Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur skolpersonal på högstadiet upplever sig kunna stärka skyddsfaktorer hos ungdomar som har föräldrar med missbruksproblematik, samt vilken hjälp som finns att ge dessa ungdomar i skolan. Metoden som använts är kvalitativ forskningsansats med inriktning på hermeneutik. För att få fram resultatet har semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts och transkribering samt meningskoncentrering av materialet gjorts. Resultatet visade på att det finns en hel del hjälpinsatser att ge, exempelvis mentorskontakt, extra läxhjälp och samverkan med socialtjänst och andra myndigheter. Mellan dessa önskas dock en mer öppen sekretess från lärarnas sida för att underlätta arbetet med ungdomarna. Det råder kunskapsbrist hos många lärare kring just missbruksproblematik, och kunskap om detta är någonting som var önskvärt hos flertalet intervjupersoner. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten i studien är relationella perspektivet då denna berör hur viktigt det är med relationen mellan lärare och elev. I resultatet framkom det att relationen är grunden till att eleverna ska må bra, och en positiv relation medför att ungdomarna har det lättare att öppna upp sig och prata om jobbiga situationer.

In this thesis, the issue of school success of clients from children's homes from the perspective of the Czech and foreign studies and from the perspective of clients and carers in children's homes is studied. Work includes results of a qualitative survey, which was made by the technique of semi-sctructured in-depth interviews, analyzed by using grounded theory. The aim of the research is to examine on bases of the statement of current and former clients of children's homes and their carers, which factors have the greatest impact on client's success in the educational process within the frame of secondary and tertiary education and make this a guidance for pedagogical work. Results show that from the perspective of both sides, length of educational influence in children's home is generally considered as a positive factor ("making mutual pathway with the carer"). Influence of the biological family members and client's contact with them is considered as a negative factor. Children's home clients attach much greater positive importance to amicable relationship with their carer and his empathy with the emphasis on mutual trust. Also space for client's independent decision making is essential. Carers, on the other side, attribute greater positive impact to their systematic pedagogical work - especially...

Home environment should be accesible, barrier free and safe for people with disabilities. There is one possibility how to achieve these conditions the possibility is to let an occupational therapist to assess your home environment. The main parts of occupational therapy are: evaluation of home environment, suggesting of reconstrucitons needed and recommendations about helping aids. Environment is according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health one of the factors which are very important. The main goal of this diploma thesis was to design new evaluation of home environment of people with acquired brain injury made according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Partial goals were: to identify barriers of home environment, to determine facilitators which are already existing and to suggest helping aids and reconstructions if it is necessary. All for achieving the best quality of self-sufficiency of client. Theoretical part is about acquired brain injury, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, issues of evaluation of home environment and assessments which are already existing. Practical part describes the proces of creation of evaluation and intervetions in home environment. Both described by case...

Traditional architectural and urban artefacts are showed over the centuries as a powerful imprint of human actions and practices and are being developed on the basis of concrete socio-cultural factors and environmental rationalities. Spatial and morphological patterns of traditional environments have exceedingly evolved to fulfill and accomplish the social and cultural needs of the populace in their dialectical interplay with the surrounding environment. This relationship conceptualises the man-made environment, as the repository of meaning, in users‟ reciprocal relation with the surrounding environment. In the context of history, the human tends to dwell when experiencing the built environment as meaningful. Traditional contexts are highlighted as physical and spatial interpretations of human activities, skills, thoughts and resources creating identifiable and meaningful realms related to space/place, time and society. The study uncovers the process of the formation of the house and mahalla in order to shed light on how the built environment responds to inhabitants‟ socio-cultural determinants and everyday lives. It unfolds how changes in the nature of Iraqi society and its priorities affect the architecture of home and mahalla by reference to the impact of modernity with all its alien socio-cultural principles. This thesis focuses on the architecture of home and mahalla within the traditional core of Kadhimiya city and similar Iraqi socio-cultural contexts. At the macro analytical level, the research investigates the spatial and physical formation of the mahalla as a whole through detecting the socio-spatial aspects of its realms, and how its spontaneous form has responded to the socio-cultural aspects of the community in an integral pattern. At the micro level, the research will go deeper in the perception of the basic aspects of the individual and the family. It investigates how the traditional house reflects and satisfies the personal values of the individual, and achieves his socio-cultural beliefs and everyday life on the basis of inherent norms and conventions. In this vein, public, semi-public/private and private domains are investigated to highlight the mutual interplay between these spheres as key factors in understanding the architecture of the house and mahalla. The research discusses indigenous aspects and principles contained or embedded in the structure of the traditional environment, such as privacy, social solidarity and stability, neighbourliness and so on. It reveals insight into the male-female relationship in the social life of the traditional context, and how the position of women and their idle qualities impact the structure of the house and the hierarchical sequence and organisation of spaces. Identity, tradition, sustainability and everyday life are the main fields discussed with a specific end goal to outline and uncover the role of social factors, cultural beliefs and daily practices in the creation of this particular form. Building on these values, the research adopts an interpretive historical method in revealing the characters of the traditional environment referring to residents‟ habits, customs, rituals and traditions. Several approaches to the built and home environment are discussed for paving or detecting reliable one in the methodological inquiry within which many tools and methods have been utilised and used i.e. archival records, interviews, historical narratives, personal observation and photographic surveys. Data generated consists of photos, maps, interviewees‟ comments, analytical diagrams and historical and travellers‟ descriptions. Research findings indicate many of the inherent and underlying principles upon which the architecture of Iraqi traditional house depends. Within this context, the study has tried to unfold how the formation of the traditional house and the mahalla responded to the socio-cultural aspects of the community and the daily life of its members. Findings, concerning the design principles of the traditional mahalla, were realised as indigenous norms and standards embedded in the structure of society, which can be useful for architects, designers and planners to reconcile traditional and contemporary urban forms through the application of former rules and conventions in City‟s conservation or redevelopment plans. The study reveals that the traditional environment had less socio-cultural contradictions, active day-to-day practices and clear, identifiable and meaningful identity compared with contemporary built environments. Research findings, thus, lead to a set of relevant recommendations addressed to many of the community categories, architects, planners, stakeholders and those interested in this field. They aim to promote the impressive role of socio-cultural factors and strengthen users‟ competence in their physical and spatial settings for home. Moreover, research recommendations discuss how social factors, cultural values, beliefs, practices and rituals can be re-employed in our approach to achieving a more sustainable living environment. Recommendations relating to identity and tradition aim to draw attention and shed light on the significance of traditional built environments in the development of special identity, which played a big role in the sustainability of these contexts for centuries.

The purpose of this study was twofold; to investigate the relationships between the musical development of two- and three-year-old girls and their mothers' musical backgrounds and the music in their home environments; and to investigate the significance of the differences in the musical development of two- and three-year-old girls with reference to their socio-economic status (SES) and ethnicity. The relationships between the musical development of all subjects and music in the home environment were positive, rendering correlation coefficients that were statistically significant. These statistical inferences indicated that the musical home environment (the product of the mother, the father, and other adults, and the availability of musical items and activities) has the strongest relationship to the musical development of the young child. This influence begins before the age of two and continues during the third year. It was also hypothesized that there would be a significant difference in the musical development of the two- and three- year- old girls with reference to SES and ethnicity. Analysis of variance was employed to ascertain these differences. The subjects remained in age groups and were statistically regrouped by SES and ethnicity for these analyses. From the inferences rendered by these analyses, neither SES nor ethnicity made statistically significant differences in the musical development of these young girls.

<p>Arbetet handlar om att skapa en mönsterkollektion för Eco-Boråstapeter. Kollektionen består av fem mönster som behandlar struktur, volym, rörelse och rytm. Tapeterna trycks med djuptrycksmetod på slätt bestruket non woven-papper. Målgruppen är unga designintresserade människor. En designprocess utifrån en inspirationsfas redovisas som består av experimentella filmer (Grey Gardens, Gummo och The Brown Bunny) och av fotografier tagna under promenader i Växjö. Hemmiljöer och synen på tapeter behandlas utifrån målgruppens, inredningsarkitektens och designerns perspektiv. Arbetet fokuserar också på Eco-Boråstapeters industri, produktion och miljökrav.</p> / <p>The project is about creating a wallpaper collection of five patterns for Eco-Boråstapeter. The collection consists of five patterns dealing with structure, volume, movement and rhythm. Printing method of the wallpapers is deep print on plain coated non woven paper. The target group is young people interested in design. The design process is based on an inspiration phase which consisted of watching experimental films (Grey Gardens, Gummo and The Brown Bunny) and photographs that were taken during walks around Växjö Lake. Home environments and the perceptions of wallpapers are treated from the target group, the designer and the interior arcitect’s perspective. The project also focuses on the industry, production and environmental issues of Eco-Boråstapeter.</p>

Arbetet handlar om att skapa en mönsterkollektion för Eco-Boråstapeter. Kollektionen består av fem mönster som behandlar struktur, volym, rörelse och rytm. Tapeterna trycks med djuptrycksmetod på slätt bestruket non woven-papper. Målgruppen är unga designintresserade människor. En designprocess utifrån en inspirationsfas redovisas som består av experimentella filmer (Grey Gardens, Gummo och The Brown Bunny) och av fotografier tagna under promenader i Växjö. Hemmiljöer och synen på tapeter behandlas utifrån målgruppens, inredningsarkitektens och designerns perspektiv. Arbetet fokuserar också på Eco-Boråstapeters industri, produktion och miljökrav. / The project is about creating a wallpaper collection of five patterns for Eco-Boråstapeter. The collection consists of five patterns dealing with structure, volume, movement and rhythm. Printing method of the wallpapers is deep print on plain coated non woven paper. The target group is young people interested in design. The design process is based on an inspiration phase which consisted of watching experimental films (Grey Gardens, Gummo and The Brown Bunny) and photographs that were taken during walks around Växjö Lake. Home environments and the perceptions of wallpapers are treated from the target group, the designer and the interior arcitect’s perspective. The project also focuses on the industry, production and environmental issues of Eco-Boråstapeter.

According to the Swedish preschool policy documents all children should have the same opportunities to develop their early language skills regardless of their social background. The purpose of this study is to investigate how preschool teachers work with children's early literacy and language development with focus on reading aloud. The reason is to investigate how the preschool teachers work to create an environment that stimulates children's literacy and language development. Another intention is to study how often reading aloud occurs in the children's home environment and what the preschool teachers thoughts are about that. The study is based on interviews with four preschool teachers and surveys that were answered by parents. This study's theoretical perspective is based on development and learning occuring through social contexts.The conclusions of the study is that the preschool teachers find it very important for the children to get their early literacy and language development stimulated and that they work to create an environment that fulfills this. The preschool teachers were not sure about if reading aloud in the children's home environment occurred. Whether or not, if reading aloud occurs at home the teachers believe that children will get their early language development and literacy at the preschool anyway. The surveys showed that all the parents read to their children at least once a week and it seemed that they thought it was meaningful. Key words: Social background, early language development, literacy, reading aloud, home environment. Nyckelord: Social bakgrund, tidig språkutveckling, litteracitet, högläsning, hemmiljö

Bakgrund: En av grunderna för den palliativa vården är patienten, att patienten trots sin svåra situation får uppleva en god livskvalitet. Känsla av kontroll är även det en grund för den palliativa vården, vilket kan påverkas av personcentrerad vård. Vid en väl uppfylld personcentrerad vård kan en känsla av kontroll infinna sig hos patienten, vilket är en stor betydande del i den annars något svårt greppbara situationen. Syfte: Syftet är att sammanställa tidigare forskning om upplevelser hos patienter som erhåller palliativ vård i sitt eget hem. Metod: Detta är en litteraturöversikt som är baserad på 15 olika artiklar. Datainsamlingen har skett via sökningar i databaserna PubMed och CINAHL och är systematiskt analyserade innan de är sammanställda i resultatet. Resultat: Majoriteten av patienterna upplevde den palliativa vården i hemmet som positiv, vårdpersonalen ansågs vara trevliga, pålästa och engagerade. Patienterna poängterade även att för att behålla en god livskvalitet var en grundläggande del att patientens personlighet fick bevaras, att patienten ses som en person och inte som sin sjukdom. Det var också viktigt för patienterna att de fick känna sig självständiga och behövda. Konklusion: Patienterna upplevde att de blev väl omhändertagna samt att deras önskan sattes i fokus. För att detta skall uppnås var det viktigt att sjuksköterskan uppmuntrade och lyfte patientens åsikter, behov och vilja. / Background: One of the fundamentals of palliative care is the patient, to give the patient a decent quality of life despite their difficult situation. A sense of control is another essential part of palliative care, this can be obtained by person centered care. By well performed person centered care the patient may feel like they are in control, which is important in a situation that otherwise can be hard to handle. Aim: The aim of this study was to state previous research on how patients experiences palliative care in their own home. Methods: This is a literature review based on 15 articles. The articles who were found in the databases PubMed and CINAHL is systematically analyzed before they were compiled in the result. Results: The majority of patients experiences the palliative care in their own home as positive, they thought that the staff was kind, well prepared and committed. The patient also pointed that the essential part to maintain a good quality of life was to retaining the patients personality, and that the patient are being seen as a person and not as their disease. Other important things for the patients was to feel independent and to have a feeling of being needed. Conclusions: The patients felt that they were taken care of in a good way and that their wishes about their care was prioritized. For this to be achieved, the nurse encourages the patient's opinions, needs and will.

The present thesis which focuses on the needs of people with dementia and the support of their independent living in the home environment was written within the framework of the PhD study in Longevity at the Faculty of Humanities, Charles University, GAČR project co- researcher and AZV participated in during post gradual studies. Presented research focuses on the needs of home dwelling people with dementia, the needs of their informal carers, the needs and experiences with providing care of patients with dementia in acute hospital care. The text of the thesis is divided into four parts, which are based on texts reviewed and published or prepared for publication. The first three parts present own research aimed at identifying the needs of people with dementia and experiences with caring of them in their home environment and in the hospital environment during acute care. The final part presents the possibilities and services to support their independent life in their own environment.