The primary aim of this study is to attempt to evaluate by means of a case-study, the appropriateness of fieldwork as a way of teaching the new ecology section of the high school geography syllabus viz. 'Ecosystems, Environmental Balance and Conservation'. The study shows the value and importance of fieldwork to develop in pupils an awareness of environmental issues and conservation principles. Evidence collected during the course of the case-study is used to evaluate the nature of fieldwork. The case-study which comprises this thesis concerns the ecological and environmental fieldwork undertaken by a randomly selected sample of 24 standard ten higher-grade pupils studying geography at Glenwood High School in Durban during August 1987. The case-study site was the Pigeon Valley natural area in Glenwood, Durban. The fieldwork undertaken used a field-research approach recommended for use by senior high school pupils. Various conclusions and recommendations arising out of ecological fieldwork and the case-study evaluation, are presented. These include: 1) Fieldwork is a particularly appropriate method to use to teach this new section of the syllabus, as shown by pupil enjoyment and pupil success in completing the fieldwork tasks set them in the exercise. 2) Two fieldwork methods should be used - a traditional fieldwork approach for junior high school classes and a field research approach (with a built-in problem/issue based component) for senior high school classes. 3) Fieldwork is important not only as a substitute for systematic teaching of the section but also for revision purposes. 4) Case-study evaluation and the use of triangulation are appropriate for the purposes of this study. This study is presented as a contribution to geography teaching, in South Africa, particularly the area of fieldwork, but the qualitative nature of the study and the very nature of case-study research, however, prevent totally conclusive results from being obtained. / Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1988.

A presente pesquisa discute os trabalhos de campo da semana de recepção de calouros, no Instituto de Geociências da USP, em dois momentos. O primeiro entre os anos de 1978 e 1982 organizados pelos alunos do bacharelado em Geologia, integrantes do Centro Paulista de Estudos Geológicos CEPEGE. O segundo momento para os alunos do curso de Licenciatura em Geociências e Educação Ambiental LiGEA, entre os anos de 2005 a 2012. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é compreender como estas atividades contribuíram e continuam contribuindo com o processo de institucionalização da área de Pesquisa e Ensino em Geociências. Institucionalização é compreendida por nós não só como a criação de uma estrutura física, com normas, regulamentos, leis e estatuto, mas sim em um sentido mais amplo, incluindo, também, comportamentos que materializam valores em um determinado grupo social. Ao longo da pesquisa percebemos que estas atividades introdutórias, cada uma em seu contexto, estão impregnadas de valores e concepções metodológicas, pedagógicas e científicas. Para realizarmos a análise segundo estas dimensões, utilizamos diversas técnicas de coleta de dados como entrevistas, observação participante, anotações e pesquisa em arquivo documental. Assim, procuramos compreender a forma como estes trabalhos de campo foram organizados, utilizando um olhar multidimensional, compreendendo os contextos históricos e concepções educacionais, relacionando com discussões epistemológicas da área. A metodologia de análise de dados foi a Análise Textual Discursiva. Foi possível observar que os trabalhos de campo, tanto do CEPEGE, como da LiGEA, refletem aspectos pedagógicos, processuais de institucionalização e de formação científica, subjetiva e afetiva dos participantes. / This study discusses the field work for the week of receiption of freshmen at the Geosciences Institute of USP, on two occasions. The first between 1978 and 1982 organized by the students of the bachelor\'s degree in geology, members of the Central Geological Survey Paulista - CEPEGE. The second moment for the students of the Bachelor\'s Degree in Geosciences and Environmental Education - LiGEA, between the years 2005 to 2012. The main objective of this study is to understand how these activities contributed and still contribute to the process of institutionalization of the area of Research and Education in Geosciences. Institutionalization is understood by us as not only the creation of a physical structure, with rules, regulations, laws and statutes, but in a broader sense, including also behaviors that embody values in a particular social group. During the research we realized that these introductory activities, each in its context, are imbued with values and methodological conceptions, educational and scientific. To carry out the analysis along these dimensions we use various techniques of data collection such as interviews, participant observation, research notes and document archive. So we try to understand how this field works were organized, using a multidimensional look, understanding the historical contexts and educational concepts, epistemological discussions relating to the area. The methodology of data analysis was the Textual Discourse Analysis. It was observed that the field work, both CEPEGE as the LiGEA reflect pedagogical aspects, procedural institutionalization and scientific training, participants\' subjective and emotional.

Orientador: Lea Maria Leme Strini Velho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T15:35:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Weihs_MarlaLeci_M.pdf: 4805519 bytes, checksum: 190885f398ea599b5e4cd74cc59b72cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Este trabalho é um estudo de laboratório, que se apóia metodologicamente nos escritos de Latour e Woolgar (1987), teoricamente em Kohler (2002) e se aplica à comunidade científica de Biologia do Campus da Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT) de Nova Xavantina - MT. Objetiva identificar os fatores que levaram à escolha de determinadas linhas de pesquisa em detrimento de outras. Analisa, também, os condicionantes da constituição dos grupos de pesquisa e como se dá a produção de conhecimento no interior de cada um deles. Para isso, investiga o papel dos fatores institucionais e daqueles ligados ao ambiente local para o desenvolvimento de pesquisa científica; a construção social da agenda de pesquisa e a cultura científica que diferencia os pesquisadores em três tribos - de campo, de fronteira ou de laboratório, - em Biologia. Os resultados do estudo indicam que a qualificação dos profissionais incentivada pela UNEMAT; o fomento a projetos de pequena abrangência, à implementação de infra-estrutura e à aquisição de equipamentos para a pesquisa; a facilidade de desenvolvimento de pesquisas de baixo custo e a especialização dos pesquisadores em linhas de campo e de fronteira, foram os fatores que permitiram o desenvolvimento da pesquisa biológica em uma universidade periférica localizada no interior do Estado de Mato Grosso. Além disso, depreende-se da análise que é a linha de pesquisa escolhida na iniciação científica e na pósgraduação que socializa o pesquisador da área biológica na cultura de pesquisa de campo, de laboratório ou de fronteira. Essa formação é também o ¿bilhete de acesso¿ de uma ¿pessoa comum¿ ao mundo científico, permitindo a ela o aprendizado das técnicas, metodologias, teorias e as ¿atitudes científicas¿ que deve adotar para inserir-se no ciclo de credibilidade que configura o meio científico. Os créditos obtidos na carreira são usados como moedas de troca que permitem o reconhecimento dos pares e de instituições de fomento, ingredientes que são a verdadeira motivação dos pesquisadores, apesar de demonstrarem paixão pela pesquisa biológica / Abstract: This research may be classified as a ¿laboratory study¿ of the biological scientific community of the Mato Grosso State University Campus (UNEMAT) in Nova Xavantina ¿ MT. It follows the methodological approach developed by Latour and Woolgar (1987) and it relies on the concepts of lab and field research proposed by Kohler (2002) applied to. The study aims to identify the factors that lead to the choice of certain biology research lines and not others. It also identifies the determinants of the establishment of research teams and the dynamics of knowledge production in the interior of each team. Ti this end, it investigates the role of institutional factors and of those linked to the local environment on the scientific research development; the social construction of the research agenda and scientific culture that differentiates the researchers into three tribes - field, the border and the laboratory - in Biology. The findings reveal that the factors that enabled the development of biological research in the peripheral countryside university of Mato Grosso State were as follows: the type of professional qualification encouraged by UNEMAT; the funding of small scope projects, the implementation of infrastructure and the purchase of research equipment; the preference for low-cost researches given the easy access to savannah fields and the researchers specialization in specific lines of field and border Biology. , The findings also indicate that a biology researcher chooses to be a field, lab or border researcher since the beginning of his/her career in accordance to the research topic or line of investigation pursued. Research training, be it at the undergraduate or graduate level, is the admission ticket of a "common person" to the scientific world, by enabling the learning of techniques, methodologies, theories and "scientific attitudes" that are part of the cycle of credibility of a specific specialty. The credits earned in their careers are used as currency exchange allowing the recognition of peers and research funding institutions. The latter are the true motivation of the researchers, despite their showing passion for biological research / Mestrado / Mestre em Política Científica e Tecnológica

Orientadores: Vânia Maria Nunes dos Santos, Fernanda Keila Marinho da Silva / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T19:57:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Melo_ValdeteRamosdeOliveira_M.pdf: 4350387 bytes, checksum: 6094fbcbb3e2111600b0c694ed03663b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O presente estudo pretende analisar as narrativas sobre o local de vivência que foram produzidas por crianças/alunos que tiveram a oportunidade de participar de um projeto com temática ambiental. O objetivo principal é investigar em que medida e de que maneira a produção de textos, com ênfase em narrativas e descrições propiciadas por trabalhos de campo, contribuiu para a compreensão da realidade socioambiental local. Esta pesquisa foi realizada por estudantes do 6º ano, do Ensino Fundamental II de uma escola pública de Campinas, SP. Pretende-se também, ressaltar a importância da contextualização dos conteúdos articulando-os com o local de vivência dos alunos, possibilitando a compreensão dos conceitos científicos e cotidianos. Consideramos também, as discussões e reflexões sobre os trabalhos de campo realizado como mais um procedimento metodológico importante em sala de aula.Tecemos consideração sobre o referencial teórico em diálogo com a prática sobre a pesquisa ação colaborativa, concepção do professor reflexivo e a interdisciplinaridade. O olhar para a linguagem nesse contexto possibilitou trazer elementos da Língua Portuguesa para que possamos refletir um pouco mais sobre o ensino interdisciplinar, neste caso com as Geociências, para a educação básica. Isso significa ampliar as possibilidades para o tratamento dos enfrentamentos dos problemas socioambientais de forma mais integrada na escola. Por considerar que essa reflexão é social e ocorre na interação dos sujeitos, este estudo está alicerçado na perspectiva sócio histórica do desenvolvimento humano. E por fim, apontamos contribuição da Teoria de Dialogismo e Enunciação de Bakhtin, para as produções de texto na escola o estatuto da narração e da descrição para os estudos do local/ambiente. Este trabalho vincula-se ao projeto FAPESP Ensino Público intitulado, "Elaboração de conhecimentos escolares e curriculares relacionados à ciência, à sociedade e ao ambiente na escola básica com ênfase na regionalização a partir dos resultados de projeto de Politicas Públicas" / Abstract: The present study aims to analyze the narratives about the place of living that were produced by children / students who have had the opportunity to participate in a project focusing on environmental issues. The main objective is to investigate to what extent and how the production of texts, with emphasis on narratives and descriptions offered by field work, contributed to the understanding of local socio-environmental reality. This research was conducted by students of the 6th year of elementary school II of a public school in Campinas. The aim is also to emphasize the importance of contextualization of the content linking them with the experience of local students, enabling the understanding of scientific concepts and every day. We also consider the discussions and reflections on the fieldwork carried out as a more important methodological approach in the classroom. We made assumptions about the theoretical framework in dialogue with the practice of collaborative action research, design and interdisciplinary of the reflective teacher. The look at the language in this context allowed to bring elements of the Portuguese language so that we can reflect a little more about the interdisciplinary education, in this case with the Geosciences, for basic education. This means broadening the possibilities for the treatment of clashes of social and environmental problems in a more integrated school. Considering that this process is social and occurs in the interaction of the subjects, this study is grounded in socio-historic perspective of human development. Finally, we point out the contribution of Enunciation and dialogical theories of Bakhtin, for the production of school text on the status of narration and description to the site studies / environment. This work is linked to the FAPESP Public Education entitled, "Developing knowledge and school curriculum related to science, society and the environment in primary education with emphasis on regionalization from the results of project public policy / Mestrado / Ensino e Historia de Ciencias da Terra / Mestre em Ensino e Historia de Ciencias da Terra

The problem of this investigation was the construction and evaluation of a score card for evaluating the field work experience in recreation. The instrument was constructed after studying nationally adopted accreditation standards, criteria, guidelines and evaluations of professional preparation programs. This investigation concludes that of twenty-five items which made up the original instrument, twenty-four remained after two evaluations by a panel of experts. A method was developed to score the instrument according to maximum score and percentage compliance score for each section of the instrument. It is the recommendation of this investigation that the score card be field tested and become part of a total score card for evaluating the professional preparation program in recreation.

Arbetets utgångspunkt är att göra en jämförelse mellan hur förutsättningar i ett socioekonomiskt svagt och ett socioekonomiskt starkare område påverkar fältarbete riktat mot ungdomar. Bakgrunden till studien är bristen på tidigare forskning och det kunskapsglapp som finns om fenomenet. Studien baseras på kvalitativ metod med empiriskt material hämtat från intervjuer. Hermeneutiskt perspektiv används som analysverktyg. Informanter från två olika fältverksamheter i områden med olika socioekonomiska förutsättningar intervjuades. Arbetets syfte är att besvara frågeställningarna: Vilka skillnader och likheter finns mellan verksamheterna gällande metoder och förhållningssätt? Hur arbetar fältverksamheten med ungdomsproblematik i området? Påverkar områdets socioekonomiska förutsättningar verksamhetens arbetssätt? Resultatet av studien visar att skillnader finns mellan de undersökta verksamheterna vilka kan kopplas till områdenas socioekonomiska status. Samband kan urskiljas mellan ett områdes socioekonomiska status, ungdomsproblematik och fältverksamheternas metoder och förhållningssätt. Däremot är det svårt att dra konkreta slutsatser eftersom flera faktorer kan påverka samtliga delar. Vidare kan ses att stort behov finns att utveckla forskning inom området och att kunskap om fältarbete sprids. / The starting point is to make a comparison between how conditions in a socio-economically weak and a socio-economically stronger area affects fieldwork targeting youths. The background of the study is the lack of previous research and the lack of knowledge about the phenomenon. The study is based on a qualitative method with empirical material collected from interviews. Hermeneutic perspective is used as the analysis tool. Informants from two different field activities in areas with different socio-economic conditions were interviewed. The purpose of the work is to answer the questions: What are the differences and similarities between the two field-groups in terms of methods and attitudes? How does the different fieldgroups work with youth issues in the area? Do the area's socio-economic conditions affect the way field-groups work? The results of the study show that there are differences between the investigated activities which can be linked to the areas' socio-economic status. Connections can be distinguished between an area's socio-economic status, youth issues and the methods and attitudes the fieldworkers use. However, it is difficult to draw concrete conclusions because several factors can affect all parts. Furthermore, it can be seen that there is a great need to develop research in the field and that knowledge about field work is spread.

No description available.

Syftet med denna undersökning har varit att genom ett fältarbete i två sjundeklasser få kunskap om undervisning med skönlitteratur har gett elever i den ena klassen andra förutsättningar att skriva en essä än i den andra klassen. Essäuppgiftens uppgift var att fungera som avslutning på arbetsområdet ”Egypten för 5000 år” sedan för eleverna. Jag har valt att genom en enkät undersöka skillnaderna i elevernas upplevelse av arbete med skönlitteratur i historieundervisningen. När det gäller enkäten och essäuppgiften i de båda klasserna skilde sig resultatet av dessa inte nämnvärt från varandra vilket jag hade förväntat mig. Anledningen till att det inte förekom några skillnader anser jag ligger i att för att eleverna ska kunna genomföra den dubbla tankeoperation, i vilken de genetiska och genealogiska perspektiven kommer fram i elevernas historiemedvetande, krävs det aktiva samtal. Dessa ger eleverna möjlighet att analysera och reflektera i klassrummet med andra elever och lärare omkring texter som eleverna läser. Detta stämmer överens med Mary Ingemanssons studie av yngre barn. Dessa samtal ingick inte i min undervisning. En viktig iakttagelse som däremot gjordes i min undersökning var att med skönlitteratur i historieundervisningen tenderar eleverna till att framföra tidlösa fantasiberättelser eller faktalistor. / I have in this study worked whit two seventh grade classes. The purpose of this study has been to examine if teaching with the complement of fiction novel has given the pupils in one of the classes better conditions to write an essay than in the other class. The assignment ended the course “Egypt -5000 years ago”. I’ve also created a survey to find out if there were any differences between the classes that worked with creative writing, and the class that didn’t do it. The conclusion of my work is that the differences between the two classes did not come out as big as I expected. The reason to the small difference in skills between the classes may lay in the dual thinking operation, in which the genetic such as the genealogic perspective comes through the pupils in forming a dependent historical perception. This kind of thinking creates an active conversation where the pupils obtain the prospective to analyse and reflect with other pupils and teachers about the text that they had been reading. This kind of thinking agrees with the views of Mary Ingemanssons study on younger children. Conversations of this kind did not occur in my lessons. Another important observation which I noticed in my study was that when using fiction in history teaching, the pupils tended to present timeless fantasy stories or list of facts.

[pt] Esta dissertação trata das questões socioambientais na região do Alto Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, a partir da relação entre o Parque Natural Municipal da Cidade e a Comunidade Vila Parque da Cidade. A hipótese é que os moradores da comunidade construíram uma forma particular com o território, de cunho comunitário. O objetivo é discutir questões ligadas à preservação ambiental, de moradia e acesso aos direitos sociais. O trabalho utiliza metodologia qualitativa e foi realizado com base em pesquisa bibliográfica, trabalho de campo e entrevistas. / [en] The dissertation deals with socio-environmental issues in the Alto Gávea region, Rio de Janeiro, based on the relationship between the Parque Municipal da Cidade na dthe Comunidade Vila Parque da Cidade. The hypothesis is that the residents of the community built a particular form with the territory, of a community nature. The aim is to discuss issues related to environmental preservation, housing and access to social rights. The work uses qualitative methodology and was carried out based on bibliographical research, field work and interviews.

Geographic Information System (GIS) is a technology that can help collect, edit, store, manage, transform, analyze and represent data. This research aimed to show how mobile GIS application can  be designed, developed and applied to electric field work. An Android mobile application, which had been integrated with GIS was developed in Java. The prototype was tested and evaluated by employees of China Southern Power Grid (CSG). The resulting mobile application had three important features and functionalities: map view, location and electrical object querying, and attribute viewing and editing. According to the results of the user testing, the advantages of the application were its improved performance as brought about by the different scales used in the maps, its clear layout, and the speed of completing the query tasks. The disadvantages, on the other hand, were restrictions in the data types used and the query window. The study showed that with wireless communication, GPS and Location-based (LBS) supplements, electric utilities can benefit from this mobile GIS application in the following aspects: 1) eliminate the obstacles of going out in the field; 2) increase the flexibility of field work by faster access to data; 3) increase the accuracy and efficiency of field workers by dealing with the querying and editing task, and field mapping on a portable devices in real time. According to these aspects, electric field work can easily be enhanced by saving time, resources, and costs.