Place-based learning can be facilitated via mobile digital devices. This is relevant both from the perspective of the educational objectives of schools and the aim of creating a greater range of differentiated learning environments. This study is part of a larger project that explores more focused study of the use of digital devices within the context of outdoor learning.    The study was carried out using mainly an abductive approach, leading to results of four categories and a graphic model. Thus new insights have been gained into the ways that modern information and communication technology can facilitate the interface between student and place.    The research results are discussed in relation to experiential learning, affordance, learning object, context and place. The study demonstrates that digital tools can bring new qualities to place-based learning. The interface between humans and natural/urban environments can be developed both cognitively and affectively. There is potential here to both strengthen and transform experiences in the space where virtual and authentic learning environments meet. The conclusion to the study examines the need for further development of both technology and teaching. A holistic perspective that takes into consideration both collaboration and the contexts of different places is necessary when using digital media.

The aim with this study was to see how a few teachers with experience of young students with ADHD looks upon the need of special support through ICT and from which perspective of special needs education the support is formed. I related the informants’ answers about their views on special needs support based on a relational and categorical perspective and came to the conclusion that all of the informants uses a bit of both depending on each individual students needs. Therefor I could see that the dilemma perspective is current in schools today. The most important need for the students with ADHD in general is, according to the informants, structure and routine. The result from this study also shows that general knowledge about ICT is lacking and needs to increase. This could in most cases be explained by the schools economic resources as that partly prevent purchase of new and more equipment but also forces the school to keep larger groups of students in each class. This leads to less time for the teacher to learn about how and when ICT can be used. When asked if or how ICT could work as an asset for the students with ADHD in their studies, all of the informants said that it could be used mainly as motivation for the students to keep focus but is not seen as a tool only for those in need of special support but acts as motivation for all students, with or without diagnosis. In general ICT is viewed as a complement to the ordinary education and all of the informants points out the importance of letting go of these artifacts once in a while to actually see what surrounds them and that it is important to know the purpose of its use.

The purpose of this study was to investigate guidance counsellors’ conceptions and experiences of information and communication technologies (ICT) in career guidance. The study has also investigated if counsellors, after graduation from the Bachelor of Arts in Study and Career Guidance program, consider themselves equipped to meet a digitized society. Qualitative interviews were made with eight professional guidance counsellors in primary and secondary schools. The collected data has been analyzed inspired by thematic analysis. The results of the study showed that ICT in guidance is perceived as a positive complement with a great potential. Based on our study we can conclude that ICT in guidance is seen as something positive with a great potential. Based on the results of our study, we conclude that the counsellors agree that the study program needs to be changed and expanded to reflect the needs of a changing society. / Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka studie- och yrkesvägledares uppfattningar och erfarenheter av informations- och kommunikationsteknik (IKT) i vägledning samt undersöka om vägledare, efter examen från studie- och yrkesvägledarutbildningen, känner sig rustade att möta ett digitaliserat samhälle. Data samlades in med hjälp av kvalitativa intervjuer som metod. Totalt åtta yrkesverksamma studie- och yrkesvägledare i grund- och gymnasieskola intervjuades. Den insamlade empirin analyserades med inspiration utifrån en tematisk analysmetod. Resultatet av studien visade på att IKT i vägledning uppfattas som ett positivt komplement med en stor potential. Utifrån resultatet av vår studie kan vi konstatera att IKT i vägledning upplevs som något positivt med en stor potential samt att studie- och yrkesvägledarna är eniga om att utbildningen behöver förändras och kompletteras utifrån samhällets förändrade behov.

Introduction. The current age structure in Sweden is changing. At the same time, life expectancy is increasing in many parts of the world. This will lead to greater demands of accessible care resources and its application. Well implemented communication is paramount when the healthcare system is as information-intensive as it is. For maintenance of good healthcare, demands will be set on new kinds of services. With eHealth, information and healthpromotion through communication-based technology, healthcare can be performed efficiently with secure output within the healthcare sector. Aim. The aim of this study was to examine challanges for health professionals in the process of patient care through care at a distance. Method. An empirical study of six (6) people was conducted by semistructured interviews. Result. Indicated result show a result of the need of eHealth within the current use of healthcare, and that the technology can be of comparable quality to physical meetings. However, technical solutions should be seen as a complement within healthcare, and not as a substitute of physical interaction. Conclusion. eHealth services is not something that will become relevant within a timeperiod of ten to fifteen years. It is a currently usable service that can be established to be of comparable quality to the person-centered care the nursing profession is striving for. / Indroduktion. Den nuvarande Svenska åldersstrukturen håller på att förändras samtidigt som den förväntade livslängden ökar i många delar av världen. Detta kommer att ställa större krav på tillgängliga vårdresurser och dess tillämpning. God kommunikation mellan olika aktörer är av största vikt då vården är informationsintensiv. För att upprätthålla god vård kommer krav att ställas på nya tjänster. Med eHälsa, informations och hälsofrämjande insatser genom kommunikationsbaserad teknik, kan vården utföras effektivt med säkerställda insatser inom vård- och omsorgssektorn. Syfte. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka utmaningar för vårdpersonal i arbetet med patientmöten via vård på distans. Metod. En empirisk studie utfördes och sex (6) personer intervjuades med en semistrukturerad intervjuform. Resultat. Resultat visar på ett behov inom vården av eHälsa och att tekniska lösningar kan ha en jämförbar kvalité med fysiska möten. Tekniska lösningar borde dock ses som ett komplement inom vården, och inte som en ersättning till fysiska möten. Konklusion. eHälsotjänster är inte någonting som kommer att bli aktuellt om först tio eller femton år, utan det är idag en brukbar tjänst som kan konstateras vara jämförbar med den personcentrerade vård sjuksköterskor arbetar efter.

Emerging information and communication technology (ICT) introduces many opportunities for the improved transfer of business documents throughout the trading process in the construction industry. Perceived and actual benefits have been realised throughout many studies however the relative success or failure has not been fully investigated for neither an individual organisational basis or throughout a complete supply chain. This research fills this knowledge gap by focusing on the feasibility of success before any design or development is undergone. The primary objective was to explore, explain and understand the nature of an organisation in the construction industry with reference to the adoption of technology and electronic trading methods such as electronic data interchange (EDI) and other methods of electronic commerce (Ecommerce). The second objective was to dissect the primary research and discover the key construct elements that exist and make an organisation what it is. These four quadrants or related business influences will form the basis for the factors governing success or failure of an adoption for both a stand-alone organisation and one within a supply chain. The third objective was to development a new analytical tool for determining success prior to the adoption of new technology into an existing business framework. The fourth objective was to test the tool within the construction industry in the UK and analyse the results. This research adopted a quantitative research approach in the form of a questionnaire that when data was recorded and analysed could produce a graphical representation of an organisation. Three models have been developed, they are focused toward determining success; (1) stand-alone organisational success, (2) supply chain success, (3) period of time taken to achieve successful adoption. This research helps us to understand the nature and extent of intra-organisational factors that influence the adoption of new technology. Secondly it provides the four key factors (four quadrants) that determine successful adoption: human resources, management, processes, and culture. Thirdly, these factors provide the building blocks for newly developed models. This provides for a clearer understanding of whether new information technology and communication developments can be successfully adopted into any organisation. Lastly, the research can help us understand the barriers to, and levers for, successful adoption. This research has some limitations that need to be acknowledged, most importantly the ‘target model’ was constructed from four quadrants that are evenly sized and weighted based on a questionnaire that suffers from a similar issue, further research is needed to address this weighting issue.

The current application of logistics in the construction industry is relatively inefficient when compared with other industries such as retail and manufacturing. The factors attributed to this inefficiency include the fragmented and short-term nature of construction process and inadequate tracking facilities on site. The inefficiency of construction logistics creates inter alia loss of materials and equipment, waste, construction delay, excessive cost and collision accident on site. Meanwhile, several information and communication technologies (ICT) have been proposed and developed by researchers to improve logistics functions such as tracking and monitoring of resources through the supply chain to the construction site. Such technologies include global positioning system (GPS), radio frequency identification devices (RFID), wireless sensors network (WSN) and geographical information system (GIS). While considerable research has been undertaken to develop the aforementioned systems, limited work has so far been done on investment justification prior to implementation. In this research, a framework has been developed to assess the extent of construction logistics problems, measure the significances of the problems, match the problems with existing ICT-based solutions and develop a robust ready-to-use multi-criteria analysis tool that can quantify the costs and benefits of implementing several ICT-based construction logistics systems. The tool is an integrated platform of related evaluation techniques such as Fault Tree Analysis, Decision Tree Analysis, Life Cycle Cost Analysis and Multi-Attribute Utility Theory. Prior to the development of this tool, data was collected through questionnaire survey and analysed by means of statistical analysis in order to derive some foundational parameters of the tool. Quantitative research method was adopted for data collection because the processes of the tool for which the data was required are quantitative. The implementation of this tool is novel given the integration of the analytical techniques mentioned above and the application of the tool for selecting ICT-based construction logistics systems. The tool takes in data such as cost and quantities of materials for a building project and quantifies the cost and benefits of alternative ICT-based tracking systems that can improve the logistics functions of the project. The application of the tool will eliminate guesswork on the benefits of ICT-based tracking systems by providing an objective platform for the quantification of cost and benefits of the systems prior to implementation.

The thesis is a study about the usage of BIM in construction projects in relation to how the software can support the site manager in the building production. The goal is to analyze the barriers and drivers to integrate BIM into the site manager’s work. The compositions of questions which are the basis for the thesis are “What obstacles does the site manager experience in his daily work routine and how can BIM be an option?” And “What mechanisms and factors is needed for BIM to be applied in the activities of site managers in construction projects?” For the answer to the first question, the daily work routine of a site manager has been studied in relation to today’s obstacle that is the basis for the production stoppages and how BIM can be an option. With information from the first matter as basis the study analyzes external and internal forces against the introduction of BIM. The study also clarifies the implementation problem and how it can be eliminated to thereby give rise to a change of the software in a conservative industry. In order to answer the question two scientific methods have been used; literature study and interviews. The Literature study reports the facts that may lead to the development of the construction process in its entirety. The interviews have given a reality perspective on the facts linked to the literature study. The results show that good planning with good coordination between the various disciplines t is the fundamentals for a successful production. The study demonstrates current shortcomings due to the disciplines inadequate coordination and information loss in an industry with high growth potential. With software that allows synchronization between different disciplines at the same time stands as the source for storing relevant information about a project would solve many of the daily obstacles in the production. The conclusion of this work is to BIM as new software minimizes the current barriers in relations to the site manager and production where information storage and synchronization of disciplines is a great advantage towards the elimination of obstacles in the production. To eliminate barriers that lead to minimization of production downtime and good balance in the daily operations there is a demand for change in the view towards new technology and work routines in the industry.

Teacher education occupies a position between the school system and higher education. It is expected to both have an impact on the school system and to be influenced by it. Compared to other higher education programs, teacher education has more often been subject to government control and detailed regulation. This thesis deals with the various roles and functions ascribed to teacher education in its complex position within the educational system, and above all its relationship with the school system. The objective of the thesis is to increase knowledge on government policy, with regard to teacher education, and frames within which the policy is developed, that in turn creates the framework for teacher education.    The issues outlined above are processed through two sub-studies. The first sub-study deals with these issues in a general and historical perspective. The second sub-study is focused on a specific content (ICT) in initiatives for teacher education reforms. By analyzing arguments put forward in government policy from a curriculum theory perspective the thesis shows that teacher education throughout the whole review period was considered to mainly benefit and serve the school system. However, the significance attached to this service varies. Generally two trails are highlighted. The first involves the teacher education service of delivering the teachers that the school system requires in order to live up to expectations of today. The other definition of working in the service of the school system is to contribute to a future-oriented development of the current school system. In many cases these perspectives are combined but the trend in the period reviewed in this study is that the first definition, to work in the service of the contemporary school system, has been accorded ever greater prominence.

I detta arbete undersöks vilka digitala verktyg som används i några musiklärares undervisning, hur de används, samt vilka de bakomliggande pedagogiska intentionerna kan tänkas vara. Vi har även försökt tolka vilken attityd musiklärarna har till användandet av dessa verktyg och om den kan sägas vara beroende av ålder och yrkeserfarenhet. Fem informanter i fem små eller mellanstora svenska städer med olika typer av musiklärarjobb intervjuades i hopp om ett varierat svarsresultat. I bakgrunden tar vi upp vad som gör ämnet intressant och relevant; att ny teknik är en stor del av barn och ungdomars livsstil. Vi tar också upp några aspekter på inlärning; sociokulturellt perspektiv – synen på lärande som beroende av individens samspel med sin omgivning, samt hur inlärning påverkas beroende på hur stoff presenteras. Vidare finns ett avsnitt om investeringar som gjorts för att integrera datorteknik i svensk skola, ett om vad som sägs i skolverkets styrdokument och ett om lärares roll i förhållande till IKT (informations- och kommunikationsteknik).Resultatet visar att digitala redskap används i planering, undervisning och som visuella/auditiva minneslappar mellan lektioner. Vanligt förekommande är streamingtjänster och inspelningsprogram. Man framhåller också moderna kommunikationsmöjligheter som viktiga. Ett viktigt argument för användande av ny teknik är elevens chans till inlärning via gehör och härmning tack vare stor tillgång till musik. Vi kan vidare se att lärarnas inställning till ny teknik är överlag positiv, men inte helt utan restriktioner. Det praktiska spelandet och själva mötet med eleverna hålls som viktigast. Tesen om att lärares inställning till ny teknik skulle kunna bero på ålder och yrkeserfarenhet är inget detta arbete kan styrka. / In the present study, digital tools are examined that are used by certain music teachers, how they are used, and what the underlying pedagogical intentions may be. We have also tried to interpret the attitude of the music teachers in regard to the use of these tools, and whether it can be said to be dependent on age and work experience. Five informants in five small or medium-sized Swedish cities with various types of music teaching jobs were interviewed, with the hope in gaining an overall diverse response.In our view, we discuss what makes the subject interesting and relevant: that new technologies are a major part of children’s and young people's lifestyles. We also address some aspects of learning; socio-cultural perspectives - the view of learning as dependent on the individual's interaction with his environment, and also how learning is affected depending on how the material is presented. There is also a section on the investment made in integrating computer technology in Swedish schools, a section on what is presented in the agency's governing documents, and a third section on the teachers' role in relation to ICT (information and communication technology).The result shows that digital tools are used in planning, teaching and visual / auditory memory overlap between classes. Streaming services and sequencer programs are often used. It also points to modern means of communication as being important. An important argument for the use of new technologies is the opportunity for students to learn through hearing and mimicry thanks to much access to music. We can also see that teachers' attitudes towards new technologies are largely positive, but not without restrictions. The actual performance of music and the personal encounter with students will be held as the most important aspects. The question of the teacher's attitude toward new technologies as being dependent upon age and work experience has not been proven in this study.

De senaste årtiondena har det hänt mycket inom digital teknik i vårt samhälle och människan har mer eller mindre gjort sig beroende av dem. Det talas även om att små barn måste lära sig hantera digitala verktyg och många förskolor runt om i vårt land har nu infört surfplattor till sina avdelningar, men det finns delade meningar angående hur och när och om surfplattan används i förskolan. Bakgrunden till undersökningen kom genom att jag upptäckte dessa  splittrade meningar i användandet av digitala verktyg.   Denna kvantitativa undersökning syftar till att få en bild över hur användandet av surfplattan i förskolans verksamhet ser ut i dagsläget. Undersökningen har gjorts med hjälp av enkäter som skickats ut via mail till personal på förskolor runt om i landet. Studien utgår ifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv på barns utveckling och samhällets struktur.   Resultatet visar att de som idag har tillgång till surfplattan har en positiv syn på användandet och den används till stor del på ett pedagogiskt sätt men samtidigt också som tidsfördriv. / The last few decades a lot has happened in digital technology in our society, and people have more or less made herself dependent of them. There is also talk about that the young children need to learn how to deal with the digital tools and many preschools across our country have now introduced tablet computers to there departments. But there is disagreements about how, when and if the tablets is used in the preschools. Background to this study came through that I discovered there fragments in the use of digital tools.   This quantitative study seeks to gain a view of how the tablets is used and how the preschool teachers looks at it. The study  was conducted by means of questionnaires sent out by email to staff at preschools around the country. The study is based on a socio-cultural perspective on child development and the structure of society. The results show that those who have access to tablet has a positive view of the use and used largely in an educational way, yet also as a pastime.