conducting phygital stores. Therefore the research question is as follows: “How can a business innovate its business model using digital means?”. The research question was answered through conducting and analyzing case studies. With relevant theories a framework was developed to describe the business model and the digital changes within.  The study presents that the stores are not struggling as initially thought and all businesses have transformed their store into a phygital one, mainly because of customer demand. They have received positive feedback from their customers, which implies that it is worthwhile. Thus it does not bring in a lot of money, it rather operates as a complement to the business than a crucial part. All of the businesses have or are planning to implement a webshop with services such as click and collect, delivery and in one case, drive through. All of them are using social media to connect with their customers.

Although long-neglected, the topic of Handel's operatic oeuvre has in recent years gained new currency. Of interest to oboists is the great amount of soloistic writing for the oboe in the arias of his operas which takes the form of obbligato solos. From this body of works approximately twenty operas contain soloistic writing for the oboe in conjunction with the voice. The rationale for the investigation of this topic is two-fold: first, to make oboists aware of the availability of this body of literature, and second, to explore the manner and extent to which Handel used the oboe as an obbligato instrument. Topics covered include the instrumental make-up of Handel's orchestra and a brief history of the obbligato aria beginning with the early trumpet arias. An examination of Handel's compositional technique precedes a detailed analysis of six examples of varying style. The conclusion considers the aesthetics of performing these pieces out of context in light of historical practice and perception.