Abstrakt Bakgrund: 2010 avled omkring 72 000 människor med behov av palliativ vård i Sverige. Sedan ÄDEL-reformens genomförande har andelen svårt sjuka som vårdas och dör i hemmet ökat. Den avancerade medicinska hjälpen i hemmet har förbättrats, men anhöriga spelar fortfarande en viktig roll för genomförandet av palliativ vård i hemmet. Syfte: Litteraturstudiens syfte var att studera anhörigas upplevelser vid vård av en närstående i hemmet i livets slutskede. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en litteraturöversikt. Sju artiklar med kvalitativ design och en artikel med mixed design valdes ut genom sökning i databaserna CINAHL, PubMed och PsycINFO. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades och analyserades sedan med hjälp av kvalitativ manifest innehållsanalys. Resultat: Majoriteten av anhörigvårdarna var kvinnor. Resultatet visade i hög grad på att anhörigvårdare upplevde vårdandet av sin närstående svårt och påfrestande. Problem som nämns i resultatet är bland annat trötthet, oro och ångest, frustration, ilska och rädsla. Positiva aspekter framkom också och däribland uppgavs tillfredsställelse, stolthet och en känsla av att ha gjort det rätta. Konklusion: Anhörigvårdarna ses som en förutsättning för palliativ vård i hemmet. Bättre stöd och mer information från sjuksköterskan och övrig personal i teamet till anhöriga som vårdar en familjemedlem i hemmet i livets slutskede kan leda till ökad trygghet och delaktighet hos anhörigvårdarna. Forskningsmässigt är ämnet väl studerat, men kunskapen skulle behöva spridas till yrkesverksamma inom sjukvården.

Objetivo: Compreender a inserção dos idosos no Centro Dia para Idosos (CDI) sob a óptica de seus familiares. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa realizada em dois Centros Dia para Idosos particulares, um localizado na cidade de São Paulo e o outro no município de Suzano, e ambos possuem idosos com o perfil independentes até semidependentes. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre setembro e novembro de 2018, por meio de entrevistas com onze participantes, todas mulheres e cuidadoras familiares. A análise dos significados foi norteada pelo referencial teórico filosófico de Alfred Schütz. Resultados: A análise dos dados possibilitou-nos desvelar doze categorias motivacionais que traduzem a percepção do familiar sobre a inserção do idoso no CDI. As categorias concretas do vivido das motivações foram: a promoção de atividades que preservam a cognição e memória; a promoção do alívio da sobrecarga do cuidador e ao mesmo tempo o estímulo da socialização e a melhora na saúde; o sentimento de acolhimento do familiar e do idoso; a percepção da melhora no comportamento do idoso. Considerações finais: Os resultados deste estudo permitem ajudar outros cuidadores familiares que estão vivenciando a mesma situação com o seu idoso. O CDI auxilia no compartilhamento dos cuidados do idoso e consequentemente alivia os conflitos e a sobrecarga do cuidador familiar, além de melhorar as relações intra-familiares. É importante a atuação de profissionais preparados, como o Gerontólogo, com uma visão humanizada nos atendimentos e acompanhamentos aos cuidadores familiares no CDI. Ao longo da realização da pesquisa ficou evidente importância do CDI como um serviço de acolhimento ao idoso e a família, evitando a institucionalização / Objective: To understand the insertion of the elderly in the Senior Day Care Center (SDCC) from the perspective of their relatives. Method: Qualitative research carried out in two particular Senior Day Care Centers, one located in São Paulo and the other in Suzano, and both have elders with profiles from independent to semi-dependent. Data collection was performed between September and November of 2018, through interviews with eleven participants, all women and family caregivers. The analysis of the results was guided by Alfred Schütz philosophical theoretical framework. Results: Data analysis allowed us to unveil twelve motivational categories that reflect the perception of the relatives about the insertion of the elderly in the SDCC. The motivations concrete categories of what was experienced were: the promotion of activities that preserve cognition and memory; the reduction of the caregiver\'s amount of work and at the same time the stimulation of socialization and improvement in health; the family and the elders feeling of welcome; the perception of the improvement in the behavior of the elders. Final considerations: The results of this study may support other family caregivers who are experiencing the same situation. The SDCC helps to share the care of the elderly and consequently relieves the conflicts and the workload of family caregiving and also improves inner family relations. The performance of prepared professionals, such as the Gerontologist, is important, with a humanized view of care and follow-ups to the family caregivers in the SDCC. Throughout the research, the importance of SDCC as a welcoming service for the elderly was evident, avoiding institutionalization

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:30:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudiane Aparecida Guimaraes.pdf: 2983552 bytes, checksum: aba711518948193019418dfbe4debee0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / Cancer is a disease that causes great emotional imbalance, physical, social and spiritual in the patient and family, especially when it involves a child or adolescent. The family caregiver is the fundamental core of support throughout the disease process, being the key piece of the triad patient-family-health professionals. It features increased physical, emotional and social disorders as consequences of practical and emotional demands of treatment. This study describes and analyzes the coping process of family caregivers of children and adolescents with cancer, according to the Theory of Coping Motivational also assessing the impact of the disease in the family. The sample consisted of 4 mothers of children between 7 and 13 years, with cancer at different stages of the disease - [M1] diagnosis, [M2] treatment, maintenance [M3] and terminally [M4] - which were attended by a charity institution in a city named Uberaba, Minas Gerais state. Data were collected by the instruments: a) Economic Classification Criteria Brazil; b) PedsQLTM Family Impact Module [PedsQL-FIM], with 36 items, 8 dimensions; c) Interview Protocol on Coping Mothers of Children and adolescents with cancer, based on the Motivational Theory of Coping Scale-12 [MTC-12], with 34 issues; d) Responses to Stress Questionnaire - Cancer [RSQ-CA-PTC], with 57 items and e) Interview Protocol semi structured [PES], with 30 questions. Data were analyzed in qualitative and quantitative terms, making the description of cases, identifying the maternal beliefs, stressors and mother?s coping strategies [EE]. All families are impacted by the disease, differentially in relation to the stage of the disease, in descending order: M4 - M2 - M1 - M3, as shown by PedsQL-END. The dimensions with worse functioning were: Physical Functioning (M1); Daily Activities (M2); Relationships (M3) and Communication (M4). The biggest stressors are related to the difficulty of the case prognosis, lack of time and energy to devote to the family, financial difficulties, less often for M1 and more often for M4. The beliefs and values of mothers include feelings of self guilty or fatality of the disease, self-denial and self-neglect, with exclusive dedication to the child, miracle expectation, impotence and denial of death, for example. Stress responses were different according to the stages of the disease: M1- Voluntary Engagement for Secondary Control (Positive Thinking, Cognitive Restructuring and Acceptance); M2 and M3 - Voluntary Engagement for Primary Control (Problem Solution, Emotional Regulation and Emotional Expression); and M4 - Involuntary Engagement (Rumination, Intrusive Thoughts, Excitement Physiological, Emotional Excitement and Involuntary Action), according to RSQ-CA-PTC. Mothers use more adaptive coping strategies [EE] to deal with the situation, such as: Self-Confidence, Problem Solution, Search for Information and Accommodation, indicative of perceived challenge to Relationship needs, Competence and Autonomy. Other coping strategies [EE] used for the majority (N = 3) were: Search for Support, Negotiation (adaptive), Isolation and Submission (nonadaptive, with perceived threat). The data emphasize the need to assess and take care of the demands of this population, considering the stage of the disease and the psychological variables of the mother, assisting the process of coping with a major life stressors - the risk of death of the son. / C?ncer ? uma doen?a que gera grande desequil?brio emocional, f?sico, social e espiritual no paciente e na fam?lia, principalmente quando atinge uma crian?a ou adolescente. O cuidador familiar ? o n?cleo fundamental de apoio durante todo o processo da doen?a, sendo a pe?a-chave da tr?ade paciente-fam?lia-profissionais de sa?de. A ele cabe a maior sobrecarga f?sica, emocional e social, por centralizar as exig?ncias pr?ticas e emocionais do tratamento. Esta pesquisa descreveu e analisou o processo de enfrentamento de cuidadores familiares de crian?as e adolescentes com c?ncer, segundo a Teoria Motivacional do Coping, tamb?m identificando o impacto da doen?a na fam?lia. A amostra foi composta por 4 m?es de meninos de 7-13 anos, com c?ncer em fases distintas da doen?a diagn?stico [M1], tratamento [M2], manuten??o [M3] e terminalidade [M4] - os quais eram atendidos por uma institui??o beneficente de Uberaba, MG. Os dados foram coletados pelos instrumentos: a) Crit?rio de Classifica??o Econ?mica Brasil; b) PedsQLTM Family Impact Module [PedsQL-FIM], com 36 itens, em 8 dimens?es; c) Protocolo de Entrevista sobre Enfrentamento de M?es de Crian?as e Adolescentes com c?ncer, baseado na Motivational Theory of Coping Scale-12 [MTC 12], com 34 quest?es; d) Responses to Stress Questionnaire Cancer [RSQ-CA-PTC], com 57 itens; e e) Protocolo de Entrevista Semiestruturada [PES], com 30 quest?es. Os dados foram analisados qualitativos e quantitativamente, compondo a descri??o dos casos, com a identifica??o das cren?as maternas, estressores e estrat?gias de enfrentamento [EE] das m?es. Todas as fam?lias sofrem o impacto da doen?a, diferencialmente em rela??o ? fase da doen?a, em ordem decrescente: M4 M2 M1 M3, pelo PedsQL-FIM. As dimens?es com pior funcionamento foram: Funcionamento F?sico (M1); Atividades Di?rias (M2); Relacionamentos (M3) e Comunica??o (M4). Os maiores estressores relacionam-se ? dificuldade do progn?stico do caso, ? falta de tempo e energia para dedicar-se ? fam?lia e ?s dificuldades financeiras, com menor frequ?ncia para M1 e maior para M4. As cren?as e valores das m?es incluem a autoculpabiliza??o ou fatalidade da doen?a, abnega??o e autoneglig?ncia, com dedica??o exclusiva ao filho, expectativa de milagre, impot?ncia e nega??o da morte. As respostas ao estresse se diferenciaram segundo as fases da doen?a: M1- Engajamento Volunt?rio por Controle Secund?rio (Pensamento Positivo, Reestrutura??o Cognitiva e Aceita??o); M2 e M3 - Engajamento Volunt?rio por Controle Prim?rio (Resolu??o de Problemas, Regula??o Emocional e Express?o Emocional); e M4 - Engajamento Involunt?rio (Rumina??o, Pensamentos Intrusivos, Excita??o Fisiol?gica, Excita??o Emocional e A??o Involunt?ria), pelo RSQ-CA-PTC. As m?es recorrem mais EE adaptativas para lidar com a situa??o, como: Autoconfian?a, Resolu??o de problemas, Busca de informa??o e Acomoda??o, indicativas de percep??o de desafio ?s necessidades de Relacionamento, de Compet?ncia e de Autonomia. Outras EE utilizadas pela maioria (N = 3) foram: Busca de suporte, Negocia??o (adaptativas), Isolamento e Submiss?o (mal adaptativas, com percep??o de amea?a). Os dados evidenciam a necessidade de avaliar e atender ?s demandas dessa popula??o, considerando a fase da doen?a e as vari?veis psicol?gicas da m?e, auxiliando seu processo de enfrentamento de um dos maiores estressores de vida o risco de morte do pr?prio filho.

O cuidador familiar é aquela pessoa da família com ou sem experiência na área da saúde, que assume os cuidados ao familiar no domicílio, ajudando-o a suprir suas necessidades proporcionando conforto, lazer e garantindo o bem-estar a pessoa necessitada. Neste sentido este estudo caracteriza o cuidador familiar de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia gastro-intestinal de grande porte quanto a idade, sexo, religião, parentesco, estado marital, ocupação, grau de instrução e também quanto a pessoa que ajuda, experiências anteriores e tempo de dedicação aos cuidados. Outro objetivo proposto foi identificar os cuidados realizados no domicílio pelos cuidadores familiares quanto a higiene e conforto, sono e repouso, cuidados com a pele, cuidados com sondas e/ou drenos e/ou catéteres e/ou bolsas coletoras, alimentação e hidratação, eliminações intestinal e urinária, administração de medicamentos, atividade física e de lazer. Identifica, ainda, a utilização de materiais e equipamentos, bem como de adaptações feitas no ambiente físico no domicílio do doente e o uso de terapias complementares desenvolvidas para a realização do cuidado. Por fim, identifica as vias de contato utilizadas pelos cuidadores familiares voltadas para esclarecimento de dúvidas. É um estudo do tipo descritivo, exploratório, correlacional, de campo, longitudinal com abordagem quantitativa, constando de uma amostra de 15 cuidadores que residiam no município de São Paulo, tinham como cuidador principal alguém da família e concordavam em participar do estudo. Os dados foram coletados pela pesquisadora no período de janeiro a abril de 2001 no domicílio dos doentes em dois momentos, sendo o primeiro entre o 2o e 4o dia após a alta hospitalar e o segundo entre o 10o e 12o dias. O estudo mostrou que os cuidadores familiares deixaram de lado suas atividades profissionais ou não, para estarem disponíveis ao familiar durante o dia e a noite, realizando atividades até então só observadas durante a internação hospitalar. Durante as entrevistas constatou-se estarem inseguros, com dúvidas no cuidar, sozinhos, indecisos, inseguros, com dúvidas no cuidado, mas permaneciam firmes superando todos os obstáculos. / The familiar caregivers is the person from the family with or without experience in the health area that assumes the cares to the family in the home, helping her/him to provide their needs giving comfort, spare time and assuring the person well being. In this course this study characterizes the family caregiver of patients underwent to a large gastrointestinal surgery related to age, sex, religion, relationship, marital status, occupation, education level and about the person that care, her/his previous experiences and period of dedication to the cares. Another proposed aim was to identify the achieved cares in the home by family caregivers regarding to the hygiene and comfort, sleep and rest, skin cares, probe and/or drain and/or catheter and/or collect bag, nutrition and hydration, urinary and intestinal elimination, medicine administration, physical and spare time activities This study identifies yet the use of material and equipments as well as adaptation realized in the physical environment. In the patient home and the use of complementary therapies developed for the care realization. At last it identifies the contact ways used by family caregivers turned to the doubts explanation. It is a descriptive, exploratory, co-relational and longitudinal study, of field, with quantitative approach, consisting of a sample of 15 caregivers that lived in São Paulo City and that have as a main caregiver the family member and they agreed with participate of this study. Researcher collected the data in the period from January to April 2001, on patients home in two moments, being the first between the 2th and 4th day after the discharge from hospital. The second moment occurs between the 10th and 12th days. The study showed that the family caregivers have laid aside their professional activities or not aiming to be available to the family during the day and the night, realizing activities up until then only observed during the nosocomial admission. During the interviews it was verified that the caregivers were alone, hesitant, insecure, with doubts about the care, they have no one to help them, but they stay resolute to overcome difficulties.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:43:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PryscilaAG_DISSERT.pdf: 1907578 bytes, checksum: 7adf0d1e03fb28877666c2c5d3840938 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-28 / The Brazilian Constitution maintains that care for elderly people is a responsibility shared by the state, the family and the society. The politics for the elderly corroborate this understanding and treats home as a privileged place for elderly care taking. This determines the participation of the familiar as a caregiver, but highlights the lack of strategic assistance for the needs of the relative caregiver who feels helplessly and unattended in their responsibility for elderly homecare. In recent years , despite the recently pursuit for health and life quality, there is an increasing incidence of elderly patients with dementia diseases that lead to disability, the most common among then is the Alzheimer?s disease. This disease affects seriously and irreversibly cognition, memory and independence of the elderly, making it dependent on others to perform basic activities of daily life, for all his life. The present study aims to evaluate the perceptions and feelings of family caregivers of elders with Alzheimer on the role of caregiver. This is a qualitative study conducted with family caregivers of seniors with Alzheimer?s, caregivers linked to the group of the Specialized Care Center of the Elderly?s Health, located in Natal / RN. Through semi-structured interview research sought to investigate the perceptions of family caregivers on the role of caregiver, the feelings and the changes in the caregiver?s life since they assumed this role. The data were organized into categories and units of semantic analysis and analyzed using thematic content analysis by Bardin. The reports originated three categories: the perception of the role of caregiver, feelings related to the caregving and consequences of the caregiver role. Perceptions of caregivers of elderly from the requirement of dedication to the care generates losses in personal and professional life for the familiar who assumes this responsibility. The lack of family and social support, aggravates the burden of care for the dependent elderly. Public health politics for the elderly recognize the importance and needs of family caregivers, but not enough to provide support and meet the needs and assist them in supporting their limitations. The research results show the urgent need to take measures to assist the caregivers of seniors with Alzheimer, recognizing them as an action of promotion quality of life and health of the elderly and protection the health of the caregiver / A Constitui??o Federal Brasileira defende que o cuidado com o idoso ? uma responsabilidade compartilhada entre o Estado, a fam?lia e a sociedade. As Pol?ticas p?blicas voltadas ? pessoa idosa v?m corroborar com esse entendimento e apontam o domic?lio como um espa?o privilegiado para o cuidado do idoso. Isto determina a participa??o do familiar como cuidador, por?m destaca-se a aus?ncia de estrat?gias de assist?ncia voltadas ?s necessidades do cuidador familiar que se sente desamparado e desassistido na sua responsabilidade do cuidado com o idoso no domicilio. Nos ?ltimos anos, apesar da busca incessante pela sa?de e qualidade de vida, observa-se uma crescente incid?ncia de idosos com doen?as demenciais que levam ? incapacidade funcional, dentre elas destaca-se a doen?a de Alzheimer. Essa doen?a compromete de forma grave e irrevers?vel a cogni??o, mem?ria e independ?ncia do idoso, tornando-o dependente de terceiros para executar atividades b?sicas da vida di?ria, por toda sua vida. O presente estudo tem como objetivo conhecer a percep??o e os sentimentos dos cuidadores familiares de idosos com Alzheimer sobre o papel de cuidador. Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com cuidadores familiares de idosos com Alzheimer, vinculados ao grupo de cuidadores do Centro Especializado de Aten??o em Sa?de do Idoso, localizado em Natal/RN. Por meio de entrevista semiestruturada a pesquisa buscou investigar a percep??o dos cuidadores familiares sobre o papel de cuidador, os sentimentos e as mudan?as ocorridas na vida do cuidador ao assumir esse papel. Os dados foram organizados em categorias e unidades de an?lise sem?ntica e analisados pela t?cnica de an?lise de conte?do tem?tica, segundo Bardin. Os relatos originaram tr?s categorias: a percep??o do papel do cuidador; sentimentos relacionados ao cuidado e consequ?ncias do papel de cuidador. Na percep??o dos cuidadores de idosos a exig?ncia proveniente da dedica??o ao cuidado gera perdas na vida pessoal e profissional do familiar que assume essa responsabilidade. A falta de suporte, familiar e social, acentua a sobrecarga do cuidado ao idoso dependente. As Pol?ticas p?blicas de sa?de do idoso reconhecem a import?ncia e as necessidades dos familiares cuidadores, por?m n?o disponibilizam apoio e suporte suficiente para atender as necessidades e auxili?-los em suas limita??es. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram a urg?ncia na tomada de medidas de assist?ncia aos cuidadores de idosos com Alzheimer, reconhecendo-as como uma a??o de promo??o da qualidade de vida e sa?de do idoso e prote??o da sa?de do cuidador

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:47:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VirginiaSA_DISSERT.pdf: 1793737 bytes, checksum: 0015bbc976c10f7d7d61edcaf2f88355 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-26 / The aim of the present study was to understand the feelings and the difficulties faced by the family caregiver in the care of the person affected by Alzheimer`s Disease (AD). It is a descriptive, exploratory study with a qualitative approach, using the oral life history proposed by Bom Meihy as the method. Data collection was conducted in the Basic Health Unit of Candelaria, located in Natal -RN, with five collaborators that carry out the role of family caregivers for people affected by Alzheimer`s disease (AD) and are members of the Group "Caring for those who Care". Caregi vers who resided with the affected family member for at least one year were selected for the study, and as a collection tool, it was opted to use semi-structured interviews via a script of open questions, recorded by permission of the collaborators, then t ranscribed and subsequently returned to respondents for checking the contents described. To analyze the results, the collaborators narrative technique was used in conjuction with the specific literature on the subject.The discussions were organized around five themes inherent to the guiding questions, and defined as follows: the incorporation of the role of the family caregiver; life before and after assuming the role of caregiver, the caregiver`s feelings and attitudes after assuming the care, difficulti es in caring, participation of the group as a foundation for caregivers. The stories showed many difficulties in the daily routine of the caregivers, and also that their participation in the group "Caring for those who Care" helps them in maintaining the q uality of their lives. The results open possibilities for the construction of new forms of approach and care for the people who fulfill the role of family caregiver contributing to strengthening of subsidies that help them better face the daily difficulti es.This study helped shed light on the fact that being a family caregiver of a person affected by AD is a suffered, exhausting and stressful condition involving much self-denial in one?s life. The situation experienced by these collaborators is considered a public health issue, and thus highlights the urgency for governmental political -social actions, besides the programs of care and health promotion for this target group. / O presente estudo teve por objetivo compreender os sentimentos e as dificuldades enfrentadas pelo cuidador familiar no cuidado ? pessoa acometida pela Doen?a de Alzheimer. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, explorat?rio, com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando como m?todo a hist?ria oral de vida, proposto por Bom Meihy. A coleta dos dados foi realizada na Unidade B?sica de Sa?de de Candel?ria, situada em Natal-RN, com cinco colaboradores que desempenham papel de cuidadores familiares de pessoas acometidas pela Doen?a de Alzheimer (DA) e s?o integrantes do Grupo Cuidando de quem Cuida . Foram selecionados para o estudo, cuidadores que residiam com familiar acometido h? pelo menos um ano e, como instrumento de coleta, optou-se por entrevistas semiestruturadas atrav?s de roteiro de quest?es abertas em que as mesmas foram gravadas com permiss?o dos colaboradores, transcritas na ?ntegra e posteriormente devolvidas aos entrevistados para confer?ncia dos conte?dos descritos. Para a an?lise dos resultados, utilizou-se a t?cnica da narrativa dos colaboradores em interlocu??o com a literatura espec?fica sobre a tem?tica. As falas foram organizadas em torno de cinco temas inerentes ?s quest?es norteadoras e, assim definidos: a incorpora??o do papel de cuidador familiar; a vida antes e ap?s assumir o papel de cuidador; sentimentos e posicionamentos do cuidador ap?s assumir o cuidado; dificuldades no cuidado; participa??o do grupo como alicerce para os cuidadores. As hist?rias mostraram muitas dificuldades na rotina di?ria de vida desses cuidadores e a manuten??o da qualidade de suas vidas, atrav?s das participa??es no Grupo Cuidando de quem Cuida . Os resultados possibilitam a constru??o de novas formas de abordagem e cuidado ?s pessoas que desempenham o papel de cuidador familiar, ao contribuir para o fortalecimento de subs?dios que auxiliem no enfrentamento real das dificuldades di?rias. Tal estudo permitiu compreender que ser cuidador familiar de uma pessoa acometida pela DA ? uma condi??o sofrida, desgastante e estressante envolvendo muitas ren?ncias em suas vidas. Considera-se a situa??o vivenciada pelos colaboradores uma quest?o de sa?de p?blica e, assim, evidencia-se a prem?ncia de medidas governamentais de car?ter pol?tico-social, al?m de programas de aten??o e promo??o da sa?de ao referido p?blico alvo

Bakgrund: Minst var tredje person kommer under sin livstid att få en cancerdiagnos. Närstående till dessa personer kommer att spela en central roll i vårdandet. Att som närstående vårda beskrivs ofta som en stressande situation med psykiska och fysiska påfrestningar. Dessa påfrestningar hos närstående kan göra att de riskerar att drabbas av ohälsa. Hur dessa personer väljer att hantera situationen är individuellt och det är varje individs ansvar att se över sin hälsa och skapa strategier för att hantera dessa påfrestande situationer för att främja hälsan.   Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva vilka copingstrategier närstående som vårdar patienter med cancersjukdom använder för att bevara den psykosociala hälsan.   Metod: En litteraturöversikt där artiklarna analyserades enligt en analysmodell av Friberg (2012). Artiklar lästes igenom, med fokus på resultat, för att kunna identifiera nyckelfynd. Varje artikels resultat sammanställdes och relaterades till varandra för att få fram nya teman. Orems egenvårdsteori användes vid resultatdiskussionen.   Resultat: Resultatet presenteras i fem huvudteman; Vårdgivande och coping, Kognitiva copingstrategier, Normaliserande copingstrategier, Instrumentella copingstrategier och Psykosociala faktorer. Copingstrategier som framkom var omdirigering av tankar, positivt tänkande, tro, hopp, acceptans, upprätthålla rutiner, stark fasad, jämförelse, stöd och information. Andra områden som framkommer i resultatet är hur närstående utvecklar copingstrategier och förutsättningar för att uppleva stöd, vinster med vårdgivande och coping samt relationen till hälso- och sjukvården.   Slutsats: Resultatet visar en variation på användandet av copingstrategier samt skillnader och likheter i förhållande till dessa. Den enskilda individens erfarenheter och kunskaper spelar också roll vid utveckling av dessa. Copingstrategier tycktes även vara knutna till individens personliga resurser samt egna färdigheter. / Background: At least every third person will be diagnosed with cancer during his/hers lifetime. Relatives, familymembers and friends to these persons will play a central role in caring. Being a care giving relative, a family member or a friend to a person diagnosed with cancer, is often described as a stressful situation with both mental and physical strain. These strains in close relationships may lead to poor health. How each caregiver chooses to handle the situation is individual and he/she has a responsibility to self-assess health and create strategies to promote these stressful health situations.   Aim: The purpose of the study was to describe which coping strategies relatives, familymembers or friends who care for patients with cancer disease use to maintain psychosocial health.   Method: A literature review where the articles were evaluated with an analysis model according to Friberg (2012). Articles were read trough, focusing on results, to identify key findings. The results of each article were compiled and related to each other in order to develop new themes. Orem's self-care theory was applied to the resultdiscussion.   Result: The results were presented in five main themes; Caregiving and coping, Cognitive coping strategies, Normalizing coping strategies, Instrumental coping strategies and Psychosocial factors. Coping strategies that emerged were redirecting thoughts, positive thinking, faith, hope, acceptance, maintaining routines, strong facade, comparison, support, and information. Other areas found in the results are how relatives, familymembers or friends develop coping strategies and conditions for experiencing support, benefits with care and coping and the relationship with healthcare professionals.   Conclusion: The results show a variation in the use of coping strategies as well as differences and similarities in relation to these. Individual's experiences and knowledge play a part in the development of these copingstrategies. Which coping strategies individuals choose also seemed to be linked to their personal resources as well as own skills.

The thesis is a part of the project called Coordinated rehabilitation of the patients with the brain injury (reg. n. GAJU 138/20146/S). The objective of this work is to find out what needs the families of patients with the brain injury have. This thesis has a theoretical and a practical part. According to research set consisting of 14 caregivers of patients after cerebrovascular accident and only one that cares about a patient after cranial trauma, the theoretical part describes a CMP characteristic, coordinated rehabilitation, the basic terms about family and the chosen concepts of needs. Based on the objective of the thesis, the research question was stated: What are the needs of family members who care about the patients with the brain injury in the home environment? The research was made by the qualitative strategy and the semi-structured interviews with the family members in South Bohemia region who cares about the people with the brain injury in the home environment. It was important that people with the brain injury have already been joined to the project. The interviews were done in the application called Atlas.ti. According to the analysis of the collected data, there are 9 main needs that are connected to each other. Concretely, it is a need of a care about the patient, about the house, the need of a family help, the need of professional and social services, economic security and quicker help by the social service, furthermore the need of free time, psychological well-being and being in touch with the society. The results of this thesis are a part of the complex results of the project GAJU called Coordinated rehabilitation of patients with the brain injury (ref. n. GAJU 138/20146/S). The analysis of the needs of family members was used to propose the solutions/saturation of the needs in order to influence the real life of interviewers.