Syftet med studien är att undersöka i vilken utsträckning gestaltningen av olika kön skiljer sig åt i svenska mediers rapportering kring kulturella skandaler, beroende på journalistens egna kön. Studiens fokus ligger i att undersöka Sara Danius och Horace Engdahl i krisen kring den Svenska Akademien, för att kunna jämföra svenska mediers rapportering av en kulturskandal, där både en kvinna och en man är inblandad. Det material som undersökts i studien är nyhetsartiklar från de sex största morgon- och kvällstidningarna i Sverige – Aftonbladet, Dagens Nyheter, Expressen, Göteborgs-Posten, Svenska Dagbladet och Sydsvenskan – vilka analyserats genom en kvantitativ innehållsanalys. Det teoretiska ramverk studien utgår från och som kan ge en förståelse för hur media gestaltar en skandal är; gestaltningsteori, medielogik, tonalitet och teorier om genus. Förutom dessa teorier har vi använt oss av relevant tidigare forskning inom skandaljournalistik och genus som indikerar att kvinnor och män gestaltas olika i media, inom politiska skandaler. Det blir därav intressant att undersöka om det även gäller en kulturell skandal samt om journalistens kön kan ha en betydelse för gestaltningen. Journalisters roll i rapporteringen och gestaltningen av skandalen är viktig, eftersom de har ett ansvar att vara objektiva samt att framställa de båda könen på ett likvärdigt sätt. Ur ett samhällsperspektiv blir studien intressant då mottagarna av en skandal påverkas av medias bild av hela händelseförloppet. Det resultat studien kommit fram till är att gestaltningen skiljer sig åt i hur kvinnliga och manliga journalister gestaltar de båda huvudpersonerna i skandalen kring den Svenska Akademien. Kvinnliga journalister fokuserar mer på huvudpersonens personliga egenskaper, utseende och yrkesroll, samt använder sig i större utsträckning av medielogikens berättarteknik personifiering. Kvinnliga journalister använder även i större utsträckning både mer positiv och negativ tonalitet i sina texter om Danius och Engdahl, medan manliga journalister överlag är mer neutrala i sin tonalitet. Resultatet visar även att det generellt läggs ett större fokus på både Danius yrkesroll och utseende än hos Engdahl, samt att journalisten syns mer i texten i de artiklar som främst handlar om Engdahl. Medielogikens berättarteknik personifiering syns även i större utsträckning när Engdahl gestaltas än Danius. När artikeln främst handlar om Danius är tonaliteten mot henne överlag mer positiv, medan när artikeln främst handlar om Engdahl är tonaliteten mot honom överlag mer negativ. Den som artikeln inte främst handlar om framställs med neutral tonalitet. I de fall bilder finns med i artikeln framkommer det att dessa i större utsträckning är gynnsamma för Danius, när artikeln främst handlar om henne. När artikeln främst handlar om Engdahl är eventuella bilder i större utsträckning mer neutrala eller missgynnsamma. Slutsatsen är att kvinnor och män gestaltas olika i skandalen kring den Svenska Akademien och att gestaltningen skiljer sig åt beroende på om journalisten är en kvinna eller man. Däremot är det svårtatt uttala sig om att alla kulturella skandaler skulle få samma utfall, då båda Sara Danius och Horace Engdahl är två särpräglade och unika individer med starka karaktärsdrag. / The purpose of the study is to examine to what extent the framing of different genders differs in Swedish media reporting on cultural scandals, depending on the journalists own gender. The study emphasizes on Sara Danius and Horace Engdahl in the crisis regarding the Swedish Academy, in order to be able to compare Swedish media reporting of a cultural scandal involving both a woman and a man. The empirical data that was examined in the study was news articles from six of the largest morning- and evening newspapers in Sweden – Aftonbladet, Dagens Nyheter, Expressen, Göteborgs-Posten, Svenska Dagbladet and Sydsvenskan – which has been analyzed through a quantitative content analysis. The theoretical framework is based on framing, media logic, tonality and theories of gender, which can give an understanding of how the media portrays a scandal. In addition to these mentioned theories, we have used relevant previous research in scandal journalism and gender which indicates that women and men are portrayed differently in the media, within political scandals. It was therefore interesting to investigate whether this also could be applied on a cultural scandal and if the gender of the journalist could have a bearing on the framing. The journalists role in reporting and depictions of a scandal are significant, they have a responsibility to be objective and to depict the two sexes in an equal manner. From a society perspective, the study becomes interesting as the recipients of a scandal are affected by the media's portrayal of the entire course of events. The study concluded that the framing differs in how female and male journalists portray the two main characters in the scandal regarding the Swedish Academy. Female journalists are more prone to emphasize personal characteristics, appearance and professional role, and make greater use of media logic's personification. Female journalists also used both more positively and negative tonality in their context regarding Danius and Engdahl, while male journalists generally are more neutral in their tonality. The results also show that there is generally a greater focus on Danius professional role and appearance than with Engdahl, and that the journalists are more visible in the context of the articles that are primarily about Engdahl. Media logic's personification is also seen to a greater extent when Engdahl is portrayed than Danius. When the article is mainly about Danius, the tonality towards her is generally more positive, while when the article is mainly about Engdahl, the tonality towards him is generally more negative. Whoever the article is not primarily about is portrayed with a neutral tonality. In cases where images are included in the article, it show that these are favorable to Danius, when the article is mainly about her. When the article is mainly about Engdahl, the images are either neutral or unfavorable. To summarizse, women and men are portrayed differently in the scandal regarding the Swedish Academy and that the framing differs depending on whether the journalist is a woman or a man. However, it is difficult to say that all cultural scandals would have the same outcome, as both Sara Danius and Horace Engdahl are two unique individuals with strong traits.

This thesis is a study of the press reception of Ebba Witt-Brattström's Århundradets kärlekskrig (2016) and Horace Engdahl's Den sista grisen (2016). The study questions comprise the following; how the critics value the novels, what the critics' expectations are, and if non-literary assessment criteria have influenced the reviews and author personas. The study is performed by examining the critics' description, interpretation, and evaluation of the novels. Reception theory supplemented with literary criticism as well as author persona and medialisation are applied in the study. The conclusion is that Witt-Brattström's novel is highly valued for its contribution to confessional literature. The criticism of her novel is mostly based on the question of whether the novel should be read biographically or not. Engdahl's novel is valued as outspoken and provocative but also unconvincing and criticized for lacking credibility on certain subjects.The critics' horizons of expectation differ between the authors. The expectations of Den sista grisen lead to the fusion of the horizon because it corresponds to the expectations. The expectations of Århundradets kärlekskrig change the critics' horizon as the novel presents a new understanding of a contemporary topic. The non-literary assessment criteria have had an effect. Witt-Brattström addresses the issue of domestic violence and reinforces her persona. Engdahl is described as conservative and weakens his persona. In one area the authors are on the same level, medialisation. It involves an interplay between authors, literature, and media, which Witt-Brattström and Engdahl have mastered.

The purpose of this paper is to do an analysis of the characters and the theater/masquerade motif in C.J.L. Almqvist’s Drottningens juvelsmycke (The Queen’s Diadem), based on queer theory, by using Judith Butlers’s Gender Trouble. As an alternative to the Swedish, gender determined, feminine pronoun ”hon”, which has been used by earlier critics concerning the main character of the book, ”hen” is proposed. By using the pronoun ”hen” the mistake made by the earlier critics who, without reflection, state that the character is a woman, will hopefully be avoided. In this analysis, the fact that the main character Tinto – generally known as Tintomara – is an androgyne, is demonstrated. The analysis of Drottningens juvelsmycke also shows that the other characters of the book try to – by heteronormative patterns – define Tinto’s gender identity according to their own requests and purposes. The recurrent theater/masquerade motif, which is closely connected with the main character of the novel, reflects the drift of the gender identities between fiction and reality, between acting and real life. By not staying or getting caught in any specific heteronormative gender identity, Tinto reveals the binary gender categories ”man” and ”woman” as non-natural constructions, just as true or false as any other gender.

<p>The purpose of this paper is to do an analysis of the characters and the theater/masquerade motif in C.J.L. Almqvist’s Drottningens juvelsmycke (The Queen’s Diadem), based on queer theory, by using Judith Butlers’s Gender Trouble. As an alternative to the Swedish, gender determined, feminine pronoun ”hon”, which has been used by earlier critics concerning the main character of the book, ”hen” is proposed. By using the pronoun ”hen” the mistake made by the earlier critics who, without reflection, state that the character is a woman, will hopefully be avoided. In this analysis, the fact that the main character Tinto – generally known as Tintomara – is an androgyne, is demonstrated. The analysis of Drottningens juvelsmycke also shows that the other characters of the book try to – by heteronormative patterns – define Tinto’s gender identity according to their own requests and purposes. The recurrent theater/masquerade motif, which is closely connected with the main character of the novel, reflects the drift of the gender identities between fiction and reality, between acting and real life. By not staying or getting caught in any specific heteronormative gender identity, Tinto reveals the binary gender categories ”man” and ”woman” as non-natural constructions, just as true or false as any other gender.</p>