The aim of this study was to examine how Abbas Rezai, the first male victim of honor- related violence that received media attention in Sweden, was portrayed in swedish news journalism. The questions examined were: How was Abbas Rezai and the perpetrators portrayed in swedish news journalism and how did the portrayal of the characters change over time. We made a critical discourse analysis with Faircloughs model as a base. We examined fourteen articles from a morning paper and a tabloid, during a period of six years. The result showed that Abbas Rezai was portrayed as a honest, considerate and innocent victim, which makes him relatable to the western world. But regardless of the good portrayal noted, however, that he is all this despite the fact that he is an "Afghan asylum seeker". Which makes the news reporting ambiguous, and leaves Abbas Rezai on the borderline between “us” and “them”. When it comes to the perpetrators they are portrayed as heartless, brutal and uneducated. Which by the reporting manifests itself in their cultural and religious background. During the six-years-period that we studied, we noticed that the reporting of one of the perpetrators changed remarkably. He goes from a coldblooded murderer to a victim of his own culture. Which has its explanation in the constant flow of new information. The biggest difference we found between the morning paper and the tabloid was how they selected their sources. The morning paper focused on confirmed fact from the police and the court, meanwhile the tabloid more often choose unconfirmed sources. Our study overall shows that news reporting are producing and re-creating stereotypes and preconceptions.

This is a scoping review about honor-related violence based on nine articles published by researchers and one report from a Swedish authority, and the aim of this study was to examine how the subject was described in existing literature. We did a concept analysis of the reviewed literature and these concepts where analyzed in relation to symbolic interactionism and intersectional theories. Honor-related violence is a phenomenon that during the 21st century has been acknowledged globally and is known to especially affect women. The result of the scoping review showed that the factors that are most claimed to result in honor-related violence differ. From a cultural point of view advocates claim that the honor is collective and it is also the most significant in a person’s life, thus when someone in the collective acts against what is subscribed to subsidise honor the whole collective is affected and the one who stripped the collective of its honor needs to be punished. The universal, also known as structural, point of view claims that honor-related violence is part of patriarchal structures and thus can be positioned as part of gender-based violence against women, where the aim of the violence is to maintain male dominance. However, this point of view does not explain why also women can be perpetrators in the name of honor, and neither does it explain why men can become victim of honor-related violence and honor-killings. The violence that is exerted is above all consisting of mental abuse such as symbolic violence and threats of different degrees. Physical abuse also occurs and in the most extreme cases an honor-killing takes place. The result also showed gaps in existing knowledge where more research should be done regarding boys and young men as victims of honor-related violence and women as perpetrators of honor-related violence.

The aim of this study was to describe and analyze the terms for lgbtq people in an honor context. Qualitative, semi-structured interviews have been conducted with six people who identify with the lgbtq community and who describe that they have been exposed to honor related norms. The interviews were analyzed using Stockholms stads model about the staircase of honor and Suad Joseph's theory of connectivity. The results show that due to partly methodological shortcomings, it is difficult to determine whether the target group has been exposed to honor related norms or not. This is partly due to the fact that too few questions were asked about how the honor was expressed, but also to the fact that it is difficult to determine whether the target group is exposed to violence due to honor or due to heteronorms. Despite this, there are similarities between the interviewees and previous literature on the target group in terms of vulnerability, strategies and consequences. The conclusion is therefore that further research on the target group is needed to be able to more easily determine when people in the target group have been exposed to honor related norms or not.

This qualitative study focuses on counselors' views on honor-based violence and oppressionwith the purpose of comprehending how they perceive the phenomenon and how they identifyit when working with clients. The counselors' workplace conditions and their perceivedknowledge about the subject were also studied. We conducted semi-structured interviews withseven counselors in Sweden and a thematic analysis was conducted alongside Durkheim andLipsky’s theories to further deepen the analysis of the results. The results were divided intothree parts, each containing two to three identified themes and representing the study’squestions: the definition of honor culture, workplace conditions and state of knowledge. Theresults showed that counselors mainly defined honor culture as a structure with strong normsand gender roles, some of them related the phenomenon to religion and other ethnic cultures.The results also showed how the counselors identify honor-based violence when working withclients and that the workload experienced by the counselors influenced their probability ofkeeping up with new guidelines in their work. Honor-based violence and oppression weredescribed as difficult to identify in clients.

The purpose of this study has been to understand and theorize the phenomenon of honor andhonor-systems. Honor-systems has been a widely discussed theme by different outsources.Throughout the last 20 years there has been many cases of murders rooted in the preservationof one’s honor and reputation. To understand the different factors behind honor-system,relevant theories have been carefully selected to fit the theme and direction of this study. Thechoice of method for this paper has been a qualitative literature study where the author hasexamined previous papers, reports, and other relevant studies to get an understanding of thesubject. Then the result was analyzed by two theories, a cultural theory, and a theory ofintersectionality. While researching the subject of honor-system, it has become clear that thefield of honor-systems is a researched field, there are multiple reports on the matter. Insummary the result showed that in honor-systems the biggest victim is often, women as theyare both the victim of violence and control and as the same time perpetrators. In differentcultures there are different expectations on females and males, and in in honor-systems thesystem is run as a patriarchal one. There were some key differences between the two theorieswhen trying to understand honor-systems and especially when trying to understand a culturesimpact on the individual. It has become clear that the systems of honor affect many people insociety.

Tidigare forskning visar att hedersrelaterat förtryck och våld försätter individer i extremt utsatta positioner. Det finns även en komplexitet i att bekämpa hedersrelaterat förtryck och våld i moderna och sekulariserade samhällen som bottnar i värde- och normkonflikter. Kvinnor i hedersrelaterade kontexter är isolerade från omvärlden och förnekas möjligheten till att socialiseras, vilket är en viktig och nödvändig beståndsdel för att integreras i ett modernt, individualistiskt samhälle. Syftet med föreliggande uppsats är att undersöka deltagare i Tjejers rätt i samhällets(TRIS) simverksamhet och studera deltagarnas upplevelser kring möjligheter att delta på samhällets olika forum samt hur simverksamheten påverkar deras självförtroende. TRIS är en organisation som arbetar mot hedersrelaterat förtryck och våld. Med hjälp av intervjuer undersöktes fem deltagares upplevelser. Resultaten visar att simverksamheten är ett effektivt sätt för att engagera unga kvinnor till att bli mer aktiva inom idrott i skolan samt bidrar till en ökning av de unga kvinnornas självförtroende. Simverksamheten ger även ett antal fördelar kring möjligheter att delta på olika forum i samhället, bland annat bildandet av nya vänskapsband samt den fysiska aspekten av att förbättra den allmänna hälsan och välbefinnande. / Previous research shows that honor-related oppression and violence puts individuals in extremely vulnerable positions. It is also suggested that there is a complexity when combating this issue in late modern and secular societies. Women in honor-related contexts are isolated from the world and lack the opportunity to socialize, an important and integral aspect when integrating into the community. The intention of this paper is to investigate participants in TRIS, swimming lessons possibilities to access different forums in the community and the swimming lessons affect on their self-confidence. TRIS is an organization that works against honor-related oppression and violence. The method used to explore the experience in TRIS swimming lessons of five participants was qualitative interviews. The interviews investigated participants’ opportunity to take part in various forums within the community and how their self-confidence directly related to their integration into the community. This study’s revealed that the swimming activities shows an effective way to involve and persuade young women to become more active in physical education in school. There was also an increase in the young women’s self-confidence and their belief in regards to their own abilities when coping with life on a broader level. Swimming activities also provided a number of benefits in many areas of socialization namely the formation of new friendships and also the physical aspect of improving general health and well-being.

I denna socialantropologiska kandidatuppsats undersöks fenomenet hederskultur och hur hederskulturen påverkar idrott och- simundervisning i grundskolan, årskurs 7-9. Med kvalitativ metod och semistrukturerade intervjuer presenteras tre idrottslärares perspektiv på hederskultur, samt en skolkurators perspektiv och en socialsekreterares perspektiv. Informanternas perspektiv bygger på deras erfarenheter av hederskulturella situationer inom deras arbetsmiljö, och uppfattningar om hederskultur. Teori om patriarkat är användbar för att förstå hederskulturen och med hjälp av lagstiftning, skollag och tidigare forskning diskuteras det empiriska materialet i denna studie, som visar ett hedersrelaterat förtryck mot elever med utländsk bakgrund. / This thesis in social anthropology aims to study the phenomenon of culture of honor and how it expresses itself in sports and swimming lessons in elementary school, grade 7-9. With qualitative method and semi structured interviews this thesis presents the perspective of three physical educational teachers considering the culture of honor, as well as the perspective of a school counselor and the perspective of a social worker. The perspectives of the informants are based on their experiences and meetings with situations related to the culture of honor in their work related environment, and how that in turn has formed their perception of the culture of honor. Theory of patriarchy are useful for understanding the culture of honors, and with help of the legislation, education acts and previous research, the empirical material in this study is discussed which demonstrates an honorary based oppression against pupils with a non-Swedish cultural background.

Sammanfattning Denna studie beskriver hur sju skolkuratorer i södra Sverige uttrycker och förmedlar sina erfarenheter samt strategier för stödinsatser och upptäckt av elever som kan vara utsatta för hedersrelaterat våld. Studiens frågeställningar belyser de olika definitionerna av begreppet hedersrelaterat våld, vilka kännetecken som informanterna kan koppla till våldet samt hur de kan stödja de elever som är eller blivit utsatta av hedersrelaterat våld. Idag finns det tydliga riktlinjer samt rutiner på hur skolpersonal ska agera i fall hedersrelaterat våld förekommer, ändå visar aktuell forskning att verksamheter brister i sitt stöd för dessa personer. Barn försvinner fortfarande spårlöst till andra länder för att bli bortgifta och mörkertalet ökar. Studiens resultat visar att de flesta informanterna är medvetna hur de skall agera och skapar tid för detta, dock visar det sig en svårighet att stödja den elev som blivit myndig och samverkan med socialtjänst brister. I studien illustreras informanternas erfarenheter, kunskaper och uppmärksamheten inom hedersrelaterat våld där vi får följa hur de arbetar och stödjer de elever som lever under detta förtryck. Tidigare forskning visar att ett förebyggande arbete kan vara avgörande för ett barns liv och mående. Studiens resultat styrker tidigare forskning genom att visa att förebyggande insatser mot hedersrelaterat våld är nödvändigt. Informanterna uppgav även att mer kunskap behövs inom ämnet från både deras håll och även för socialtjänsten. Studien omfattar informanternas beskrivande berättelser där eleverna fått mer vetskap om vad som är rätt och fel, eleverna har därmed vågat ta kontakt med informanterna för att få hjälp i sin maktlösa situation.  Slutsatserna med denna studie är att kännetecken för hedersrelaterat våld kan variera och uttryckas exempelvis genom att eleven begränsas i sin vardag såsom att ej få delta i alla aktiviteter i skolan, val av kläder samt elevens mående. Det visas även att det finns en brytpunkt i puberteten då flickans kropp utvecklas till ung kvinna och på så vis tar våldet ofta fart. Vidare är slutsatserna att informanterna använde sig av olika metoder för att nå elever som kunde vara utsatta för hedersrelaterat våld, till exempel lösningsfokuserad metod, motiverande samtal och framförallt gott bemötande och öppna frågor.

Syftet med den här kvalitativa studien har varit att undersöka hur socialsekreterare upplevermöjligheten till familjebehandling i familjer där hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck (HRV)förekommer. Halvstrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med yrkesverksammasocialsekreterare eller socionomer, som under de fem senaste åren arbetat somsocialsekreterare. Studiens teoretiska ram bestod av begreppen orientalism, essentialism,konstruktivism och ett intersektionellt perspektiv. Resultatet visar att socialsekreterarnaupplever möjligheten till familjebehandling, i dessa kontexter, som begränsad.Intervjupersonerna beskriver arbetet som komplext där ett förändringsarbete sällan är möjligt,då hedersnormer och kultur beskrivs vara djupt rotade och svåra att förändra.Familjebehandling beskrivs även som en kompletterande insats till mer omfattande insatsersåsom placering utanför hemmet, och anses därför i de flesta fall inte fungera som en isoleradinsats. Utifrån intervjupersonernas beskrivningar kan det tolkas som att synen består av attdet ofta handlar om grovt våld och förtryck, vilket motiverar omfattande och ingripandeåtgärder. En annan faktor till den begränsade möjligheten att bevilja familjebehandling kanutifrån intervjuerna, förstås vara en brist på kunskap och insatser riktade mot dessa familjer.För att motverka HRV kan det utifrån intervjupersonernas utsagor, förstås viktigt att arbetamed förebyggande insatser för att bryta den isolering många familjer upplever. / The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine how social workers perceive thepossibility of family treatment in families experiencing honor-based violence and oppression(HBV). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with social workers, or social workerswho have worked in the field within the past five years. The theoretical framework of thestudy included orientalism, essentialism, constructivism and an intersectional perspective.The results show that social workers perceive the possibility of family treatment in thesecontexts as limited. The interviewees describe the work as complex, where bringing aboutchange is rarely possible as honor-norms and culture are described as deeply rooted anddifficult to alter. Family treatment is also understood as a complementary intervention tomore comprehensive measures such as out-of-home placement and is therefore generally notconsidered effective as a standalone intervention. Based on the interviewees’ descriptions,there is often a motivation to implement more comprehensive and interventionist measuresdue to the severity of the violence and oppression. Another factor contributing to the limitedpossibility of approving family therapy, could be a lack of knowledge and targetedinterventions for these families. To counter HBV, it is important to work on preventivemeasures to break the isolation experienced by families.

Honor-based violence is currently a significant social issue in Sweden. Previous research shows that a lack of methods and approaches to address this issue leads to a misinterpretation of support and interventions for the victims. This study investigates the experiences of social workers in handling honor-related cases, aiming to shed light on the complexities involved. Through a qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with seven social workers across different Swedish organizations within social services, the study uncovers several key findings. The informants express the difficulty in working with honor-related violence due to its complex nature, often leading to difficulty in identifying victims, perpetrators, and/or the presence or absence of honor-related elements in the different cases they presented. Fear of errors or inadvertent discrimination further complicates the professionals' engagement with these cases, sometimes resulting in avoidance altogether. Moreover, the study highlights the risk of overlooking other vulnerable groups affected by such violence amidst its complexity. While current interventions primarily focus on relocating children to protected accommodations, the informants stress the necessity of tailoring interventions to the severity of each case, indicating that not all cases warrant this approach. Ultimately, the study underscores the pressing need for further research and development to inform effective strategies for addressing and working with honor-based violence in Sweden.