Denna studie syftar till att framhålla ett perspektiv på reklambilders symboliska och ontologiska egenskaper. Studien grundar sig i tre informanters egna betraktelser av den inre varseblivning och de känslor som uppdagats då de beskådat reklambilder. Uppsatsen behandlar några av de betraktelser som gjordes av informanterna, och belyser likheter dessa emellan. Vidare sätts betraktelserna i ett nytt perspektiv genom att behandla dem utifrån ett ontologiskt närmande, vilket uppdagar reklambildernas funktion som medel för reflektion, samt för upprätthållandet av en gemensam föreställningsvärld. / This study is an attempt to establish a perspective on the symbolic and ontological features of advertising pictures. The study is based on three informants's own observations of the inner perceptions and emotional states which were experienced while contemplating advertising pictures. The essay contains a presentation of some of the most interesting aspects of the observations made by the informants, and illuminates the similarities between those observations. Further, the observations are put into perspective by applying an ontological approach, which reveals the functioning of advertising pictures as objects for reflection, and as means to maintain a cultural imaginary world.

Based on Harold Pinter&#039 / s three plays &ldquo / The Homecoming,&rdquo / &ldquo / The Caretaker&rdquo / and &ldquo / The Dumb Waiter,&rdquo / the aim of this study is to explore the idea that an individual cannot be a speaking member of the Symbolic Order, thus of the society unless s/he obeys the prohibitions/commands of language, a concept on which both Pinter and Lacan put great emphasis in their own vision. For Pinter human beings lead a life controlled by some unknown powers and build a disastrous subjective world devoid of linguistic competence. As for Lacan, language imprisons, castrates and pushes the subject into a claustrophobic world, which is portrayed strikingly by Pinter. The result is equally impressive / for Lacan: neurosis or psychosis, oscillating between the Orders/Registers of the Symbolic, Imaginary and Real, not possessing an assigned role in the community, and for Pinter: an absurd world where there is no meaning but a sense of loss. Lacan&rsquo / s explanation for the reasons of this absurd world focuses on two significant factors : the m(O)ther, who meets the basic needs in the Imaginary Order/stage of infancy and who introduces the Father to the child, and the Father, who will enable the child to obey the prohibitions of language, and thus to secure the child&rsquo / s adulthood. Throughout the study the points which will be highlighted are as follows: the characteristics of the absurd drama, the place of Harold Pinter in the contemporary theatre and the justification of a Lacanian reading, subjectivity&rsquo / s constitution.

Ce mémoire en recherche-création comporte deux parties : une création — un court métrage de fiction d’une quinzaine de minutes — et une réflexion écrite — un texte d’une cinquantaine de pages — autour d’une problématique générique. La plupart des historiens parlent d’un certain « épuisement » du western autour des années soixante-dix et quatre-vingt. Pourtant, le genre fait un retour dans le cinéma contemporain, mais sous une forme déplacée et renouvelée. Nous nous demanderons comment et pourquoi le genre du western revient aujourd’hui, sous quelle forme, et quel est le sens de cette reprise. La réflexion écrite reviendra d’abord sur le fonctionnement du système générique, pour se concentrer ensuite sur le genre du western et notamment sur le paysage de l’Ouest et le personnage du cowboy. Finalement, à l’occasion d’une étude de trois films exemplaires — The Three Burial of Melquiades Estrada (Tommy Lee Jones, 2005), et No Country for Old Men (Joel et Ethan Coen, 2007) et Don’t Come Knocking (Wim Wenders, 2005) — nous nous intéresserons plus particulièrement à la tension qui est construite dans les westerns contemporains entre l’imaginaire traditionnel du genre et le réalisme actuel. Réalisé en parallèle, le court métrage de fiction a pour ambition d’incarner ces problématiques examinées dans la partie écrite. / This research is in two parts: a fifteen minutes short fiction film, and a fifty page reflection on a genre-related set of issues. Most historians agree that there was a certain "exhaustion" of the western genre in the seventies and eighties. Yet, this genre is reappearing in modern cinema, in a renewed and repositioned form. We will try to understand how and why the western genre is making a come-back, by examining the form and meaning of this resumption. This dissertation will start by reviewing the workings of the generic system, before focusing on the western genre, specifically western scenery and cowboy iconography. Finally, we will study three films that are exponents of the genre: The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada (Tommy Lee Jones, 2005), No Country for Old Men (Joel and Ethan Coen, 2007), and Don’t Come Knocking (Wim Wenders, 2005). We will concentrate particularly on the tension created in modern films between the traditional conception of the western genre and contemporary realism. Produced at the same time, the short fiction film aspires to embody the issues explored in the text.

The mental constructions of other places are based on impressions from everything that surrounds us in our everyday life, e.g. pictures, videos, texts and narratives. The tourism industry is especially influential when it comes to creating the image of before “unknown places”. Furthermore, it has a tendency to embellish and idealize people and places located in what is commonly known as the Third World. The mental construction of South Africa, today a rapidly growing tourist country among Western tourists, is especially interesting to investigate given its very long and complex colonial history. The purpose of this paper was to describe and analyze the image of South Africa among a group of Western exchange students who each of them had spent one semester at the Stellenbosch University, situated in the Western Cape in South Africa. This was made through a text analysis which was based on open conversations/interviews with five former students. They were asked to tell about their time in South Africa regarding expectations they had, what they experienced on place and how their image of South Africa altered during time. The analysis was made based on post-colonial theory with the emphasis on Edward Said’s notions Orientalism and imaginary geographies. The analysis was also put in comparison to what other writers researching the similar issues have found. The analysis showed that all students had an imaginary Africa. South Africa’s small town Stellenbosch in its colonial appearance surprised them and wasn’t considered as “the real Africa”. The exotic animals and the locals though, were just as they’d expected them to be – very exotic respectively nice and friendly. The study indicates that the imaginary Africa is deeply rooted and that it takes much reflection to change or influence these imaginaries.

<p>This study focuses on the booking agencies in Sweden and their point of view on the reality with a focal point from the mass media perspective, which says that they have become rather wealthy because of the changes within the music business. The mass media describes the booking agencies situation as golden because of the economical and technological changes that more or less have paralysed the record industry. The study is performed with a qualitative approach and is based on interviews with relevant individuals from eight different Swedish booking agencies. These individuals have been chosen to match as many different segments in the booking agency business as possible. On account of the qualitative approach it is difficult to generalize the conclusion of the study. We have nevertheless noted some tendencies that the technological development has had a strong impact on the everyday situations for the booking agencies. These will be presented in chapter five.</p>

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Baylor University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 224-226).

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:43:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 parte1.pdf: 2194720 bytes, checksum: 0ed236b8ae22701618a7881de71c5969 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In this work, we goal is to analyze continuous formation discourse from Portuguese teachers in academic context, emphasizing the relation that the subject keep with knowledge/power, with him/herself, with the other and gender writing skills. The data produced by this research are derived from a teachers‟ formation course, which were offered by a graduation program from a federal university of Paraíba (Brazil). Such course was ministered by Language professors from this university. Based on theoretical concepts of French Discourse Analysis, we intended to verify subject position movements about knowledge/power, with the aim of reflexive journals which were written by the ministrant professors and by teachers/students. Such journals point to different discursive orders, causing a unity effect, when it comes to release a discursive memory of knowledge accomplishment and institutionalization and, at the same time, another discursive order which questioned ways of systematization, progression and classification of knowledge, inclusively, of institutionalization and authority of professor‟s knowledge. When it comes to the relation of professors with themselves and with the other, we have noticed and image and identity movement game which somehow reflected the discursive confrontation over the teaching object among the teachers who were participating of the formation course. We have also evidenced through the reflexive journals that dislocations in the self image took place with the professors, especially because of writing place legitimation which the teachers attributed to the professors, as well as the rescue of an authority memory and legitimation of professor‟s qualified/master place in relation to the teachers. Such subject places legitimation (professors and teachers) have also provoked dislocations when it comes to author-effect in the writing of the gender opinion article. / Neste presente trabalho, objetivamos analisar o discurso de professores de língua portuguesa em formação continuada no contexto acadêmico, focalizando a relação do sujeito com o saber/poder, consigo, com o outro e com a escritura do gênero. Os dados da pesquisa foram constituídos a partir de um curso de formação docente, oferecido pelo Programa de Apoio à Licenciatura da Universidade Federal de Campina Garnde-PB e ministrado por professoras da Unidade Acadêmica de Letras dessa universidade. Com base no dispositivo teórico da Análise de Discurso francesa, procuramos verificar, a partir de diários reflexivos escritos por professoras-ministrantes (PMs) e professoras-alunas (PAs), movimentos das posições-sujeito sobre o saber/poder que apontaram para ordens discursivas diferentes, provocando um efeito de unidade, no sentido de resgatar uma memória discursiva de cumprimento e institucionalização do saber e, ao mesmo tempo, uma outra ordem discursiva que colocava em causa formas de sistematização, progressão, classificação do saber, inclusive, da institucionalização e autoridade do saber do professor universitário. No que se refere à relação dos sujeitos (PAs) consigo e com o outro (PMs), percebemos um jogo de imagens e movimentos identitários que refletiram de alguma forma o confronto discursivo sobre o objeto de ensino entre as PMs. Constatamos ainda, a partir dos diários reflexivos, que houve deslocamentos na imagem de si dos sujeitos (PAs), principalmente devido à legitimação do lugar de escreventes que as PMs conferiram aos sujeitos (PAs), como também ao resgate de uma memória de autoridade e legitimação do lugar de professor qualificado/mestre em relação às PMs. Essa legitimação dos lugares dos sujeitos (PMs e PAs) provocou também deslocamentos no que se refere ao efeito-autor na escritura do gênero artigo de opinião.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T15:01:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1215383 bytes, checksum: c25a1341e1c321cc08f721eb2de4ca69 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In this dissertation we propose to analyze the images pertaining to the book of Leviticus more necessary in Chapter Sixteen referring to the rite of the sacrifice in the huge day of the atonements. We have as one´s objective identify oneself the symbolic-mythical images are present at the representations of the priest and the scapegoat, symbols existing in sacrifice ritual, and as from of that list, to discuss what are the relations between the present images in the rite of the sacrifice and symbolic process existing in the imaginary of the rite of the atonement, therefore to analyze which imaginary of the sacrifice in Leviticus´which subjective messages in this practice. Our study is descriptive and bibliography with a qualitative approach we showed clearly the contributions about the Eliade s religion theories, the contributions about Durand´s general theory of the imaginary, Maffesoli, the studies about Cassirer´s symbols, and the analysis that deal with liability the symbolic questions, mythical, imaginary and religious. In this religious sciences context, comprise by a multidisciplinary field, assist the researcher to seize the religious phenomenon and the elements inherent to him like rituals, the symbols and myths which speak about a culture of the historical time determined. The images which have emerged from Leviticus´narrative and they are inherent to the sacrifice, they have appeared, amongst the analysis ruled by the psychology religion, a search of transcendence that it still presents oneself like desire in the humility, demonstrating the necessity about the meeting itself, in the individual process, moving aside the shadow, and restoring the light of the conscience. The same images combination, analyzing amongst hermeneutic symbolic, making use of the assuming the imaginary general of the theory, showed clearly a Heroic Structure, belonging to the Imaginary Daytime System, for sacrifice realized in the great day of the atonement in Leviticus. / Nesta dissertação nos propomos analisar as imagens constantes no livro do Levítico, mais precisamente no capítulo dezesseis, no que se refere ao rito do sacrifício no grande dia das expiações. Objetivamos identificar as imagens mítico-simbólicas presentes nas representações do sacerdote e do bode expiatório, símbolos existentes no ritual do sacrifício e, a partir dessa catalogação, discutir quais as relações entre as imagens presentes no rito do sacrifício e o processo simbólico existente no imaginário do rito de expiação, ou seja, analisar qual o imaginário do sacrifício no Levítico e quais as mensagens subjetivas a essa prática. Nosso estudo é descritivo e bibliográfico com abordagem qualitativa. Evidenciamos as contribuições das teorias da religião de Eliade, as contribuições da Teoria Geral do Imaginário de Durand, Maffesoli, dos estudos sobre os símbolos de Cassirer, e das análises que tratam com propriedade as questões simbólicas, míticas, imaginárias e religiosas. Nesse contexto as Ciências das Religiões, compostas por um campo multidisciplinar, auxiliam o pesquisador a apreender o fenômeno religioso e os elementos inerentes a ele, como os rituais, os símbolos e os mitos, que falam de uma cultura ou tempo histórico determinados. As imagens que emergiram da narração do Levítico e inerentes ao sacrifício sugerem, através de uma análise pautada pela psicologia da religião, uma busca de transcendência, que ainda se apresenta na humanidade como anseio, demonstrando a necessidade do encontro consigo mesmo, num processo de individuação, afastando a sombra e restaurando a luz da consciência. O mesmo conjunto de imagens, analisado através da hermenêutica simbólica, utilizando-se os pressupostos da Teoria Geral do Imaginário, evidenciou uma Estrutura Heroica, pertencente ao Regime Diurno do Imaginário, para o sacrifício realizado no grande dia das expiações no Levítico.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T15:01:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1210293 bytes, checksum: 130b9c7cbdca13b9398ef10a92dc2a15 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The purpose of this research is to investigate the symbolic-mythological imaginary of seventeenth century Puritan Protestantism, based on the work of John Bunyan, The Pilgrim. The study was developed within the Graduate Program in Sciences of Religions at the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), in the research line Religion, Culture and Symbolic Production, by Research and Study Group in Anthropology and the Imaginary (GEPAI). The objective is to identify the mythical and imaginary roots of the Christian imaginary which are present in such work. The historical context in which such work was produced with all religious, philosophical and political conflicts are described. The approach offers elements to realize the mythic-ideological dimension present in John Bunyan s speech. He was a preacher of the Gospel (pastor), forged in an atmosphere of great tension, representative of Protestantism dissent known as Puritan . He used the resource of allegory as a support for the metaphors. The work narrates the trajectory of a Christian towards the Heavenly City. The symbolic-mythological element is present in all the work. This paper aims to bring near the allegory present in the work to the Christian Protestant imaginary. The work was originally published in 1678. The author was in prison for twelve years, and it was during this time that he wrote this, which is his masterpiece. The plot of this novel mingles to the symbolic interpretation. The theoretical analysis adopted is the Theory of the Imaginary by Gilbert Durand. The cultural imaginary consists of a dynamic system, organizer of images, mixture of mythical fragments generated by the human imagination and does not constitute of a secondary element of man s thinking, but in the very matrix of this thought. As a second Theoretical reference is Joseph Campbell, with his work about The Hero Adventure. The proposal is to identify the pilgrim journey in the work of Bunyan with the thesis of the conception of the mythological hero in Campbell. The myths are manifested in the symbolic acts, whose function is to put the man in a relationship of meaning with the world, with the other self and with his own self. There is a logic in all the imaginary mythological building process, in such a way that its phenomenology can be investigated and explained. Methodologically, the research consists in a descriptive and bibliographical study, associated with the studies of the imaginary according to Durand, and the hero adventure according to Campbell. The experience described by Bunyan illustrates our own experience. To tell the truth, all of us are pilgrims in this world, all of us walk in the direction of what is there and beyond, in one way or another, may it be in the plurality of how we feel, perceive and believe, may it be in the singularity of our inner beliefs. / A proposta desta pesquisa consiste em investigar o imaginário simbólico-mitológico do protestantismo puritano do século XVII, tomando como base a obra O peregrino de John Bunyan. O estudo foi desenvolvido dentro do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências das Religiões da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), na linha de pesquisa Religião, Cultura e Produção Simbólica, do Grupo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Antropologia do Imaginário (GEPAI). O objetivo é identificar as raízes míticas e imaginárias do imaginário cristão que estão presentes na referida obra. O contexto histórico da produção da referida obra com todos os seus conflitos religiosos, filosóficos e políticos são descritos. A abordagem oferece elementos para se perceber a dimensão mítico-ideológica do discurso de John Bunyan. Era um ministro do evangelho (pastor), forjado num ambiente de grande tensão, representante da dissidência protestante conhecida por puritana . Usa o recurso da alegoria como suporte para as metáforas. A obra narra a trajetória de Cristão rumo à Cidade Celestial. O elemento simbólico-mitológico está presente em toda a obra. Este trabalho procura aproximar a alegoria da obra e o imaginário cristão protestante. A obra foi publicada originalmente em 1678. O autor esteve na prisão por doze anos, tendo nesta época escrito esta sua obra prima. O enredo da obra mescla-se à interpretação simbólica. A fundamentação teórica adotada para a análise é a Teoria do Imaginário de Gilbert Durand. O imaginário cultural consiste de um sistema dinâmico, organizador de imagens, formado pelo amálgama de fragmentos míticos gerados pela imaginação humana e não se constitui num elemento secundário do pensamento do homem, mas na própria matriz deste pensamento. Como segunda referência teórica está Joseph Campbell, com o seu trabalho sobre A aventura do herói. A proposta é identificar a jornada do peregrino da obra de Bunyan com a tese da concepção do herói mitológico de Campbell. Os mitos são manifestos nos atos simbólicos, cuja função é colocar o homem em relação de significado com o mundo, com o outro e consigo mesmo. Há uma lógica em todo o processo de construção do imaginário mitológico, tanto que a sua fenomenologia pode ser pesquisada e explicada. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa consiste de um estudo descritivo e bibliográfico, associado aos estudos do imaginário segundo Durand, e da aventura do herói segundo Campbell. A experiência descrita por Bunyan ilustra a nossa própria. Na verdade, todos somos peregrinos neste mundo, todos caminhamos na direção do que está ali e além, de um modo ou de outro, seja na pluralidade dos modos de sentir, perceber e crer, seja na singularidade das convicções internalizadas.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T15:01:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1786722 bytes, checksum: 1f37882f48cc5060cd22a94e02c312c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This dissertation has the purpose of analysing the mythical-symbolic meaning of the Grail in its correlation with the myth of the hero, here represented by the ideal of medieval cavalry. Work with the hyphotesis that between the lines of Grail myth lies virtue as the path which leads to acquaintance of self and transcendence, being the Grail an immaterial good symbolised by many objects. Between two axes, history and myth, I bring some reflections to analyse the meaning of the Grail. Regarding methodological procedures, I made use of bibliographical research based on seminal romances from twelfth and thirteenth centuries, Perceval or the Story of the Grail by Chrétien de Troyes and Parzival by Wolfram Von Eschenbach. Such romances were examined from referential theory of the Antrophological Structures of Imaginary by Gilbert Durand and of comparative mythology by Joseph Campbell. / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar o significado mítico-simbólico do Graal em sua conexão com o mito do herói, aqui representado pelo cavaleiro medieval. Trabalho com a hipótese que nas entrelinhas do mito do Graal está a virtude como o caminho que leva para o encontro de si mesmo e da transcendência, sendo o Graal um bem imaterial simbolizado por vários objetos. Entre os dois pólos, história e mito, trago algumas reflexões para analisar o significado do Graal. Em relação aos procedimentos metodológicos, utilizei a pesquisa bibliográfica, com base nos romances seminais dos séculos XII e XIII, Perceval ou o Romance do Graal, de Chrétien de Troyes e Parsifal, de Wolfram Von Eschenbach. Tais romances foram analisados a partir do referencial teórico das Estruturas Antropológicas do Imaginário de Gilbert Durand e da mitologia comparada de Joseph Campbell.