The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between elementary school students¡¦ emotional experiences and their perception of teachers¡¦ power styles in classroom . In this study, 707 sixth-grade students in the great metropolitan Kaohsiung area were surveyed. The instruments employed in this study included Emotional Experiences Inventory for the Primary Students, and Teacher Power Styles Inventory. The statistical methods used for the data analysis were Descriptive Statistics, Analysis of Variance, Canonical Correlation, and Stepwise Multiple Regression. The main findings of this study were following¡G 1.The power style most frequently employed by teachers was the normative power style. On the other hand, the coercive power style was seldom employed by teachers nor was the remunerative power style. Many students had emotional experience of joy. A few students had emotional experiences of sadness and fear. 2.More girls had joy emotional experience than boys did. There were no significant differences between girls and boys for sadness and fear emotional experiences. 3.For each emotional experience, there were no significant differences among various birth orders, among family structures, or among socioeconomic states. 4.More male teachers employed the coercive power style than female teachers did. While more female teachers employed the remunerative power style and normative power style than male teachers did. 5.There were significant differences in the employment of remunerative power style among different years of teaching experience. However, there were no significant differences among the years of teaching experience for the employment of coercive power style, nor for normative power style. 6.There were no significant differences in the employment of power styles among different levels of teacher education. 7.There was a statistically significant interaction between students¡¦ birth order and sex for emotional experience of joy. 8.There was no significant interaction between students¡¦ sex and family structure for emotional experience. Also there was no significant interaction between students¡¦ sex and socioeconomic states. 9.There was a significant interaction between teachers¡¦ sex and the years of teaching experience for the employment of coercive power style. There was no significant interaction between teachers¡¦ sex and the years of teaching experience for the employment of remunerative power style, or for the normative power style. 10.There was a significant interaction between teachers¡¦ sex and education for the employment of coercive power style, and for the employment of remunerative power style. However, there was no significant interaction between teachers¡¦ sex and education for the employment of normative power style. 11.There was a significant correlation between teachers¡¦ employment of normative power style and students¡¦ emotional experience of joy. 12.Teachers¡¦ employment of normative power style had a great influence on students¡¦ emotional experience of sadness. 13.Teachers¡¦ employment of normative power style had a great influence on students¡¦ emotional experience of joy. 14.Teachers¡¦ employment of coercive power style had a great influence on students¡¦ emotional experience of fear. Finally, the researcher made several suggestions to the educational organizations, the primary school teachers, and the future studies.

Love has been one of the most important issues in human life for all time. It means strong emotional and physical connections and lets people indulge themselves in its joy, depression, anticipation, and striving. Among popular music nowadays, there are always descriptions about love in most of songs, which called ¡§Love Songs¡¨. The goal of this study is to observe how the users interpret the gendered implications in love songs when they are listening to them. Furthermore, this study tries to find out the relation between users¡¦ interpretations of love songs and their love experiences and imaginations. Adopting the method of in-depth interviewing, this study interviewed 11 college students and collected related information. Through analyzing the interpretation toward specific love song lyrics of these interviewees and their explanations about their own love experiences and imaginations, this study finds that users will think about the gendered implications in the specific love song lyrics they chose when they are engaging in love song decoding. At the same time, they show their understanding toward the mainstream gender discourse. With the comparisons between users¡¦ decoding and mainstream gender discourse, this study categorizes the decoding of love songs of users into three positions: preferred, negotiated, and oppositional/ critical. Meanwhile, users will connect their love experiences and imagination about love relationship to the characters and plots in love songs, expressing their attitudes to the characters, including of identification, denial, projection, and question. Besides, study finds that there is a two-way interactive relationship between users; love songs decoding and their love experiences and imaginations. That is, not only users¡¦ love experiences and imaginations would influence their interpretations of love songs, users¡¦ interpretations of love songs would also influence their imaginations and anticipations toward love

No description available.

<p> </p><p>Like adult obesity, childhood obesity prevalence is rising, especially in the Western World.</p><p>As many as 20 – 25 percent of the ten years old children are overweight in Sweden. It is</p><p>important to early identify overweight, since overweight could lead into diabetes, mental</p><p>suffering, hypertension and cardiovascular disease.</p><p>The aim of this study was to describe how nurses experience and perceive the conversation</p><p>with parents of overweight children. A qualitative method with a content analysis has been</p><p>used. Six nurses working in child health centre have been interviewed.</p><p>The result shows that the conversation between the nurse and the parents of an overweight</p><p>child can be very difficult. The nurse has to bring up the subject very carefully. It might</p><p>happen that the parent will react with anger. The nurses expressed a need for more time</p><p>allocated for taking care of this issue more satisfying. She also is looking for more education</p><p>according to conversation methods. Finally, parents carry most of the responsibility for their</p><p>children. They are the best placed to change the situation. The nurse´s important work is to</p><p>support parents and help them identify the problems and thus find the solutions that suit the</p><p>individual family.</p><p> </p> / <p>Övervikt och fetma är ett växande problem hos vuxna och barn, speciellt i västvärlden. I</p><p>Sverige är 20 - 25 % av alla tioåringar överviktiga. Det är av största vikt att tidigt identifiera</p><p>övervikt. Detta eftersom övervikt kan leda till diabetes, psykiska problem, hypertoni och</p><p>hjärt- kärl sjukdomar.</p><p>Syftet med studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av att samtala med föräldrar</p><p>till överviktiga barn. En kvalitativ metod med innehållsanalys har använts. Sex stycken</p><p>barnsjuksköterskor/ distriktssköterskor verksamma inom barnhälsovården har intervjuats.</p><p>Resultatet visar att barnsjuksköterskans/ distriktssköterskans samtal med föräldrar till</p><p>överviktiga barn inte alltid är helt problemfria. Hon måste vara försiktig då hon för ämnet på</p><p>tal. Det händer att föräldrar reagerar med ilska. Barnsjuksköterskan/ distriktssköterskan</p><p>behöver mer tid för att samtala med föräldern på ett mer tillfredsställande sätt.</p><p>Barnsjuksköterskan/ distriktssköterskan efterfrågar också utbildning i samtalsteknik. Föräldrar</p><p>är ansvariga för sina barns hälsa. Det är de som bäst lämpar sig till att förändra situationen för</p><p>sina barn. Barnsjuksköterskan/ distriktssköterskans viktiga arbete består i att stötta föräldern</p><p>och hjälpa denne att identifiera problemet och därmed hitta de lösningar som passar den</p><p>enskilda familjen.</p>

<p>Tidigare studier har fokuserat på barn och deras familjers upplevelser i samband med en hematologisk malignitet, framförallt leukemi. Hematologiska maligniteter är ett samlingsnamn för leukemi och några andra blodsjukdomar. Prevalensen för sjukdomarna ökar och främst vuxna drabbas. Syftet med studien var att beskriva patienters upplevelser av att leva med en hematologisk malignitet. Metoden för denna litteraturöversikt var kvalitativ. Fem artiklar och två avhandlingar analyserades. Studiens resultat utvecklades till fyra huvudteman:</p><p>att få en sjukdom, att genomgå behandling, upplevelse av vårdmöten och att skakas om i sin livsvärld. Resultatet visar att sjukdomen upplevs som ett osynligt hot och att det ibland förekommer ett vårdlidande som beror på bristfälligt engagemang för människan bakom den sjuka kroppen. Att genomgå en svår tid med lidandets olika aspekter, förändrade oftast människors syn på sig själva och sina medmänniskor. Relationer fördjupades. Förbättringar i omvårdnadsarbetet kan göras genom ökad fokus på patienters känslomässiga lidande då studien visar att denna aspekt ibland förbises och detta resulterar i en objektifiering av patienter.</p> / <p>Previous studies have focused on children and their families' experiences in connection with a haematological malignancy, especially leukemia. Hematolocical malignancies is a collective name for leukemia and other blood diseases. The prevalence of diseases is increasing and affects mainly adults. The purpose of this study is to describe patients' experiences of living with a haematological malignancy. The methodology for this literature review was qualitative. Five articles and two dissertations were analyzed. Results of the study, developed into four main themes:</p><p>to get a disease, to undergo treatment, experience of care meetings and to shake in their life-world. The result shows that the disease is perceived as an invisible threat, and that sometimes there is a health suffering due to inadequate involvement of the person behind the disease body. To undergo a difficult time with various aspects of suffering often alters people's views of themselves and their fellow human beings and relationships deepen. Improvements in care work can be done by increasing the focus on patients' emotional distress when the study shows that this aspect is sometimes overlooked and it results in an objectification of patients.</p>

<p>Akut lymfatisk leukemi (ALL) är den vanligaste typen av leukemi bland barn. I Sverige diagnostiseras cirka 80 barn med leukemi varje år. Cancer är en sjukdom som inte enbart drabbar barnet utan hela familjen påverkas. Tidigare forskning påvisar hur sjukdomen, behandlingarna samt sjukhusvistelsen påverkar föräldrarna. Syftet med denna studie är att, med hjälp av självbiografier, belysa föräldrars upplevelser av att ha ett barn med diagnosen leukemi. Metoden som använts är en kvalitativ metod där sex självbiografier analyserats. Genom analys framträdde tre huvudteman med tio tillhörande subteman. Huvudtemana är: förlora fotfästet i tillvaron, nya tillvaron och när hoppet sviker. Resultatet visade att väntan och ovisshet ökade stressen hos föräldrarna och ledde till en känsla av hjälplöshet. Under barnets sjukdomstid slets föräldrarna mellan hopp och känslan av maktlöshet. Föräldrarna upplevde personalkontinuiteten som en viktig del under sjukhusvistelsen. Att bryta upp från en välkänd miljö och lära känna ny personal var svårt. Resultatet i studien är värdefull för sjukvårdspersonal. Genom ökad förståelse kan ett optimalt samarbete främjas mellan sjuksköterska och föräldrar. Detta leder förhoppningsvis också till ett ökat välbefinnande hos barnen.</p>

<p>Ungefär 200 personer insjuknar årligen i sjukdomen amyotrofisk lateralskleros (ALS), vilket ses som en ökning de senaste 30 åren. Att insjukna i en obotlig sjukdom bidrar till både fysiskt och psykiskt lidande. Det är viktigt att förstå patienters upplevelser av sjukdomen vilket det saknas information om. Syftet var att utifrån självbiografier, beskriva patienters upplevelser av att leva med ALS. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys beskriven av Lundman och Hällgren Graneheim gjordes. Datamaterialet bestod av sju självbiografier. Ur datamaterialet urskiljdes patienters känslor och upplevelser kring sjukdomen ALS i form av sex kategorier med tillhörande underkategorier. Kategorierna som framkom var; svårigheter kring den begynnande sjukdomen, tankar kring döden, sorg, bristande självkänsla, att känna sig utlämnad och att få insikt i sin sjukdom. Informanternas beskrev upplevelserna olika eftersom det fanns variationer av varje individs sjukdom. Att slutligen kunna se positiva stunder trots sin sjukdom var betydande. Ingen vet bättre än patienten själv hur den mest uppskattade omvårdnaden kan ges. Därför är det av vikt att lyssna på patienters upplevelser och deras egen berättelse av den upplevda sjukdomen. Erfarenheterna av sjukdomen var av olika karaktär men likheter kunde ses där många upplevelser var återkommande hos de flesta informanterna.</p> / <p>About 200 persons become ill annually with the illness amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which can be seen as an increase in the last 30 years. Falling ill in an incurable illness contributes to both physical and psychological suffering. It is important to understand the patient’s experiences of the illness and this is a field where there is little or no information available. The aim of this study was to describe the patients’ experiences of living with ALS from autobiographies. A qualitative content analysis described by Lundman and Hällgren Graneheim was performed. The data material consisted of seven autobiographies. From the data material patient’s feelings and experiences of the illness ALS was discerned in terms of six categories with associated subcategories. The categories were; difficulties of the emerging illness, thoughts about death, sadness, lack of self esteem, to feel deserted and to reach insight into their own illness. The informants described experiences differently due to individual variations of illness. To eventually be able to see positive moments despite the illness was significant. No one knows better than the patient how the most appreciated nursing care should be. Therefore it is of importance to listen to patients’ own experience of the illness. The experiences of the illness varied but similarities could be seen where many experiences were recurrent among most informants.</p>

<p>The concept of experiences may not be all that revolutionary or new, however, the notion of an economy where experiences make up the core of all businesses is. This suggestion was made by Pine and Gilmore in 1999 in their bestseller “The Experience Economy”, and since then, the concept has received a lot of positive attention. Critics of the authors’ proposal still remain few in number, and there is a lack of research re-garding experiences and consumers.</p><p>As the authors of this thesis we posed ourselves positive to the Experience Economy in general, but also a bit hesitant to the idea of companies offering experiences in all consumer contexts. Due to the lack of research regarding the demand side, we set out to explore the phenomenon of the Experience Economy from the perception of consumers. By doing so we hoped to find whether or not a foundation for Pine and Gilmore’s (1999) idea exists.</p><p>In order to explore consumers’ perceptions of the Experience Economy, we focused on what is at the core of the concept – experiences. A qualitative research approach was decided upon, and three focus group interviews were conducted. The focus groups were made up of young consumers, parents of small children, and middle aged consumers.</p><p>The empirical findings indicate that a foundation for the claim that the Experience Economy is emerging does exist, at least to the extent that no substantial barriers have been identified. However, we believe that the notion of an experience-based economy is only to be discussed if the concept is somewhat widened in its claims. That is, our summation of the consumers’ perceptions of the Experience Economy suggests that experiences need to be viewed as existing along a spectrum, ranging from a negative to a positive extreme. Rather than just being at the positive extreme, as indicated by scholars, we believe that staged experiences in the Experience Econ-omy will range from the spectrum’s neutral centre to only on rare occasions touch upon the extraordinaire.</p>

<p>It is increasingly common that Swedish companies get acquired by foreign firms. An acquisition will have more evident changes in the acquired firm. The organisational structure will be affected which implies that people in different levels of the organisation experience the changes differently. Middle managers are believed to have an exposed role in organisational changes as they are in between top management and employees. In order to reach a successful integration in the postacquisition process employee trust in management is seen as a vital part. The area of middle managers in acquisitions and how individuals experience the post-acquisition process are subjects where more research is needed.</p><p>The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the post-acquisition process in the acquired firm, focusing on how the acquisition has been experienced among middle managers and their employees.</p><p>The method chosen for thesis is qualitative and the information has been collected by using semi-standardised interviews as well as questionnaires. The study was limited to one company where seven middle managers and the human resource manager were interviewed. Also 32 employees participated in the study by answering the questionnaires.</p><p>We can conclude that the middle managers did not show resistance to changes unless it would be unfavourable for the company. We could also see indications that internally advanced middle managers can be related to an advantageous atmosphere of communicating trust. It was also concluded that middle managers are a vital link in terms of conveying information throughout the post-acquisition process.</p>

Bakgrund: Hiv/aids är en kronisk infektionssjukdom som drabbar immunförsvaret. Viruset smittar via blod, sädesvätska, slidsekret och via förlossning eller amning. Det är vanligt att hiv/aids smittade utsätts för stigmatisering. Stigmatisering innebär diskriminering och nedvärdering av redan utsatta grupper.   Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka hiv/aids smittade personers upplevelser av stigmatisering.   Metod: En litteraturstudie av kvalitativ ansats gjordes och den grundades på fem självbiografier. Innehållsanalysen var baserad på en metod gjord av Dahlborg-Lyckhage (2012).   Resultat: I resultatet fann författarna tre huvudkategorier: Hur drabbade stigmatiserar sig själva, Hur hiv/aids drabbade upplevde allmänhetens stigmatisering och Bristande förståelse från omgivningen. Det finns många olika typer av rädslor hos de som lever med hiv/aids, vilket bidrar till självstigmatisering och självvald isolering. Det framkom även att de drabbade utsätts för stigmatisering från allmänheten, t.ex. genom särbehandling, utanförskap och genom andra åtgärder som de drabbade upplevde som kränkande. Detta kunde ofta härledas till bristande förståelse för sjukdomen eller okunskap.   Slutsats: Studien visar att självstigmatisering och stigmatisering från allmänheten är vanligt förekommande. Dock krävs det vidare forskning för att kunna styrka studiens resultat och överförbarhet. / Background: HIV/AIDS is a chronic infectious disease of the immune system. The virus is transmitted through blood, semen, vaginal secretions and through childbirth or breastfeeding. It is common that persons living with HIV/AIDS are exposed to stigma. Stigma is defined as discrimination and denigration of already vulnerable groups.  Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the HIV/AIDS infected people's experiences of stigma.  Method: A literature study of qualitative approach was made and it was based on five autobiographies. The content analysis was based on a methodology made of Dahlborg-Lyckhage (2012).  Results: In the results, the authors found three main categories: How persons living with HIV/AIDS stigmatize themselves, how HIV/AIDS infected people sufferers as a result of experienced public stigma and lack of understanding from the environment. There are many different types of fears from those living with HIV/AIDS, which contributes to self-stigma and self-imposed isolation. It also emerged that the victims are subjected to stigmatization by the public, such as special treatment, exclusion and by other measures that the victims experienced as insulting. This could often be traced to a lack of understanding of the disease or ignorance.  Conclusion: The study shows that self-stigma and stigma from the public is common. However, it requires further research to justify the study's results and transferability.