This study discusses the professionalisation of higher education management and emerging patterns of decision making within a context of academic and organisational change. A total of thirty interviews were conducted across six Universities, with five similar roles interviewed in each institution. Respondents were drawn from both centralised and decentralised parts of the organisation, and represented both academic and professional services perspectives. Three ideas are proposed. The first is an emerging New Collegiality in which decision making behaviour is developing that reflects traditional collegial debate, but within new peer groups of academic and professional services managers. Academic managers are also using New Collegiality to share good management practice, with new organisational combinations offering new forms of collaborative working within and across subject disciplines. A second theme proposes that a Higher Education Professional Services Framework exists, which has situationally contingent characteristics that are unique to the professional services in higher education. These features combine decision making and management behaviours to operate as a singular body positioned throughout the organisation in context specific ways. Finally, a third concept identifies three linked levers of management used by the centre to address tensions of internal demands for decentralisation against the external pressures to centralise. These linked levers consist of the creation of an intermediate tier such as a faculty or college, a proactive use of management information as an evidential tool for decision making, and a particular use of the Higher Education Professional Services Framework. The findings suggest that Universities are ostensibly decentralising their organisational structures while simultaneously centralising decision making authority through changes in accountability. These trends raise a number of relevant issues to the professionalisation of higher education. .

The diploma thesis deals with the director's function in pre-primary education. The aim of the diplom thesis is to analyze and evaluate processes and management in the concept of preschool education, emphasizing the role of the headmaster of the kindergarten as the governing body responsible for the quality of educational processes. The preschool headmaster works closely with other pedagogical staff and deputy directors whose functions are also mentioned, here. The pedagogical staff are indispensable in the educational process of the school. The concept of pre-primary education is characterized in the theoretical part by its legislation. It focuses on the work activities of pedagogical staff - teachers, deputy director and director. It introduces the functions of the kindergarten, represents individual activities in kindergarten mode and mentions the obligatory documentation, which is necessary for the functioning of preschool organization. It explains the management within the studied field and describes the individual management processes and functions. The practical part is based primarily on the questionnaire survey and secondly on the conducted interviews with the directors of the public kindergartens in Prague 4. The results of the questionnaires analyze the defined areas within the framework...

This dissertation is about the in/stability over time of a contract-based inter-organizational relationship (IOR) which existed mostly under conditions of government monopsony (MG). The MG consisted of the institutional arrangements between the NHS and Higher Education sectors in England for the provision of education for the NHS non-medical professional workforce. The IOR was between the NHS education buyer (the ‘GM’) and Middlesex University (MU). An agent-centred historical institutionalism was used as the overall approach in the inquiry. The main components of the approach were resource dependence theory, concepts of historical dependence, and events in the IOR and its institutional and organizational environments. A multi-dimensional concept of IOR in/stability from the standpoints of the GM and MU which was grounded in the practices of the IOR was constructed. The inquiry traced the origins and subsequent development of the MG and the in/stability of the IOR over an 18 year period, 1995 - 2013. The main findings of the inquiry were: (1) The IOR originated in, and continued to exist mostly under conditions of MG (2) The IOR became less stable over time from the standpoint of MU; reductions in IOR stability occurred in dimensions of risk relating to the future performance of the IOR (3) Instability and threatened instability in the IOR were brought about mostly by the exercise of power by the GM and by the power dependence responses of MU. The thesis developed in the dissertation is that instability and threatened instability in the IOR were due mostly to a power imbalance in the IOR, in favour of the GM, between the GM and MU. The source of that power imbalance was a combination of: • The resource dependency of MU on the IOR • The conditions of MG and bilateral monopoly under which the IOR existed. The dissertation is concluded with a critique of MG as a technique for public sector management. Recommendations are made for new NHS-HE inter-sector and IOR arrangements to be established which take account of power imbalances and relations of mutual dependence between stakeholders. Recommendations for further research are also made.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-05-04T13:35:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gilberto Zimmermann Costa_.pdf: 887212 bytes, checksum: c506a288f6591a24d99ab4559ea80d8a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-04T13:35:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gilberto Zimmermann Costa_.pdf: 887212 bytes, checksum: c506a288f6591a24d99ab4559ea80d8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-18 / Nenhuma / Esta pesquisa tem como tema central planejamento estratégico na gestão educacional, e busca aprofundar essa temática na educação básica, no contexto de uma escola confessional da rede privada. Procurei ampliar a reflexão sobre essa ferramenta de gestão que vem sendo utilizada nas instituições educacionais públicas e privadas. Nesse estudo, busquei analisar como o colégio Marista Ipanema vem desdobrando o Planejamento Estratégico, tendo como referência o modelo de gestão da Rede de Colégios da Província Marista do Rio Grande do Sul. Para isso, descrevi o modelo de gestão do planejamento estratégico da rede de Colégios da Província Marista do Rio Grande do Sul e o processo de construção e desdobramento do planejamento estratégico do Colégio Marista Ipanema, procurando compreender o nível de participação dos sujeitos nos diferentes segmentos do referido colégio. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa desenvolveu-se através de uma abordagem qualitativa; a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de documentos e entrevistas semiestruturados e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Foram entrevistados sujeitos que representam os diferentes segmentos do colégio: o diretor geral, o vice-diretor administrativo, a vice-diretora educacional, um funcionário, um professor da Educação Infantil, um professor do Ensino Fundamental e um professor do Ensino Médio. O referencial teórico utilizado nesta pesquisa está ancorado nos autores: Braga e Monteiro (2005); Fritsch (1996); Kaplan e Norton (1997; 2001; 2008) Lück (2010; 2011); Mintzberg et al. (2006); Mintzberg; Ahlstrand; Lampel (2010); Murad (2012); Oliveira (2014); Porter (2009); Preedy et al. (2006) e outros. O desenvolvimento dessa análise possibilitou trazer alguns elementos a serem observados pelos gestores, salientando a importância das lideranças possuírem uma visão estratégica que nasce do pensamento estratégico imprescindível ao gestor educacional da contemporaneidade, pois gerir uma estratégia torna-se mais difícil do que construí-la. / The focus of this research is on strategic planning in educational management, and seeks to deepen this theme in basic education in the context of a confessional private school. I tried to extend the reflection on this management tool that has been used in public and private educational institutions. This study aimed to analyze how the Marist School Ipanema is unfolding strategic planning, using as reference the management model of Schools Network of Marist Province of Rio Grande do Sul. Then, I described the model of management of strategic planning from Schools Network of Marist Province of Rio Grande do Sul and the process of framing and deployment of strategic planning of Marist School Ipanema trying to understand the level of participation of the subjects in the different segments of that school. Methodologically, the research is developed through a qualitative approach. The data collection was carried out through documents and semi-structured interviews and submitted to content analysis. The subjects were interviewed representing different segments of the school: the principal, administrative and educational vice principal, an employee, a teacher of kindergarten, a teacher of elementary school and one high school teacher. The theoretical framework used in this study is anchored in the authors: Braga and Monteiro (2005); Fritsch (1996); Kaplan and Norton (1997; 2001; 2008) Lück (2010; 2011); Mintzberg et al. (2006); Mintzberg; Ahlstrand; Lampel (2010); Murad (2012); Oliveira (2014); Porter (2009); Preedy et al. (2006) and others. The development of this analysis made it possible to bring some elements to be followed by managers, underlining the importance of leaders has a strategic vision, which is of strategic thinking essential to the educational manager of contemporaneity, because managing a strategy becomes more difficult than building it.

Hochschulen stehen zunehmend vor einem Legitimationsproblem bezüglich ihres Umgangs mit (öffentlich bereit gestellten) Ressourcen. Die Kritik bezieht sich hauptsächlich auf den Leistungsbereich der Lehre. Diese sei ineffektiv organisiert und trage durch schlechte Studienbedingungen – die ihrerseits von den Hochschulen selbst zu verantworten seien – zu langen Studienzeiten und hohen Abbruchquoten bei. Es wird konstatiert, dass mit der Lebenszeit der Studierenden verantwortungslos umgegangen und der gesellschaftliche Ausbildungsauftrag sowohl von der Hochschule im Ganzen, als auch von einzelnen Lehrenden nicht angemessen wahrgenommen werde. Um die gleichzeitig steigende Nachfrage nach akademischen Bildungsangeboten befriedigen zu können, vollziehen Hochschulen einen Wandel zu Dienstleistungsunternehmen, deren Leistungsfähigkeit sich an der Effizienz ihrer Angebote bemisst. Ein solches Leitbild ist von den Steuerungsgrundsätzen des New Public Management inspiriert. In diesem zieht sich der Staat aus der traditionell engen Verbindung zu den Hochschulen zurück und gewährt diesen lokale Autonomie, bspw. durch die Einführung globaler Haushalte zu ihrer finanziellen Selbststeuerung. Die Hochschulen werden zu Marktakteuren, die sich in der Konkurrenz um Kunden gegen ihre Wettbewerber durchsetzen, indem sie Qualität und Exzellenz unter Beweis stellen. Für die Durchführung von diesbezüglichen Leistungsvergleichen werden unterschiedliche Verfahren der Evaluation eingesetzt. In diese sind landläufig sowohl Daten der Hochschulstatistik, bspw. in Form von Absolventenquoten, als auch zunehmend Befragungsdaten, meist von Studierenden, zur Erhebung ihrer Qualitätseinschätzungen zu Lehre und Studium involviert. Insbesondere letzteren wird vielfach entgegen gehalten, dass sie nicht geeignet seien, die Qualität der Lehre adäquat abzubilden. Vielmehr seien sie durch subjektive Verzerrungen in ihrer Aussagefähigkeit eingeschränkt. Eine Beurteilung, die auf studentischen Befragungsdaten aufsetzt, müsse entsprechend zu Fehleinschätzungen und daraus folgend ungerechten Leistungssanktionen kommen. Im Sinne der Akzeptanz von Verfahren der Evaluation als Instrument hochschulinterner Qualitätssicherungs- und –entwicklungsprozesse ist daher zu untersuchen, inwieweit Beeinträchtigungen der Validität von für die Hochschulsteuerung eingesetzten Datenbasen deren Aussagekraft vermindern. Ausgehend von den entsprechenden Ergebnissen sind Entwicklungen der Verfahren möglich. Diese Frage steht im Zentrum der vorliegenden Arbeit. / Universities encounter public debate on the effectivenes of their handling of public funds. Criticism mainly refers to higher education which is regarded as ineffectively organised and -due to bad learning conditions- contributing to excessively long study times and student drop out. An irresponsible handling of students' life time is detected and it is stated that universities as institutions and individual teachers do not adquately meet society's demands regarding higher education quality. In order to respond to the raising request of higher education services, universities are modified to service-oriented "enterprises" which are competing with other institutions for "customers" by providing the publicly requested evidence of quality and excellencec of their educational services. For the implementation of respective quality comparisons, different procesures of educational evaluation are being established. Higher education statistics (students/graduates ratios) and -increasingly- students' surveys, inquiring their quality appraisals of higher education teaching are involved in these procedures. Particularly the latter encounter controverse debate on their suitability to display the quality of teaching and training adequately. Limitations of their informational value is regarded to stem from subjective distortions of the collected data. Quality assessments and respective sanctions thus are deemed by those who are evaluated to potentially result in misjudgments. In order to establish evaluation procedures as an accepted instrument of internal quality assurance and quality development, data quality and the validity concerns need to be inquired carefully. Based on respective research results, further developments and improvements of the evaluation procedures can be achieved.

Die Tatigkeit die Leiter der Bildungsanstalten im Anerziehung der aktiven Unterrichtsmetoden.

The permanent and intensive changes taking place nowadays in societal, social, economical, organizational and even private lives shift a great responsibility on a comprehensive school that has to create equal opportunities for every learner to acquire education and abilities to adapt in a constantly changing environment. The implemented educational reforms constituted a significant progress of the educational system of the Republic of Lithuania, however, the increasing number of learners that do not acquire qualitative comprehensive education are not able to compete in society and face social exclusion. The following are thought to be the most urgent educational problems in European Union and Lithuania: qualitative education, education for all, as drop-out of every child from a formal education system is a great loss for a state in terms of demography, morality, economy, culture and etc. With consideration to all the mentioned above, the following research problem has been formulated – what are the possibilities of a basic school in decreasing the drop-out of the school children. The object of the research - the possibilities of a basic school in decreasing the drop-out of the school children. The aim of the research is to analyse the possibilities of a basic school in decreasing the drop-out of the school children. The following objectives assist in revealing the aim of the research: 1) Carry out the theoretical analysis of school children drop-out from school by... [to full text]

Darbe atlikta teorinė bendrojo lavinimo mokyklų veikla pokyčių sąlygomis analizė. Supažindinama su pokyčių realizavimo kliūtimis ir kaip mažinamas pasipriešinimas pokyčiams. Iškelta hipotezė : tikėtina, jog vadovų pastangas mažinti pasipriešinimą bendrojo lavinimo mokyklose lemia mokytojų asmeninės savybės, pasitvirtino. Norimi pokyčiai mokykloje bus intensyviai diegiami, sėkmingai valdomi ir duos rezultatą, jei patys jų veikėjai – mokytojai norės keistis ir pritars kaitos kryptims. Jei daugelis mokytojų sutiktų su būtinybe keistis ir manytų, kad vykdomi pokyčiai yra reikšmingi, tada vadovai sulauktų mažesnio pasipriešinimo vykdydami pokyčius mokykloje ir jų rezultatas būtų artimas laukiamam. Tyrime dalyvavo 100 vadovų iš įvairių Lietuvos bendrojo lavinimo mokyklų (darželiai, pradinės mokyklos, vidurinės mokyklos ir gimnazijos). Tyrimas vyko 2008 – 2009 metais. Svarbiausios tyrimo išvados : 1. Mokytojai edukaciniams pokyčiams šiandieninėje mokykloje dažniausiai priešinasi dėl pačių mokytojų asmeninių savybių. Vadovai įvardija mokytojų neapibrėžtumo grėsmę, baimę rizikuoti, per siaurą požiūrį į problemą, negebėjimą identifikuoti problemos, nepasirengimą numatomiems pokyčiams, jų kompetencijos trūkumą, mokytojų konservatyvumą. 2. Vadovai supranta, kad sėkmingas pokyčių vadovas taip pat turi teikti kuo daugiau informacijos apie galimus rezultatus. Taip pat sėkmingas pokyčių vadovas, jų nuomone, yra tas, kuris jau sėkmingai įgyvendinęs ne vieną reformą. 3. Vertinant geras... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Summary The theoretical analysis of the activity of basic education schools acting under the conditions of reforms has been carried out in this research. The obstacles of the realization of reforms and the decrease of the resistance for changes have been presented. The following hypothesis: it is expected that the struggle of the directors in decreasing resistance for changes in basic education schools are resulted by the personal features of teachers has been approved. The desirable changes in schools will be intensively established, successively managed and will give results if their agents – teachers wish to change and accept the directions of changes. If most of teachers would agree with the necessity for changes and think that reforms are meaningful, the directors then would attain less resistance in implementing changes at schools, and the results would be approximate for those expected. 100 directors from various basic education schools in Lithuania had participated in this research (kindergartens, primary schools, secondary schools and gymnasiums). The research was performed in 2008-2009. The most important findings of this research: 1. Teachers at present usually resist reforms in schools because of their personal features. Among those features of teacher directors name the threat of uncertainty, fear of risk, narrow approach toward the problem, failure to identify problems, failure to get ready for future changes, the lack of competences and the sense of... [to full text]

This study focuses on stress management of educators, and specifically in the KwaZulu–Natal geographical region. The study consists of four focus areas (which are presented in article format), namely: * The first article identifies the role–players and their functions in delivering quality education to all South Africans. The article identifies the role–players from literature research and discusses their influences on the South African educational environment. A biographical profile of the educators of the KwaZulu–Natal area is compiled in the article by means of empirical research. * The second article employs both theoretical and empirical research to focus on the causes of stress to educators in public schools. In addition to identifying the causes of stress, the article also determines how stress impacts on the work performance of educators in KwaZulu–Natal. * The third article reports on management and leadership qualities of a school, and how guidance can assist in the transformation process. The study further examines the effects of a principal's leadership behaviour on the school's learning culture in KwaZulu–Natal. * This final article is a comparative study. It provides an overview of similarly focussed studies by Jackson (2004), Jackson and Rothman (2006) and Van Wyk (2006) with regard to the causes of stress among educators (but in different application settings namely the North West and Free State provinces). The focus in the final article is to determine if the stressors and its influences in education are generic throughout South Africa, or localised to KwaZulu–Natal. The research design consisted of selecting four districts randomly from the twelve in KwaZulu–Natal. From these districts, a total of 1 500 participants were randomly selected from the total population of 2 123 educators in the four districts. This amounted to a sample of 70.6% of the population). A total of 358 respondents completed the questionnaires resulting in a response rate of 23.3%. The study employed the statistical software programme SPSS 17.0 for Windows to analyse the data. A number of quantitative statistical techniques befitting the doctoral level of research were used to analyse the data. These techniques are: * Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy; * Bartlett's test of sphericity; * Exploratory factor analysis; * Cronbach Alpha's reliability coefficient; and * Pearson's correlation coefficient. The major findings of the study were that: * Three major role–players are identified in the first article, namely the educators, the Department of Education and the learners. To effectively facilitate quality education, management is a crucial component, whilst these role–players are also influenced by the macro environment. * The second article identified causes of stress. These causes account for a favourable 71.6% of the variance explained, and are: organisational support, overload, remuneration, control, job insecurity, job opportunities and growth opportunities. * The third article identified seven factors of importance in management and leadership. These factors explained a favourable 78.6% variance and are: Management and leadership styles, financial security, management and leadership fairness, stressors, empowerment, job security and sense of control over the work environment. * In the final article it is clear that the stressors are generic to South Africa. The majority of stressors have been identified by studies in the Free State, North West and in this study in KwaZulu–Natal. These stressors are organisational support, overload, growth opportunities / task characteristics, rewards and remuneration, and job insecurity. The ultimate recommendation of the study is because stress impacts negatively on the educators and their performance, a national strategy is partly required to improve educator stress as there are a number of common stressors in the three separate studies. Yet, further research is needed to substantiate the prevalence of these factors in all the provinces. A provincial approach is recommended for province specific stressors, while the national strategy could address the common stressors in conjunction with a provincial stress relieve programme. The study culminates in a final perceptual map of stressors, it causes and educator management that could handsomely assist in the drafting of such a national stress strategy for educators. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Business Management))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

This study focuses on stress management of educators, and specifically in the KwaZulu–Natal geographical region. The study consists of four focus areas (which are presented in article format), namely: * The first article identifies the role–players and their functions in delivering quality education to all South Africans. The article identifies the role–players from literature research and discusses their influences on the South African educational environment. A biographical profile of the educators of the KwaZulu–Natal area is compiled in the article by means of empirical research. * The second article employs both theoretical and empirical research to focus on the causes of stress to educators in public schools. In addition to identifying the causes of stress, the article also determines how stress impacts on the work performance of educators in KwaZulu–Natal. * The third article reports on management and leadership qualities of a school, and how guidance can assist in the transformation process. The study further examines the effects of a principal's leadership behaviour on the school's learning culture in KwaZulu–Natal. * This final article is a comparative study. It provides an overview of similarly focussed studies by Jackson (2004), Jackson and Rothman (2006) and Van Wyk (2006) with regard to the causes of stress among educators (but in different application settings namely the North West and Free State provinces). The focus in the final article is to determine if the stressors and its influences in education are generic throughout South Africa, or localised to KwaZulu–Natal. The research design consisted of selecting four districts randomly from the twelve in KwaZulu–Natal. From these districts, a total of 1 500 participants were randomly selected from the total population of 2 123 educators in the four districts. This amounted to a sample of 70.6% of the population). A total of 358 respondents completed the questionnaires resulting in a response rate of 23.3%. The study employed the statistical software programme SPSS 17.0 for Windows to analyse the data. A number of quantitative statistical techniques befitting the doctoral level of research were used to analyse the data. These techniques are: * Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy; * Bartlett's test of sphericity; * Exploratory factor analysis; * Cronbach Alpha's reliability coefficient; and * Pearson's correlation coefficient. The major findings of the study were that: * Three major role–players are identified in the first article, namely the educators, the Department of Education and the learners. To effectively facilitate quality education, management is a crucial component, whilst these role–players are also influenced by the macro environment. * The second article identified causes of stress. These causes account for a favourable 71.6% of the variance explained, and are: organisational support, overload, remuneration, control, job insecurity, job opportunities and growth opportunities. * The third article identified seven factors of importance in management and leadership. These factors explained a favourable 78.6% variance and are: Management and leadership styles, financial security, management and leadership fairness, stressors, empowerment, job security and sense of control over the work environment. * In the final article it is clear that the stressors are generic to South Africa. The majority of stressors have been identified by studies in the Free State, North West and in this study in KwaZulu–Natal. These stressors are organisational support, overload, growth opportunities / task characteristics, rewards and remuneration, and job insecurity. The ultimate recommendation of the study is because stress impacts negatively on the educators and their performance, a national strategy is partly required to improve educator stress as there are a number of common stressors in the three separate studies. Yet, further research is needed to substantiate the prevalence of these factors in all the provinces. A provincial approach is recommended for province specific stressors, while the national strategy could address the common stressors in conjunction with a provincial stress relieve programme. The study culminates in a final perceptual map of stressors, it causes and educator management that could handsomely assist in the drafting of such a national stress strategy for educators. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Business Management))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.