Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a literatura e o cinema a partir da filosofia contemporânea. Foram objetos deste estudo a literatura, aqui representada por João Guimarães Rosa, e o cinema inspirado por uma de suas obras. Analisou-se Campo Geral, novela publicada pela primeira vez em Corpo de Baile (1956) em relação a Mutum (2007), de Sandra Kogut, o filme mais recente de inspiração rosiana até a organização do projeto de pesquisa que deu origem a esta tese. Para a análise do corpus da pesquisa, emprestamos alguns conceitos da filosofia, especialmente de Gilles Deleuze, um autor que se dedicou ao cinema e à literatura em seus escritos individuais e na parceria com Félix Guattari. Fazendo um recorte da literatura e do cinema à luz dos conceitos filosóficos selecionados, reafirmamos as potências contemporâneas da arte rosiana. Ao trabalharmos conceitos em um plano transversal coerente com o pensamento deleuziano, também estabelecemos critérios para uma análise comparatista entre literatura e cinema, explorando principalmente o conceito de fabulação. / We have compared literature and cinema according to contemporary philosophy. The objects of research were Campo Geral, written by João Guimarães Rosa (a novel first published in 1956), and the film inspired by this writing, Mutum (2007), by Sandra Kogut the most recent film based on Rosas literature at the time of the proposal of this study. In order to analyse the corpus, we have selected philosophical concepts by the French philosopher Gilles Deleuze, an author who has written both on literature and cinema, with or without his writing partner, Félix Guattari. As we focused on the text and the film in the perspective of the previously chosen concepts, we have reassured the contemporary potential of Rosas writings. While working the concepts in a transversal plane, coherently with the deleuzian thought, we have also established criteria for comparative studies between literature and cinema, especially through the concept of fabulation.

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a literatura e o cinema a partir da filosofia contemporânea. Foram objetos deste estudo a literatura, aqui representada por João Guimarães Rosa, e o cinema inspirado por uma de suas obras. Analisou-se Campo Geral, novela publicada pela primeira vez em Corpo de Baile (1956) em relação a Mutum (2007), de Sandra Kogut, o filme mais recente de inspiração rosiana até a organização do projeto de pesquisa que deu origem a esta tese. Para a análise do corpus da pesquisa, emprestamos alguns conceitos da filosofia, especialmente de Gilles Deleuze, um autor que se dedicou ao cinema e à literatura em seus escritos individuais e na parceria com Félix Guattari. Fazendo um recorte da literatura e do cinema à luz dos conceitos filosóficos selecionados, reafirmamos as potências contemporâneas da arte rosiana. Ao trabalharmos conceitos em um plano transversal coerente com o pensamento deleuziano, também estabelecemos critérios para uma análise comparatista entre literatura e cinema, explorando principalmente o conceito de fabulação. / We have compared literature and cinema according to contemporary philosophy. The objects of research were Campo Geral, written by João Guimarães Rosa (a novel first published in 1956), and the film inspired by this writing, Mutum (2007), by Sandra Kogut the most recent film based on Rosas literature at the time of the proposal of this study. In order to analyse the corpus, we have selected philosophical concepts by the French philosopher Gilles Deleuze, an author who has written both on literature and cinema, with or without his writing partner, Félix Guattari. As we focused on the text and the film in the perspective of the previously chosen concepts, we have reassured the contemporary potential of Rosas writings. While working the concepts in a transversal plane, coherently with the deleuzian thought, we have also established criteria for comparative studies between literature and cinema, especially through the concept of fabulation.

Spekulativ fabulation är ett designperspektiv som möjliggör kombinationen av fakta och historia med fantasi. Det förespråkar fablernas användning utav fiction i en faktabaserad miljö. Vi har i detta kandidatarbetet undersökt hur vi kan med hjälp av spekulativ fabulation skapa nya perspektiv kring en historisk händelse. Detta genom att tillämpa designperspektivet i vår designprocess för att skapa en spelfilm som undersöker mötet som uppstår. Vi kommer att gå igenom de designmetoder som vi använt oss som möjliggjorde för vår iterativa arbetsprocess, samt argumentera kring de design valen som gjordes för att uppnå det resultat som vi fick. Vi går sedan in på det resultatet som vi fick, samt lite mer djupgående in på diskussion. Där vi förklarar hur man kan undvika några av de problemen som vi fick och hur man kan fortsätta undersöka spekulativ fabulation film för framtida undersökningar. / Speculative fabulation is a design perspective that enables the combination of facts and history with imagination. It advocates for fables' use of fiction within a fact-based environment. In this dissertation we have explored how we can create different perspectives of a historical event with the help of speculative fabulation. This is done by applying speculative fabulation to our design process to create a feature film that examines the encounter which occurs. We will go through the design methods that were used and that made it possible for our iterative work process, as well as argue for the design choices that were made in order to achieve the end results. Then we explore the results we received. We will also go a little more in-depth into the process in the discussion section. The discussion section explains how to avoid some of the problems we encountered and how to continue investigating speculative fabulation films for future investigations.

Les œuvres de Neil Gaiman sont souvent qualifiées de postmodernes dans la mesure où elles lient expérimentation et autoréflexivité à une démarche de fiction populaire qui leur paraît antagoniste. A l’inverse d'une œuvre postmoderniste typique, qui met en avant sa mise à nu des mécanismes fabulateurs, les métafictions et les parodies gaimaniennes restent des fictions fantastiques et merveilleuses où les enjeux fabulateurs (psychologie et parcours des personnages, intrigue, émotion et suspens) gardent leur place primordiale. Elles ne sont donc pas des œuvres expérimentales mêlées d'éléments de fiction populaire, mais des œuvres de fiction populaire autoréflexive. Cette posture singulière fait de ces œuvres un terrain d'exploration fertile pour la réflexion sur les spécificités de la fiction populaire, et sur la place privilégiée qu'y occupe la fabulation ("storytelling"), notion qu’Henri Bergson ou Frank McConnell considéraient comme le fil rouge entre l’écriture de fiction d’aujourd'hui et la mythopoèse religieuse d’autrefois. Cette dialectique instaurée entre fabulation, mythe et fiction populaire constitue le cœur thématique des œuvres de Gaiman, qui abondent en réécritures de mythes anciens, modernes, religieux, populaires, et en représentations de personnages d’écrivains et de conteurs traditionnels, ou de personae gaimaniennes, qui, au plus fort de l’intrigue comme aux confins du paratexte, au détour d’une préface ou d’une vignette de bande dessinée, forgent une représentation de la fiction comme mythe, de l’écrivain comme figure mythique du conteur, et de la fabulation comme activité humaine quintessentielle. / Neil Gaiman’s fantasy works are often deemed postmodernist since they experiment with self-reflexivity and mix it with a supposedly antagonistic impulse towards popular fiction. Typical postmodernist works mostly emphasize their attacks against the fictional illusions of referentiality, character or plot. On the contrary, Gaiman’s works unapologetically remain within the bounds of fantasy, a genre in which imagination and storytelling are paramount–along with their related issues: characterization, plot, emotion and suspense. Thus, Gaiman’s fiction is not experimental fiction enhanced with elements of popular fiction, but actual popular fiction made self-reflexive. Thanks to that peculiar mood, studying Gaiman’s work is a very fruitful means of investigating the distinctive features of popular fiction, and its inherent emphasis on storytelling–or, as Henri Bergson called it, “fabulation.” Both Bergson and Frank McConnell focused on this notion which they saw as the essential link between ancient mythmaking and today’s fiction writing. Gaiman’s fiction mostly relies on such a dialectics between myth, popular fiction and storytelling or fabulation. His fantasy stories constantly rewrite ancient, religious myths, modern myths or the “myths” of popular fiction, and feature many fictional and historical writers, traditional storytellers, or Gaiman’s own personae, so that in paratext as well as in the heart of a narrative, in the quiet and supposedly reliable words of an introduction as surely as on the most striking comics panels, fiction is portrayed as myth, writers as mythical avatars of some archetypal storyteller, and storytelling as the one, quintessential human act.

The present thesis argues that the present era of post-postmodernism experiences a revival of revised metanarratives through &lsquo / fabulation&rsquo / , the process masterfully depicted in Julian Barnes&rsquo / s novels Metroland (1980), Flaubert&rsquo / s Parrot (1984), History of the World in 10 &frac12 / Chapters (1989) and England, England (1998). The age of postmodernism with its undermining irony, hopelessness, pessimism and the sense of the looming end could not but leave the world in a state of despair, characterised by a propagated rule of the simulacra and the subaltern, hybridism, uncertainty, absence and inconclusiveness. As a result, the world witnessed the appearance of various calls for the re-institution of metanarratives as the only cure to rescue mankind from continuous deferral of signification, which tends to feel secure only with a score of guiding narratives. The same holds true of Julian Barnes&rsquo / s fiction. While many consider the writer&rsquo / s works to be typically postmodern, it is far from being so, as alongside the propagation of multiplicity and flexibility of meaning, it emphasises the existence of the Truth and the necessity to fabulate metanarratives, which are the only guiding poles in human progress through life in post-postmodernism.

[pt] A tese Tramas teóricas e ficcionais na escrita auto(r)biográfica investiga criticamente textos autobiográficos contemporâneos e formas e modelos de sua construção teórica a partir da hipótese de se tratar de discursos inseparáveis marcados por constantes processos de retroalimentação. Neste horizonte é problematizado o estatuto híbrido da escrita autobiográfica situada nos interstícios do factual e do ficcional, contestando a ilusão referencial fundada em modelos dicotômicos excludentes. É questionado, igualmente, o estatuto do autor enquanto sujeito autônomo, integrado, autoconsciente e relativizada a reivindicação de autenticidade e verdade de seus enunciados a favor de uma configuração complexa e cambiante de seus modos de expressão identitária em circuitos comunicativos circunstanciais, marcados por alternâncias, intercâmbios e fusões das distintas instâncias autorais e pela sobreposição com a figura do narrador. O processo de autorreflexão e de autoencenação proposto é entendido como performance de um autor compósito – entre outros, orientando, jornalista, ensaísta, contista, escritor de ficção, professor, pesquisador, candidato ao título de doutor – que constrói uma identidade oscilante no encontro com múltiplos outros. Em consonância com um cenário de reflexão teórica não transparente e dispersa e em diálogo com produções literárias contemporâneas classificadas de inespecíficas – construídas pela articulação de metarreflexões, correios eletrônicos, sonhos e pesadelos, ensaios, fragmentos teóricos, desenhos, imagens, fotografias, citações intertextuais, referências autobiográficas, contos, crônicas e textos literários –, a tese comprova as suas hipóteses no experimento de uma escrita criativa, radicalizando os processos interativos de reciprocidade entre produção literária e construção teórica, ficcionalidade e factualidade, sujeito e objeto, autenticidade e encenação neste work in progress. Em sintonia com a expansão do campo literário, opta-se por uma perspectiva investigativa transdisciplinar e, no espaço da própria configuração textual, ensaia-se uma escrita de sintaxe não linear, interrompida, entrecortada, duplicada, invertida, marcada por reticências e sem ponto final. O texto sinaliza a ambivalência do lugar do discurso através de formas de circulação e recepção, da alternância do narrador autodiegético para o narrador heterodiegético e, também, por meio de um pacto autobiográfico ambíguo, que se desdiz ao longo do texto. Essas dinâmicas ambivalentes oferecem ao leitor possibilidades de escolha. A partir de uma perspectiva epistemológica construtivista e da adoção de uma linguagem metanarrativa, a tese concentra-se em processos: tanto no de escrita quanto no da própria pesquisa, configurando-se, assim, como uma observação de segunda ordem. Neste âmbito, ela se oferece como contribuição significativa para uma discussão atualizada acerca da escrita autobiográfica no espaço disciplinar dos estudos literários que, por seu lado, se caracterizam como permanente work in progress. / [en] The dissertation Theoretical and fictional threads in aut(h)o(r)biographical writing investigates critically contemporary autobiographical texts and forms and models of their theoretical construction from the hypothesis of being inseparable discourses marked by constant feedback processes. In this context the hybrid statute of autobiographical writing located in the interstices of the factual and the fictional is put in doubt, challenging the referential illusion based on excluding dichotomous models. It is also questioned the status of the author as an autonomous subject, integrated, self-conscious and relativized the claim of authenticity and truth of their statements in favor of a complex and changing configuration of their modes of expression of identity in circumstantial communicative circuits, marked by alternations, exchanges and fusion of the different authorial instances and by the superposition with the figure of the narrator. The process of self-reflection and self-enacting is understood as the performance of a composite author – among others, advisee, journalist, essayist, short story writer, teacher, researcher, candidate for doctoral title – who builds an oscillating identity in the encounter with multiple others. Consistent with a non-transparent and dispersed theoretical reflection scenario and in dialogue with contemporary literary productions classified as nonspecific - constructed by the articulation of metareflections, e-mail, dreams and nightmares, essays, theoretical fragments, drawings, images, photographs, intertextual quotations, autobiographical references, short stories, chronicles and literary texts - the thesis proves its hypothesis in the experiment of a creative writing radicalizing the interactive processes of reciprocity between literary production and theoretical construction, fictionality and factuality, subject and object, authenticity and staging in this work in progress. In line with the expansion of the literary field, a transdisciplinary research perspective is chosen and, in the space of the textual configuration itself, a non-linear, interrupted, duplicated, inverted syntax writing marked by suspension points and no period. The text signals the ambivalence of the place of discourse through forms of circulation and reception, from the alternation of the autodiegetic narrator to the heterodiegetic narrator, and also by means of an ambiguous autobiographical pact, which is discouraged throughout the text. These ambivalent dynamics offer the reader possibilities of choice. From a constructivist epistemological perspective and the adoption of a metanarrative language, the thesis focuses on processes: both in writing and in research itself, thus becoming a second order observation. In this context, it offers itself as a significant contribution to an up-to-date discussion of autobiographical writing in the disciplinary space of literary studies which, in turn, are characterized as permanent work in progress.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This master s thesis experimented the fabulation to think encounters regarding teachers formation. Such encounters were produced by affects (SPINOZA, 2013) triggered by the animation Coraline (2009). The encounters dialogue with visual diaries were constructed during the Supervised Teaching Practice in the Visual Arts Teaching Major. The memory that I have fabricated was not the one about a recall or a review of what the teaching formation diaries contained, but it was the creation, which might have come from these registers. Moved by Deleuze s (1997) and Deleuze e Guattari s (1995) thoughts, I have produced, with connections from the past, something in constant development, an anti-narrative, about to happen, breaking the time sequences of events. The secret world constructed in this research is not about another world, but this world, here and now, what happens in complete immanence, all that might become. I operated with concepts such as affects and encounters to trace the sewing of this research, to map this rhizome, where methodic thinking is defeated by disorder towards the creation of new territories. The experimentation through the memory was the fabulation, which invades the character Coraline s quotidian and elements present in the pedagogical diaries. The text was built in the mix of such borders, in the teaching living based on the fabulation I produced in this research. / Esta dissertação experimentou da fabulação para pensar os encontros de uma formação docente. Encontros esses produzidos pelos afetos (SPINOZA, 2013) disparados pela animação Coraline e o Mundo Secreto (2009). Encontros que conversaram com os diários visuais, construídos no momento dos Estágios Curriculares Supervisionados na Graduação em Licenciatura em Artes Visuais. A memória com a qual fabulei não foi aquela que diz respeito à lembrança ou resgate do que está contido nos diários de formação docente, mas o que pode ser criado a partir desses registros. Movimentada pelo pensamento de Deleuze (1997) e Deleuze e Guattari (1995), produzi com estas conexões com o passado que está em constante devir, por vir, uma antinarrativa, rompendo com as sequências temporais dos acontecimentos. O mundo secreto em construção na pesquisa não diz respeito a outro mundo, e sim a este mundo, no aqui e agora, no que acontece em plena imanência, em tudo que pode vir a ser. Operei com conceitos como afetos e encontros para traçar a costura da pesquisa, mapear esse rizoma, onde o pensamento metódico é desafiado pela desordem e para a criação de novos territórios. A experimentação com a memória foi a própria fabulação, que adentra no cotidiano da personagem Coraline e nos elementos presentes nos diários pedagógicos. Foi na mistura dessas fronteiras que o texto se construiu, na vivência de uma docência fabuladora que produzi esta pesquisa.

abstract: The current sustainability crisis is born from a specious notion that humans are separate from and in a position of control over nature. In response, this dissertation reconceptualizes education beyond its current anthropocentric model to imagine education as learning through relationality with all that is ‘beyond’ the human. The study leaves behind hegemonic binary distinctions (human/nature, teacher/student, formal/non-formal education) to reimagine education as a multidirectional process of learning as worlding and becoming-with Earth (Haraway, 2016a). It explores what matters in education and how it comes to matter. This dissertation introduces the concept of storyworlding to describe what occurs when multispecies, multi-mattered assemblages (re)write Earth’s narratives through their relationships with one another. Taking its inspiration from the work of the Common Worlds Research Collective, Donna Haraway, and Isabelle Stengers, storyworlding acknowledges that the relationships between and among all biotic and abiotic forces on Earth make stories through their interactions, and these stories make a pluriverse of worlds. The study is structured as a natureculture (Haraway, 2003) ethnography. This innovation on ethnography, a traditionally human-centered method, focuses on agential, multispecies/ multi-mattered assemblages rather than the description of human culture. Data is not generated and then labeled as fixed in this study. It is emergent in its assemblages as a co-narrator in sympoietic storyworlding (Haraway, 2016b). Data generation took place over 6 months in a small, coffee-producing region of Southeastern Brazil. Data generation methods included walking conversations with children and the more-than-human world, participation in a multi-grade, one-room schoolhouse, and the collection of visual and audio data such as drawings, photographs, videos, and audio recordings. Using an intentionally slow, messy, and fluid diffractive analysis, I follow the data where it leads as I think with the concept of storyworlding (Barad, 2007; Mazzei, 2014). Drawing inspiration from Donna Haraway, Isabelle Stengers, and Iveta Silova, the dissertation concludes with an Epilogue of speculative fabulation (SF) imaginings through which I invite the reader to engage in the thought experiment of reimagining not only what matters in education, but what education, itself, is. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Educational Leadership and Policy Studies 2020

Submitted by Nara Lays Domingues Viana Oliveira (naradv) on 2015-06-16T14:36:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 000007F4.pdf: 2768727 bytes, checksum: 9fc3a810e196d69669b571b4c67a6252 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-16T14:36:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000007F4.pdf: 2768727 bytes, checksum: 9fc3a810e196d69669b571b4c67a6252 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-12 / Nenhuma / Esta tese tem como finalidade a caracterização do estatuto semiótico da imagemdocumento à luz dos pensamentos de Gilles Deleuze e Charles Sanders Peirce. Ao se retomar a influência peirceana sobre o pensamento cinematográfico de Deleuze – em geral associado ao bergsonismo – empreendeu-se uma revisão crítica das imagens-movimento e das imagenstempo sob o viés semiótico e se descobriu um novo tipo de imagem derivada da experiência cinematográfica contemporânea e que introduz problemáticas bem específicas para o estudo do cinema: a imagem-documento, foco desta tese. A imagem-documento é aqui concebida como imagem-tempo, mais precisamente como a face documental da imagem-cristal, cuja matéria expressiva é constituída pelas figuras da fabulação, da potência do falso, da alteridade do personagem, do agente provocador, do personagem intercessor, do jogo cênico, do transe, do deslocamento e da montagem nuclear. Nesse cinema de imagem-documento, ao invés de se identificarem os índices de uma realidade já vivida (como nos documentários clássicos), elas se comportam como flechas do tempo (em séries) que apontam para o vir a ser do mundo, inseparáveis das ideias de ação, intervenção e invenção, possibilitadas pelas imagens de fabulação. Além da demonstração das relações teóricas entre Peirce e Deleuze – que evidenciam as potencialidades desse encontro –, a imagem-documento foi abordada ensaisticamente. Nos ensaios, procurou-se estabelecer de que forma tal imagem funciona em cenas dos filmes Iracema, uma transa amazônica (1974), Jogo de cena (2007) e Di Glauber (1977), propostos como experiências brasileiras da imagem-documento. Esta tese, assim, procura revelar os modos como os pensamentos de Peirce e Deleuze se agenciam para dar lugar a uma nova imagem de pensamento cuja matéria de expressão são as imagens cinematográficas. Por fim, esta pesquisa também contribui para demonstrar que a prática da escrita deleuzeana concebida pelo viés peirceano pode trazer relevantes contribuições para ambas as teorias. / This thesis aims to characterize the semiotic state of the document-image in the light of Gilles Deleuze and Charles Sanders Peirce’s thoughts. Resuming the influence of Peirce in Deleuze’s cinematic thought – generally associated with Bergson – allowed a critical review about the movement-images and the time-images in the light of semiotics, and discovered a new type of image derived from the contemporary cinematic experience that introduces specific problematic for the study of cinema: the document-image, the core of the thesis. The image-document is thought as a time-image, more precisely, as a documentary face of the image-crystal, whose expressive matter consists in the figures of fabulation, the power of the false, the otherness of the character, the agent provocateur, the Character intercessor, the scenic game, the trance, the displacement and the nuclear assembly. In this cinema of document-image, instead of identifying the index of a reality already experienced (as in the classic documentaries), it behaves like a arrows of time (in series) that point to become of the world, inseparable from ideas of action, intervention and invention, made possible by the images of fabulation. In addition to demonstrate the theoretical relations between Peirce and Deleuze – where highlight the potential of this encounter –, the document-image was approached through essays. In these essays we intended to establish how the image-document works in scenes of the films Iracema, uma transa amazônica (1974), Jogo de cena (2007) and Di Glauber (1977), proposed as Brazilian experiences of image-document. This thesis, therefore, intends to reveal the ways in which thoughts of Peirce and Deleuze can be the way for a new image of thought whose matter of expression are the cinematic images. Finally, this research contributes to demonstrate that the practice of deleuzean writing conceived in the light of Peirce can bring important contributions to both theories.

A dissertação apresenta rastros de um percurso filosófico e suas crises. Crises entendidas no sentido de um gesto criador, que leva o filósofo, no caso Henri Bergson, a passar de um conceito a outro. Da memória à fabulação é todo um plano de pensamento original que se insinua, suscitando uma nova modalidade de cálculo dos problemas filosóficos envolvidos no encontro radical entre a teoria do conhecimento, a metafísica e a experiência. Situada diante deste novo cálculo como um aluno que postado em frente a um quadro negro com alguns rabiscos começa a explorar o mundo estranho que se abre, a escrita da dissertação procura realizar aproximações problemáticas, entradas e saídas sinuosas, cujo objetivo é tensionar os limites éticos e estéticos da discursividade atual do ensino de História. Procura, ainda, ler Bergson ao modo de Deleuze, descolando a história da filosofia da sua mortalha museológica para apresentar-lhe de modo contemporâneo, intempestivo. Do ponto de vista de um virtualismo bergsoniano, postula um ensino menos afeito às estruturas significantes atuais e mais próximo de uma política expressiva aberta à expansão dos limites da significação. / This dissertation presents a trail of traces from a philosofical path and its crisis. Crisis interpreted as a 'gesture of creation', that takes the philosopher, in this case Henri Bergson, from one concept to another. From memory to fabulation it is a whole new plan of original thought that insinuates itself, bringing about a new modality of calculation to philosophical problems involved in the radical encounter of the Theory of Knowledge, the Metaphysics and the experience. Situated before this new modality of calculation like a student who stands in front of a blackboard drawing scribbles starts to explore and open up a new world, the writing of this dissertation aims to acomplish problematic approaches, winding inputs and outputs, whose objectives are to tension the ethical and aesthetical limits of the current historical discursivity used in the teaching of history. Furthermore, it intends to show and read Bergson through Deleuzes way, separating the history of philosophy from its museological shroud to present it in a sudden contemporary manner. From a bergsonian virtualism point of view, it postulates an education less wonted to current significant structures and closer to an expressive policy open to the expansion of signification limits.