Denna studie undersöker hur svensk dagspress återger debatten om medicinsk ål-dersbedömning av ensamkommande barn. Studien sträcker sig från januari 2010 till mars 2017. Studiens syfte är att undersöka vilka argument som varit framträ-dande i debatten som förts och studera huruvida det skett en förändring i debat-ten över tid. För att uppnå detta har jag utfört en kvalitativ textanalys av artiklar som är publicerade av tre stora svenska dagstidningar. För att analysera huvudar-gumenten i debatten har jag därefter använt mig av mitt teoretiska ramverk som består av tidigare forskning relaterat till ämnet samt av teorin, agenda-setting the-ory. Agenda-setting theory påvisar att media har betydelse för vilka frågor som blir av politiskt intresse men även vad allmänheten kommer att betrakta som ett socialt problem. Dessutom visar teorin att detta i sin tur kan påverka hur allmän-heten förhåller sig till den retorik som är dominerande. Det teoretiska ramverket bidrar till studiens tillförlitlighet och tjänar som ett analytiskt verktyg i enlighet med studiens syfte. Resultatet av denna studie antyder att rapporteringen av me-dicinsk åldersbedömning av ensamkommande barn har förändrats under den granskande perioden, i slutet av studien dominerade kravet på att utföra medi-cinska åldersbedömningar av ensamkommande barn. Dessutom framställs ensam-kommande barn som strategiska migranter som ljuger om deras ålder och utgör ett hot mot viktiga svenska normer och värderingar. / This study examine how Swedish daily newspapers are reporting on the issue of medical age estimation of unaccompanied children. The time-period for this study is January 2010 to March 2017. The purpose of this study is to analyze which ar-guments that have been predominate in the debate and if the debate changed in its nature during the time-period for this study. To answer the research questions, I have performed a qualitative text analysis of articles published in three major newspapers in Sweden. I identified the main arguments in the articles, correlating to the issue of medical age estimation and later applied the theoretical framework to analyze the content and bearing of the different arguments. My theoretical framework consists of previous research relevant to this study and the agenda-setting theory. Agenda-setting theory states that the media has an impact on which issues that become of political interest but also on what the public will re-gard as a social problem. Furthermore, it shows how this could influence how the public view problems and act according to the dominant rhetoric. The framework ensure that the research is credible and guides the analysis in a systematic way ac-cording the purpose of the study. The result of this study implies that the reporting of medical age estimation of unaccompanied children has changed over the years following a rhetoric that call for a changed practice, in other words, the use of more medical age estimations. Furthermore, unaccompanied minors, are presented as calculating adults, whom are lying about their age, and oppose as a threat to important Swedish values.

This qualitative study adopts a criminological perspective to investigate how newspaper headlines surrounding western-raised female Foreign Terrorist Fighters (FTFs) are being framed by the British media. This investigation employs a case study approach, to thematically analyse how narratives surrounding a high profile British FTF, Shamima Begum, were framed by headlines of British newspapers once she requested repatriation to the United Kingdom (UK) after four years as a FTF in Syria. When Begum left UK in 2015, aged 15, the media narrative leant towards suggestions of Begum being considered to be a victim. Therefore, this study looks at how the more recent newspaper headlines frame Begums more complex narrative in 2019 when the UK was faced with the conundrum as to how to respond the repatriation request of a British-born female FTF who was also heavily pregnant at the time. Therefore, the focused timeframe of the study is from February 2019, until August 2019. Only the headlines of British newspapers were examined to see how the snapshot of the framed narratives surrounding Begum during this time were presented. The aim was to investigate from a criminological perspective whether the choice of framing was creating a societal perception as to whether the FTF is a perpetrator or victim, according to the societal “trial by media” that newspapers often inspire. Whilst objectivity is always an issue, this study is not designed to make any judgment either way in regards to the Begum case or her agency in her FTF experience but to simply raise awareness as to how narrative around perpetrators or victims can create societal and individual biases and can serve to reduce or increase fear of the “other”. This study demonstrated that the framing chosen by the media increases the level of bias with the focus on the security risk and punishment aspects of the discussion surrounding Begums situation. This is important to be aware of as this in turn significantly contributes to greater racial, ethnic or religious tension within society. Unless we address how perpetrators and victims are discussed, then we increase the risk of greater racial, ethnic or religious tension within society which can create a multitude of other societal and criminological issues.

Previous research has shown a difference on the athletes’ portrayal based on gendered language use on television broadcasting of sporting events. A content analysis on the 2018 Tennis US Open Championship Weekend for both men’s and women’s tennis matches explains the structure of the broadcasting commentating done by the network that has the rights to this tournament. The study looks at different categories of the content of the comments and the descriptors that are used to refer to both female and male athletes. Framing and priming theories were the theoretical frameworks for this study. Findings revealed no significant change was observed with athletic skill and strategy-based comments for either gender. The findings also showed that descriptors related to emotionality were more common in the commentary with women.

Title: Media framing of the Norilsk oil spill Author: Daria Tsymbal Supervisor: Mgr. Jan Miessler, Department of Media Studies, Institute of Communication Studies and Journalism (ICSJ) Abstract: This study examines how the Norilsk oil spill in May 2020 was framed within four factors of Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT): 1. Severity of the damage; 2. Crisis responsibility; 4. Crisis history; 5. Relationship history. Also, this study examines how media ownership and closeness of the media to the government influence the framing of Norilsk Oil Spill. Using content analyses, three Russian newspapers were analyzed - Novaya Gazeta, Rossiyskaya Gazeta, and Kommersant. The results demonstrated differences in usage and frequency of frames according to media ownership and closeness to the government. Also, findings revealed that there are differences in framing concerning time frame. This thesis provides evidence that four factors in SCCT concepts (Severity of the damage, Crisis responsibility, Crisis history, Relationship history) can serve as frames in media framing analyses of crises. In addition, this study provides information for crisis managers and media professionals on how one particular crisis may be differently framed in different newspapers. Keywords: Media, crisis communication,...

This study offers the framing analysis of local and foreign-based media on the coverage of "Rohingya: Gambia files case against Myanmar at ICJ" for over nine months period and examines the bias in their new contents and attention to the case. Evaluation of the number of coverage published by each media shows that local media do not pay as much attention as foreign-based media, and undermines the seriousness of the issue. Moreover, the finding highlights that the news representation of local media is evidently in favor of the Myanmar government in support of iconic national leader - Aung San Suu Kyi while abetting in covering up the violent action of the Myanmar military. Findings also suggest that foreign- based media covered the case most with genocide frame whereas self-defense frame was the most popular one in the coverage of local media. This study employed comparative content analysis to detect the bias and observe the different framings of media. Keywords: Bias, Frames, media frames, Framing theory, Myanmar, Rakhine, Bangladesh.

In this thesis I examine precarity and necropolitics in the context of a religious institution namely the Jehovah’s witnesses. I specifically examine the conditions of LGBTI-children by the use of framing and the Jehovah’s witnesses own published material. I apply central concepts from Judith Butler’s and Achille Mbembe’s theories on precarity and necropolitics in order to explain what it means to not be born precarious and to explain Jehovah’s witnesses stand on homosexuality. I also develop and test my own theoretical framework that there are two types of institutions; institutions and shadow institutions in which death is distributed in the latter. I also develop a methodology from which these institutions can be distinguished.   The results show that the theories of Judith Butler, Achille Mbembe and my own theory on shadow institutions are indeed compatible and are united in a sort of necroprecarity. My results also show that there is a way to distinguish totalitarian and extremist groups from democratic groups by the use of framing and my theory of shadow institutions. My thesis also highlights the importance of anti-integration for people existing in a non-living state.   This thesis offers a new methodology and can therefore be seen as a first step towards knotting together groups and organizations such as political extremist groups, criminal gangs, dictatorships and religious cults under the umbrella of shadow institutions. Which by itself can be the foundation for a new field of research. By distinguishing institutions from shadow institutions this methodology can be seen as a tool to counteract anti-democratic movements in order to create a more peaceful and stable society.

Equivalence based instruction (EBI) has been demonstrated as an effective method for teaching various skills to a wide range of clinical and non-clinical populations. Recent research suggests deictic framing, or perspective switching skills, can be taught to typically and atypically developing children using an EBI teaching paradigm, however the protocols for teaching deictic framing tend to be very long. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a brief EBI and errorless learning program to teach deictic framing to a young woman with learning disabilities. A secondary purpose of this study was to determine if training on one deictic framing program would improve responding on skills that involve other deictic frames. The participant completed a pre and post-test before and after mastering one of four tested EBI programs. Results indicate that EBI is effective in teaching deictic frames, as derived relations emerged following training. The participant’s performance on other skills did not improve. These results also lend support to multiple exemplar teaching. Limitations and future directions for research are discussed.

TikTok is a newly established social media platform with a lot of active and young users. On the app all kinds of political and controversial subjects get discussed, but how these are received, shared and interacted with are not something that we know a lot about today. The purpose of the study is to see how the news of the american presidential election and the abortion debate are being framed on the social media platform TikTok, as well as seeing what types of subjects within these debates are getting the most attention. This study did a quantitative content analysis, examining 600 analysis units. These have been divided into two TikToks hashtags, called #Abortionban and #Election2020. With 300 videos per hashtag, these have been further divided into popular videos versus unpopular videos – 150 per each. The videos are mostly framed as negative or neutral for the most part on both the hashtags, but the abortionban hashtag is more critical and also more emotional than the Election2020 hashtag. As the Election2020 hashtag leaned in almost all instances towards being more neutral and emotional but not at all critical. Barely one third of the 300 videos in the Election2020 hashtag was critical, while the majority of the abortionban hashtag, marking 80 percent, was critical. This was the biggest difference between the two hashtags, as well as the Abortionban hashtag being much more emotional, but the difference there was not as noticable. The most prominent subjects discussed within the hashtags were the same both within the popular and the impopular videos, and had a lot in common. For example on the Abortionban hashtag the subjects prochoice and prolife were both very prominent in the popular and unpopular videos, as well as voting and humour for the Election2020 hashtag. Which shows that some subjects get discussed no matter the interaction they get from their audiences, and are often subjects that the general public has a lot of thoughts on, as well as for being discussed in other media.

The aim of this essay is to identify frames found in previous research on US media reporting on Black Lives Matter in two Swedish national newspapers, Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter. Other frames not found in US media were also identified. This analysis is essential as it is important to understand how societal challenges and problems are framed by the media, telling the public what the problem is and how it can be solved, shaping norms and opinions. A quantitative and qualitative content analysis is performed to answer the research questions; 1) The frames in US media: anti-black, pro-white, stereotype and episodic, are they found in Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter news articles during the period May 25th to June 25th? 2) How are the frames solidarity, anti-racism, violent demonstrations and police brutality used in Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter? 3) Are there episodic and thematic frames in Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter during the period?  We make use of Shanto Iyengar’s theory on episodic and thematic, Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw's agenda-setting theory and Robert Entman's framing theory. The essay concludes that frames used in US media are not used at all or only used in a very limited number of articles. The result also shows that other frames, not previously used in US media, dominated the Swedish reporting. The last result shows that the episodic frame dominates the articles. Our hope is that this essay complements the current research area with a Swedish perspective on how the media frame the Black Lives Matter movement.

Dissertation (MA (Drama and Film Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2002. / Drama / unrestricted