The purpose of this study is to investigate binary discourses of self and other constructed by Canadian media in the representation of Saudi women. One of the modest aims of this research is to expound on the status of centralized media coverage in Canada. Drawing on Hegel’s model of dialectics, as framed by Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978) and David Nikkel’s conception of a moderate postmodernism, this research also aims at contributing to the ongoing modern-postmodern discussion by delineating and examining the ways in which dialectical analysis can aid in the deconstruction of metanarratives in Western culture. Utilizing a qualitative research design that employs multidimensional modes of textual analysis, the thesis examined the changes in the portrayal of Saudi Women through a non-probability sampling of 88 Canadian newspaper articles selected from the Toronto Star, Globe and Mail, and National post between 2001-2009. One major finding was that the metanarratives guiding these representations did not change significantly despite changes in narratives as brought about by several major political events. The implications of this thesis revealed what the ideological influences framing these depictions, as well as whether or not the changes that they have undergone, were self-reifying in nature. The research also highlighted the implications resulting from assessing the ontological identities of Saudi women vis-à-vis a Western framework of values.

The purpose of this study is to investigate binary discourses of self and other constructed by Canadian media in the representation of Saudi women. One of the modest aims of this research is to expound on the status of centralized media coverage in Canada. Drawing on Hegel’s model of dialectics, as framed by Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978) and David Nikkel’s conception of a moderate postmodernism, this research also aims at contributing to the ongoing modern-postmodern discussion by delineating and examining the ways in which dialectical analysis can aid in the deconstruction of metanarratives in Western culture. Utilizing a qualitative research design that employs multidimensional modes of textual analysis, the thesis examined the changes in the portrayal of Saudi Women through a non-probability sampling of 88 Canadian newspaper articles selected from the Toronto Star, Globe and Mail, and National post between 2001-2009. One major finding was that the metanarratives guiding these representations did not change significantly despite changes in narratives as brought about by several major political events. The implications of this thesis revealed what the ideological influences framing these depictions, as well as whether or not the changes that they have undergone, were self-reifying in nature. The research also highlighted the implications resulting from assessing the ontological identities of Saudi women vis-à-vis a Western framework of values.

The purpose of this study is to investigate binary discourses of self and other constructed by Canadian media in the representation of Saudi women. One of the modest aims of this research is to expound on the status of centralized media coverage in Canada. Drawing on Hegel’s model of dialectics, as framed by Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978) and David Nikkel’s conception of a moderate postmodernism, this research also aims at contributing to the ongoing modern-postmodern discussion by delineating and examining the ways in which dialectical analysis can aid in the deconstruction of metanarratives in Western culture. Utilizing a qualitative research design that employs multidimensional modes of textual analysis, the thesis examined the changes in the portrayal of Saudi Women through a non-probability sampling of 88 Canadian newspaper articles selected from the Toronto Star, Globe and Mail, and National post between 2001-2009. One major finding was that the metanarratives guiding these representations did not change significantly despite changes in narratives as brought about by several major political events. The implications of this thesis revealed what the ideological influences framing these depictions, as well as whether or not the changes that they have undergone, were self-reifying in nature. The research also highlighted the implications resulting from assessing the ontological identities of Saudi women vis-à-vis a Western framework of values.

This essay explores the ways colonial short stories by Rudyard Kipling can be used in many different aspects of language teaching in upper secondary school.The analysis takes inspiration from Edward Said’s Orientalism, where he discusses and argues for the prevalence of the phenomenon of Orientalism in the zeitgeist of Western society during the age of European occupation and colonization. Additionally, the essay aims at showing the value of using the selected short stories as a means of teaching students a certain vocabulary that is necessary for identifying how Kipling’s portrayal of the Indian population frames them as vastly different from their British colonizers. Lastly, the essay suggests how teachers can use these attitudes and descriptions as valuable material for facilitating the inculcation of those democratic values that Skolverket expects schools to advocate.The analysis reveals several of the attitudes that Said highlighted, such as depictions that both implicitly and explicitly portray the Indian population as backward, uncivilized, and nonconforming to the values and attitudes that were ascribed to the colonizers at the time. There is also a large degree of an alleged racial, cultural, and religious superiority present in the stories. These attitudes could be employed as a basis for promoting discussions surrounding democratic values. The analysis also includes methods for explicit vocabulary development, suggesting how teachers can apply these to enable successful learning and development of new words and their connotations. Certain selected words are discussed thoroughly, since they display useful information regarding the portrayal of the Indian population, and some are discussed briefly to aid certain arguments.

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År 2005 inleddes förhandlingar med Turkiet gällande medlemskap i Europeiska Unionen, detta efter en synnerligen lång process av anpassningar från den turkiska sidan. I den svenska riksdagen jublades det från höger till vänster då man enligt egen utsago länge varit en förkämpe för Turkiets inkorporering i den europeiska gemenskapen. Slutligen skulle Turkiet, detta stora muslimska land i öst en gång ansett som ett av de största hoten mot Västerlandet bli en del av detsamma; men kan man i realiteten bli det? Ser Västerlandet i allmänhet och Sverige i synnerhet verkligen på Turkiet som på vilket annat land som helst, eller bär orden inom diskursen på djupt rotade föreställningar om landet? Det är detta som studien utifrån ett teoretiskt ramverk bestående av Edward Saids Orientalism och den postkoloniala teoribildningen ämnar behandla; kan man i den svenska politiska diskursen kring Turkiet finna spår av föreställningar hemmahörande i kolonialismen och orientalismen? Turkiet har inte ett lika tydligt kolonialt förflutet som många andra länder; inte heller har Sverige någon djupt gående historia av kolonialism på det direkta viset. Att då applicera teorier tydligt förknippade med och sprungna ur kolonialismen som maktfenomen på dessa länder kan te sig något avigt; denna uppsats menar motsatsen. Det viktiga här är att se bortom kolonialismen som explicit politisk maktutövning och istället inrikta sig på den koloniala maktstrukturen och imperialismen denna medförde; som vi kommer att se påverkas långt fler av efterdyningarna av kolonialismen än bara de direkt berörda parterna. Det är de föreställningar som en global imperialistisk makstruktur skapar som är det centrala i denna studie, och det faktum att dessa tränger igenom politiska, sociala och kulturella gränser, och på så sätt skapar en distinkt diskurs av vilken allt som sägs och produceras i ämnet är en del. Edward Said kallar dylika tankesystem för bojor smidda av tanken; smids dessa bojor även här i Sverige, i själva symbolen för den svenska folkviljan, riksdagen, och är det vi själva som smider dem, omedvetet fångade i en diskursiv ordning? Syftet med studien är att undersöka den svenska politiken förd i riksdagen gentemot Turkiet under den valda tidsperioden utifrån de teoretiska perspektiven postkolonialism och orientalism, det senare definierat av Edward W. Said i dennes magnum opus betitlat Orientalism.Konkret ger detta vid handen att ambitionen med studien är tudelad; det finns dels en strävan av deskriptiv karaktär, och dels en av mer analytisk art. Den deskriptiva delen av studien ämnar redogöra för och beskriva riksdagsdebatten gällande Turkiet, utifrån de nedslag som har valts för studien, med fokus på Turkiet i den europeiska kontexten och frågan kring Turkiets eventuella medlemskap i Europeiska Unionen. Vidare ämnar den analytiska, eller teoriapplicerande, delen av studien undersöka om det finns fog för tanken, vilken även utgör studiens grundhypotes, att den svenska politiska diskursen kring, med fokus på framställningen och bilden av, Turkiet, bär spår av en orientalistisk, postkolonialistisk och imperialistisk tankestruktur. Liksom syftet kan studiens frågeställningar delas upp i mer deskriptiva och mer analytiska, eller teoriapplicerande, frågeställningar. Hur har den svenska riksdagsdebatten gällande Turkiet i den europeiska kontexten sett ut från början av 1980-talet fram till idag? Kan man i denna debatt finna spår av en orientalistisk, postkolonial och imperialistisk tankestruktur, och i så fall på vilka sätt?

This thesis is a study of four graphic novels that depicts the Israeli-Palestinian conflict: Palestine (1993) by Joe Sacco, How to Get to Know Israel in 60 Days or Less (2011) by Sarah Glidden, Not the Israel My Parents Promised Me (2014) by Harvey Pekar and JT Waldman, and Jerusalem: Chronicles from the Holy City (2011) by Guy Delisle. By comparing the graphic novels, I study the differences and similarities in regard to postcolonial aspects by applying the theoretical framework of Edward Said concerning the “Other” and the Orient. I study the making of the “Other” in the graphic novels by analyzing the use of time in comics, as well as narratological aspects such as focalization. The making of the “Other” is complicated in graphic novels due to its complex use of time and narratology, where a multitude of perspectives and aspects of time can exist simultaneously. Moreover, the theme of the conflict and concept of the “Other” and is further complicated in the graphic novels’ since the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is an ongoing and complex conflict.  This thesis aims to deepen the understanding of how the “Other” is depicted in the material. It also has an ambition to expand the knowledge of the medium by analyzing comics in regard to stereotypes and simplification as well as the comic’s subversive strategies. Furthermore, I analyze the relationship between objectivity and subjectivity in the graphic novels which are often categorized as journalistic comics. In regards to the genre I discuss its relationship with traditional journalism and the school of “New Journalism”.

Postkoloniale Theorie bezeichnet ein breites Spektrum theoretischer Zugänge zu und kritischer Auseinandersetzungen mit historischen und gegenwärtigen Machtverhältnissen, die im Zusammenhang mit dem europäischen Kolonialismus und seinen bis heute währenden Fortschreibungen stehen. Als Gründungsdokument postkolonialer Theorie gilt Edward Saids Studie „Orientalism“ (1978). Postkoloniale feministische Theorie fokussiert auf die Situation von Frauen bzw. auf vergeschlechtlichte Identitäten in (neo-)kolonialen Settings. Neben der Konstruktion von Gender und Geschlechterrollen sind Sexualität und Begehren wichtige Topoi postkolonialer Theorie. Ein weiteres Themenfeld stellt die Dekonstruktion eurozentrischen / westlichen Wissens dar.

Title: Values, Desirability and Ideology in CNN Travel -- a Discourse Analysis on Travel Stories Author: Emmi Laine Course: Journalistikvetenskap, Kandidatkurs, H13 J Kand (Bachelor of Journalism, Fall 2013), JMK, Stockholm University, Sweden Aim: The aim is to examine which values and ideologies CNN Travel fulfills in their stories. Method: Qualitative discourse analysis. Summary: This Bachelor ́s thesis asks what is desirable, which are the values of CNN Travel, the major U.S. news corporation CNN ́s online travel site. The question has been answered through a qualitative discourse analysis on 20 chosen travel stories, picked by their relevancy, diversity, and their expressive tone. Due to the limited space and the specific textual method, the analysis was restricted to the editorial texts of these stories. The chosen method was discourse analyst Norman Fairclough ́s model of evaluation, which revealed the explicit and implicit ways the media texts suggest desired characteristics. These linguistic devices took the readers ́ agreement for granted, as they imposed a shared cultural ground with common values, which is a base for a mutual understanding. After identifying the explicit and implicit evaluations, they were organized according to some major discursive themes found in the texts, and finally analyzed in order to expose their underlying values. The results showed how these certain values brought forth certain ideologies, to some extent in keeping with recent research of tourism and travel journalism. As the study has been put into a larger context of related research, the following pages will first explain some larger concepts of discourse analysis, such as representation, cultural stereotypes, ideology and power. A cross-section from older to more contemporary theories in culture studies has been utilized; moving from Edward Said ́s postcolonial classic Orientalism, an example of cultural stereotyping, to the more recent topics of ‘promotion culture’ and consumerism, and tourism researcher John Urry ́s ideas about the consumption of places and the ‘tourist gaze.’ In the end, the study considers what kind of power does travel journalism possess over the represented tourism destinations. Finally, when questioning the travel journalists ́ legitimacy and power to represent the travel destinations, poststructuralist Michel Foucault ́s theory about the ‘regime of truth,’ as well as Antonio Gramsci ́s ideas of ‘hegemony,’ theory of dominance through consent, were discussed and confirmed.

My paper examines the ethics of representing Mormons in serious American fiction, viewed through two primary texts, Bayard Taylor's nineteenth-century dramatic poem The Prophet and Maureen Whipple's epic novel The Giant Joshua. I also briefly examine Walter Kirn's short stories “Planetarium” and “Whole Other Bodies.” Using Werner Sollors' and Matthew Frye Jacobson's writings on ethnicity as foundational, I argue in that Mormonism constitutes an ethnicity, which designation accentuates the ethical demands of those who represent the group. I also use W.J.T. Mitchell's theories of representation as the basis of my arguments of the ethics of representing ethnicity. As ethical theorists, Emmanuel Levinas and Edward Said inform the theoretical framework of my project, and I place their theories both in opposition to and harmony with each other in terms of what it means to be truly “Other” and the responsibility of those who view, represent, project, or accept otherness as essential to being. I also borrow from Wayne C. Booth, particularly in his practical application of ethics theory. I employ Terryl Givens, Michael Austin, Bruce Jorgensen, and Gideon Burton to help bring the theory into the field of Mormon studies. In applying all these theorists to Taylor and Whipple I examine Taylor's exoticizing, “Othering” Mormons, creating an “Oriental” version of the rise of Mormonism, parallel to some of his Middle Eastern travel writing. Taylor also makes the remarkable ethical step of being the first non-Mormon to “take Mormons seriously” in literary fiction. I demonstrate how his use of classical literary forms and themes moves the ethical treatment of Mormons forward in an unprecedented way. Maureen Whipple relies on some of the sensational, romantic tropes in common use, but overall she also moves forward ethical representation of Mormons in serious literature, being the best-received of “Mormondom's Lost Generation” of literary writers. In conclusion I argue that these texts, along with the more problematic Kirn stories, help create a positive ethical climate for Mormon representation.