Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This is a study about the inner workings of an illuminated poem – about the dialogue that develops between poetry and illustration when they encounter each other on the page. However, the illuminated poem is more than just a relation between words and images, it is also a composite art in its own right. This study explores the dynamic of this particular type of imagetext by firstly claiming that the illuminated poem embodies a moment of indiscipline and secondly, by positing that illustration should contribute to this pairing by acting as a manifestation of illumination, instead of posturing as merely ‘illustrative’ or decorative. The inherent indisciplinarity of the illuminated poem as an imagetext is dissected – it is simultaneously two independent art forms and an integrated one; it can therefore be seen as both an interdisciplinary concern and a new art form. The illuminated poem as a visual art blurs the boundaries between words and images, upending the traditional, rigid boundaries of image-­‐text discourse. Additionally, a meandering narrative is set in motion when poetry and illustration engage in an illuminated poem – a slower, involved, cross-­‐pollinating reading that results in the activation of a reader’s imagination. The idea of Illumination is thus examined as both an orchestrated, visual choice and an active, conjuring process. Various strategies of illumination – with which illustration can open up a poem to new conceptual and narrative possibilities – are also discussed. These theories of interplay and interaction are then applied to an analysis of And all men kill the thing they love, an illuminated poem by Sara Fanelli and Oscar Wilde, revealing some of the ways in which illustration and poetry act as co-­‐conspirators and collaborators when they engage in a moment of indiscipline. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie is ‘n ondersoekende studie na die dieperliggende werking van ‘n “illuminated” gedig. Die studie fokus op die dialoog wat ontstaan wanneer ‘n gedig en illustrasies mekaar op papier ontmoet. Die “illuminated” gedig is egter soveel meer as net die saamgestelde som van woord en beeld – dit is ook ‘n verstrengelde nuwe kunswerk in eie reg. Hierdie studie verken die dinamiek van dié besondere soort beeldteks deur, eerstens, te verklaar dat “illumination” ‘n moment van ongedissiplineerdheid behels en, tweedens, deur te verwag dat die illustrasies bydra tot hierdie verhoudingsdinamika deur ‘n manifestasie van “illumination”, pleks van net ‘illustrerend’ of dekoratief, te wees. Die inherente ongedissiplineerdheid van die “open-­‐ended” gedig as beeldteks word ondersoek – dit vorm tegelykertyd twee onafhanklike kunsvorms en ‘n geïntegreerde geheel; dit kan dus beskou word as beide ‘n interdissiplinêre kunswerk en ‘n nuwe kunsvorm. Die ‘mengsel’-­‐gedig as visuele kunsvorm oorskry die bekende grense tussen woorde en beelde en gooi alle rigiede, streng-­‐tradisionele riglyne van die beeldteks-­‐geding omver. Die verhaaltrant volg kronkelpaaie wanneer digkuns en illustrasie slaags raak op papier of meedoen aan die “open-­‐ended” gedig – ‘n stadiger, meer betrokke, kruisbestuiwende leestempo word afgedwing, wat sodoende die leser se verbeelding aktiveer. Die idee van “illumination” word dus ondersoek as beide ‘n georkestreerde, visuele keuse en ‘n meelewende (verwonderings)proses. Verskeie verhelderings-­‐ moontlikhede – waardeur illustrasie ‘n gedig kan ontsluit om nuwe konseptuele en vertellingsmoontlikhede te ontgin – word ook bespreek. Hierdie teoretiese benadering van ‘n heen-­‐en-­‐weer-­‐spel se wisselwerkende interaksie word dan toegepas op ‘n analise van And all men kill the thing they love, ‘n “illuminated” gedig deur Sara Fanelli en Oscar Wilde. Verskeie wyses waarop illustrasie en digkuns as samesweerders en samewerkers kan optree wanneer hulle hulself in ‘n oomblik van ongedissiplineerdheid bevind, word aangetoon.

Entre les années 1600 et 1750 au Japon, de nombreux manuscrits enluminés (Nara ehon et Nara emaki) ont été produits. Ils ont néanmoins fait l’objet d’assez peu de recherches. Cette thèse aborde ce genre en trois temps, à travers l’étude d’un récit, le « Récit de Bunshô » (Bunshô sôshi). Nous considérons d’abord le processus d’élaboration de ces œuvres. Peints par des artisans anonymes, les rouleaux et les codex enluminés sont parfois signés de leur calligraphe ou portent un sceau de boutique. Travaillant pour des boutiques concurrentes, calligraphes et peintres ne forment pas véritablement avec ces dernières un atelier. Les boutiques peuvent également agir comme les maîtres d’œuvre en coordonnant les peintres et les calligraphes. Il a été souvent dit que les rouleaux et les codex enluminés ont été élaborés pour faire partie de trousseaux de mariage (yomeiri-bon). En confrontant les sources historiques aux œuvres conservées, nous soulignons, dans la seconde partie, que cette affirmation est loin de se vérifier. Enfin, nous consacrons un développement à l’évolution de l’iconographie du Bunshô sôshi. Histoire de l’élévation sociale d’un saunier et romance amoureuse entre la fille de ce dernier et un aristocrate, le Bunshô sôshi comporte des scènes problématiques du point de vue de l’échelle sociale. Ces manuscrits comportent également des images spécifiques représentant le jeune héros aristocrate comme un personnage androgyne (wakashu), en combinaison avec des compositions génériques qui rappellent d’autres récits.Ce travail constitue une première synthèse des recherches sur ces rouleaux et livres enluminés en français. / In the years between 1600 and 1750 AC, many anonymous illuminated handscrolls and manuscripts were produced in Japan, which are now collected under the name of Nara Ehon and Nara Emaki. Although they are very numerous, very few is known about them. This study is focused on those related to the tale of Bunshô (Bunshô sôshi) and proceeds in three steps.First, it examines the making process of these scrolls and manuscripts. Although the painters remained anonymous, a calligrapher's signature or the seal of a painting shop can sometimes be found. Calligrapher and painters could be working for several rival shops. Painting shops did not only sell painted scrolls or illuminated manuscripts, but worked the connections between the calligrapher and the painters as well.Then, our study reconsiders the place of illuminated scrolls and manuscripts in marriages' dowries, called yomeiri-bon. From what we know about marriages through historical sources and the surviving illuminated manuscripts, it can be stressed that very few manuscripts can be considered as yomeiri-bon.Finally, an analysis of Bunshô Sôshi's iconography throughout the years says a lot about how this tale was understood. As it tells about social ascension and how a saltmaker's daughter and an aristocrat lived a romance together, there is in this tale some problematic scenes, where the social scale is turned upside down. Also, specific compositions with an androgenic character (wakashu) as the hero are employed with more generic compositions echoing other stories as well.The present study represents a first extensive summary in French about those illuminated manuscripts.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta tese de doutorado propõe analisar a origem e a interpretação dos livros iluminados de William Blake. A produção do artista foi efetuada como um empreendimento técnico no qual texto e imagem eram gravados numa mesma chapa de impressão, para depois resultarem em diversas cópias impressas e finalizadas com aquarela. A fim de mapear as experimentações que culminaram na técnica de impressão iluminada, o primeiro capítulo discute a formação tripla de Blake como gravurista, poeta e pintor. O segundo analisa o poema narrativo e as ilustrações para Tiriel, livro que evidencia o primeiro esforço de Blake em unir texto e imagem. O terceiro, além de detalhar o método iluminado de impressão, discute o contexto de produção e as possíveis metas do seu autor ao empreender tal arte. O interlúdio apresenta uma discussão metodológica sobre o tipo de análise e conceituação crítica para o estudo de sua arte. Partindo dessa proposta, os capítulos seguintes objetivam uma interpretação dos primeiros livros iluminados de Blake. Os capítulos 4 e 5 discutem as Canções de Inocência e as Canções de Experiência, ao passo que o último se debruça sobre O Matrimônio de Céu e Inferno. Tais capítulos demonstram como, na criação do artista, texto e imagem mantêm uma dialógica relação de oposição e complementaridade que revela a meta do autor de fragilizar o discurso dualista de seu tempo, seja ele científico ou religioso, ao propor uma arte centrada na união de percepções físicas e mentais, visuais e textuais. O recorte metodológico prioriza na primeira parte desta tese uma discussão sobre o contexto cultural da arte de Blake e na segunda uma análise dos processos de leitura, observação e interpretação de seus livros. / Esta tese de doutorado propõe analisar a origem e a interpretação dos livros iluminados de William Blake. A produção do artista foi efetuada como um empreendimento técnico no qual texto e imagem eram gravados numa mesma chapa de impressão, para depois resultarem em diversas cópias impressas e finalizadas com aquarela. A fim de mapear as experimentações que culminaram na técnica de impressão iluminada, o primeiro capítulo discute a formação tripla de Blake como gravurista, poeta e pintor. O segundo analisa o poema narrativo e as ilustrações para Tiriel, livro que evidencia o primeiro esforço de Blake em unir texto e imagem. O terceiro, além de detalhar o método iluminado de impressão, discute o contexto de produção e as possíveis metas do seu autor ao empreender tal arte. O interlúdio apresenta uma discussão metodológica sobre o tipo de análise e conceituação crítica para o estudo de sua arte. Partindo dessa proposta, os capítulos seguintes objetivam uma interpretação dos primeiros livros iluminados de Blake. Os capítulos 4 e 5 discutem as Canções de Inocência e as Canções de Experiência, ao passo que o último se debruça sobre O Matrimônio de Céu e Inferno. Tais capítulos demonstram como, na criação do artista, texto e imagem mantêm uma dialógica relação de oposição e complementaridade que revela a meta do autor de fragilizar o discurso dualista de seu tempo, seja ele científico ou religioso, ao propor uma arte centrada na união de percepções físicas e mentais, visuais e textuais. O recorte metodológico prioriza na primeira parte desta tese uma discussão sobre o contexto cultural da arte de Blake e na segunda uma análise dos processos de leitura, observação e interpretação de seus livros.

No description available.

La pregunta sobre com s’ha de representar l’Holocaust és i ha estat una qüestió problemàtica i essencial en els Estudis de l’Holocaust. Certs acadèmics i intel•lectuals han negat la possibilitat de representació de l’horror del genocidi dels jueus europeus, i en especial, s’ha negat l’ús de la ficció literària i cinematogràfica. Aquesta tesi analitza les tres etapes de recepció de l’Holocaust i els seus discursos acadèmics predominants. L’inicial silenci i la invisibilitat social del genocidi, en la que es formula el dictum adornià sobre la irrepresentabilitat del genocidi dels jueus europeus. Més endavant, l’Holocaust es fa socialment visible, i l’aparició d’obres de ficció controvertides obliguen a plantejar-se certs “límits de representació”. I contemporàniament, quan la ficció sobre l’Holocaust s’ha popularitzat i globalitzat, arribant a formar part de l’entreteniment i del consum mediàtic. En aquest context, en el que les representacions de ficció del genocidi dels jueus europeus ja formen part de la nostra cultura, l’estudi de cas es centra en l’anàlisi narratològica del llibre Everything is Illuminated (2002) de Jonathan Safran Foer, amb l’objectiu de presentar una opció de ficció de l’Holocaust. / La pregunta sobre cómo se debe representar el Holocausto es y ha sido una cuestión problemática y esencial en los Estudios del Holocausto. Ciertos académicos e intelectuales han negado la posibilidad de representación del horror del genocidio de los judíos europeos, y en especial, se ha negado el uso de la ficción literaria y cinematográfica. Esta tesis analiza las tres etapas de recepción del Holocausto y sus discursos académicos predominantes. El inicial silencio e invisibilidad social del genocidio, en el que se formula el dictum adorniano sobre la irrepresentabilidad del genocidio de los judíos europeos. Más adelante, el Holocausto se hace socialmente visible, y la aparición de obras de ficción controvertidas obligan a plantearse ciertos “límites de representación”. Y contemporáneamente, cuando la ficción sobre Holocausto se ha popularizado y globalizado, llegando a formar parte del entretenimiento y del consumo mediático. En este contexto, en el que las representaciones de ficción del genocidio de los judíos europeos ya forman parte de nuestra cultura, el caso de estudio se centra en el análisis narratológico del libro Everything is Illuminated (2002) de Jonathan Safran Foer, con el objetivo de presentar una opción de ficción del Holocausto. / The question of how the Holocaust should be represented is and has been a problematic and essential question in Holocaust Studies. Certain academics and intellectuals have denied the possibility of representation, and very specially, have denied the use of literary and cinematographic fiction. This thesis analyses the three stages of reception of the Holocaust and their predominant academic discourses. The initial silence and social invisibility of the genocide, in which the Adornian dictum is formulated on the unrepresentability of the genocide of European Jews. Later, the Holocaust is made socially visible, and the emergence of controversial works of fiction force us to consider the option of certain “limits of representation”. And, recently, in which fiction about the Holocaust has become popularized and globalized, and become part of the entertainment and consumer mass media. In this context, in which fictional representations of the genocide of European Jews are now part of our culture, this case study focuses on the narratological analysis of the book, Everything is Illuminated (2002), by Jonathan Safran Foer, in order to present a fictional choice of the Holocaust.

Mittelalterliche Pergamentkodizes sind äußerst kostbar und werden selten im Antiquariatshandel angeboten. Spektakuläre Erwerbungen wie die Nibelungen-Handschrift C (Badische Landesbibliothek, Karlsruhe) oder die Ottheinrich-Bibel (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, München) sind große Ausnahmen, möglich nur unter Aufwendung außerplanmäßiger Mittel undmit finanzieller Unterstützung von Sponsoren und Stiftungen. Heute gilt jede mittelalterliche Handschrift als einzigartiges Zeugnis – sei es für die durch sie überlieferten Texte und Bilder, sei es für ihr historisch-kulturelles Umfeld. Diese Wertschätzung erfuhren mittelalterliche Handschriften nicht zu allen Zeiten. Mit zunehmender Verbreitung gedruckter Bücher verloren sie in der frühen Neuzeit ihre Funktion als Informationsträger und wurden oft nur noch ihres Beschreibstoffes, des Pergaments wegen geschätzt, das vor allem die Buchbinder gut gebrauchen konnten. Auf diese Weise sind unzählige Fragmente entstanden, die mitunter ebenso wertvoll sein können wie vollständig erhaltene Kodizes, vor allem dann, wenn es sich um singuläre Text- / Bildzeugen handelt oder wenn dadurch andere Fragmente ergänzt werden können.

The purpose of this thesis is to raise awareness about the contribution historic signs make to the experience of a place. Illuminated signage has played a key role in the development of the American landscape. The relationship between illuminated signage and sense of place is complex. Because of the ephemeral nature of signs and the public perception of them as advertising tools, the preservation community frequently overlooks signs. By examining three case studies, this thesis presents three different approaches to the preservation of illuminated signage. The first case study is the 2002 New Mexico Route 66 Neon Sign Restoration Project. This case uses Route 66 to examine the preservation of original material in original location. The second case study is the 2002 Amendment to the New York City Zoning Regulations, which mandates signage saturation in Times Square. This case examines the preservation of the experience of Times Square by protecting the historical use of innovative signage. The third case study is the 1996 installation of restored illuminated signs by the Neon Museum in Las Vegas at the Fremont Street Experience. This case examines the collections approach to preserving original Las Vegas illuminated signs in an outdoor museum setting as public works of art. While these three case studies evaluate iconic locations, the lessons are broadly applicable. The preservation approaches outlined here illustrate that every situation is unique and requires a full analysis of the context of the sign. Preservationists should evaluate signage within their local communities by examining the artistry and materiality of the signs. However, it is equally important to evaluate the overall community context of the signs. In order to preserve the experience of historic illuminated signage, it is imperative that preservationists and the general public understand that there are numerous approaches to safeguarding these works and that the time to take action is now. / text

The photo-conversion efficiency and stability of back-illuminated dye sensitised solar cells with titanium foil based photoanodes are enhanced by a simple nitric acid treatment through which the foil is passivated. This treatment changes the morphology of the titanium foil and increases its electrochemical double layer capacitance.

Mittelalterliche Pergamentkodizes sind äußerst kostbar und werden selten im Antiquariatshandel angeboten. Spektakuläre Erwerbungen wie die Nibelungen-Handschrift C (Badische Landesbibliothek, Karlsruhe) oder die Ottheinrich-Bibel (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, München) sind große Ausnahmen, möglich nur unter Aufwendung außerplanmäßiger Mittel undmit finanzieller Unterstützung von Sponsoren und Stiftungen. Heute gilt jede mittelalterliche Handschrift als einzigartiges Zeugnis – sei es für die durch sie überlieferten Texte und Bilder, sei es für ihr historisch-kulturelles Umfeld. Diese Wertschätzung erfuhren mittelalterliche Handschriften nicht zu allen Zeiten. Mit zunehmender Verbreitung gedruckter Bücher verloren sie in der frühen Neuzeit ihre Funktion als Informationsträger und wurden oft nur noch ihres Beschreibstoffes, des Pergaments wegen geschätzt, das vor allem die Buchbinder gut gebrauchen konnten. Auf diese Weise sind unzählige Fragmente entstanden, die mitunter ebenso wertvoll sein können wie vollständig erhaltene Kodizes, vor allem dann, wenn es sich um singuläre Text- / Bildzeugen handelt oder wenn dadurch andere Fragmente ergänzt werden können.

No description available.